Islamic studies notes

Lecture 2

Islam: lafzi maani, istilahi maani, sharai maani

Definition by various scholors
Salient features of islam:
1: tauheed

2: prophethood: aqeeda e risalat

Finality of prophethood

3: way of life: sunnah

As a teacher: verily i have been sent as a teacher for mankind 33:21

4: straight path: guide by prophet

Establish your prayer 700 times... no method in quran ( look at prophet)
Quran is rule, prophet is example
4: islam is a complete code of guide: guide in every aspect of life
A: As individual: from birth then upbringing ( mother: family: society: mosque)
Character building
Education 39:9 (educated and noneducated cannot be equal)
Way of livelihood (hasool halal rizq ibadat ha)
Guidance in family life: (husband wife, parents children, relatives
B:As collective life: how to live in society, neighours rights, our political life
Juda ho deen siyasat se, to bach jati ha changeezi
Guide financial system
Kis se zakat leni ha, kaisi leni ha kisi deni ha
Judicial system: court system, jugde rule
Public administration: how to run state,
Global affairs: forign policy of islamic state, diplomatic rules
5: islam and humanity:
What is humanity? And how islam speaks for humanity?
According to cambridge dictionary: qualities and attributes of loving, care, empathy for others
and fulfilment of human rights
Animal rights
Environmental protection
Abdul sattar eidhi
Mother teresa (culcutta: made orphanage home)
Martin luther king
Gandhi
Dr ruth pao ( german dr - worked for leprosy)
Bill gates
Ratan tata
Gotham budh (icon of humanity) (book name tripitaka (gospel of bhudda)- 10 famous
commandment
First good character building

How islam speaks for humanity

1: character building:
The best among the believers are those who are best in character- hadith
The most disliked person on the day of judgement before god will be people started boycotting
him judt bcz of his abusive language- hadith
2: welfare of people:
Dr.wasiullah M. Abbas wrote key features of islam- beauty of islam is sadqa jariya
3: human rights:
Verse 5:32 to kill one person is killing all humanity and vice versa
Farewell sermon of prophet: khutba hudjat ul widah- women rights, human rights
End of racism, end of nationalism
4: medical services: hadith qudsi: most sacred form of hadith, words of Allah, but not quran,
Allah us se naraz hota ha jo beemar ki ayadat ko nhi jata
5: animal rights: prophet repremonded a person bcz his camel was thirsty
6: environment protection: planting a green tree is best charity
During war cutting trees is crime
Do not waste a single drop of water even you are at stream
7: establishment of orphanages
Dalai lama said: if u want to learn humanity look at the orphange of makkah who made madina
state which was the custudian of orphanages

Islam:
Religion: latin word religio or religare
Contextual meaning: 1: subjugation of a supernatural power, deity or god
2: to find ones own roots

Def by scholars
Edward tylor: spiritualism ( belief in soul, angels etc)
Emile durkheim: practice certain faiths relate to God
Dr israr ahmad: !- faiths 2-rituals 3-social functions

Deen:
Literal meaning: to attain supermacy on dominion status( ghalba ya bulandi)
Contexual meaning: complete code of life
Shari meaning: 4 points
- to admit soveirinity of Allah
- to follow his commandments
- islamic jurispondence: follow rules of islam
- belief in reward and punishment
According to dr israr ahmad
1- Beliefs
2- Rituals
3- Social functions
4- Social system
5- Political and financial system
6- Justice

We can say religion is a part of deen

Religion deals with individual life

Deen deals with individual and collective life

Relation b/w human and God is called religion

Deen: haqooq ullla and haqooq ul ibad
Religion is man made

religion deen
Faiths faith
rituals rituals
Social functions Social functions
Social system
Political and financial system
justice
Individual life collective
Man- God Man-man

Need of religion/deen in modern age

Individual life:
satisfiction of soul 13:28
Prevent suicide nisa/bakra
Hope (beshak har mushkil k sath asani ha)
Courage