CHAPTER I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

Over the years, students have developed different methods of studying. One of which includes

doing the said studying while listening to music.

Listening to music while studying can be traced back to what is the so-called Mozart Effect in

which states that people who listens to the musical pieces of Mozart will experience an increase of

intelligence. On one hand, one can say that this is rooted from how workers of every industry —may it

be agricultural or manufacturing- tend to sing songs while working. A study stated that the

aforementioned working songs are for two main reasons; first is to improve the efficiency of work and

second is to relieve the boredom that is often inevitable when having to do a tedious and repetitive job.

Because of the rhythm of the songs, the workers will have coordination and increase their productivity.

An example of these songs is the traditionally Filipino song, “Magtanim Ay Di Biro”, a sung by farmers. In

addition to this, according to a study that supports the idea of listening to music, music helps students

beat stress and/or anxiety, provides motivation, and improves mood.

Therefore, this research study aims to find what songs with certain bpm will help in studying by

finding if there is a difference in the respondent’s speed in recognizing data with or without music

present.
Conceptual Framework

Music with different bpms

Attentional focus

Figure 1.1 above shows the effects of music with different BPMs on the attentional focus of

junior high-school students of Cavite Christian School academic year 2019-2020.

The independent variable is the music with different BPMs while the dependent variable is the

recognition skill.
Statement of the problem

This study aims to know whether or not there is a significant effect of listening to music with

different bpm to the recognition skills of junior high-school students. Thus, the researcher obtained

response to the following questions:

1. What is the profile of the participants in terms of:

a. Age?

b. Gender?

2. Does listening to music with different bpm have an effect on the attentional focus of junior high

school students?

Hypothesis

 Listening to music with different BPMs has no significant effect on the attentional focus of junior

high school students of Cavite Christian School S.Y. 2019-2020.

 Listening to music with different BPMs has a significant effect to the attentional focus in terms

of speed of junior high school students of Cavite Christian School S.Y. 2019-2020.
Scope and delimitations

This thesis shall focus on the effects of listening to music with different beats-per-minute to the

attentional focus of a person. The study’s scope shall only include color recognition test.

The researcher will use only 3 songs ranging from 60-180 beats-per-minute and 30 cards for the

experiment.

The respondents of this study will be a total 40 students, comprising of 5 students per section

among the junior high-school students of Cavite Christian School academic year 2019-2020.

*Significance of the study

Students. The research will help the students, especially those who tend to listen to music while

studying, to have an idea of what songs with specific bpm can increase their attentional focus.

Teachers. The study will help the teachers to know what songs with specific bpm can increase their

attentional focus and help them work more efficiently.

Quality control workers. This research will be helpful for workers in mass production to increase their

attentional focus.

Programmers. The research will be helpful for programmers to recognize software data from a cluster of

more data with no delay.

Other researchers. The research will be useful as a guide and reference for future researchers who will

conduct a study on the same topic.

Definition of terms

A. Conceptual meaning

BPM (beats-per-minute)- is a term for measuring the tempo of a piece of music.

Cards- a piece of thick, stiff paper or thin pasteboard, in particular one used for writing or printing on.

*Attentional focus- refers to the ability of a person to identify, read and analyze the meaning attached

to the word.

B. Operational meaning

Bpm (beats-per-minute)- number of beats occurring in a minute.

Cards- refers to the Stroop Color and Word Test cards that is used to test the recognition skills of the

participants.

*attentional focus- time required for a person to accurately identify, read and analyse the meaning

attached to a word.