MYP- YEAR: 5

SUBJECT: Mathematics
Revision Sheet

Name: Class/Section: Date:

Command Terms:
 Apply mathematical problem-solving techniques to discover complex patterns
 Describe and Generalize patterns as general rules consistent with findings
 Verify - Provide evidence that validates the result
 Justify- Give valid reasons or evidence to support an answer or conclusion
 Use appropriate mathematical language (notation, symbols and terminology) in written
explanations
 Use appropriate forms of mathematical representation to present information

Task 1

Sarah and Jacob are playing a game of badminton in which a player win if he/she scores two
consecutive points.
The probability of Sarah winning a point is x and probability of Jacob winning a point is y .
For example: if Sarah wants to win the game after 4 points, the rally would be: (WLWW) where W
represent win and L represent lose.
Based on the given situation above, complete the following table for winning of Sarah:

Number of Rally Type Probability(p)

rallies(n)
2 WW x2
3 LWW x2y
4 WLWW x3y
5 LWLWW x3y2
6 WLWLWW x4y2
7 LWLWLWW x4y3

 Describe a relationship between x and y.

x and y are complementary events.

PSG/MYP-5/CAROUSEL PLANNING/ CRITERION B AND C/2021-22

  Generalize mathematically the relationship between x and y.

x+y=1

 If the probability of Sarah winning a point is 0.6, Show that the probability of winning the game
in 5 or less than 5 rallies is approximately 0.625.

Probability of Sarah winning a point = x = 0.6

Probability of Jacob winning a point = y = 1 – x = 1 – 0.6 = 0.4

Probability of Sarah winning the game in 2 = x2 = (0.6)2 = 0.36

Probability of Sarah winning the game in 3 = x2y = (0.6)2(0.4) = 0.144
Probability of Sarah winning the game in 4 = x3y = (0.6)3(0.4) = 0.0864
Probability of Sarah winning the game in 5 = x3y2 = (0.6)3(0.4)2 ≈ 0.03456

Probability of Sarah winning the game in 5 or less than 5 = 0.36 + 0.144 + 0.0864 + 0.03456 =
0.62496 ≈ 0.625

 Comment on the probability of Sarah winning the game if number of rallies increases.

If the number of rallies increases, the probability of Sarah winning decreases.

Task 2:
It is now given that the probability of Sarah and Jacob winning the point is same, i.e. a = b.
Based on this, and the previous information given in task 2, write a report on the following parameters:

Number of Rally Type Probability(p)

rallies(n)
2 WW 0.25
3 LWW 0.125
4 WLWW 0.0625
5 LWLWW 0.03125
6 WLWLWW 0.015625
7 LWLWLWW 0.0078125

 Predict the missing values in the table above.

PSG/MYP-5/CAROUSEL PLANNING/ CRITERION B AND C/2021-22

  Describe the pattern formed by p.

p follows a geometric progression with the common ratio of 0.5.

 Generalize the rule formed by p in terms of n.

p = 0.5n n>1

 Test and Verify the rule for p.

Test:

Let n = 3,

Using the general rule, the probability of Sarah winning the game would be:
p = 0.53
p = 0.125

Since the value obtained from the general rule is equal to the given value of p, therefore, the
rule has been successfully tested.

Verify:

Let n = 4:

Using the general rule, the probability of Sarah winning the game would be:
p = 0.54
p = 0.0625

This can be verified by predicting the value through the trends in the table. Since the value of p
increases by 0.5 times the previous value of p, therefore, it would be: 0.125 x 0.5 = 0.0625.

Since the value obtained from the general rule is equal to the value obtained using the table’s
trends, therefore, the rule has been successfully verified.

 Justify if the probability of Sarah or Jacob winning the game after 10 rallies is 0.0009765625.

Number of rallies (n) = 10 rallies

General rule: p = 0.5n

Probability of Sarah or Jacob winning the game after 10 rallies (p) = 0.5 10 = 0.0009765625

PSG/MYP-5/CAROUSEL PLANNING/ CRITERION B AND C/2021-22

(Level up)
Task 3:
Instead of playing badminton, now Sarah and Jacob play the game of rifle shooting. They shoot
alternatively, Sarah starts the game. The probability of Sarah hitting the target is 0.8 and that of Jacob is
0.6. The one who hits the target first wins.

The below table evaluate the probability of Sarah WINNING under various rounds:
H: represent hitting the target
M: represent missing the target.

Round no(n) Case type Probability

1 H 0.8
2 MM 0.2 x 0.4
3 MMH 0.2 x 0.4 x 0.8
4 MMMM 0.2 x 0.4 x 0.2 x 0.4
5 MMMMH 0.2 x 0.4 x 0.2 x 0.4 x 0.8
6 MMMMMM 0.2 x 0.4 x 0.2 x 0.4 x 0.2 x 0.4
7 MMMMMMH 0.2 x 0.4 x 0.2 x 0.4 x 0.2 x 0.4 x 0.8

 Generalize the round number at which Sarah wins.

n = 2x – 1 x = xth time Sarah wins

 Justify that the probability of Sarah winning the game is approximately 0.82

Probability of Sarah winning in round 1 = 0.8

Probability of Sarah winning in round 3 = 0.2 x 0.4 x 0.8 = 0.064
Probability of Sarah winning in round 5 = 0.2 x 0.4 x 0.2 x 0.4 x 0.8 = 0.00512
Probability of Sarah winning in round 7 = 0.2 x 0.4 x 0.2 x 0.4 x 0.2 x 0.4 x 0.8 = 0.0004096

Probability of Sarah winning the game = 0.8 + 0.064 + 0.00512 + 0.0004096 ≈ 0.87

The probability of Sarah winning the game should be approximately 0.87.

PSG/MYP-5/CAROUSEL PLANNING/ CRITERION B AND C/2021-22