Technology and

Livelihood
NOT

Education
Quarter 2 – Module 1
Family Resources and Needs
and
Sources of Family Income

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

 Schools Division Superintendent

6
Home Economics
Quarter 2 – Module 1
Family Resources and Needs and
Sources of Family Income

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed

by educators from public and private schools, colleges, and or/universities.
We encourage teachers and other education stakeholders to email their
feedback, comments, and recommendations to the Department of Education
at action @deped.gov.ph.

We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

3
5ii
Lesson

1
FAMILY RESOURCES AND NEEDS

Objective:
Identifies family resources and needs (human, material, and nonmaterial) (Code:
TLE6HE0a-1)

1..Human Resources
Family resources as humans possess energy, time, and
skills. It is important to remember that energy, time, and skills are
considered intangible resources and limited. Every member of the
family who can contribute his/her time, effort, skills, strength,
and expertise through services or work is considered a family’s
human resources.

1.1 Capabilities, Intelligence, and Skills

Every person has his or her unique ability and intelligence in a
way that improves not only himself or herself but also others. It is
important to identify the talents and skills that each person has
and utilize them for the common good for society.
 1.2 Strength/Energy

A person’s strength/energy does not only mean having good

health and a strong body. It also means having emotional stability,
mental alertness, and having a reasonable commitment and
positive outlook in life, especially in work that improves self and
society. Strength is also needed to accomplish tasks on time to
play, entertain, and relax with the family afterward.

Therefore, a person who contributed his/her time, skills,

strength/energy, expertise, talent, capabilities, and intelligence is
considered part of human resources. This human resources can
be enhanced and developed by attending seminars, having a
healthy lifestyle, watching the news, perform the skills always.

2. Material Resources
Family resources as materials are things that can be bought
and owned through the use of money. House and lot, furniture
and appliances, jewelry, automobiles, and cash are examples
as the family’s material resources. Material resources are also
called tangible resources.

Tangible resources can be monetary or non – monetary.

Monetary is in the form of cash and bank deposits while non-
monetary resources are things that someone owns.

Every family must invest wisely in material resources, making

sure that they consider quality, durability, and appreciation value
when choosing what to purchase. Some material resources
increase in value over time like real properties and jewelry while
the value of furniture, appliances, and automobiles goes down as
they get old and worn out.

Non-monetary material resources are valuable too because

they can be sold for a certain amount of cash.

3. Non-material Resources
Time, health, and experience are examples of non-material
resources. Non-material resources are also called intangible
resources. Even non-material resources are intangible resources
still they are very important. These resources help the family to
perform their duties and responsibilities at home, in school, and at
work. Without these non-material resources, it is impossible to
perform human’s duties and responsibilities.

3.1 Time

Time is very important. This is the resource that cultivates

cooperation, the fulfilment of the prescribed duties, and the smart
maintenance of homes. This is used to start and finish the work
without giving a burden to the body or resentment to the person.

3.2 Health

The health of family members is important. The popular saying

“health is wealth” is very true to an individual. When family
members are in good health, they can do their duties without
delay.

3.3 Experience
 The more experience a family member has, the more he or she
will get hired. He/she will be paid a good amount for his or her
services. Experience is the best teacher because through job
experience the more the worker learned from his / her job. So, job
or work experience is an important non-material resource to have.
Time / Energy management
Some works require only a little time and energy to accomplish.
Proper scheduling of the different activities as managing the time
will help lessen the unnecessary labor. It helps speed up work and
reduces stress.

Activity 1.1
Directions: Underline the human resources examples inside the box. Write
your answer on your activity sheets.

time effort skills jewelry

skills strength expertise house

Activity 1.2
Directions: Choose the material resources examples inside the box. Write
your answer on the space provided.

jewellery skills cash

lot house vehicles

1. ______________________
2. ______________________ 3.
______________________ 4.
______________________ 5.
______________________

Activity 1.3
Directions: Encircle the nonmaterial resources examples inside the box.
Write your answer in your activity sheets.

time experience
jewelry vehicles

lot
health effort house

Note: Use activity sheet on page 20

Lesson

2
SOURCES OF FAMILY INCOME

The money that is received regularly by an individual, for

providing goods or services, earnings from labor, business, or
investments is called income. A family could have one or more
sources of income. The total income earned by all the members
of the household is called family income.

SOURCES OF FAMILY INCOME

a. Salary

This is the payment made to the employee for services or work

rendered. It is given regularly, either every fifteen days or every
week.

b. Profits earned from a business

 A family business is another common source of family income.
Profit is made by selling services or goods at a markup.

c. Commissions, bonuses or honoraria

Commissions are a common source of income for those

engaged in sales. Commission is a fee paid to an agent or
salesperson for enabling the sale of a service or product.
Salespeople do not usually have a large salary; their commission
allows them to earn significantly higher depending on the number
of sales they make. Commission is usually computed as a
percentage of the gross amount of the product or service sold
which is why

the opportunity to earn higher is possible.

d. Rentals from owned properties

If a family owns land real estate property, they can lease it or

rent it out to earn income.
For example, a family may purchase a condominium unit to have

it leased or rented out. e. Pension

This is a fixed sum paid regularly to a person. In most cases,

the government pays a pension to veterans and senior citizens
who have retired and had been active paying members in a
security fund, such as the Social Security System (SSS) or the
Government Service Insurance System (GSIS).

f. Dividends from stock holdings

 If a person invests money in stocks or investments, this money
will earn dividends payable at certain periods.

g. Savings or interests in savings

Money in the bank will earn interest at a minimal amount.

Savings that are invested in some enterprises can grow money
more, such as in variable life insurance.

