Product: midas Civil Beam Section Property Changes Page No.

1
Comparison of manual calculations and software output

Contents: Page No.

1 Theory … 1
2 Worked out example 1 … 4
3 midas Civil output … 9
4 Discussion on the results … 14
5 Comparision

1 Worked Example 1 : Reinforced concrete Pier (IRC SP 105-2015)

Consider RCC pier of size 1800x1500mm reinforced with 34 number of 32 dia. bar as shown in
figure. Pier is loaded with 17000 kN axial load and bending moment of 14000 kNm about minor
axis. Assuming grade of concrete as M60 and grade of steet as Fe500. check the adequacy of
the section.

Yield Strength 500 N/mm^2

Modulus of elasticity of steel 200000 N/mm^2
characteristic compressive strength of concrete 60 N/mm^2
Partial safety factor for concrete 1.5
Partial safety factor for steel 1.15
Diameter of main rebar 32 mm
Area of steel 804.5714 mm^2
Width 1800 mm
Depth 1500 mm
Axial Force 17000 kN
Bending Moment 14000 kNm
 Product: midas Civil Beam Section Property Changes Page No. 2
Comparison of manual calculations and software output

first determine the location of NA so that the axial force resistance is

equal to the factored applied force. Xu obtained is 500mrm.

d' 66 mm
d 1434 mm
Xu 500 mm

Yield strain for steel, 0.002175

For this location of Xu the strain and corresponding stresses at different level of steel are:
By d' = 66mm and d = 1434mm (to give clear cover of 50mm),

0.00304 > εyd

434.783 N/mm^2

0.00184 < εyd

368.0 MPa

0.000644 < εyd

128.8 MPa

0.00295 > εyd

434.78 Mpa (tension)

0.00414 > εyd

434.78 Mpa (tension)

0.0053 > εyd

434.78 Mpa (tension)

0.00001 > εyd

 Product: midas Civil Beam Section Property Changes Page No. 3
Comparison of manual calculations and software output

434.78261 Mpa (tension)

Axial load carrying capacity given by,

26.8

b= 0.80952

Nrd = 17484.9913839 kN > 17000 kN SAFE

Taking moment of all forces about C. G. of section,

Mrd = 16391.3341166 kNm > 14000 kNm SAFE

Interaction ratios

Ned/Nrd = 0.972

Med/Mrd = 0.854
 Product: midas Civil Beam Section Property Changes Page No. 4
Comparison of manual calculations and software output

2 Midas Civil Output

Graphic output
 Product: midas Civil Beam Section Property Changes Page No. 5
Comparison of manual calculations and software output

Detail Output
Product: midas Civil Beam Section Property Changes Page No. 6
Comparison of manual calculations and software output
 Product: midas Civil Beam Section Property Changes Page No. 7
Comparison of manual calculations and software output

P M Curve

3 Midas GSD Output

P-M Curve
Product: midas Civil Beam Section Property Changes Page No. 8
Comparison of manual calculations and software output
 Product: midas Civil Beam Section Property Changes Page No. 9
Comparison of manual calculations and software output

3D Interaction curve

4 Discussion on Results
From midas Civil Column checking results, the direct comparision cannot be made for interaction ratios
as it is giving for maximim axial forces and bending moments, instead we will have made some manual steps
to arrive at the final interaction values to check the ratios

First in the midas Civil design output for example 1, if we go to Graphic output the PM interaction made a
plot for constant M/P i.e. eccentricity
For applied loads,
Ned = 17000 kN
Med = 14000 kNm
From interaction curve we got maximum capacities, (see 3.Axial force and moment resistance check)
Nrd = 21017 kN
Mrd = 17439 kNm
 Product: midas Civil Beam Section Property Changes Page No. 10
Comparison of manual calculations and software output

