Comparing Textbook vs. E-Learning Effectiveness

COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TEXTBOOK AND
ELECTRONIC LEARNINGSABILITY
A Thesis
Presented To
The Faculty of the POSenior High School University of Perpetual Help System
- GMA San Gabriel, General Mariano Alvarez, Cavite
In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Subject
Inquiries, Investigation, and Immersion
By
Albino, Alyza Joy A.

Andaya, Jewel Allyson S.
Boqueo, Melody D.
Castillon, Aldren B.
Dayao, Jayvee V.
Lomarda, Adam Joshua A.
Martinez, Nephtali Jahzeel R.
Tayson, Shaina Vanessa C.
March 2020
RECOMMENDATION FOR ORAL EXAMINATION
This thesis entitled “Comparison in the Effectiveness of Textbook and Electronic

Learning” prepared and submitted by Alyza Joy A. Albino, Jewel Allyson S. Andaya, Melody
D. Boqueo, Aldren B. Castillon, Jayvee V. Dayao, Adam Joshua A. Lomarda, Nephtali
Jahzeel R. Martinez, and Shaina Vanessa C. Tayson, in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the subject Inquiries, Investigation and Immersion has been examined and is
recommended for Oral Examination.
_____________________________
Natasha Nicole N. Tindan
Adviser
APPROVAL BY THE PANEL OF EXAMINERS

Approved by the panel on Oral Examination with the grade of__________
Thesis Committee:
______________________________
Arche R. Tudtod, MAF
Chairman
_____________________________ _____________________________
Harvey Q. Macha Aira A. Lucañas
Member Member
______________________________________________________________________________
FINAL APPROVAL
Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the subject
Inquiries, Investigation, and Immersion.
___________________________
Dante F. Ferranco, MAEd
Academic Coordinator, Senior High School
ii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Having a successful research project is a great pleasure for the researchers. Yet all these
will not have been possible if not for hard work, persistence, and cooperation among the
researchers. They would like to extend our sincerest appreciation to the following people who
helped us accomplish the research paper. The following are the people who contributed much to
the success of this endeavor.
Ms. Natasha Nicole N. Tindan, the research adviser, for showing a great deal of
patience, for sharing all her ideas and knowledge, and unending support throughout the making
of the research.
Ms. Melody P. Racelis, class adviser, for giving advice, motivation to the researchers as
well as allowing the researchers to conduct this study during her class and who wholeheartedly
share her insights and wisdom from the selection of respondents and calculations to data
gathering and interpretation for the improvement of the study;
Maria Ella F. Gozano for her encouraging insights and shared opinions that helped the
researchers pursue better results.
The respondents of the study, for their time and cooperation made the procurement of
data possible.
To the family of the researchers, for their moral and financial support along with their
valuable suggestions and guidance that have been helpful in the completion of the study.
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The researchers would also like to give tribute to themselves for a job well done. They are
glad to share this fruit of hardships with the upcoming students to inspire them that in the end,
everything will be worth it.
Above all, to the Almighty God for bestowing the researchers' wisdom, patience, and
understanding together with His all-out guidance and amnesty.
A.J.A.A
J.A.S.A
M.D.B
A.B.C
J.V.D
A.J.A.L
N.J.R.M
S.V.C.T
iv
DEDICATION
We dedicate this research report affectionately to our dearest teacher, Ms. Natasha Nicole
Tindan for supporting, guiding, and leading us throughout the semester to accomplish this
research and becoming a great part of our journey towards success. Through hardship and
failure, she accompanied us with an optimistic attitude for us to have positive vibes all the time.
She showered us with the support that has put our confidence a lot higher than we expect it to be.
We dedicate this to God Almighty our creator, our strong pillar, our source of inspiration,
wisdom, knowledge, and understanding. He has been the source of our strength throughout this
project. We also dedicate this work to our parents who encouraged us all the way and whose
encouragement has made sure that we give it all to finish what we have started.
A.J.A.A
J.A.S.A
M.D.B
A.B.C
J.V.D
A.J.A.L
N.J.R.M
S.V.C.T
v
ABSTRACT
Title: Comparison of the Effectiveness of Textbook and Electronic Learning
Author: Alyza Joy A. Albino
Jewel Allyson S. Andaya
Melody D. Boqueo
Aldren B. Castillon
Jayvee V. Dayao
Adam Joshua A. Lomarda
Nephtali Jahzeel R. Martinez
Shaina Vanessa C. Tayson
Curriculum: Senior High School
School: University of Perpetual Help System – GMA Cavite
Academic 2019 – 2020

Year:
Adviser Ms. Natasha Nicole N. Tindan
No. of Pages 84
As a student, they need to know the better learning style for them to maximize their
learning potential. The researchers gathered references through textbooks, articles, and journals
to acquire knowledge. In this generation, using two different learning style which was electronic
learning and textbook. Realizing their favored learning style can build their adequacy in school
and can enhance their insight.
This study aims to determine the comparison of the effectiveness of textbooks and
electronic learning focusing on accessibility, cost, and acquisition of knowledge encountered by
Grade 11 Senior High School students. A total of one hundred (100) selected Grade 11 students
were taken as respondents of the study.
vi
The survey-questionnaire was the data-gathering instrument used. The T-test and
weighted mean were used in identifying the comparison between the effectiveness of textbooks
and electronic learning of selected respondents.
In particular, the research endeavored to answer the accompanying questions: (1) What was
the level of effectiveness of the textbook in terms of accessibility, cost, and acquisition of
knowledge? (2) What was the level of effectiveness of electronic learning in terms of accessibility,
cost, and acquisition of knowledge? (3) Is there a significant difference in the level of effectiveness
of textbooks and electronic learning in terms of accessibility, cost, and acquisition of knowledge?
Based on the results of the study, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) The level of
effectiveness of textbooks and electronic learning in terms of accessibility found out that
respondents find it easy to take down notes and they can scan easily and freely when using
textbooks than electronic learning. (2) The cost of electronic learning and textbook was the same
which means that there was no significant difference between the two learning styles. (3) The
acquisition of knowledge both textbooks and electronic learning was difficult to use when
talking up lessons. (4) Based on the other research, they found out that the respondents’ opinions
about the use of electronic learning were significantly positive. In addition to the benefits of
being functional design and easy to carry. While in this study it was found out the respondents
are having a hard time in bring the textbook and electronic learning, and they have a big
difference in terms of acquisition of knowledge. (5) This study showed that there was a
significant difference between the level of effectiveness of textbooks and electronic learning in
terms of accessibility and acquisition of knowledge but there was no significant difference
between the level of effectiveness of textbooks and electronic learning in terms of cost.
Keywords: Effectiveness, Textbook, Electronic Learning, Accessibility, Cost, Acquisition

