“Año del Fortalecimiento de la Soberanía

Nacional”
UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DEL SANTA

FACULTAD: Ingeniería

EAP: Ingeniería Agrónoma

INTEGRANTES:

• Solorzano Pereda Andrew Jiomar

• Rosas Alvarez Kimberly Ester
• Loyola Julca Jamyl Anthony
• Vasquez Acosta Loida Elizabeth
• Vasquez Cubas Janette Keiko
• Romelia Iris Blas Anacleto

CURSO:
Geometría Analítica

DOCENTE:

María Esther Baila Gemin

CICLO:
I

NUEVO CHIMBOTE, PERÚ

2022
Problema 1
2 1 1 2 −3 4
Sean las matrices 𝐴 = [ ]𝑦 𝐵 = [ ]
−1 −1 4 −3 1 −2

Si C=2B – 3A, determine:

4 −6 8 6 3 3
2𝐵 = [ ] 3𝐴 = [ ]
−6 2 −4 −3 −3 12

Luego:
4 −6 8 6 3 3
𝐶=[ ]−[ ]
−6 2 −4 −3 −3 12
4 − 6 −6 − 3 8−3
𝐶=[ ]
−6 + 3 2 + 3 −4 − 12
−2 −9 5
𝐶=[ ]
−3 5 −16
a) Orden de la matriz es 2x3
b) 𝐶21 = −3 𝑦 𝐶13 = 5
−2 −3
𝑡
c) 𝐶 = [−9 5 ]
5 −16

Problema 2
Resuelva la siguiente ecuación matricial para A

2 −1 1 0
[ ] 𝐴=[ ]
3 −2 0 1

1 0 2 −1
𝐴=[ ][ ]
0 1 3 −2

2 −1
𝐴=[ ]
3 −2
Problema 3
Pruebe que si
0 1 0
𝐴 = [0 0 1]
6 −11 6

0 1 0 0 11 0
11𝐴 = 11 ∗[ 0 0 1] = [ 0 0 11]
−6 −11 6 66 −121 66
0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
2
𝐴 =[ 0 0 1 ] ∗ [0 0 1] = [ 6 −11 6]
−6 −11 6 6 −11 6 36 −60 25
0 0 1 0 0 6
2
6𝐴 = 6 ∗ [ 6 −11 6 ] = [ 36 −66 36 ]
36 −60 25 216 −360 150
0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 6 −11 6
3
𝐴 =[ 0 0 1 ] ∗ [0 0 1] ∗ [ 0 0 1] = [ 36 −60 25]
−6 −11 6 6 −11 6 −6 −11 6 150 −239 90
1 0 0 6 0 0
6𝐼 = 6 ∗ [0 1 0] = [0 6 0]
0 0 1 0 0 6

𝐴3 − 6𝐴2 + 11A − 6I = 0 I = I3
6 −11 6
[ 36 −60 25] −
150 −239 90
0 0 6 0 11 0 6 0 0
[ 36 −66 36 +] [ 0 0 ] [
11 − 0 6 0] = 0
216 −360 150 66 −121 66 0 0 6
6 −11 0 0 11 0 6 0 0
[ 0 6 −11] + [ 0 0 11] − [0 6 0] = 0
−66 121 −60 66 −121 66 0 0 6
6 0 0 6 0 0
[0 6 0] − [0 6 0] = 0
0 0 6 0 0 6
0 0 0
[0 0 0]
0 0 0
Problema 4
Calcule, si es posible, las siguientes operaciones matriciales
A) DCA
DxC
1 1 1 1 23 23
2 2 3 4 12 12
3
1 1 0 0 0 17
0 0 2] = 𝐷𝐶 = 2 2
2 3
1 * [1 1 6
1 1
0 2 2 3 6 6
26
5 5 3 5 5
3 3
3 3 4 65 65
13
5
[7 1] [12 12 8]
4 6
DC x A