These axial capacity and moment capacities are matcing with the manual calculations.
As in the IRC SP 105:2015, these curvers plotted for constant eccentricity with some numerical factors
Now, in midas Civil graphic output, if we draw the horizontal line in the curve and if we check the ordinates
connecting to the Moment axis, this will give the Moment capacity
In short, we are considering the moment capacity corresponding to the constant axial force
From IRC SP 105:2015,
Nrd = 17484.991384 kN
Mrd = 16391.334117 kNm

These values can also be checked from the capacities shown in the text output
We can interpolate these values
Product: midas Civil Beam Section Property Changes Page No. 11
Comparison of manual calculations and software output
 Product: midas Civil Beam Section Property Changes Page No. 12
Comparison of manual calculations and software output

From interaction curve

No. Phi Eccen. Pn Mny Mnz Mn
18 1.000 0.88056 19287.1 16983.6 0.00000 16983.6
19 1.000 0.95502 17084.0 16315.6 0.00000 16315.6

After interpolation,

For M/P = 14000/17000 = 0.8235294

19287.1 16983.6
17484.9913839 16437.18424
17084 16315.6

Interaction ratio from midas Civil

Ned = 17000 kN
Med = 14000 kNm

Nrd = 17484.9913839 kN
Mrd = 16437.1842424 kNm

Interaction ratios

Ned/Nrd = 0.972

Med/Mrd = 0.852

Midas GSD output

Similarly, in midas GSD, there is specific options for checking the ratios depending upon keeping M/P constant,
keeping M constant and keeping P constant
 Product: midas Civil Beam Section Property Changes Page No. 13
Comparison of manual calculations and software output

After interpolation,
20466.409 17300.657
17484.9913839 16425.92833
16981.063 16278.079
Interaction ratio from midas Civil

Ned = 17000 kN
Med = 14000 kNm

Nrd = 17484.99138 kN
Mrd = 16425.92833 kNm

Interaction ratios

Ned/Nrd = 0.972

Med/Mrd = 0.852
 Product: midas Civil Beam Section Property Changes Page No. 14
Comparison of manual calculations and software output

5 Comparision
A comparison of midas Civil output with manual calculations is as below.

Particulars midas Civil Midas GSD IRC SP 105:2015 Difference(%)

1 Axial Capacity 17484.99 17484.99 17484.99 0.00
2 Moment Capacity 16437.18 16425.93 16391.33 0.28
3 Axial Interaction 0.972 0.972 0.972 0.00
4 Moment Interaction 0.852 0.852 0.854 -0.28
 Product: midas Civil Beam Section Property Changes Page No. 1
Comparison of manual calculations and software output

Contents: Page No.

1 Theory … 1
2 Worked out example 1 … 4
3 midas Civil output … 9
4 Discussion on the results … 14
5 Comparision

1 Theory

The section properties to be considered for design of post tensioned segemental bridges with internal
tendons shall take into account the effective area of the duct at the time of load application.
Deduction shall be made for prestressing tendons, cable ducts, sheaths or other such openings,
whether they are formed longitudinally or transversely. These deductions need not however be made
for determining the effect of loads applied after the ducts, sheaths or openings have been grouted or
filled with concrete, Where such deductions are not made, a transformed area equivalent to (m-1)
times the area of the prestressing tendon shall be taken in the calculations, m being the modular ratio.

This provision is in line with AASHTO code as well as IS 1343. Due to absense of clear provision in
IRC 112 in this regard, the practice in the industry is varied and some designers take gross area
without deduction of duct hole for calculation, for the sake of simplification. However it is
realised that for precast segmental construction, where minimum compression of 0.5Mpa is
prescribed in the code under SLS load combination, the design becomes sensitive to these
assumptions in section properties and therefore for consistancy, it recommended that this be specified.
This provisions are not only applicable to precast segmental bridges, but also to any post tensioned
prestressed concrete bridges. Therefore this provision eventually should be covered in IRC112 for
all post tensioned bridges.
 Product: midas Civil Beam Section Property Changes Page No. 2
Comparison of manual calculations and software output

Beam section property

The option for beam property variation can be found in Analysis >
Construction Stage Analysis Control Data > Beam Section Property Changes

If Change with tendon option is checked, the software considers section property as
detailed below:

For unbonded tendons : The duct area is deducted from the concrete gross area
reducing the section property.