of Knowledge
vii
Chapter 1
THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING
Introduction
Students of all generations are equipped in the field of schooling to learn and make their
mark with books and writing materials. But the development of fresh technology has altered the
way the classroom lives as time changes. It has always altered student teaching norms thanks to
touchscreens. This was a study that shows the comparison of textbook and electronic learning.
The textbook was one of the many instruments used for teaching in the greater education
classroom. The textbook was central to class speech in certain lessons. Also, the text functions as
a guide for selecting the subjects covered in other classes. Regardless of the role of the
professors in the course, teachers and learners regard the textbook as an important teaching
instrument and the nature of the textbook changes in this digital era. Eighty percent of learners at
school and college have laptops and more purchase tablets, intelligent phones, and other hand-
held devices are used (Smith & Caruso, 2010). Due to the increasing use of mobile devices,
publishers offer an increase in the number of digital textbooks.
Since the origin of tablets within the 21st century, education has never been constant as
before, once one might simply transfer a PDF file of an exact book for his or her category rather
than shopping for or borrowing the book. One may merely take footage of the room board rather
than taking down notes. The probabilities area unit endless; but the utilization of gadgets
throughout category hours was usually frowned upon by most universities, as a result of conduct
problems within the room and harum-scarum use of the students’ gadgets. Tablets could facilitate 1
students improve their performance within the room, however, was it a necessary substitute from
the quaint paper-and-ball pen vogue being employed decades ago?
The most probable individuals who use electronic textbooks are mainly present
students in the Generation Y age group. Generation Y's perception was that they are "wanting"
and "wanting to" and that they are continually linked by technology. Although Generation Y
was comfortable using the technology it was renowned for its technological know-how, it has
not grown up in college with its use.
This absence of technology used for educational purposes may have led to college
learners hesitating to adopt e-textbooks today, although e-textbooks have several benefits
compared to traditional printed textbooks.
Even though the technology was a trend in this generation a lot of students still prefer the
physical textbook. Some researchers researched what was more used or more preferred by the
students and the result says that printed text was more used because they find it more convenient
than the digital textbook. This study will focus on the comparison of the effectiveness of textbook
and electronic learning of senior high school students at the University of Perpetual Help System
GMA Campus. The researchers want to know if it was more comfortable for the respondents to
use the textbook or electronic learning. Through this research, the researchers were able to
determine the comparison of the effectiveness of textbook and electronic learning.
2
Theoretical Framework
This portion discusses the theory that will provide the foundation of the study. Thus, the
researchers will discuss Humanism Learning Theory propounded by Carl Rogers and Abraham
Maslow (1960). The principal aim of this study was to know the comparison of the effectiveness
of textbooks and electronic learning. It was a theory that approaches education through learning.
In this theory, everyone has a unique way of learning and has a different desire to grow
individually. Learners should have more control over the learning process, which should be
based on observing and exploring. The theory began in the 1960s it focused on a person's
dignity, freedom, and potential. Humanists hold the belief that all people are inherently good and
possess unlimited potential for their personal growth and development. A purpose of humanism
was the development of people who become self-actualized. Learning was student-centered and
very personalized according to everyone.
This study was anchored on the Humanism learning theory proposed by Huitt (2001) which
expounds the relationship between the comparison of textbooks and electronic learning study. This
study was discussing two learning types, the printed textbook, and the electronic learning textbook.
Humanism was a paradigm that emerged in the 1960s, focuses on human freedom, dignity, and
potential. This contrasts with the behaviorist notion of operant conditioning and the cognitive
psychologist's belief that discovering knowledge or constructing meaning was central to learning.
3
Operational Framework
The figure shows the operational model showing the relationship between the two
variables which are the textbook and electronic learning. The most preferred learning style will
be based on the concept that involves learning through watching the behavior of others and what
results from the behavior. To decide which of these learning instruments was most beneficial to
the modern learner, it was vital to understand the connection and the good aspects.
Effectiveness of Textbook Effectiveness of Electronic Learning

