CHAPTER 2

HOME MANAGEMENT
 Introduction to Home Management
• The term ‘Home Management’ was coined by Maria Parloa in
1880. When she first used the term, it simply meant anything
that needed to be accomplished within the household.

• According to Godjousson, “Household management is in all

countries, the most common occupation employing the most
people, handling the most money and is of fundamental
importance for the health of the people
• Gross and Crandall describe Home management in its
simplest terms as “using what you have to get what you
want.”

• According to Kotzin, “Home management is a practical

science. In home management, managing shows some
degree of competence. A home in which goals are being
attained with some degree of satisfaction may be
considered a well managed home.”
• Home management makes use of findings of science and
knowledge of the different aspects of family life, economic,
social, psychological, physicals, spiritual and technological.
It applies this knowledge to the use of family resources to
meet living situations, to solve problems and help resolve
conflict.
 Lesson1- Resources in Home
Management
1. Human Resources:
Human resources are less tangible resources which
originate internally and they constitute the personal
characteristics or attributes. Some resources are more
tangible than the others. They are used for productive
purposes. Human resources play a vital role in creating a
satisfied and a successful individual. The potential of
human resource is often not realized and they tend to be
overlooked. Some of the important human resources are
Knowledge, Abilities, Skills, Interest, Attitude, Energy etc.
a. Knowledge:
Knowledge is a human resource which can
constantly be built up and utilized in every sphere of
activities. The home maker’s knowledge goes a long
way in determining the success of managing a home.
A home maker can use this human resource in meal
planning for the family to meet the quantitative an
qualitative standards of the nutritional requirement.
Her knowledge about latest techniques of achieving
goals with least expenditure of money, time and
energy, help her to achieve her goals.
The home maker should have knowledge of repairing
minor electrical, learning how taxes are to be paid how to
get maximum interest from saving, running her home
economically with new techniques, giving admission to her
children, knowledge about handling and repairing
household equipment which will enhance their value and
use etc. Knowledge as a human resource can help the
homemaker to manage her home properly.
b. Abilities and Skills:
Abilities and skills are important human
resources by which the family can achieve the
goals. Abilities and skills of the homemaker and
the other members of the family can range over
wide areas from cooking, knitting, sewing and
other domestic activities. Some skills can either
be inherited or learned by practice.
c. Interest:
Interest is also a human resource. Members of the family
posses different types of interest. For e.g. the daughter may
be interested in cooking and sewing while the father or the
son may be interested in gardening or painting. All these
interests of the family should be developed and made use
of for the benefit of the family which are important human
resources. Interest in interior decoration also becomes a
wonderful resource to decorate the house with minimum
expenditure.
d. Attitudes:
Attitudes are the opinions and feelings which can stimulate
or retard a particular action. Positive attitude helps one to
fulfill the aim of life. The men with positive attitude
becomes successful in every field while negative attitude
prevents in reaching goal. So the negative attitude of the
members of the family must be changed by different ways.
It is very important which helps them to
improve. For e.g. Attitudes to bring about the
change in the food habits of people, to consume
common, inexpensive and seasonal vegetables
are the resources of the family. By these positive
attitudes the housewife can provide nutritious
food with her budget and without spending much
time and energy to search for different types of
unseasonal vegetables and foods.
e. Energy
Energy is an important human resource. This is
defined as the ability to do the work. All activities
like personal works as standing, sitting walking,
climbing stairs and other household activities as
dusting, cleaning, washing, and cooking, repairing
works require human energy. When energy of
different members of the family is wisely utilized
for household activities to achieve the family goals,
then they are considered as resource of that family.
2. Non-Human Resources:
Non-Human Resources are time, money,
properties, goods, services and community
facilities. These are also known as material
resources. These are easily identified and are
essential for the achievement of most of the
family goals. Material resources include
everything possessed by the family and by the
community to which the family belongs.
a. Time
It is an important non human resource for a family
for achieving the goals. Time is such a resource
which is available in equal amount to each and
every member of the family. Every individual has
twenty four hours a day to complete his job. For
the proper utilization of time, basic awareness
along with practice is necessary. Time is the most
easily perishable of all the resources.
b. Money
Money is the most important resource of each
and every family. It has the purchasing power. It
can be exchanged for goods and services. As
money is not available equally to all families and
is limited, the home makers must carefully
manage it to achieve goals of the families.
c. Properties:
Material resources of the family include
immovable property like houses, shops, land etc.
and movable property like money, jewelry, cars,
motorbikes equipment, furniture’s and
furnishings. These are the assets of the families
by the use of which a family can achieve the
goals.
d. Community Facilities
The most important resources of the community
which the family makes use of are hospitals,