For bonded tendons : The pre-stressing steel property is converted into an equivalent
concrete property as per the modular ratio and added with the concrete cross-section
property as shown below.

With Just beam property,

Stress at top fibre generated by Prestress = P/Ac + P.e1/(I/Y1)

With modified beam property,

Stress at top fibre generated by Prestress = P/(Ac – Ast + m.Ast) + P.e2/(I-modified/Y2)
 Product: midas Civil Beam Section Property Changes Page No. 3
Comparison of manual calculations and software output

Beam section property Constant

Grouting No

Properties
Section area 500000 mm2
Material
Concrete
Ec 32308 N/mm2

Tendon
Es 205000 N/mm2
Tendon area 1000 mm2
Prestress stress 1400 N/mm2
Force -1400000 N
e1 100 mm
Iyy 41666666667 mm4
y1 -500 mm
Grouting 0

Moment My -140000000 Nmm

Stress
Sax -2.8000 N/mm2
Sbz 1.6800 N/mm2

Top -1.1200 N/mm2

Bottom -4.480 N/mm2

Stress at top fibre generated by Prestress P/Ac + P.e1/(I/Y1)

-1.12 N/mm2
 Product: midas Civil Beam Section Property Changes Page No. 4
Comparison of manual calculations and software output

Beam section property Changes with tendon

Grouting No

Dist from top of girder to centroid 600 mm

Duct Dia 100 mm
m 6.345
duct area 7853.981634 mm2
P -1400000 N
Ac 500000 mm2
Ast 1000 mm2
ӯ 501.05772804 mm
I modified 41719553069 mm4
y2 -501.06 mm

Tendon eccentricity from CG (e2) 98.942271956 mm

(Ac – Ast + m.Ast 505345.17766

Moment My -138519180.74 Nmm

Stress
Sax -2.770 N/mm2
Sbz 1.664 N/mm2

Top -1.107 N/mm2

Bottom -4.434 N/mm2

Stress at top fibre generated by Prestress

P/(Ac – Ast + m.Ast) + P.e2/(I-modified/Y2)

-1.107 N/mm2
 Product: midas Civil Beam Section Property Changes Page No. 5
Comparison of manual calculations and software output

Beam section properties ar last stage (extracted from Results > Results table >
Construction stage > Beam section properties ar last stage)
Red colour values matched with software and manual calculations

Constant Changes no grout Changes with grout

Elem 1 1
Part I I
Area (mm^2) 500000 505345.1777
Ixx (mm^4) 2.861E+10 28610026042
Iyy (mm^4) 4.167E+10 41719978425
Izz (mm^4) 1.042E+10 10417092022
Cyp (mm) 250 250
Cym (mm) 250 250
Czp (mm) 500 501.0577
Czm (mm) 500 498.9423
WArea (mm^2) 500000 500000
Translational Distance
Local-y (mm) 0 0
Local-z (mm) 0 -1.0577
Product: midas Civil Beam Section Property Changes Page No. 6
Comparison of manual calculations and software output

Product: midas Civil Beam Section Property Changes Page No. 7

Comparison of manual calculations and software output
Product: midas Civil Beam Section Property Changes Page No. 8
Comparison of manual calculations and software output

Product: midas Civil Beam Section Property Changes Page No. 9

 Comparison of manual calculations and software output

Product: midas Civil Beam Section Property Changes Page No. 10

Comparison of manual calculations and software output
Product: midas Civil Beam Section Property Changes Page No. 11
Comparison of manual calculations and software output
Product: midas Civil Beam Section Property Changes Page No. 12
Comparison of manual calculations and software output

Product: midas Civil Beam Section Property Changes Page No. 13

Comparison of manual calculations and software output
Product: midas Civil Beam Section Property Changes Page No. 14
Comparison of manual calculations and software output