16-02-2022

16-FEBRUARY-2022

The Hindu News Analysis – 16th February 2022– Shankar IAS Academy
S. Page Number*
News Articles
No. C B D H T

1 The pathology of school closure in India (Editorial) 8 6 8 6 6

2 NOTA option not available for civic polls 1, 2 - - - -

3 Annual Action Plan for CAMPA approved - - - 3 -

4 India to make digital maps of all villages 12 10 12 10 10

5
India slams ‘communal mindset’ of OIC over remarks 1 1 1 1 1
on hijab row
6 Prelims Practice Questions
@ end of the video
7 Mains Practice Question
*C – Chennai; B – Bengaluru; D – Delhi; H – Hyderabad; T – Thiruvananthapuram

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Pg: 8 – C, D;
Pg: 6 – T, B, H

Part A—Preliminary Examination

Paper I - (200 marks)
 Current events of national and international
importance.
 Indian Polity and Governance - Constitution,
Political System, Panchayati Raj, Public
Policy, Rights Issues, etc.
PAPER-III
General Studies-II: Governance, Constitution,
Polity, Social Justice and International
relations.
 Issues relating to development and
management of Social Sector/Services
relating to Health, Education, Human
Resources.

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Learning loss

• WB Education Director - learning poverty in India -

Previous Year Question increase from 55% to 70%

Mains 2020 • More out-of-school children.

GS – I • Increased by School closure.

Q. How have digital initiatives in Reasons for continued school closure

India contributed to the
• Widespread misinformation.
functioning of the education
system in the country? Elaborate  Unsubstantiated - misinformation.
your answer.
 Amplified on social media, television channels.
(250 Words, 15 Marks)

 To sensationalise - boosted their target rating

point (TRP).

 Affected - vulnerable parents scared of their • Delay of Government’s response.

children being hospitalised.  Arguably insufficient.

• Opinion of a small section of privileged parents.  Science communication did not match
the pace of misinformation.
 No full understanding of complexity of the issues.
 Widespread misinformation not
 Poor and middle-class parents wanted schools to
countered by the Government.
be open.
 Government did not engage with
 Largely ignored in decision making.
stakeholders for regaining trust.
 Deprived children from poor and marginalised
backgrounds of their opportunity & right to
education.

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Impacts

• Worst impact on children - already at a

• No planning and discussion on need to
disadvantage.
reopen schools.
• Learnings during the pandemic wrongly equated
 January 2021 - India almost declared
with completion of the syllabus.
victory over the COVID-19 pandemic
• Parents started to believe - learning loss can be
 Very little discussion and urgency to
addressed - attend extra classes or online
reopen schools.
EdTech solutions.

• India 80% of children - 14-18 years - lower

levels of learning than when physically present at
school.

PERI

• A structured approach.
• Engage - key stakeholders - parents and
• P-E-R-I: Prepare; Engage; Reimagine & Innovate. raise awareness.

• Prepare - for the continuity of school education.  Importance of in-person education &
holistic child development.
 Every State needs to develop a road map,
strategies and plan ahead to prevent avoidable  To counter any misinformation & to
disruptions. bring learning on track.

 COVID-19 on children - looked in the  Learning & nutrition loss - maximum for
perspective of hospitalisation. younger children.

 Risk of hospitalisation of children due to

dengue, malaria or diarrhoea is far greater
than with COVID-19.

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• Reimagine - every facet of school functioning

- improved ventilation and blended learning
 An opportunity to revive school health
methods.
services in Indian States.
 Trust will be created in Parent’s minds.
 Useful in institutionalising regular
 Children from many poor and marginalised counselling and mental health services for
communities dropped out of schools. school-age children - adolescents.

 Special initiatives - socio-political • Innovate - making school for holistic child

engagement and discourse. development.

 Every single child in need of education can  Example: A child develops emotional, social,
return to in-person learning. cognitive, communication, and language, etc
through the activities they do in schools.

