Exercise 2.1.

2 :

a. [ 35 21 10]−5[ 31 0−1−22]=[ 35 21 10]−[ 155 −5 10 ] [ 0

0 −10
=
6 −10 ]
−12 2 11

b . 3 [ ] −5 [ ] + 7 [ ]=[ ] −[ ]+ [ ] =[
−1 −3 10 −7 −20 ]
3 6 1 9 30 7 −14
−1 2

c. [
3 2 ] [ 0 −1 ] [ −1 −2 ] [ 3 2 ] [ 0 −4 ] [−3 −6 ] [ 0 0 ]
−2 1 1 −2 2 −3 −2 1 4 −8 6 −9 0 0
−4 +3 = − + = =0

d. [ 3 −1 2 ] −2 [ 9 3 4 ] + [ 3 11 −6 ]
¿ [ 3 −1 2 ] −[ 18 6 8 ] + [ 3 11 −6 ]= [−12 4 −12 ]

[ ]
1 2

[ ]
T
1 −5 4 0 −5 1
e. =
2 1 0 6 4 0
0 6

[ ][ ]
T
0 −1 2 0 1 −2
f. 1 0 −4 = −1 0 4
−2 4 0 2 −4 0

[ ] [ ] [ ] [ ][ ][ ][ ]
T
3 −1 1 −2 3 −1 1 1 3 −1 2 2 1 −3
g. −2 = −2 = − =
2 1 1 1 2 1 −2 1 2 1 −4 2 6 −1

h. 3 [
−1 0 ]
−2 [
2 3 ] [ 1 0 ] [ 2 3 ] [ 3 0 ] [ 4 6 ] [ −1 −6 ]
T
2 1 1 −1 2 −1 1 −1 6 −3 2 −2 4 −1
=3 −2 = − =

Exercise 2.1.15 :

[ ]
2 1
( [ ])
T
1 −1 0
a. A+3 =0 5
1 2 4
3 8

=> A+3( [ 11 −12 04])=[ 21 05 38]

=> A = [
1 5 8 ] [ 3 6 12 ] [−2 ]
2 0 3 − 3 −3 0 = −1 3 3
−1 −4

b. ( 3 A + 2 [ ] [
0 2) 3 1]
T
T1 0 8 0
=

=> 3 A + 2 [
0 2] [ 0 1]
1 0=8 3
T
=> 3 A = [ ][ ][
T 8 3 2 0
−
0 1 0 4
=
6 3
0 −3 ]
=> A =[
0 −1 ]
2 1
T

=> A = [
1 −1 ]
2 0

T T
c. ( 2 A−3 [ 1 2 0 ] ) =3 A T + [ 2 1 −1 ]

[] [ ]
1 2
T T
=> 2 A −3 2 =3 A + 1
0 −1

[][ ][ ]
3 2 −5
T
=> A =− 6 − 1 = −7
0 −1 1

=> A = [ −5 −7 1 ]

( [ ]) =4 A−9[−11 10]
T
T 1 0
d. 2 A −5
−1 2

=> 2 A−5 [
0 2 ]
=4 A−[
−9 0 ]
1 −1 9 9

=> 2 A=[
−9 0 ] [ 0 10 ] [ −9 −10 ]
9 9 5 −5 4 14
− =

=> A=[
−9 /2 −5 ]
2 7

Exercise 2.3.1 :

a. [ 10 −23 ][ 20 −11 ]=[ 20 −22 ]

][ ][
2 3 1
b. [ 1 −1 2
2 0 4
1 9 7=
−1 0 2
−1 −6 −2
0 6 10 ]
][ ][
3
c. [ 5 0 −7
1 5 9
1 =
−1
22
−1 ]
 [ ]
3 0
d. [ 1 3 −3 ] −2 1 =[ −3 −15 ]
0 6

[ ][ ] [ ]
1 0 0 3 −2 3 −2
e. 0 1 0 5 −7 = 5 −7
0 0 1 9 7 9 7

[]
2
f. [ 1 −1 3 ] 1 = [−23 ]
−8

[] [ ]
2 2 −2 6
g. 1 [ 1 −1 3 ] = 1 −1 3
−7 −7 7 −21

h. [ 35 12][−52 −13 ]=[ 10 01]

][ ][
a 0 0
i. [ 2 3 1
5 7 4
0 b 0=
0 0 c
2a 3b c
5a 7b 4c ]

[ ][ ] [ ]
a 0 0 a' 0 0 aa ' 0 0
j. 0 b 0 0 b ' 0 = 0 bb ' 0
0 0 c 0 0 c' 0 0 cc '

Exercise 2.3.3 :

[
a b
a. a b
1 1
][ ] [ ]3 −5
−1 2
=¿
1 −1
2 0

a b
=> a b
1 1
[ ] [ ][ ] [
3 −5 2 5
−1 2 1 3
=¿
1 −1
2 0 ] [ 21 53]
a b
[ ] [ ]
1 2
=> a b I = 4 10
1 1

a b
[ ][ ]
1 2
=> a b = 4 10
1 1

=> a = 1, b = 2, a 1= 4, b 1 = 10.

[
2 1 a b
][7 2
b. −1 2 a b = −1 4
1 1
][ ]
 [ ][ ][
1 2 −1 2 1 a b 1 2 −1 7 2
=> 5 1 2 −1 2 a b = 5 1 2 −1 4
1 1
] [ ][ ]
[
a b 1 15 0
=> I a b = 5 5 10
1 1
] [ ]
a b
[
=> a b =
1 1
3 0
1 2 ] [ ]
=> a = 3, b = 0, a 1= 1, b 1 = 2.

Exercise 2.3.4 :

a. A2=¿
3 −1
0 −2 [
] [ 30 −2 ] [0 4 ]
−1 = 9 −1

=> A − A−6 I =[
0 4 ] [ 0 −2 ] [ 0 1 ] [ 0 0 ]
2 9 −1 − 3 −1 −6 1 0 = 0 0

=> A2− A−6 I =0

[ 22 −12 ][22 −12 ]=[ 82 52]

b. A =
2

=> A − A−6 I =[ ] −[ ]−6 [

0 1] [ 0 0]
2 8 2 2 2 1 0 0 0
=
2 5 2 −1

=> A2− A−6 I =0

Exercise 2.4.1:

a. [ 31 52][−12 −53 ]=[ 10 01] = I

[−12 −53 ][ 31 52]=[ 10 01]=¿I
=> The matrices are inverses of each other
b. (câu này em thấy sai sai)

[ 31 −40 ] 12 [ 41 −30 ]= 12 [ 120 120 ]=[ 60 06]=¿I

2 [ 1 −3 ][ 1 −4 ] 2 [ 0 12 ] [ 0 6 ]
1 4 0 3 0 1 12 0 6 0
= = =¿ I

=> The matrices are inverses of each other

 [ ][ ][ ]
1 2 0 7 2 −6 1 0 0
c. 0 2 3 −3 −1 3 = 0 1 0 = I
1 3 1 2 1 −2 0 0 1

[ ][ ] [ ]
7 2 −6 1 2 0 1 0 0
−3 −1 3 0 2 3 = 0 1 0 = I
2 1 −2 1 3 1 0 0 1

=> The matrices are inverses of each other

d. [ 30 50][ 1/30 1/50 ]=[10 01]=¿I

[ 1/30 1/50 ][30 05]=[10 01]=¿I
=> The matrices are inverses of each other