23 23 59 59
12 12
3 12 12
17 29 29
2 2 −1 −1
6 6 6
6 6
*[2 2 ] = 𝐷𝐶𝐴 = 44 44
17
5 5
6
1 1 15 15
65 65 161 161
[12 8] [ 12
12 12 ]

B) 4EA
1 −5 −6
𝐸=[ ]
4 0 −3
1 −5 −6 4 −20 −24
4𝐸 = 4 ∗ [ ]=[ ]
4 0 −3 16 0 −12
4E x A
−1 −1
4 −20 −24
4𝐸 = [ ] ∗ [2 2]
16 0 −12
1 1
−68 −68
4𝐸𝐴 [ ]
−28 −28
Problema 5
Dadas las siguientes matrices calcule su determinante.
1 1 1
|𝐴| = [ 4 5 9]
16 25 85
|A|= 405 + 144 + 100 – (80 + 225 + 324)
|A|= 649 – 629 |A|= 20

3 4 −5
|B| = [ 8 7 −2]
2 −1 8
|B|= 168 - 16 + 40 - (-70 + 6 + 256)
|B|= 192 - 192
|B|= 0

1 5 25
|C| = [1 7 49]
1 8 64
|C|= 448 +245 + 200 – (175 + 392 + 320)
|C|= 893 - 887
|C|= 6
 1 4 −3 1
|𝐷| = [ 3 0 6 3]
−2 −1 2 5
−1 0 2 4
0 6 3 4 −3 1 4 −3 1
+1 |−1 2 5| − 3 |−1 2 5| − 2 |0 6 3|
0 2 4 0 2 4 0 2 4
4 −3 1
− (−1) | 0 6 3|
−1 2 5
(1)40 = 40 (-3)(-35)=105 (-2)(71)= -142 - (-1)( 109) = 109
|D|=40 + 105 – 142 + 109
|D|=112

4 2 3 4
|𝐸| = [ 0 3 2 1]
3 2 1 4
−2 1 4 3
3 2 1 2 3 4 2 3 4 2 3 4
2 1 4 2 1 4 3 2 1 3 2 1
|
+4 |1 4 3|| − 0 ||1 4 | |
3| 3 |1 4 3|| − (−2) |2 1 4||
|
3 2 1 2 3 4 2 3 4 2 3 4
2 1 4 2 1 4 3 2 1 3 2 1
(4)(-42)=-168 (-0)(-4)=0 (3)20=60 -(-2)-20=-18
|E|= -168 + 0 + 60 - 18
|E|= -126
Problema 6
Encuentre la inversa de la matriz (si esta existe)
−2 2 3
𝐴 = [ 1 −1 0]
0 1 4

−2 2 3 −2 1 0
1 −1 0 𝐴𝑡= [2 −1 1]
[𝐴] = 0 1 4 3 0 4
−2 2 3
[ 1 −1 0] −4 −5 3
𝑡
𝐴𝑑𝑗[𝐴 ] = [−4 −8 3]
[𝐴 ] = 8 + 3 − 8 1 2 0
[𝐴 ] = 3 4 5
−3 −3 1
4 8
𝐴−1 = − 3 −3 1
1 2
[ 0]
3 3

1 1 1
𝐵 = [3 5 4]
3 6 5
1 1 1 1 3 3
𝑡
3 5 4 𝐵 = [1 5 6 ]
[𝐵 ] = 3 6 5 1 4 5
1 1 1 1 1 −1
[3 5 𝑡
4] 𝐴𝑑𝑗[𝐵 ] = [−3 2 −1]
[𝐵 ] = 1 3 3 2
1 1 −1
𝐵 −1 = [−3 2 −1]
3 3 2
 1 0 0
𝐶 = [3 4 0]
2 5 5
1 0 0 1 3 2
3 4 0 𝑡
𝐶 = [0 4 5]
[𝐶] = 2 5 5 0 0 5
1 0 0
[3 4 0] 20 0 0
𝑡
𝐴𝑑𝑗[𝐶 ] = [−15 5 0]
[𝐶] = 20 7 −5 4
1 0 0
3 1
−1
𝐶 =[ 4 − 0]
4
7 1 1
−4
20 5

Problema 7
Use el método de Gauss-Jordan para resolver cada uno de los
siguientes sistemas de ecuaciones lineales.