Conclusion

• Hope to come out of poverty - majority of

poor and lower- and middle-income families - • Need for strategic and innovative thinking

quality education. and lasting solutions.

• Educational inequities - lessened and brought

• “Education is the passport to the future, for
tomorrow belongs to those who prepare for it to zero.

today”. • Ensure Children’s safety in gaining their

• Education - best tool to eradicate poverty. education from schools.

• Every government - prepare a mid- to long- • Socio-political responsibility.

term plan - compensate for the learning loss.

• A sufficient focus on overall child development.

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Practice Question – Mains

GS – II
Q. Education being an important tool in
eradicating poverty, the learning loss
widening due to closure of school is of
great concern. Discuss.
(250 Words, 15 Marks)

Pgs: 1, 2 – Chennai
edition

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Applicability of NOTA
None of the above (NOTA)
• Applicable to direct election to Lok Sabha and
• People Union for Civil liberties vs. Union State Legislative assembly.
of India 2013 case.
• Rajya Sabha
• Right not to vote and right to secrecy.
 Not applicable - 2018 SC judgement.
Before NOTA
 Supreme Court - NOTA in Rajya Sabha is
• Rule 49-O of The Conduct of Elections contrary to Article 80(4) and PUCL vs UOI
Rules of 1961. 2013 judgement.

 Presiding officer must be informed  NOTA defeats fairness.

about decision. • Local election

 Violated Article 14, Article 19(1)(a) and  Article 243 ZA(1) - Power with state election
Section 128 RPA 1951. commission.

 Mha, Odi, Kar, Tel and AP.

Practice Question – Prelims

Q. Consider the following statements
regarding NOTA.
1. NOTA ensures “Right not to Vote”
2. NOTA ensures “Right to Secrecy”
3. NOTA ensures “Right to Recall”
Select the correct answer using the code
given below:
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) All of the above

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Pg: 3 – Hyderabad
edition

• Compensatory afforestation (CA) - afforestation

done in lieu of diversion of forest land for non-
forestry use under Forest (Conservation) Act,
1980.

 Fund provided in Compensatory afforestation

Fund created on the order of SC.

 Monies received from user agencies towards

CA, Additional CA, Penal CA, Net Present
Value (NPV) of forest land, etc. deposited.

• 2004 - notification for constitution of ‘CAMPA’ - Source: https://share.america.gov/

not constituted till 2006.

• 2006 - SC intervened to constitute an ‘Ad-hoc

CAMPA’.

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Aims and Objectives of State CAMPA:

It shall seek to promote:
Ad-hoc CAMPA
(a) Conservation, protection, regeneration and management of existing
natural forests;
• Promoted afforestation & regeneration
(b) Conservation, protection and management of wildlife and its habitat
activities. within and outside protected areas including the consolidation of the
protected areas;
• Monies recovered and lying with the (c) Compensatory afforestation;
States and UTs - centrally pooled. (d) Environmental services, which include:-
(i) provision of goods such as wood, non-timber forest products,
• 2009 - Union govt. formulated fuel, fodder and water, and provision of services such as grazing,
tourism, wildlife protection and life support;
guidelines for State-CAMPA in 2009.
(ii) regulating services such as climate regulation, disease control,
flood moderation, detoxification, carbon sequestration and
• State-CAMPA - to accelerate
health of soils, air and water regimes;
activities for preservation of natural (iii) non-material benefits obtained from ecosystems, spiritual,
recreational, aesthetic, inspirational, educational and symbolic;
forests, management of wildlife,
and
infrastructure development etc. (iv) supporting such other services necessary for the production of
ecosystem services, biodiversity, nutrient cycling and primary
production.
(e) Research, training and capacity building.

 Constituting an authority for administration of

Compensatory Afforestation Fund Act, 2016 the funds at the national and State/UT levels.