 
Accessibility Accessibility
 
Cost Cost
 
Acquisition of Knowledge Acquisition of Knowledge
Figure 1. Model of the Operational Framework
The figure shown above includes the factors that will help the researchers to determine
the effectiveness between the two variables which are the textbook and electronic learning.
Those are the accessibility, cost and acquisition of knowledge obtained from the utilization of the
said two learning material. Upon measuring the level of effectiveness of the tow the relationship
between them will also be identified.
4
Statement of the Problem
This study aims to determine the comparison of the effectiveness of textbooks and
electronic learning. Specifically, this study sought to answer the following questions:
1. What was the level of effectiveness of the textbook in terms
of: 1.1. Accessibility
1.2. Cost; and
1.3. Acquisition of knowledge
2. What was the level of effectiveness of electronic learning in terms
of: 2.1. Accessibility
2.2. Cost; and
2.3. Acquisition of knowledge
3. Is there a significant difference in the level of effectiveness of textbook and electronic
learning in terms of:
3.1 Accessibility
3.2 Cost; and
3.3 Acquisition of knowledge
Hypothesis of the Study
The following hypothesis was the tentative answers to the research problems:
Ho = There was no significant difference in the level of effectiveness of textbooks and
electronic learning in terms of accessibility, cost, and acquisition of knowledge.
5
Assumption of the Study
The researcher based this study on the following assumptions:
1. Electronic learning was the new trend in the academe.
2. The level of effectiveness of textbooks and electronic learning may vary depending
on the user.
3. The respondents are honest and objective in answering the questionnaire.
Scope and Delimitation
This research focused on the comparison of the effectiveness of textbooks and electronic
learning. This involves a survey for those who are using the textbook and electronic learning. In
this the researchers’ measured the level of the effectiveness of textbook and electronic learning
in terms of three sub-factors which are accessibility, cost, and acquisition of knowledge This
study was conducted at the University of Perpetual Help System – GMA Campus during the
Academic Year of 2019 – 2020. The respondents of this study consisted of one hundred (100)
Grade 11 students enrolled in the University of Perpetual Help System GMA Campus. The
selection of the respondents was only limited since there was a lot of Grade 11 Students in
University of Perpetual Help System - GMA Campus.
6
Significance of the Study
This study entitled “Comparison of the Effectiveness of Textbook and Electronic
Learning” seeks to find benefits for the following:
This study can help students to be aware of better ways of improving their studies. The
study will make them aware of the various advantages and limitations of the two learning
instruments.
This study can help teachers so that their pupils succeed in their lessons, they will be
able to create new learning directions. This study should remind them that there are other
approaches, including going on a classroom website to build their projects, quizzes, and
assessments that allow students to be digitally successful with touch devices.
The study could be immensely beneficial to parents because the research was beneficial
for their children and the success of their children was also the success of them.
The findings of this study will provide future researchers with information that will
further enhance a study related to this topic. This study would serve as a guideline that can
provide an overview of the topic. Moreover, the data and results can strengthen the validity of
the facts and the standing of their study.
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Definition of Terms
For a better understanding of the discussions of this paper, the following terms are
defined both conceptually and operationally.
Academic Skills – Operationally, it was behavioral dimensions that students learn through
studying.
Accessibility- Operationally, it refers to the quality of being available when needed.
Acquisition of Knowledge - In this study, it was the process of absorbing and storing new
information in the memory, whose success was often measured by the latter's recall.
Comparison – In this study, it was the act of finding out the differences and similarities
between textbooks and electronic learning.
Cost - Operationally, it was an expenditure required to produce or sell a product or get an asset
ready for normal use.
Digital Textbooks – In this study, it was a digital book or e-book intended to serve as a class
text.
Electronic Learning – In this study, it was learning to utilize electronic technologies to access
educational curriculum outside of a traditional classroom
Learning – For this study, it was a method that ends up in modification that happens because
of expertise and will increase the potential for improved performance and future learning.
Perceived Effectiveness – In this study, it was defined as the subjective likelihood that a
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message will have a persuasive impact.
Physical Textbooks – In this study, it was a book that could be a stack of sometimes
rectangular pages minded with one edge tied, sewn, or otherwise mounted along and so sure to
the versatile spine of a protective covering of heavier, comparatively inflexible material.
Textbook Learning – Operationally, it was the traditional way of learning in the academe.
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Chapter 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
This chapter contains the data set from the various sources of literature and previous
studies conducted by different researches to give emphasis and support to the ideas and views
regarding the study.
The literature and studies cited in this chapter tackle the different concepts, understanding,
and ideas, generalization or conclusions, and different development related to study, which serves
as the researchers guide in developing the project. Those that were also included in this chapter
helps in familiarizing information that was relevant and like the present study.
State of the Art
The researchers’ conferred each local and foreign literature and studies to supply a
comprehensive background of the matter below study. Concepts, findings, theories, and
notions from erudite researches and articles conferred were fortified, negated, or improved by
the extra data that this study provided.
Books and their Significance
A book was several pieces of paper, usually with words printed on them, which are
fastened together and fixed inside a cover of stronger paper or cardboard. Books contain
information, stories, or poetry (Collins Dictionary). Single sheet at intervals a book was termed a
leaf and every facet of a leaf are termed a page. With the benefits, the pill offers to students,
several surprises if the standard book can depart associated get replaced by an electronic version.
Ancient books are scan anyplace and do not want for power, for a pc or pill, to scan them.
10
Readers understanding to mark the page they are reading, the way to take notes, and wherever
to search out or purchase them. No school manuals are required. Moreover, many of us merely
fancy the sensation of turning the page and holding a book in their hands.
According to Frolich and Michaclowa (2005), textbooks have proved to be an expensive
way to boost the performance of students. They studied the peer effects of African students’
books and found that book sharing, and information sharing have a very wide scope.
Advantages of Physical Textbooks over Digital Textbooks
In easy terms, there exist 2 faculties of thought on the topic of electronic texts. The
primary holds that paper was way superior and can never get replaced by screens. The
argument was often supported by reference either to the sort of reading situations that might
presently prove troublesome if not possible to support so-so with the textual matter, reading a
newspaper on the beach or a magazine in bed, or the distinctive tactile qualities of paper. The
latter facet was summed up showing neatness within the comment of Garland (1982) that
textual matter might have potential uses however "A book could be a book. A reassuring, feel-
the-weight, take-your-own-time quite a factor..." (Cited in Whaller 1987, p. 261).
Books have a cradle, your favorite books outline you, and digital versions do not appear to
impart connections that area unit quite as deep (Catone, 2013). The standard written book dates
back as early because the ninth century (Printed Books, 2010) and there are a unit lots of reasons
for its lasting existence and comparatively unchanged style over the centuries. renowned Italian
author Umberto Eco sums up accurately their everlasting nature: "Books belong to the type of
instruments that, once made-up, haven't been any improved as a result of they're already
11
okay, like the hammer, the knife, the spoon or scissors" (Eco, 2003). The fact that hardback animal
skin cases are designed for the iPad to mimic the texture and appearance of the associate antique
book verifies a reluctance to relinquish the shape of the normally written book.
Factors that Lead to Increases in Textbook Prices
Although many factors are affecting the cost of textbooks, the price of textbooks has
risen for two main reasons in recent years (GAO 2005). Next, the three-to four-year updating
period typical to many authors, whether the previous edition had to be revised, leads to shifts in
the price of textbooks. The explanation for this was that limited review periods, or more regular
updates, hinder students' ability to reduce their expenses by obtaining borrowed textbooks and
selling their textbooks back to bookshops at the end of the term.
The second reference to a substantial increase in the cost of textbooks was a more recent
trend, i.e. increased availability of supplementary instructional materials such as applications and
workbooks included in textbooks. In some cases, according to CALPIRG, a textbook was offered
both packaged and unbundled (only a textbook), and the bundled edition was more than twice as
expensive as the unbundled option of the same textbook. Publishers state that they have expanded
investments in the creation of resources, web-based lessons, and self-assessment devices, to satisfy
the increasing demands of teachers hoping to improve student learning (GAO 2005).
E-Books and Print Books: Early Exposure
Exposure to children’s literature with textual matter books and parental involvement has
been proven to guide to booming acquirement accomplishment rates in class from multiple
researchers and studies. Ihmeideh (2014) brings up the purpose that today’s young generation
12
of youngsters was being raised in a very digital-media world. Youngsters are exposed to multiple
types of technology a day. Dundar and Akcayir (2012) have found that the development of
technology cause youngsters desirous to access data through IPads and the net whereas reading.
Multiple types of technology for kids cause gap a door in education. Academics will currently
implement this technology into their lecture rooms. Youngsters will learn the way to use these new
technologies, adapt it into their daily routines, and experiment with it. One in all the foremost
common and capable tools that youngsters currently have access to was that the electronic book, or
usually referred to as, the eBook. Ihmeideh (n.d) defines that associate “eBook could be a text
regenerate into digital kind, a book in a very file format, or associate electronic file of words and
images” (p. 41). The distinction between an associate eBook associated with a print book was that
an eBook includes completely different types of animation, visual displays, narration, and
completely different sounds. These increased options enclosed in eBooks will cause higher
acquirement development and lower accomplishment gaps.
As kids begin reading or being exposed to reading, eBooks area unit a predominant tool for
them to possess access to because there was a rise within the child’s language, and it strengthens
their skill development. Korat and Shamir (2007) additionally believe this development with
technology can open new doors for kids and their skill action. Electronic books can permit kids to
make their word recognition, reading comprehension, vocabulary, and
descriptive linguistics awareness, all that area unit essential to become productive readers. The
focus on this literature review shows however eBooks area unit compared with print books. Print
books, albeit very important for a child's skill growth, lack options that electronic books possess.
So as for a parent to be able to with success act with their kid in mistreatment the eBook, the 13
parent should be fluently trained with the various mechanics and uses of the eBook. Penuel et
al. (2009) found that with direction and support from folks that used eBooks with their kids,
language, and skill outcomes (letter recognition, descriptive linguistics awareness, reading
comprehension, vocabulary building) all augmented.
E-book Strategy: Impacts and Behaviors Strategy
It has been placed within the following studies that electronic books are also a dynamic
device inside the classroom as they supply children with authentic options to sell language and
acquirement development. Finding out to browse safely within the first basic grades was crucial
so as for a toddler to grow to be a successful nation in society (Ciampa, 2012). Specific
aborning abilities ought to study thus as for successful acquirement development.
Alphabetical understanding (a younger infant's capability to get letter names and
sounds), descriptive linguistics cognizance (know-how of that spoken words are made of
separate devices of sound, that once intermingled along produce a phrase), print focus
(expertise the utilization of print), vocabulary (comprehending the aiming to a word in matter
content), and comprehension (making which means and association to the text) are all
aborning acquirement competencies that a tyke need to develop (Ihmeideh et al. 2012).
Mistreatment ebooks permit within the purchase of all those aborning capabilities.
Digital tools and effective reading ways may be a strong tool for readers and students.
Once kid's area unit appointed analysis comes that implements digital media, technology
motivates students to scan and navigate through hot spots and hyperlinks (Korat and Shamir,
2007). Once kids' area unit places along into teams and actuated with technology, it results in
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paired collaboration. Throughout the paired collaboration, kids navigate through hyperlinks
which may result in nonfictional data that students ought to build which means for and connect
with their topic. Brown (2016) conducted a study that showed once kids were coding, they
weren't solely rummaging texts that got to them on the eBook however they collaborated along
to debate essential topics and bear hot spots and hyperlinks that brought the scholars to
alternative relevant data that connected with their topics. These findings showed that kids were
actuated and inquisitive about what they were reading and additionally these digital literacies
offered additional support for learners. Brown (2016) states that "the use of e-readers or
similar devices offered young students ways in which to develop and/or enhance their digital
literacies, that area unit essential for communication in an exceedingly international world"
(p.44). To attempt in society, kids should be up to date with new advancements or standards
that society deems necessary.
Another paper by Lumadi et al addresses the impact of e-learning on the tutorial
performance of student- academics. They conducted an associate degree experiment to work
out if student-teacher tutored victimization technique of e-learning performed higher that
student-teacher tutored victimization the normal technique of teaching and learning.
Their findings suggest that e-learning encompasses a vital influence on the
performance of scholars as a student- teachers tutored victimization e-learning systematically
perform higher than practice teacher tutored victimization the normal technique.
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History of E-Learning and Textbooks
Defenders of tablets state that they are bolstered by most educators and understudies,
square measure plenty lighter than print course readings, and improve government-sanctioned
check scores. They state that tablets will hold many written languages, spare nature by
delivery down the line of printing, increment understudy intuitiveness, and originality, which
advanced course books square measure more cost-effective than print course readings. Rivals
of tablets state that they are pricey, conjointly entertaining for understudies, easy to interrupt,
and expensive/tedious to repair. They state that tablets increase eye fatigue, migraines, and
obscured vision, increment the explanations accessible for understudies not obtaining their
work done, need outrageous Wi-Fi organizes, and become quickly obsolete as new
advancements square measure free 2012 denoted the primary occasion once that additional
people ought to the net by means that of cell phones and tablets than workspace or PCs.
Around 163 million tablets were transported worldwide in 2017. A joint report by McKinsey
and the GSMA predicts the versatile coaching sector may be value $70 billion internationally
by 2020, and predicts interest for moveable instruction gadgets, as cellphones and tablets, may
advantage another $32 billion by the same period.
In a 2017 worldwide summary of K-12 instructors in eighty-nine nations by
Schoology, ninety-fifth of educators reacted in spades in lightweight of the inquiry "as you'd
see it, will computerize or mixed adapting unquestionably sway understudy development or
accomplishment?" with fifty-two voice communication "without question" and forty-third
voice communication "to some extent."
16
A 2016 review by Deloitte found that half of one mile of guardians of K-12
understudies, eighty-four of K-12 instructors, and seventy-fifth of K-12 understudies, square
measure "very or to some extent keen on having additional at-home computerized content
accessible to boost what was being educated in class." Seventy-three of understudies same
they would invest additional energy learning over the late spring if advanced learning assets
were created accessible to them.
A 2015 review of K-12 school-or locus based mostly executives by ASCD and
Overdrive found that ninety-nine of respondents "saw at any rate one advantage in utilizing
advanced content over print within the homeroom" with seventy-six spoken language that it
permits instructors "to convey personalized guidance" and sixty-three spoken language that it
"catches additional outstanding understudy consideration/commitment." Survey respondents to
boot had worries concerning dynamical to computerized content with an hour of state-funded
college heads and a half-hour of tuition-based mostly college administrators stressed over
inconsistent access to the net reception.
According to Gupta (2017), electronic learning was a way to offer lessons easily.
Students can access the content unlimitedly; it helps the learner to access updated content
whenever they want it.
Development of E-learning in the Philippines
Since the Philippines are developing, it was relevant to look at several studies on e-
learning in developing countries. A study on e-learning in developing countries given a
framework for developing e-learning programs in universities. The authors provided some
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pointers on theoretical and sensible experiences of e-learning with the specific context of Asian
nation, which could be a developing country like the Philippines, it had been prompt that although
e-learning was an effective tool and economic framework for learning in developing countries
notably in rural and remote space that aren't simply accessible, nonetheless heap has to be done to
create the technology simply acceptable in developing countries. He suggests that well-organized
observation and management programs, support for college kids and lecturers in the use of
technology will facilitate in up the standard of education in developing countries.
In 2012, courses offered by e-learning platforms were typical £ 4,167 less costly than
class modules per person on average, according to a study published as a part of the Fordham
Creating Sound Policy for Digital Education.
Technology-Enhanced Learning
Today’s students are digital natives they need adults up with gadgets and constant
affiliation to the web (Boeckle and Ebner 2015, p. 1510). Researchers measure work how
within which these gadgets could be integrated into teaching and learning. Thomas (2014)
examined, however, textbook format (game-based versus traditional) affected students' mental
effort and time spent on a task. He according to that student spent considerably longer on tasks
meted out through game-based textbooks, whereas variations in the mental effort were not
evident. Equally, Farha (2009) according to multiplication in scores on learning outcomes for
game-based learning compared with learning via ancient textbooks. Likewise, associate
investigation of students' actions through mobile learning (tablets) according to that mobile
learning outperformed ancient textbooks in learning outcome and psychological feature load
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(Shadiev et al.2015). Fotaris et al. (2016) found at intervals a quasi-experimental study that the
appliance of a third- dimensional gamified problem-based learning approach affected students'
learning expertise, motivation, recall ability, and performance.
These findings counsel that technology-enhanced learning was often useful if it was
meaningfully integrated with learning environments exploitation ways like the embedding of a
problem-based learning approach coupled to effective pedagogy (Fotaris et al. 2016)
Digital textbooks have the potential to become effective tools in learning and teaching
because of their psychological feature, communicative, and technological capabilities.
However, their effectiveness was influenced by users’ acceptance of these media, their
perceptions of their quality, and perceived usability (Joo et al. 2014).
Synthesis of the Reviewed Literature
They discussed literature and studies recognized truly aided the research support of this
paper. The extracted literature and studies reviewed gave insights to the researchers on how to
accomplish this present investigation. The entire research focuses on studying the relationship
between digital and physical textbooks in academic learning.
Based on the various actual studies conducted by previous researchers, some similarities
and differences were seen from the researchers of local and foreign writers. Dundar and
Akcayir (2012) have found that technology can bring youngsters out of control in studying
because of the usage of gadgets that can lead them to the gap of studying. Technology was
implemented for academic purposes nowadays it was an alternative more innovative textbook
called e-book it has different animation and development.
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The Philippines was developing and inclined with that they wanted to develop the way of
learning. Along with other countries they wanted to improve by using e-books as the student's
textbook. Youngsters are more motivated in terms of technology and the find e-book as a more
effective way of learning. Some are against to e-book because of tablets state that they are pricey,
conjointly entertaining for understudies, easy to interrupt, and expensive/tedious to repair. They
state that tablets increase eye fatigue, migraines, and obscured vision, increment the explanations
accessible for understudies not obtaining their work done, need outrageous and Wi-Fi organizes.
The researchers found some similarities in the local and foreign studies above. Those
studies tackle the exposure of technology to the world of youngsters through e-books for the
development of studying.
Gaps Bridged by the Present Study
This portion tells the strength and weaknesses of that literature from the above that will
help the researchers of this research to fill up some little flaws from the weakness that has been
said.
From the above literature, the strengths of those kinds of literature that the researchers
gathered were helpful in this study. Strengths are the following:
First, the researchers had empirically examined the emotional, social, and behavioral that
correlate with the said topic. Second, it greatly helped some researchers including us because of its
very detailed information about the topic. Third, all the information on those kinds of literature
that we have read was straight to the point these kinds of quality of research are very helpful to
us including the other researchers. Lastly, the information and data that the researchers need in
20
this study were found from the kinds of literature that the researchers gathered all because of
these works of literature rich content regarding the topic of this study.
On the other hand, there are a few weaknesses in those works of literature applied.
First, not all of those works of literature from the source that the researchers got has a lot of
commenters, critics, those who give feedback, etc. because of this unfolded weakness of each
work of literature would continue to appear and might affect future researchers including the
researchers of this study.
21
Chapter 3
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
In this chapter, the study expounds and elaborates on the details on how the study was
undertaken. It’s all about the methods of this research, which consist of the research design,
sources of data, the population of the study, instrumentation and validation, evaluation and
scoring, data gathering procedures, treatment and analysis of data, and the ethical consideration.
Research Design
The researchers used a quantitative non-experimental descriptive for their research
design. According to McCombes (2019), Descriptive research aims to describe a population,
situation, or phenomenon accurately and systematically. It can answer what, when, where,
when, and how questions, but not why questions. To determine cause and effect, experimental
research was required. The study aims to compare the level of effectiveness of textbooks and
electronic learning.
The research design helps the researcher in the selection of subjects for observation, and in
the determination of the type of analysis to be used for interpretation of the data. The selection of
the research design depends upon the purpose of the study and the conditions under which the
study was conducted. The research design in this study was in terms of the type of analysis which
would be the comparison of the effectiveness of textbooks and electronic learning.
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Sources of Data
The primary sources of data were the respondents who answered the survey questionnaire.
Secondary sources include books, periodicals, articles, online journals, and other references that
the researchers utilize, consulted, and cited in the review of related literature.
A primary source provides direct or firsthand pieces of evidence on the use of the textbook
and the electronic learning of students. The secondary source was the data that has been already
collected by and readily available from the other sources. Secondary sources describe, discuss,
interpret, analyze, evaluate, and summarize primary sources. Secondary source materials can be an
article in newspapers or popular magazines, books or movie reviews, or articles found in scholarly
journals that discuss or evaluate someone else original research.
Respondents of the Study
The respondents of these studies are the Grade 11 students of A.Y 2019-2020 at the
University of Perpetual Help System GMA Campus. The total population of Grade 11 was 298
students. The respondents of the study will be given survey questionnaires to provide data about
the comparison of the level of effectiveness of textbooks and electronic learning.
The researchers used stratified random sampling. Hayes (2019) stratified random
sampling was a method of sampling that involves the division of a population into smaller sub-
groups known as strata. The population will be divided by their strand and randomly chooses
respondents for the study.
Initially, the population was divided into strata as to track and strand. The proportional
allocation was employed to calculate the number of respondents to be selected from each track and 23
strand. For Grade 11, a total of 100 out of 298 students was our respondents. A total of 43
Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics students, 15 students coming from
Accounting, Business and Management strand, 16 students coming from Humanities and Social
Sciences strand, 9 students coming from Home Economics strand, 9 students coming from
Information Communication Technology strand, 4 students from Arts and Design track, and
lastly 4 students coming from General Academic strand.
The respondents from each section were selected using convenience sampling in which
relies on the collection of data from members of the population who are conveniently available
during the time of the study.
Instrumentation and Validation
In gathering data, the Likert Scale was utilized by the researcher in making a survey-
questionnaire type. The respondents are asked to indicate their level of agreement comparing
the level of effectiveness of textbooks and electronic learning. The questionnaire was divided
into two parts: Scale 1 covered the profile of the respondent; Scale 2 covered the questions
about textbook and electronic learning.
The questions regarding the comparison in the effectiveness of textbooks and electronic
learning were based on a standardized questionnaire from the study entitled "Books vs Tablets:
Modern Learning Tool of Ateneo De Davao University First Year CS and IT College
Students” by Javellana, Jover, and Perez (March 2014). The researchers modified it and use
the Likert scale to compare the level of effectiveness of textbooks and electronic learning.
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The researchers’ instrument was presented to the research adviser for initial checking.
The questionnaire was validated by Mrs. Charlyn A. Malimata, an expert in the field of
information communication technology, Dr. Noel H. Vargas, an expert in the field of
mathematics, and Mr. Arche R. Tudtod, an expert in the field of research and Filipino.
Evaluation and Scoring
To determine the comparison of the effectiveness of textbooks and electronic learning,
fifteen (15) questions were selected and modified from the standardized Book vs Tablets
questionnaire. The following numerical rating, numerical range, categorical response, and verbal
interpretation were used in describing the accessibility, cost, and acquisition of knowledge of
textbooks and electronic learning.
Categorical Verbal
Numerical Rating Numerical Range
Response Interpretation
Very High/ Very
4 3.26 – 4.00 Strongly Agree (SA)
Stable
3 2.51 – 3.25 Agree (A) High/ Stable
2 1.76 – 2.50 Disagree (D) Low/ Unstable
Strongly Disagree
1 1.00 – 1.175 Very Low/ Unstable
(SD)
Data Gathering Procedures
The survey questionnaire undergoes validation for the correction and accurate question
concerning the study. These will be validated by the people who are expertly inclined with the
study. After the validation of the instrument, the researchers asked for approval from the Office of
Senior High School Principal to allow the researchers to conduct the study. With the assistance of
the research adviser and subject teachers, room-to-room data gathering was conducted. Consent
forms for the approval of the respondents were first released.

