Mar Christian M.

Martillnao
MSCE-6
Student No: 2016190006

1. Assuming the beam to be massless, each system can be modelled as an SDOF system with the
vertical deflection due to the weight W. the beam has length L and flexural rigidity, EI. Analyze
the two beams below.
a. Derive the equivalent stiffness (k) in terms of EI, L, and W.
b. Assume that the weight W at the midspan of the beams is due to man with W = 500 N. At
midspan, the man oscillates at a frequency of 2 Hz. If the length of the beam is 2.0 m,
estimate the flexural rigidity (EI) of the beam.
c. Using the data in letter b, if an initial displacement of -2 cm at the center was applied and
then released, plot the displacement vs time of the displacement, assuming a damping ratio of
5%.

 
 


 
 



 

 



 




 
 



 
Solution:
 
a. Using Double Integration Method 



For Simple Beam    

EI y ' ' = ( )
Wx
2
L
−W x− (1)
2


W ( x− )
2
L   
2
'Wx 2
EI y = − +c (2) 1
4 2

( ) + c x+ c (3)
3
L
W x−
Wx 3 2
EIy= − 1 2
12 6
when x=0 , y=0∈ equation3 , c 2=0

when x=L , y =0∈equation 3 , 0=

WL3
−
W L−
L 3
2
+ c1 L∴ c 1=
W L2 ( )
12 6 16

( ) + W L x (4)
3
L
W x−
Wx 3 2 2
EIy= −
12 6 16
The deflextion at midspan can be solved ¿ equation 4 , x=0.5 L
 ( )
3
L3 L L 
W W − 3 3 3 3
2 2 2 L WL WL WL −W L
EIy= − + c1 = − = ∴ y=
12 6 2 96 32 48 48 EI


 

The equivalent stiffness , k is :
 
W 48 EI
k= = 3  
y L
For
 Fixed Beam   

EI y =
''
( )
Wx
2
L
−W x− −M A (1)
2

W ( x− )
2
L
2
Wx
' 2
EI y = − −M A x +c 1 (2)
4 2

( ) −M
3
L
W x− 2
Wx 3 2 A x
EIy= − + c1 x+ c 2(3)
12 6 2
when x=0 , y=0∈ equation3 , c 2=0

when x=0 , y ' =0∈equation 2 , c1=0

() ( )
2 2
L L L
W W −
L ' 2 2 2 L WL
when x= , y =0∈equation 2, 0= − −M A ∴ M A =
2 4 2 2 8

EIy=
Wx 3
−
W x−
L 3
2 (
−
WL x 2
( 4)
)
12 6 16
The deflextion at midspan can be solved ¿ equation 4 , x=0.5 L

( )
3
L3 L L L2
W W − WL
2 2 2 2 W L3 W L3 −W L3 −W L3
EIy= − − = − = ∴ y=
12 6 16 96 64 192 192 EI
The equivalent stiffness , k is :
W 192 EI
k= =
y L3

b. Flexural Rigidity of the Beam

500 N
W =500 N m= =50.97 kg
9.81 m/s 2
 f =2.00 Hz .
ω rad
f= , ω=2 πf =4 π
2π sec

ω=
√ k
m
2
k=m ω =8048.54
N
m
For Simple Beam
3
48 EI kL
k = 3 EI = =1,341.43 N . m3
L 48
For Fixed Beam

192 EI k L3 3
k= 3
EI= =1 335.36 N . m
L 192
c. Plot
δ=5 .0 %
v ( 0 )=20 mm

by using v ( t )=v (0)e−δ ω t cos ⁡( ωt)

n

2. The structural frame shown has a rigid and is rigid jointed at both ends of the three columns. The
mass of the structure of 5000 kg is concentrated at the top. The columns are 3.0m long and each
has an EI = 4.5x106 N-m2. The structure has a viscous damping (h) of 4%. Model the structure as
an SDOF shear building.
a. Calculate the undamped dynamic properties (f, T, and ω).
b. Calculate the damped dynamic properties
c. The top was displaced to the right by 25 mm and then released. Compute the displacement,
velocity and acceleration after one period. Plot the displacement as a function of time for at
least three periods.
d. Using the plot in c, determine the damping ratio (h) using the log decrement method.
Compare with the given h.


a. Undamped Dynamic Properties
6 2
m=5000 k g L=3.00 m EI =4.5 x 10 N .m
12 EI N
k =3 =6.0 x 106
L 3
m

ω n=
√ k
m
=20 √ 3=34.6 41
rad
sec.
T n=
2π
ω
1
=.181 sec. f n= =5.513 Hz .
T
b. Damped Dynamic Properties
δ=4.0 %
rad
ω D =ω n √ 1−δ =34 .613
2
sec .
2π
T D= =0.182 sec .
ωD
1
f d= =5.501 Hz .
TD
c. Displacement, velocity, and acceleration after one period
at one period , t=0.182 sec .
v ( 0 )=25 mm

displacement , x (t )=v (0) e−δ ω t cos( ω D t )

n

x ( t )=( 25 ) e−( 0.04) (34.641 ) (0.182) cos [ ( 34.613 ) ( 0.182 ) ]

x ( t )=19.440 mm
−δ ωn t −δ ω n t
velocity , v ( t )=v ( 0 ) sin ( ω D t ) ω D e +v ( 0 ) cos( ω D t)δ ωn e

v ( t )=( 25 ) sin ⁡[ ( 34.613 ) ( 0.182 ) ] (34.613)e

− ( 0.04 ) ( 34.641 ) ( 0.182 )

+ ( 25 ) cos [ ( 34.613 ) ( 0.182 ) ] (0.04)(34.641)e

−( 0.04 )( 34.641 ) ( 0.182 )

v ( t )=26.937 mm /sec .

acceleration , a ( t )=v ( 0 ) cos ( ω D t ) ω2D e−δ ω t −2 v ( 0 ) sin ( ω D t ) ω D δ ωn e−δ ω t

n n

2 2 −δ ω n t
−v ( 0 ) cos ( ω D t ) δ ω n e

a ( t )=( 25 ) cos [ ( 34.613 ) ( 0.182 ) ] (34.613)2 e−(0.04 ) (34.641 ) (0.182) ⁡

−2 ( 25 ) sin ⁡[ ( 34.613 )( 0.182 ) ] (34.613)(0.04)(344.641)e−(0.04 )( 34.641 )( 0.182 )

−( 25 ) cos [ ( 34.613 ) ( 0.182 ) ] (0.04) (34.6 41) e
2 2 −( 0.04 ) ( 34.641 ) ( 0.182 )

a ( t )=23,253.70 mm/ sec . 2

d. Damping Ratio using the Log Decrement Method

ln ∆=δω T D ,
δ ωn T D (0.04)(34.641)(0.182)
∆=e =e =1.286
ln ∆
h¿ . = =0.0400 3
2π
The value of dampingratio using log Drecrement Method is higher than the given damping ratio , δ .