3𝑥 +𝑦 +𝑧 =2 3 1 1 2 1 0 2 3
𝑎) {2𝑥 +𝑦 −7 = −1 (2 1 −1 −1 𝐹1 ↔ 𝐹3 (2 1 −1 −1
𝑥 +2𝑧 =3 1 0 2 3 3 1 1 2

𝐹2 − 2𝐹1 → 𝐹2 1 0 2 3 1 0 2 3
𝐹3 − 𝐹2 (0 1 −5 −7
→ 𝐹3 0 1 −5 −7
𝐹3 + 3𝐹1
0 1 −5 −7 0 0 0 0

−3𝑥 +𝑦 −2𝑧 =0 −3 1 −2 0 1 5 6 4
𝑏) 2𝑥
{ +7𝑦 +9𝑧 =5 (2 7 9 5 𝐹1 ↔ 𝐹3 ( 2 7 9 5
𝑥 +5𝑦 +6𝑧 =4 1 5 6 4 −3 1 −2 0

𝐹2 − 2𝐹1 → 𝐹2 1 5 6 4 𝐹2 1 5 6 4
(0 −3 −3 −3 → 𝐹2 0 1 1 1
𝐹3 + 3𝐹1 → 𝐹3 −3
0 16 16 4 0 16 16 12
1 5 6 4
𝐹3 − 16𝐹2 → 𝐹3 (0 1 1 1
0 0 0 4
 𝑥 −2𝑦 +3𝑧 −𝑤 = 10 1 −2 3 −1 10
−𝑥 +𝑦 −𝑧 +2𝑤 =2 −1 1 −1 2 2
𝑐) { (
3𝑥 +5𝑦 −2𝑧 +𝑤 = −9 3 5 −2 1 −9
2𝑥 −𝑦 +5𝑧 −3𝑤 =3 −2 −1 5 −3 3

𝐹2 + 𝐹1 → 𝐹2 1 0 −1 −3 14 1 0 −1 −3 14
𝐹1 − 3𝐹1 → 𝐹3 (0 −1 2 1 12 𝐹3 ↔ 𝐹4 ( 0 −1 2 1 −12
0 0 11 15 93 0 0 1 −10 −37
𝐹2 + 2𝐹1 → 𝐹4
0 0 1 −10 −37 0 0 0 1 4
1 𝑂 −1 −3 −14
𝐹4 − 11𝐹3 (0 −1 2 1 12
0 0 1 −10 −37
0 0 0 125 500

1 0 −1 −3 −14 𝐹3 + 10𝐹4 → 𝐹3 1 0 −1 0 −2
𝐹4
→ 𝐹4 (0 −1 2 1 12 𝐹1 + 3𝐹4 → 𝐹1 (0 −1 2 0 8
125 0 0 1 −10 −37 0 0 1 0 3
𝐹2 − 𝐹4 → 𝐹2
0 0 0 1 4 0 0 0 1 4

1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1
𝐹2 − 2𝐹3 → 𝐹2 0 −1 0 0 2
( 𝐹2 𝐹1 → 𝐹2 (0 1 0 0 −2
𝐹1 + 𝐹3 → 𝐹3 0 0 1 0 3 0 0 1 0 3
0 0 0 1 4 0 0 0 1 4