25
The researchers are going to print out the survey questionnaire and then they are going
to give it to each of the respondents for the answers that they are looking for. The researchers
surveyed on February 12, 2020, from 7 am to 2 pm. After the respondents answered the survey
questionnaire that they have given to them, they will collect all of it then tabulate the
respondents’ answers for the level of effectiveness in terms of accessibility, cost, and
acquisition of knowledge. The gathered data were organized, tallied, and subject to statistical
analysis. These data became the bases of analysis and interpretation.
Treatment and Analysis of Data
Once the survey questionnaire has been completed by the respondents, data were
tabulated and subjected to the following statistical tools:
1. The T-test was used to determine if there was a significant difference between textbooks
and electronic learning according to the accessibility, cost, and acquisition of knowledge.
2. Weighted mean to measure the level of effectiveness of the textbook.
3. Weighted mean to measure the level of effectiveness of electronic learning.
Ethical Consideration
This chapter contains the ethical issues that must be considered when doing the
evaluation. The researcher deliberated and adhered to the ethical issues such as the permission
of the respondents, principles of the benefaction and respect for the respondents' dignity.
The researchers provide no damage in any aspects of the respondent including their
protection to harm and making an unreasonable return for the essentials of the researchers as well
26
as the respondents' dignity.
The respondent was not obligated to answer the questions of the researcher for the
completion of the study, instead, the respondent insists to answer the researcher's questions and
provides cooperation together with the researchers to have an honest and logical answer. The
respondent allowed the researchers to ask anything that having relationships with the study.
The gathering of information was completed considering the conditions in apprising
and asking permission to the school's directors and respondents. The primary apprised to the
high organizer of the University of Perpetual Help System – GMA Campus, then to the school
principal and finally to the school director because the study to be examined for its potential
damage and risk of the study. All consent forms are protected within the University of
Perpetual Help System Senior High School Department.
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Chapter 4
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
The findings of the study were presented, analyzed, and interpreted in this chapter. This
served as a basis for the researchers to formulate conclusions, recommendations, and relate to
which literature or study was proven right and wrong. Presented below were the results, analysis,
and interpretation of the data gathered.
1. What is the level of effectiveness of textbook in terms of:
1.1 Accessibility
Table 1
Level of Effectiveness of Textbook in terms of Accessibility
Weighted Verbal
Indicators Rank
mean Interpretation
Very High/
1. It was more accessible to use. 3.32 4
Very Stable
2. I can easily take down notes Very High/
3.4 1
and remember lessons. Very Stable
Very High/
3. I can scan the topic freely. 3.4 1
Very Stable
4. I rely more on upon as a
Very High/
reference for academic 3.36 3
Very Stable
purposes.
5. I use these in my free time. 2.95 High/ Stable 5
Very High/
Summative Mean 3.286
Very Stable
Table 1 shows the level of effectiveness of the textbook in terms of accessibility. Indicator
number 2 stated that "I can easily take down notes and remember lessons" and indicator number 3
which stated that "I can scan topic freely" had a 3.4 weighted mean which was interpreted as very
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Basic Education Department – Senior High School
high, ranked 1. Indicator number 4 which stated that "I rely more on upon as a reference for
academic purposes" had a 3.36 weighted mean which was interpreted as very high and ranked
third. Indicator number 1 which stated that "It was more accessible to use" had a 3.32 weighted
mean which was interpreted as very high and ranked fourth. Lastly, indicator 5 which stated that
"I use these in my free time" had a 2.95 weighted mean which was interpreted as high and ranked
fifth overall.
The summative mean of 3.286 revealed that the grade 11 students from the University of
Perpetual Help System – GMA Campus strongly agree that textbook was accessible. Therefore,
it was very high and very stable effectiveness of textbooks in terms of accessibility.
According to some research, ancient books can scan anyplace and don't want for power,
for a pc or pill, to scan them. Readers understanding to mark the page they were reading, the way
to take notes, and wherever to search out or purchase them. Moreover, many of us merely fancy
the sensation of turning the page and holding a book in their hands.
1.2 Cost;
Table 2
Level of Effectiveness of Textbook in terms of Cost
Weighted Verbal
Indicators Rank
mean Interpretation
1. I save more money in buying this
2.84 High/stable 5
tool.
2. I think this tool was more cost-
Very high/ very
effective because I could use it for 3.34 1
stable
a longer period.
3. It was budget-friendly in terms
3.13 High/stable 4
of durability.
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4. Availing this tool can save