public libraries, schools, collages, co-operative
stores, markets, parks, water and electricity
supply, playgrounds etc. Utilization of these
resources often helps to provide a family with
services and goods at a reasonable cost.
Managing Time, Energy and Money more
Effectively
Time is a precious that not a single moment of it
must be wasted. Time can be managed.
Time and activity plan is a guide which shows a
list of activities at a given time and place.
TM is often more about self-management.
Effective time management will require
you to do things you do not want to do
when you do not want to do it but it is
worth it in the bigger picture.TM doesn’t
“just happen” for anyone. It is a skill that
must be worked on and it is a life-long
challenge.
To Do List Tips:
1. Always know the one thing that you really need to
get done during the day.
2. Prioritizea & follow that priority. Take notes! Don’t
assume you’ll remember everything that comes into
your head during the day. (Use a planner, post-it
notes, notebook, whiteboard, phone app, etc).
3. Take care of small things in a batch.
4. To help with motivation, do the ugliest thing first
and allow quick reward if needed.
"Energy management" is a term that has a
number of meanings, but we're mainly concerned
with the one that relates to saving energy in
businesses, public-sector/government
organizations, and homes:
Energy Management
Energy is commonly defined as the
capacity to do work. Like time, the use of
energy has to be planned.
Energy is more difficult to manage than
time.
Forms and Effects of fatigue
1. Physical. This is the result of overworked
muscles. If you are not used to an activity,
you usually complain of tiredness.
2. Pathological. Thus is a consequence of a
physical disorder in the body. The
common colds, headache, or other
serious illnesses like diabetes or cancer
make you tire easily.
3. Psychological. This is commonly caused
by emotional problems or emotionally-
related circumstances such as boredom,
frustration, depression, anxiety, conflicts,
or fears.
Minimizing and overcoming fatique
1. Have a proper diet, regular sleep, rest
and exercise.
2. Know and understand your emotional
problems.
3. Respond to motivation.
4. Set your goals.
5. Simplify your work.
Money management
Each one is expected to budget his
income or whatever money he has in
order to meet his needs.
Budgeting your money requires spending
plan.
Controlling your expenses requires
discipline.
Savings may be defines as the amount of
money set aside as a result of careful
budgeting and eliminating certain wants
and desires.
An advantage of keeping money at home
is that money is readily available when
the nee arises.
Lesson 3- Hob Opportunities
Managing one’s home can be a full-time job for many
women. Many of today's busy families rely on support staff
to keep the home and family organized. Although wealthy
families may employ a large staff, it is more common for
busy working adults to seek a domestic member who will
help lighten the load. Depending on the needs of a
household, individuals can assist with the cleaning of
homes, caring for children, planning and cooking of meals
or simply managing the entire home. Learning which
careers are available in the field of home and family
management is the first step to an exciting job.
Estate/Household Manager
• The estate manager is the highest-level chief administrator in a
wealthy household. Based on the size of the property, the
manager may wear many hats.
• The manager works directly with the owner to plan and
implement the management of the home. The manager is often
responsible for hiring, training and ongoing management of
staff to meet the service needs of the household. Common tasks
include oversight of all staff and vendors, planning and creating
special events, or traveling ahead to ensure a vacation is
memorable. The salary ranges from $60,000 to $150,000 based
on experience.
Personal Assistant
• The personal assistant works in the home environment to
provide administrative support to the owner or entire
family. The assistant is responsible for keeping up with
social and professional demands of the household. Every
day is different and the assistant is required to be
extremely morganized and trustworthy. Common duties
include personal shopping, running errands, paying bills,
travel bookings, scheduling appointments, emails and
database management. The typical salary ranges between
$50,000 and $125,000 yearly.
Housekeeper
• Housekeepers and maids are the backbones
of keeping a home clean and beautiful. A
housekeeper can live in or out. Duties include
laundry, ironing, dusting, polishing and
vacuuming. Housekeepers should be
knowledgeable with equipment and supplies
to ensure proper care with clothing and
furniture. 
Nanny
There is no conclusive definition of what a nanny is,
however there are specific duties that a nanny will
carry out. A nanny is responsible for the care of
children in a home environment. Depending on the
ages of the children, a nanny will provide emotional,
social, physical and nurturing support. They also
create activities, schedule play dates, attend story
hours, read books, help with homework, transport kids
to and from school and provide after-school support.
Personal Chef
• There are many levels of personal chefs; from
the basic family cook to the gourmet private
chef. A chef’s primary responsibility includes
planning meals and preparing them for busy
families, staff or special events. Additional
responsibilities include shopping for food and
supplies, organization and kitchen clean-up. 
REFERENCES:
Bernardino, Josephine C. et al, “Home economics and Livelihood
Education Second Edition” The Phoenix Publishing House Inc 2016.
Basbas, Leonora D. et al, “Learning and Living in the 21 st Century
Worktext in Technology and Livelihood Education” Rex Dook Store, Inc.
2014.

https://
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es-human-and-non-human-resources/47785
https://
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https://www.blog.daydesigner.com/3-strategies-manage-time-money-
energy-achievable-goals
Thank
You