Types of family income

1. Money Income
2. Real Income
3. Psychic Income

1. Money Income is maybe in the following forms:

Money income which provides additional comforts enjoyed by
the family.
1.a. Rent of the house and real estate
1.b. Sick Benefits Medical Allowances
1.c. Gift, dividends, securities, royalties, etc
1.d. Wages Daily, weekly or monthly wages
1.e. Interest of the capital deposited in banks
1.f. Projects Profits from investment either in business or any
other sources.
1.g. A monthly salary of all the members who are doing
government or private services.
1.h. Money from pension received by retired persons, old age
widow and other Pensioners

2. Real Income of the family consists of:

2.a. Dairy farming and poultry farming
 2.b. Food furnished by a kitchen garden.
2.c. Durable goods and commodities owned by the family.
2.d. Inherited land property, which yields crops for the family.
2.e. Kneading, embroidery, tailoring, pickling, baking, and
activities carried out in a home. 2.f. All types of knowledge
and services in household activities provided by the
members of the family.

2.g. Community facilities like parks, markets, hospitals, roads,

schools, colleges, libraries, dispensaries, fire and police
protection, community entertainments, social centers, etc.

Proper utilization of all these can increase the real income of

the family.

3. Psychic Income:
This income is the flow of satisfaction derived by the family from
the use of money income and real income. Enjoyment income is
the other term of psychic income. It is the experience over a given
period of time by the proper utilization of money income and real
income. It is in the form of rewards (as in prestige, leisure, or
pleasant surroundings) not measurable in terms of money or
goods but serving as an incentive to work in certain occupations
or situations like a creative artist can reap a psychic income that
money cannot match.

Activity 2.1
 Technology and
Livelihood
NOT

Education
Quarter 2 – Module 2
Allocation of Budget for Basic and Social
Needs and
Prepare Feasible Budget

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

 2

Home Economics
Quarter 2 –Week No.2
Allocation of Budget for Basic and Social
Needs and
Prepare Feasible Budget

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed

by select teachers, school heads and education program supervisors of the
Department of Education-Tangub City Division. We encourage teachers and
other education stakeholders to email their feedback, comments, and
recommendations to the Department of Education-Tangub City at
www.depedtangub.net

We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

 3

Lesson

3
ALLOCATION OF BUDGET FOR
BASIC AND SOCIAL NEEDS

What I Need to Know

Objectives
1.1 allocates budget for basic and social need such as: (TLE6HE0b-3)
1.1 .1 food and clothing
1.1.2 shelter and education
1.3 social needs: social and moral obligations (birthdays, baptisms,
etc.), family activities, school affairs
Let’s Define -is the amount of money set aside for planned
Budget expenses. It is a plan specifying how much money will
be spent or allocatedduring a particular period.

is related to the wise use of family resources. It is

based on the system by which wages or salaries are
Budgeting received and how these are to be spent by itemizing
the needs of the family and how much money is
needed to meet such needs.

Food Shelter Clothing

Elements of a
Education Health
Family Budget

Household
Operations
Recreation Savings
Utilities

Components or Elements of a Family Budget

Food - groceries, raw and cooked food, staples, condiments, and spices
Shelter - if not renting, includes taxes, repair, and maintenance
Clothing - uniforms, clothes, and accessories
Education - tuition fees, books, daily food, transportation allowance of children
Household operations - things needed in the house, beddings, curtains, furniture, and
other paraphernalia to make members comfortable

Utilities - electric, water, and telephone bills, gas, salaries of helpers

Health - medicine, check-up
Recreation - family outings, outside dining, watching movies.
Savings - the amount set aside or deposited in the bank.
Lesson

4 Preparing Feasible Budget

What I Need to Know

Objectives:
1.2 prepares feasible and practical budget (TLE6HE0b-4)

1.2.1 manages family resources efficiently

1.2. 2 prioritizes needs over wants

What’s New
Preparing feasible and practical budget refers to budgeting the amount of money
for the basic and social needs of the family. These needs of the family should be prioritized in
allocating the budget. This is important in managing family resources efficiently.

How to manage family resources efficiently?

• Inform all the members of the family about the budget.

• Make adjustments to your budget as necessary. Keep within the amount
allocated for budget items.
• Choose a simple lifestyle that you can sustain with your earnings.
• Buy only things that are needed.
• Schedule your expenses.
• Follow a shopping and marketing schedule.
• Avoid making unscheduled, unplanned purchases especially at a store you are
not familiar with.
• Teach the children to spend their allowance wisely.
 • Conserve energy and other utilities.
• Recycle or reuse materials.
• Repair appliances and furniture as needed.
• Take good care of your belongings.
• Buy products that are of good quality and reasonable price.

Needs and Wants

Our needs and wants motivate us to work hard. They encourage and
inspire us to get involved in productive individuals that will help our families
live better.
It is important for family members to distinguish clearly their needs
from their wants. In fam
ily budgeting, we must prioritize our needs and not
wants.
Examples of Needs: Food, Shelter, Clothing and Education
Examples of Wants: Jewelries, Expensive Cellphone
Note: Some materials are wants for others but needs for some.
Example: Laptop.
Laptop may be want for others butNeed for Teachers.

Activity 4.1

Figure 1

The picture shows, there is Philippine money, the peso bill

, and coin. Money is very
important for us to buy our daily needs like food, shelter, and clothing Directions: Answer
the following questions.

1. If you have money, what are the things you need to buy?
______________________________________________________________
2. Which is more important, buying a cellphone or buying a food? Why?
_________________________________________________________ Note:
Use activity sheet 4.1 in appendices.