The child uses The child can The adolescent

Step 1: Punishment and obedience orientation. think logically can reason

symbols to
Level 1: Obey rules to avoid punishment. about concrete abstractly and
represent
Preconventional objects and can think in
objects but does
(younger than 6) Step 2: Naïve hedonism. Conform to get rewards
not reason thus add and hypothetical
and to have favors returned. Stages The infant explores subtract. The terms.
logically. The
the world through child also
child also has
Step 3: Good kid morality. Conforms to avoid direct sensory and understands
the ability to Formal Operational
Level 2: motor contact. conversation.
disapproval or dislike by others pretend. During (12 years-adult)
Conventional (7- Kohlberg’s Theory Object Permanence
this stage, the
11 years) Step 4: Conforms to avoid censure by authorities. of Moral Stages of and separation
child is
Development of the anxiety develop Concrete Operational
egocentric
Self during this stage. (6-12 years old)
Level 3: Step 5: Conforms to maintain communities.
Preoperational
Postconventional Emphasize on individual rights.
(2-6 years old)
(11 years on)
Sensorimotor
Step 6: Individual principles of conscience.
Psychological (0-2 years old)
Theories of Stages
Erik Erikson Theory of the
Development of
Psychosocial
Stages
Development of the Self the Self Theory of the Cognitive
Jean Piaget
Development of the Self
Infancy 0 - 18 months Trust vs Mistrust Freud’s Psychosexual
Stages of Accommodation Learning is cause
Early Childhood 2 – 3 years Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt
Development by the blend of
Assimilation
Initiative vs Guilt Stages
Preschool 3 – 5 years

School Age 6 – 11 years Industry vs Inferiority Oral (Birth to Anal Phallic (3-6): Latency (6- Genital
2 years): (15months – Primary focus is puberty): (Puberty
Adolescence 12 – 18 years Identity vs Role Confusion Pleasure from 3years): on genitals- Focused on through
oral Primary focus between male intellectual Adulthood):
Young Adult 19 – 40 years Intimacy vs Isolation stimulation- on controlling and female. and social Sexual desires
tasting and bladder and pursuits. renewed- seek
Middle Adulthood 40 – 65 years Generativity vs Stagnation sucking. bowels- relationship
eliminating with others.
Maturity 65 to DEATH Ego Identity vs Despair /relating feces