Problema 8
A)Diagonalice las matrices siguientes:
−1 4 −2
[−3 4 0 ]
−3 1 3

𝐴 = 𝑃𝐷 ∗ 𝑃 −1
2 1
1
3 4 1 0 0 3 −5 3
3 [0 2 0] [−3 9 −6]
1 1
4 0 0 3 0 −4 4
[1 1 1]
Se multiplica por 𝜆
−1 − 𝜆 4 −2
[ −3 4−𝜆 0 ]
−3 1 3−𝜆
−𝜆3 + 6𝜆2 − 11𝜆 + 6
(𝜆 − 1)(𝜆2 − 5𝜆 + 6)
(𝜆 − 1)(𝜆 − 2)(𝜆 − 3) = 0
𝜆=1 𝜆=2 𝜆=3
Verctores propios
𝜆=1
Por método de Gaus
𝑥1 − 𝑥2 = 0 𝑥1 = 𝑥3
1
𝑥2 − 𝑥3 = 0 𝑥2 = 𝑥3 𝑣𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 1 ⟶ 𝑥3 = 1 (1)
1
𝑥3 = 𝑥3

𝜆=2
Por método de Gaus
2
𝑥1 − 3 ∗ 𝑥3 = 0 𝑥2 = 𝑥3
2
2 3
𝑥2 − 𝑥3 = 0 𝑥1 = 3 ∗ 𝑥3 𝑥3 = 1 (1)
1
𝑥3 = 𝑥3
𝜆=3
Por método de Gaus
 1 1
𝑥1 − 𝑥3 = 0 𝑥1 = 𝑥3
4 4
1

3 3 4
𝑥2 − 4 𝑥3 = 0 𝑥2 = 4 𝑥3 𝑥3 = 1 (3)
4
1
𝑥3 = 𝑥3
Matriz diagonal
1 0 0
𝐷 = [0 2 0 ]
0 0 3
Vectores propios
4 1
1 3 −5 3
3 4
𝑝 = [1 1 ⟶ 3] 𝑃−1 [ −3 9 −6]
4 0 −4 4
1 1 1

B) Diagonalice las matrices siguientes:

4 2 2
[2 4 2]
2 2 4
1 1 1
1 −1 −1 8 0 0 3 3 3
1 2 1
[1 1 0 ] [0 2 0] − 3 3
−3
1 0 1 0 0 2 1 1 2
−
[ 3 − ]
3 3

Matriz diagonal
1 0 0
[0 2 0 ]
0 0 3
C) Diagonalice las matrices siguientes:
−7 −16 4
𝐶=[ 6 13 −2]
12 16 1

−7 − 𝜆 −16 4
[ 6 13 − 𝜆 −2 ]
12 16 1−𝜆
(−7 − 𝜆)[(13 − 𝜆)(1 − 𝜆) − (16)(−2)] + 16[6(1 − 𝜆) − 12(−2)] + 4[6(16) − 12(13 − 𝜆)]

−𝜆3 + 7𝜆2 + 5𝜆 − 75
−(𝜆 + 3)(𝜆2 − 10𝜆 + 25)
−(𝜆 + 3)(𝜆 − 5)2 = 0
𝜆 = −3 𝜆 = 5

𝜆 = −3
−1
−4 −16 4 𝑎 0 1
[6 16 −2] [𝑏 ] = (0) 𝑉1 = ( )
12 16 4 𝑐 0 2
1

𝜆=5
4 1
−12 −16 4 𝑎 0 −
[ 6 8 −2] [𝑏 ] = (0) 𝑉2 = ( 3) 𝑉3 = (3)
1 0
12 16 −4 𝑐 0
0 1
Formamos las matrices P y D
4 1
−1 − −3 0 0
3 3
𝑃= 1 𝐷 = [ 0 5 0]
1 0 0 0 5
2
[1 0 1]

Calculamos P −1
4 1
−1 − 3 31 0 0
−1 |0
𝑃 = 1 1 0
1 0
2 0 0 1
{1 0 1 }

3 1
− −2
1 0 0 2 2
| 3 1
𝑃−1 = 0 1 0 2 −
| 4 4
0 0 1 3 1
2
{ 2 2 }