me from other expenses such as
3.2 High/stable 3
printing of assignments,
worksheets, etc.
5. The cost-effectiveness of this
tool was just right; I believe it Very high/ very
was a very helpful tool to 3.3 2
stable
improve my learning quality.
Summative Mean 3.162 High/stable
Table 2 shows the level of effectiveness of the textbook in terms of cost. Indicator 2 which
stated that "I think this tool was more cost-effective because I could use it for a longer period" had
3.34 weighted mean which was interpreted as very high and ranked 1. The indicator 5 which stated
that "The cost-effectiveness of this tool was just right, I believe it was a very helpful tool to improve
my learning quality" had a weighted mean of 3.3 which was interpreted as very high and ranked 2.
Indicator 4 stated that "Availing this tool can save me from other expenses such as printing of
assignment, worksheets, etc." had a weighted mean of 3.2 which was interpreted as high and ranked
3. Indicator 3 which stated that "It was budget-friendly in terms of durability"

had a 3.13 weighted mean which was interpreted as high and ranked 4. Indicator 1 which stated
that "I save more money in buying this tool" had 2.84 weighted means which was interpreted as
high and ranked 5 on the overall ranking.
Perpetual Help System – GMA Campus agree that the textbook was pricy which was interpreted
as high and stable effectiveness of textbooks in terms of cost.
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UNIVERSITY OF PERPETUAL HELP SYSTEM – GMA
Although many factors were affecting the cost of textbooks, the price of textbooks has risen
for two main reasons in recent years (GAO 2005). Next, the three-to four-year updating period
typical to many authors, whether the previous edition had to be revised, leads to shifts in the price
of textbooks. The explanation for this was that limited review periods, or more regular updates,
hinder students' ability to reduce their expenses by obtaining borrowed textbooks and selling their
textbooks back to bookshops at the end of the term.
1.3 Acquisition of Knowledge
Table 3
Level of Effectiveness of Textbook in terms of Acquisition of Knowledge
Weighted Verbal
Indicators Rank
mean Interpretation
1. I use these because it Very high/very
3.5 3
improves my grades. stable
2. I can study easily. Very high/very
3.51 2
stable
3. It easily retains in my Very high/very
3.52 1
memory after studying. stable
4. It boosts my creativity and Very high/very
3.49 4
imagination. stable
5. I can be more productive in Very high/very
3.43 5
using this type of learning. stable
Very high/very
Summative Mean 3.49
stable
Table 3 shows the level of effectiveness of the textbook in terms of acquisition of
knowledge. The number 3 indicator states that "It easily retain in my memory after studying," had
a 3.52 weighted mean, verbal interpretation of very high and ranked first. The number 2 indicator
which states that "I can study easily," had a 3.51 weighted mean, verbal interpretation very high
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and ranked second. The number 1 indicator which states that "I use these because it improves my
grades," had a 3.5 weighted mean, verbal interpretation of very high and ranked third. The number
4 indicator which states that "It boosts my creativity and imagination," had a 3.49 weighted mean,
verbal interpretation very high, and ranked fourth. The number 5 indicator which states that "I can
be more productive in using this type of learning,” had a 3.43 weighted mean, verbal
interpretation very high and ranked fifth.
Perpetual Help System – GMA Campus strongly agree that textbook was helpful and reliable in
gaining knowledge. Interpreted as very high and very stable effectiveness of textbooks in terms
of acquisition of knowledge.
According to Frolich and Michaclowa (2005), textbooks have proved to be an expensive
way to boost the performance of students. They studied the peer effects of African students’
books and found that book sharing, and information sharing have a very wide scope.
2. What is the level of effectiveness of electronic learning in terms
of: 2.1 Accessibility;
Table 4
Level of Effectiveness of Electronic Learning in terms of Accessibility
Weighted Verbal
Indicators Rank
mean Interpretation
1. It was more accessible to use. 3.09 High/stable 1
2. I can easily take down notes
3.02 High/stable 2
and remember lessons.
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3. I can scan the topic freely. 3.02 High/stable 2

