3 Main Types of

Rocks
(Igneous, Metamorphic, Sedimentary)
By: Angela B. Belardo
 Rocks
 natural substance composed of solid crystals of different
minerals that have been fused together into a solid lump.
 any naturally occurring solid mass or aggregate
of minerals or mineraloid matter.
 Igneous rocks
 Rocks that are derived from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava
 From solidified molten rock minerals, usually hard and crystalline
a. Plutonic or Intrusive rocks
 are igneous rocks that form from crystallized magma beneath the
earth's surface.
b. Volcanic or extrusive rocks
 are formed at the crust's surface as a result of the partial melting of
rocks within the mantle and crust.
 cool and solidify quicker than intrusive igneous rocks.
 rocks formed from lava erupted from a volcano.
 are the most common rock types on Earth's surface, particularly in
the oceans.
Sedimentary rocks
a. Clastic sedimentary rocks
b. Non- clastic sedimentary rocks
Metamorphic Rocks
 arise from the transformation of existing rock types, in a process called metamorphism, which means "change in
form".
 They are formed when rock is heated by the intrusion of hot molten rock called magma from the Earth's
interior.
a. Contact metamorphism
 is the name given to changes that take place when magma is injected
into the surrounding solid rock (country rock).
b. Regional metamorphism
 also known as dynamic metamorphism, is the name given to
changes in great masses of rock over a wide area.