• Objectives:  Authorities to utilize the fund for

 To provide for the establishment of CAF undertaking artificial regeneration

under the public accounts of India and (plantations), assisted natural regeneration,

public accounts of each State. protection of forests, forest-related

infrastructure development, Green India
 National level - National CAF
Programme, wildlife protection, and other
 State level - State CAF. related activities.

• Compensatory Afforestation Rules (CAF) 2018

framed.

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National Compensatory Afforestation Fund Management and Planning Authority (CAMPA)

THE COMPENSATORY AFFORESTATION FUND ACT, 2016

CONSTITUTIONOF NATIONAL AUTHORITY AND STATE AUTHORITIES
8. Constitution of National Authority.—
(1) With effect from such date as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint in this
behalf, there shall be constituted a National Authority to be called the “National Compensatory Afforestation Fund
Management and Planning Authority”.
(2) The National Authority shall manage and utilise the National Fund for the purposes of this Act.
(3) The National Authority shall consist of a governing body and shall be assisted by an executive committee,
monitoring group and administrative support mechanism.
(4) The governing body of the National Authority shall consist of the following, namely:—
(i) Minister for Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India — Chairperson, ex officio;
9. Executive committee and monitoring group of National Authority.—
(2) The executive committee of the National Authority shall consist of the following, namely:—
(i) Director General of Forests and Special Secretary, Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change,
Government of India—Chairperson, ex officio;

State Compensatory Afforestation Fund

Management and Planning Authority (CAMPA)

• Constituted in each state in 2018.

• Composition - governing body + steering

committee + executive committee.

Ex-officio Chairpersons

 Governing body - CM of the State or the

Lt Governor or Administrator of UT.

 Steering committee - Chief Secretary.

 Executive committee - Principal Chief

Conservator of Forests (Head of Forest
Force).

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Executive committee of
Annual Plan of Operations (APO)
Formulation
the State CAMPA
• Annual plan for physical activities and
financial provisions.
Submit
• Contains the activities’ brief
description, estimated cost, basis for
Scrutinizes and approves
cost estimation, agency identified for Steering committee of
execution and time schedule of each the State CAMPA Amendments, if any
activity.

• Money released by the State Authority

Submit
to agencies identified under AOP.

Final approval within

Executive committee of 3 months
the National Authority
Amendments, if any

Practice Question – Prelims Previous Year Question – Prelims 2019

Q. Consider the following statements: Q. Consider the following statements:
1. National CAMPA, also called National 1. As per law, the Compensatory
Authority, is established under the Afforestation Fund Management and
Forest Conservation Act, 1980. Planning Authority exists at both National
and State levels.
2. The executive committee of National
2. People’s participation is mandatory in the
CAMPA is mandated to review the
compensatory afforestation programmes
annual plan of operations of State
carried out under the Compensatory
CAMPA within three months. Afforestation Fund Act, 2016.
Which of the statements given above Which of the statements given above is/are
is/are correct? correct?
a) 1 only (a) 1 only
b) 2 only (b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2 (c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2 (d) Neither 1 nor 2

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Pg: 12 – C, D; Pg: 10 – T, B, H

SVAMITVA (Survey of Villages Abadi & Mapping

with Improvised Technology in Village Areas Objective

Scheme) • Establish clear ownership.

• Central Sector Scheme • To Provide record of rights.

• Ministry of Panchayati Raj Aims

• 24th April - 2021 • Create accurate land records.

• Collaborative effort of • Bring financial stability to rural India.

 Ministry of Panchayati Raj • Accurate determination of Property Tax.

 State Revenue Department • Quality Gram Panchayat Development Plan.

 State Panchayati Raj Department

 Survey of India

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Continuously Operating Reference Stations

(CORS) Network

• Help in benchmarking location.

• Accuracy up to 5 centimeter.

• Can be used by

 Revenue Department

 Gram Panchayat (GP).

 Public Works Department.

 Rural Development Department.

 Agriculture, Drainage & Canal.

Source – svamitva.nic.in
 Education, Electricity, Water and Health.