4. I rely more on upon as a
reference for academic 3 High/stable 4
purposes.
5. I use these in my free time. 2.77 High/stable 5
Table 4 shows the level of effectiveness of electronic learning in terms of accessibility.
The indicator 1 which stated that "It was more accessible to use" had a weighted mean of 3.09,
verbal interpretation of high and ranked one. Indicator 2 stated that "I can easily take down notes
and remember lessons" and indicator 3 which stated that "I can scan topic freely" had a 3.02
weighted mean, verbal interpretation of high and ranked second. Indicator 4 which stated that "I
rely more upon as a reference for academic purposes" had a 3 weighted mean, verbal
interpretation of high and ranked fourth. The indicator 5 which stated that "I use these in my free
time" had a 2.77 weighted mean, verbal interpretation of high and ranked fifth overall.
Perpetual Help System – GMA Campus agree that electronic learning was accessible. Interpreted
as high and stable effectiveness of electronic learning in terms of accessibility.
According to Gupta (2017), electronic learning was a way to offer lessons easily.
Students can access the content unlimitedly; it helps the learner to access updated content
whenever they want it.
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2.2 Cost;
Table 5
Level of Effectiveness of Electronic Learning in terms of Cost
Weighted Verbal
Indicators Rank
mean Interpretation
1. I save more money in buying
3.11 High/stable 1
this tool.
2. I think this tool was more
cost-effective because I could 2.88 High/stable 5
use it for a longer period.
3. It was budget-friendly in
3.07 High/stable 3
terms of durability.
4. Availing this tool can save me
from other expenses such as
3.1 High/stable 2
printing of assignments,
worksheets, etc.
5. The cost-effectiveness of this
tool was just right; I believe it
3.04 High/stable 4
was a very helpful tool to
improve my learning quality.
As shown in the table above, the indicator 1 which stated that "I save more money in buying
this tool" had a 3.11 weighted mean, verbal interpretation of high and ranked first. Indicator 4
which stated that "Availing this tool can save me from other expenses such as printing of
assignments, worksheets, etc." had 3.1 weighted means, verbal interpreted of high and ranked
second. Indicator 3 which stated that "It was budget-friendly in terms of durability" had a 3.07
weighted mean, verbal interpretation of high and ranked as the third. The indicator 5 which stated
that "It was budget-friendly in terms of durability" had a 3.04 weighted mean, verbal interpretation
of high and ranked as fourth. Indicator 2 which stated that "It was budget-friendly in terms of
durability" had a 2.88 weighted mean, verbal interpretation of high and ranked as fifth overall.
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Perpetual Help System – GMA Campus agree that electronic was cost-effective which was
interpreted as high and stable effectiveness of electronic learning in terms of cost.
In 2012, courses offered by e-learning platforms were typical £4,167 less costly than
class modules per person on average, according to a study published as a part of the Fordham
Creating Sound Policy for Digital Education.
Table 6
Level of Effectiveness of Electronic Learning in terms of Acquisition of Knowledge
Weighted Verbal
Indicators Rank
mean Interpretation
1. I use these because it
3.22 High/stable 1
improves my grades.
2. I can study easily. 3.04 High/stable 2
3. It easily retains in my
2.94 High/stable 4
memory after studying.
4. It boosts my creativity and
2.93 High/stable 5
imagination.
5. I can be more productive in
3.03 High/stable 3
using this type of learning.
As shown in Table 6, the indicator 1 which stated that "I use these because it improves my
grades" had a weighted mean of 3.22, verbal interpretation of high and ranked first. The indicator
2 which stated that "I can study easily" had a weighted mean of 3.04, verbal interpretation of high
and ranked second. Indicator 5 which stated that "I can be more productive in using this type of
learning" had a weighted mean of 3.03, verbal interpretation of high and ranked third. The indicator
35
3 which stated that “It easily retain in my memory after studying” had a weighted mean of 2.94,
verbal interpretation of high and ranked fourth.
Perpetual Help System – GMA Campus agree that electronic learning helps gain knowledge.
Therefore, it was high and stable effectiveness of electronic learning in terms of acquisition of
knowledge.
According to Lumadi et al, the impact of electronic learning on the tutorial performance
of student – academics. They conducted an associate degree experiment to work out if student-
teacher tutored victimization techniques of electronic learning performed higher that student-
teacher tutored victimization the normal technique of teaching and learning.
3. Is there significant difference in the level of effectiveness of textbook and electronic learning
in terms of:
3.1 Accessibility;
Table 7
Significant Difference in the Level of Effectiveness of Textbook and Electronic Learning in
terms of Accessibility
T-Critical
Indicators T-Stat Interpretation
Two-tail
Not
Accessibility 3.109 1.984
Significant
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Based on the computation above the significant difference in the level of effectiveness of
textbooks and electronic learning in terms of accessibility. The computation of T-Stat was 3.109
which was greater to the T-Critical Two-tail value of 1.984, therefore the research hypothesis
was rejected.
There was a significant difference between the level of effectiveness of textbooks and
electronic learning in terms of accessibility encountered by the grade 11 students at the
University of Perpetual Help System GMA Campus. This means that regardless of textbook and
electronic learning, the grade 11 students experienced difficulties in bringing the textbook than
3.2 Cost
Table 8
terms of Cost
T-Critical
Two-tail
Cost 1.558 1.984 Significant
textbooks and electronic learning in terms of cost. The computation of T-Stat was 1.558 which was
less than the T-Critical Two-tail value of 1.984 therefore the research hypothesis was accepted.
There was no significant difference between the level of effectiveness of textbooks and
electronic learning in terms of cost encountered by the grade 11 students at the University of
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Perpetual Help System - GMA Campus. This means that both textbook and electronic learning
was pricy based on the answer of the grade 11 students in the survey.
Table 9
terms of Acquisition of Knowledge
T-Critical
Two-tail
Not
Acquisition of Knowledge 5.926 1.984
Significant
textbooks and electronic learning in terms of acquisition of knowledge was marked and
substantial it was proven in the computation of t-stat of 5.926 which was greater than the T-
Critical Two-tail value of 1.984, therefore, the research hypothesis was rejected.
There was a significant difference between the level of effectiveness of textbooks and
electronic learning in terms of acquisition of knowledge encountered by the Grade 11 students at
the University of Perpetual Help System – GMA Campus. This means that regardless of
textbook and electronic learning, the Grade 11 students had trouble in taking up the lesson.
38
Chapter 5
SUMMARY FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
This chapter presents the summary of findings based on the data gathered from the study,
the conclusions drawn, and the future direction offered by the researchers.
Summary Findings
The following were the summary of findings based on the data gathered:
1. Results showed that respondents had a very high level of effectiveness of the textbook in
terms of:
a. Accessibility had a summative mean of 3.286 which states that grade11 students strongly
agree that the textbook was accessible. In which was interpreted as very high and very stable.
b. The cost had a summative mean of 3.162 states that grade 11 students agree that the
textbook was cost-effective. In which was interpreted as high and stable.
c. Acquisition of knowledge had a summative mean of 3.49 in which grade 11 students
strongly agree that textbook was helpful and reliable in gaining knowledge which was
interpreted as very high and very stable.
2. Results showed that respondents had a high level of effectiveness of electronic learning in
terms of:
a. Accessibility had a summative mean of 2.98, students from Grade 11 agree that
electronic learning was accessible which was interpreted as high and stable. They can avail their
documents online; they can scan their topics freely.

