Petro is rock Metamorphic rocks – are formed from other rocks that

are changed because of heat or pressure. As a result,

Logos is study
the rocks are heated and put under great pressure.
Petrology means Study of rocks They do not melt, but the minerals they contain are
changed chemically forming
- studies the origin, composition, distribution and
structure of rocks. Types of Metamorphic rocks

Rocks in geology, naturally occurring of one or more 1. Contact metamorphism or thermal metamorphism
minerals.
- rocks are so close to magma that they start to partially
- it is commonly divided into three major classifications melt and change their properties.
according to the processes that resulted in their
2. reginal metamorphism or dynamic metamorphism
formation.
- typically happens when rocks are deep underground
Three Major Classifications
and they are subjected to massive pressure.
1. Igneous rocks
Sedimentary rocks
2. Metamorphic rocks
Properties
3. Sedimentary rocks
1. The properties of rocks that are similar to sediments
Igneous Rocks – formed when magma (molten rock) are
cools and crystallizes, either at volcanoes on the surface
2. Discrete layers
of the earth of while the melted rock still inside the
crust. 3. Fragmental particles

- Also called primary rocks 4. Organic composition

Types of Igneous rocks 5. A range of particle sizes, or

1. Plutonic (Intrusive) Rocks 6. A predominant particle size

2. Volcanic (extrusive) Rocks 7. Rocks may have one or all of these properties
simultaneously
Plutonic (Intrusive) Rocks – Result when magma cools
and crystallizes slowly within the Earth’s crust. Examples

Volcanic (extrusive) Rocks – Result from magma 1. Chert

reaching the surface either as lava or fragmental ejecta,
2. Conglomerate
forming rocks such as pumice or basalt.
3. Limestone
Properties and examples of Igneous Rocks
4. Rock Salt
1. They contain crystals and they are hard
5. Shale
Ex. Obsidian and pumice
6. Sandstone
2. Never contain fossils.

Ex. Rhyolite and Granite

3. They all contain minerals

Ex. Scoria and Basalt