Practice Question – Prelims

Q. Consider the following statements about
SVAMITVA Scheme.
1. National Programme Management Unit
(NPMU) will be set up at the National
level for overall management, monitoring
of various activities under Scheme.
2. Technology Implementation Agency for
the scheme is Ministry of Panchayat
Select the correct answer using the code
given below:
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

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Pg: 1 – C, T, B, D, H

Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC)

• Third Islamic Conference of Foreign
Origin and evolution Ministers - 1972.

• Second largest organization after the United  OIC Charter adopted.

Nations.
 Laid down objectives and principles of
• 1969 Rabat Summit Morocco. the organization.

• Resolution on cooperation and mutual assistance Other information

passed.
• Good relation with UN and other
• 1970 First Islamic Conference of Foreign organization.
Ministers - Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
• Protect interest of Muslims.
 Decision to establish a permanent secretariat.
• Remove misconception and discrimination.
 Organization to be headed by a secretary
• Total - 57 members.
general.

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• 18 priority areas with 107 goals • Key bodies

 Peace and Security  Islamic Summit

 Palestine and Al-Quds
 Council of Foreign Ministers (CFM)
 Poverty Alleviation
 Counter-terrorism  General Secretariat

 Investment and Finance  Al-Quds Committee

 Food Security
• Three permanent committees concerned with
 Science and Technology
science and technology, economy and trade,
 Climate Change and Sustainability
and information and culture election.
 Moderation, Culture and Interfaith Harmony
• Specialized Body.
 Empowerment of Women
 Joint Islamic Humanitarian Action  Islamic Development Bank.
 Human Rights
 Islamic Educational, Scientific and Cultural
 Good Governance
Organization.

Practice Question – Prelims

Q. Which of the following countries are
members of Organization of Islamic
Cooperation (OIC)?
1. Cameroon
2. Nigeria
3. Palestine
4. Albania
5. Bulgaria
Select the correct answer using the code
given below:
a) 1, 2 and 3
b) 1, 2, 4 and 5
c) 1, 2, 3 and 4
d) All of the above

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Previous Year Question – Prelims 2019

Q. Consider the following statements:
1. As per law, the Compensatory
Afforestation Fund Management and
Planning Authority exists at both National
and State levels.
2. People’s participation is mandatory in the
compensatory afforestation programmes
carried out under the Compensatory
Afforestation Fund Act, 2016.
Which of the statements given above is/are
correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2

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Practice Question – Prelims

Q. Consider the following statements
regarding NOTA.
1. NOTA ensures “Right not to Vote”
2. NOTA ensures “Right to Secrecy”
3. NOTA ensures “Right to Recall”
Select the correct answer using the code
given below:
a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) All of the above

Practice Question – Prelims

Q. Consider the following statements:
1. National CAMPA, also called National
Authority, is established under the
Forest Conservation Act, 1980.
2. The executive committee of National
CAMPA is mandated to review the
annual plan of operations of State
CAMPA within three months.
Which of the statements given above
is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

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Practice Question – Prelims

Q. Consider the following statements about
SVAMITVA Scheme.
1. National Programme Management Unit
(NPMU) will be set up at the National
level for overall management, monitoring
of various activities under Scheme.
2. Technology Implementation Agency for
the scheme is Ministry of Panchayat
Select the correct answer using the code
given below:
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

Practice Question – Prelims

Q. Which of the following countries are
members of Organization of Islamic
Cooperation (OIC)?
1. Cameroon
2. Nigeria
3. Palestine
4. Albania
5. Bulgaria
Select the correct answer using the code
given below:
a) 1, 2 and 3
b) 1, 2, 4 and 5
c) 1, 2, 3 and 4
d) All of the above

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Prelims Practice Questions –Answers

Q1. Option(a) – 1 only
Q2. Option(a) – 1 and 2 only
Q3. Option(b) – 2 only
Q4. Option(a) – 1 only
Q5. Option(c) – 1,2 3 and 4

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