39
b. The cost had a summative mean of 3.04, respondents agree that electronic learning was
cost-effective. Interpreted as high and stable.
c. Acquisition of knowledge had a summative mean of 3.03, students agree that they use
electronic learning to improve their academic grade and performance. In which was interpreted
as high and stable.
3. Results from this study showed that there was a significant difference between the level of
effectiveness of textbooks and electronic learning in terms of accessibility and acquisition of
knowledge, but there was no significant difference in terms of cost.
Conclusions
Based on the findings of the study, the following conclusions were drawn:
1. Respondents were all Grade 11 students from the University of Perpetual Help System – GMA
Campus.
2. For the accessibility of electronic learning and textbook, both were difficult to bring according
to the respondents.
3. The researchers’ aimed to know the effectiveness of textbook and electronic learning.
4. The cost of electronic learning and textbook was expensive based on the answer of the
respondents.
5. The acquisition of knowledge both textbooks and electronic learning was difficult to use when
taking up lessons.
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6. The level of effectiveness of textbooks and electronic learning in terms of accessibility found
out that respondents find it easy to take down notes and they can scan easily and freely when
using textbooks than electronic learning.
7. The level of effectiveness of textbook and electronic learning in terms of cost was respondents
think that textbook was more cost-effective than electronic learning because they can use the
textbook in a longer period.
8. The level of effectiveness of textbooks and electronic learning in terms of acquisition of
knowledge was students find it easy to retain in their mind the lessons after studying than
9. Based on the other research, they found out that student opinions about the use of electronic
learning were significantly positive. In addition to the benefits of being ergonomic and easy to
carry, students found the use of electronic learning enjoyable. While in this study it was found
out that students were having a hard time in bring the textbook and electronic learning, and they
have a big difference in terms of acquisition of knowledge.
Future Directions
Based on the findings of the study, the following future directions were offered:
1. Based on the findings of the study student must know the significance of textbooks and electronic
learning in terms of accessibility, cost, and acquisition of knowledge when they used it.
41
2. Teachers should make the students realize that they were also responsible for their learning
and allow the students to have their learning styles.
3. There should be a provision for participation giving the study will determine the more
effective learning style.
4. For those school that was using electronic learning, they can give special attention to those
problems that were encountered by the students when using electronic learning.
5. The result of this study can provide a better decision for school planning to implement
6. Future researchers should lead an increasingly broad related investigation for progressively
summed up results. They must refer to a bigger number of respondents so that the whole
population will generally benefit from the study to accomplish an increasingly exact and solid
result in terms of quality and legitimacy.
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https://www. scribbr.com/methodology/descriptive-research/
Natsuko Hayashi Nicholls. (January 2010). The Investigation into the Rising Cost of Textbooks.
Retrieved on January 9, 2020 from https://www.lib.umich.edu/files/SPOTextbookBack
ground.pdf
ProCon.org. (November 16, 2018). History of Tablets vs. Textbooks. Retrieved on October 1,
2019 from https://tablets-textbooks.procon.org/history-of-tablets-v-textbooks/.
Reid, C. (2016). EBooks and Print Books Can Have Different Affects on Literacy
Comprehnsion. Retrieved on October 1, 2019 from https://fisherpub.sjfc.edu/cgi/viewcon
tent.cgi?article=1329&context=education_ETD_masters
Tenny School. (n.d). Are Physical or Digital Textbooks More Effective Tools? (May 18, 2017).
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Retrived on October 2, 2019 from https://www.tenneyschool.com/are-physical-or-digtal-

textbook-more-effectivetools/?fbclid=IwAR2pyxU3xvW503mqhG8UzlQZ0n7J393MOk
1Wy6x2EsgA_MvLKJab8dABY.
University of San Francisco. (n.d). Digital or Printed Textbooks: Which do Students Prefer.
Retrieved on October 2, 2019 from https://repository.usfca.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?
article=1020&context=hosp.
Weegar, M. and Pacis, D. (2012). A Comparison of Two Theories of Learning - Behaviorism
and Constructivism as applied to Face-to-Face and Online Learning. Retrieved on
November 11, 2019 from https://g-casa.com/conferences/manila/papers/Weegar.pdf
44
APPENDICES
45
APPENDIX A
Letter to the School Principal and Senior High School Coordinator for the Conduct
of the Study
46
47
APPENDIX B
Research Instrument
48
49
APPENDIX C
Survey Questionnaire Validation Sheet
50
51
52
53
APPENDIX D
Editor’s/ Statistician’s Certification
54
EDITOR’S CERTIFICATION
for the subject Inquiries, Investigation and Immersion have been edited by the undersigned.
____________________________
Ms. Natasha Nicole N. Tindan
Editor
STATISTICIAN’S CERTIFICATION
for the subject Inquiries, Investigation and Immersion have been statistically reviewed by the
undersigned.
____________________________
Melody P. Racelis, LPT
Statistician
55
APPENDIX E
Curriculum Vitae
56
ALYZA JOY A. ALBINO

Bancal Carmona Cavite
Contact No: (0955)-893-8212
Email add: Alyzajoyalbino@gmail.com
PERSONAL INFORMATION
Birthdate : July 1, 2002
Birthplace : Bataan
Age : 17
Sex : Female
Religion : Iglesia ni Cristo
Status : Single
Name of Father : Dante C. Albino
Name of Mother : Marife A. Albino
RESEARCH EXPERIENCES
“Money Matters: An In Depth Analysis of Experiences in Medical Adherence of Senior

Citizen"
University of Perpetual Help System - Jonelta GMA Campus (2018-2019)
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
Secondary
University of Perpetual Help System – JONELTA
GMA Campus
Brgy. San Gabriel, General Mariano Alvarez, Cavite
2018-2019
Carmona National High School - Secondary Education

High School
Carmona, Cavite
2014-2018
57
Primary Bancal Elementary School

Bancal Carmona, Cavite
2009-2014
Language Skills : Filpino
Computer Skills : MS Word, MS Powerpoint, MS Excel, MS Publisher,

Adobe Photoshop
st
Awards : Grade 4- 1 honors (2012)
Interests : Reading
I hereby certify that the above information was true to the best of my knowledge and beliefs.
ALYZA JOY A. ALBINO

Researcher
58
JEWEL ALLYSON S. ANDAYA

Karsadahan Kanluran Kaong, Silang,Cavite
Contact No: (0955)-893-8212
Email add: jewelallyson18@gmail.com
Birthdate : July 22, 2002

Birthplace : Silang, Cavite
Age : 17
Sex : Female
Religion : Roman Catholic
Status : Single
Name of Father : Andy E. Andaya
Name of Mother : Jennifer S. Andaya
“Spoken Story: A Narrative Study on the Live Experiences of a Colorectal Cancer

Patient”
“Pormal o Impormal: Pag-aaral sa Epekto ng Teknolohiya sa Kabihasaan at Kaalaman

sa Paggamit ng Wikang Filipino ng mga mag-aaral sa UPHS – Jonelta GMA Campus”
University of Perpetual Help Sytem – Jonelta GMA Campus (2018-2019)
“Capability of Commercial Vinegar as an Alternative Source of Energy Ranging From
1-10 Voltage”
Cavite State University Silang Campus – Secondary Education Laboratory Science
High School (2017-2018)
“Effectiveness of a Beneficial Natural Soap made from Orange Peels and Oils”
59
“Development of an Eco-Friendly Cinnamon Air Freshener Gel for Aromatherapy”

SEMINARS AND TRAINING

st
1 Creotec MakeX National Robotics
Competition Vista Mall Sta. Rosa
CREOTEC Philippines Inc. and Makeblock Philippines
October 23-24, 2019
Exploring the Realms for our Changing Earth
Cavite State University- Silang Campus
Ms. Girlie Jane P. Dela Cruz, Science
Instructor April 27, 2017
Discovering Changes through Responsive Research

Cavite State University- Silang Campus
Ms. Jane A. Manarpiis, Science Teacher
March 27, 2015
Promoting Interdisciplinary Research Culture in Response to Global Transformation

Cavite State University- Silang Campus Gymnasium
Rizalito B. Javier, PhD, Campus Research, Development & Extension Coordinator
March 18, 2015
Secondary University of Perpetual Help System – JONELTA GMA

Campus
2018-2020
Cavite State University Silang Campus - Secondary

Education Laboratory Science High School
Biga I, Silang, Cavite
2014-2018
Primary Kaong Elementary School

Kaong, Silang, Cavite
2009-2014
60

Computer Skills : MS Word, MS Powerpoint, MS Excel, MS Publisher, Adobe
Photoshop
st
Awards : 1 Runner-up National Robotics Competition Courageous
Traveler – Middle Group (2019)
Grade 11 – With High Honors (2019)
Grade 10 – Academic Gold Awardee (2018)
nd
Grade 6- 2 honors (2014)
th
Metrobank Math Challenge (MMC) - 7 place (2013)
nd
st
rd
rd
Grade 1 – 3 honors (2009)
th
Preschool- 4 honors (2008)
Interests : Listening, Watching and Answering Math Equation
JEWEL ALLYSON S. ANDAYA

