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AMITY INTERNATIONAL
SCHOOL,NOIDA
WELCOME TO THE ONLINE CLASS
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3
Fun with magnet
 ● DISCOVERY OF MAGNETS

TOPICS TO BE
ARTIFICIAL AND NATURAL
DEALT TODAY ●
MAGNETS

● MAGNETIC AND NON

MAGNETIC SUBSTANCES
Have you wondered why?
When the long hand of the crane lowers a block over a
heap of junk many pieces of iron junk get stuck to the
block?

In some pin holders, the pins seem to be sticking to the

holder.?

In some pencil boxes, the lid fits tightly when we close it

even without a locking arrangement?

Stickers that remain attached to iron surfaces like

almirahs or the doors of refrigerators?

Such stickers, pin holders and pencil boxes have

magnets fitted inside
 HOW MAGNETS WERE DISCOVERED?
The story goes like this

There was a shepherd named Magnes, who lived in ancient Greece.

He used to take his herd of sheep and goats to the nearby mountains for grazing.

He would take a stick with him to control his herd. The stick had a small piece of
iron attached at one end.

One day he was surprised to find that he had to pull hard to free his stick from a
rock on the mountainside. It seemed as if the stick was being attracted by the
rock.

The rock was a natural magnet and it attracted the iron tip of the shepherd's stick.

It is said that this is how natural magnets was discovered.

Such rocks were given the name magnetite. The substances having the property of
attracting iron are known as magnets
How magnet was discovered
Artificial magnet
Now a days magnets are made from pieces of iron. These are known as artificial
magnets. These artificial magnets are prepared in different shapes. For example,
bar magnet, horse shoe magnet, cylindrical or a ball ended magnet.

Ball ended
magnet
TYPES OF MAGNETS
Paper clip activity
Magnetic and Non Magnetic materials
We understand that magnet attracts certain materials whereas some materials
do not get attracted towards magnet.
Examples of Magnetic Substances
Examples of Non magnetic Substances
Magnetic and Non magnetic Materials
The materials which get attracted towards a magnet are known as
magnetic material– for example, iron, nickel or cobalt.

The materials which are not attracted towards a magnet are non-magnetic
materials. -for example leather,paper
Magnetic and Non-magnetic substances
 C.W
Differentiate between

Magnetic materials Non magnetic materials

They are those materials which do

They are those materials which
not get attracted to magnets.
get attracted to magnets.
They cannot be converted into
They can be converted into magnets.
magnets.
Examples are paper, wood, stone,
Examples are iron, nickel, plastic, etc.
cobalt, etc.
Properties of magnet
Activity-1
Spread some iron filings on a sheet of paper.

Now, place a bar magnet on this sheet. What do you observe?

Observation

The iron filings does not stick all over the magnet. We observe that more iron filings get
attracted to some parts of the magnet than others

Conclusion-When magnetic materials (like iron filings) are brought close to a magnet, they do not
stick evenly to all parts of the magnet. They stick more on certain parts of the magnet. These are
called the poles of the magnet. Magnetic forces are the strongest at the poles. For example, the two
ends of a bar magnet are its poles.
Property-
Each magnet has two magnetic poles—North and South.
POLES OF DIFFERENT SHAPED MAGNETS
Poles of magnet
There are two types of poles in every magnet, irrespective of its shape. These are,
by convention, called the North Pole (N) and the South Pole (S) . The two poles
cannot exist independently. That is, they always come in pairs.

If we break a bar magnet in the middle, we would get two pieces, each having a
North Pole and a South Pole. We could go on breaking the magnet into smaller
pieces, and everytime we would get both the poles in each piece.
Poles of a magnet
 C.W.

Write the key terms related to the chapter

Q1. What are magnets?

The substances having the property of attracting iron

are known as magnets.
Q2.Differentiate between magnetic and non magnetic
substances.

Refer to slide 18
HOME-WORK

Q3. What are artificial magnets ?

The magnets made from pieces of iron are known as artificial

magnets.

Q4.Draw neat labelled diagrams of different types of artificial

magnets