Researcher
61
MELODY D. BOQUEO
Mabuhay City Dasmariñas, Cavite, Paliparan 3
Contact No: (0966)-230-6040
Email add: melodyboqueo@gmail.com
Birthdate : January 3, 2002

Birthplace : Quezon City
Age : 18
Sex : Female
Status : Single
Name of Father : Ramil T. Boqueo
Name of Mother : Eden D. Boqueo

Campus
2018-2020
Holy Redeemer School

Paliparan III, Damariñas Cavite
2014-2018
Primary Holy Redeemer School

Paliparan III, Damariñas Cavite
2009-2014

Photoshop
st
Awards : Speech Choir – 1 Runner up (2019)
62
st
Dramatic Choir – 1 Runner up (2018)
Interests : Reading books, and Listening to music
MELODY D. BOQUEO
Researcher
63
ALDREN B. CASTILLON
Mabuhay Homes 2000, Paliparan II, Dasmarinas Cavite
Contact No: (0926)-659-3638
Email add: aldrencastillon@gmail.com
Birthdate : September 27, 2001

Birthplace : Cavite
Age : 18
Sex : Male
Religion : Catholic
Status : Single
Name of Father : Alden P. Castillon
Name of Mother : Jocelyn B. Castillon
“Energy for Life: A Phenomenological Study/Experience of Having Breakfast Everyday

in the Life ”

Campus
2018-2020
Jesus the heart of God Christian Academy - Secondary

Education High School
Paliparan II, Damarinas Cavite
2014-2018
Primary
64
Jesus the heart of God Christian Academy - Elementary

School
Paliparan II, Dasmarinas Cavite
2009-2014

Computer Skills : MS Word, MS Powerpoint, MS Excel, MS
Publisher, Adobe Photoshop
Interests : Multimedia Artts
ALDREN B. CASTILLON
Researcher
65
JAYVEE V. DAYAO
Mabuhay Homes 2000, Paliparan II, Dasmarinas Cavite
Contact No: (0917) 476 3786
Email add: jayveedayao6@gmail.com
Birthdate : February 6, 2001

Birthplace : Cavite
Age : 18
Sex : Male
Religion : Catholic
Status : Single
Name of Father : Joselito S. Dayao
Name of Mother : Ma. Nora V. Dayao
Secondary University of Perpetual Help System – JONELTA

2018-2020
Paliparan National High School - Secondary Education

High School
Paliparan III, Damarinas Cavite
2014-2018
Primary Pintong Gubat - Elementary School
Paliparan III, Dasmarinas Cavite
2009-2014
66

Photoshop
Interests : Computer Games, and Modeling
JAYVEE V. DAYAO
Researcher
67
ADAM JOSHUA A. LOMARDA

Woodland Hills Carmona Cavite
Contact No: (0945)-114-2108
Email add: adamjosh427@gmail.com
Birthdate : April 27, 2002
Birthplace : Cavite
Age : 17
Sex : Male
Religion : Jehovah’s Witness
Status : Single
Name of Father : Daniel A. Lomarda
Name of Mother : Agnes A. Lomarda
“A Phenomenological Study on Vitamins for Students in University of Perpetual Help

System GMA Campus”

Campus
2018-2020
University of Perpetual Help System – JONELTA GMA

Campus
2014-2018
Primary
68
University of Perpetual Help System – JONELTA GMA

Campus
2010-2014

Computer Skills : MS Word, MS Powerpoint, MS Excel, MS
Publisher, Adobe Photoshop
Interests : Listening to music, playing basketball, and
computer games
ADAM JOSHUA A. LOMARDA

Researcher
69
NEPHTALI JAHZEEL R. MARTINEZ

Anahaw II Bulihan,Silang Cavite
Contact No: (0917)-904-8824
Email add: martineznephtali111@gmail.com
Birthdate : January 5, 2003

Birthplace : GMA Cavite
Age : 17
Sex : Female
Status : Single
Name of Father : Weser D. Martinez
Name of Mother : Azenith R. Martinez
“Perceived Effects of Vaccine Towards Infant Immunizations in GMA, Cavite”

“A Study on the Satisfaction of Shekinah Learning School Junior High School

Students with Supreme Student Government Services and Qualities”
Shekinah Learning School (2017-2018)
SEMINARS AND TRAINING
Leadership Training
Shekinah Learning School
2015 - 2016

Campus
70

2018-2020
Shekinah Learning School

San Jose, GMA, Cavite
2014-2018
Primary Shekinah Learning School

San Jose, GMA, Cavite
2010-2014

Computer Skills : MS Word, MS Powerpoint, MS Excel
Awards : Best in Research Speaker
Grade 10 –With Honors (2018)
rd
rd
Preschool- 3 honors (2008)
Interests : Watching, Traveling and Sleeping
NEPHTALI JAHZEEL R.
MARTINEZ
Researcher
71
SHAINA VANESSA C. TAYSON

Anahaw II Bulihan,Silang Cavite
Contact No: (0918)-443-1104 Email
add: shai.tayson@gmail.com
Birthdate : September 11, 2001

Birthplace : Dasmarinas Cavite
Age : 18
Sex : Female
Status : Single
Name of Father : Sherwin Z. Tayson
Name of Mother : Venus C. Tayson

Campus
2018-2020
Bulihan National Highschool

Bulihan Silang, Cavite
2014-2018
Little Heirs Academy
Primary Ipil I, Bulihan Silang, Cavite
2010-2014
72

Computer Skills : MS Word, MS Powerpoint, MS Excel
Interests : Reading and Vlogging
SHAINA VANESSA C. TAYSON

Researcher
73

Comparing Textbook vs. E-Learning Effectiveness

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COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TEXTBOOK AND

Albino, Alyza Joy A.

This thesis entitled “Comparison in the Effectiveness of Textbook and Electronic

APPROVAL BY THE PANEL OF EXAMINERS

the success of this endeavor.

gathering and interpretation for the improvement of the study;

researchers pursue better results.

everything will be worth it.

understanding together with His all-out guidance and amnesty.

Title: Comparison of the Effectiveness of Textbook and Electronic Learning

Author: Alyza Joy A. Albino

Jewel Allyson S. Andaya

Adam Joshua A. Lomarda

Nephtali Jahzeel R. Martinez

Shaina Vanessa C. Tayson

Curriculum: Senior High School

School: University of Perpetual Help System – GMA Cavite

Academic 2019 – 2020

Adviser Ms. Natasha Nicole N. Tindan

Keywords: Effectiveness, Textbook, Electronic Learning, Accessibility, Cost, Acquisition

publishers offer an increase in the number of digital textbooks.

the quaint paper-and-ball pen vogue being employed decades ago?

not grown up in college with its use.

compared to traditional printed textbooks.

determine the comparison of the effectiveness of textbook and electronic learning.

very personalized according to everyone.

Effectiveness of Textbook Effectiveness of Electronic Learning

Figure 1. Model of the Operational Framework

between them will also be identified.

1. What was the level of effectiveness of the textbook in terms

of: 1.1. Accessibility

1.2. Cost; and

1.3. Acquisition of knowledge

2. What was the level of effectiveness of electronic learning in terms

of: 2.1. Accessibility

2.2. Cost; and

2.3. Acquisition of knowledge

3. Is there a significant difference in the level of effectiveness of textbook and electronic

learning in terms of:

3.2 Cost; and

3.3 Acquisition of knowledge

Hypothesis of the Study

Ho = There was no significant difference in the level of effectiveness of textbooks and

electronic learning in terms of accessibility, cost, and acquisition of knowledge.

The researcher based this study on the following assumptions:

1. Electronic learning was the new trend in the academe.

3. The respondents are honest and objective in answering the questionnaire.

Scope and Delimitation

University of Perpetual Help System - GMA Campus.

This study entitled “Comparison of the Effectiveness of Textbook and Electronic

Learning” seeks to find benefits for the following:

assessments that allow students to be digitally successful with touch devices.

the facts and the standing of their study.

defined both conceptually and operationally.

Accessibility- Operationally, it refers to the quality of being available when needed.

between textbooks and electronic learning.

ready for normal use.

educational curriculum outside of a traditional classroom

the versatile spine of a protective covering of heavier, comparatively inflexible material.

regarding the study.

State of the Art

the extra data that this study provided.

Books and their Significance