Microsoft Excel

Introduction to Microsoft Excel

There are several Spreadsheet programs but from all of them. Excel is most widely used. People have
been using it for the last 30 years. and throughout these years. It has been upgraded with more and
more features.

The best part about Excel is it can apply to many business tasks, including statistics, finance, data
management, forecasting, analysis, inventory, billing, and business intelligence.

Three most important components of Excel:

 Cell
 Worksheet
 Workbook

Features of MS Excel
Various editing and formatting can be done on an Excel spreadsheet.

 Home: Comprises options like font size, font styles, font colour, background colour, alignment,
formatting options and styles insertions and deletion of cells and editing options.
 Insert: Comprises options like font size, font styles, font colour, back, inserting images and
figures, adding graphs, charts and sparklines, header and footer option, equation, and symbols.
 Page Layout: Themes, orientation and page setup, setup options are available under the page
layout option
 Formulas: Since tables with a large amount of data can be created in MS Excel, under this
feature you can add formulas to your table and get a quicker solution.
 Data: Adding external data (from the web), filtering options and data tools are available under
this category.

Data Analytics using MS Excel

 Sort: You can set excel data on one column or multiple columns. You can sort in ascending or
descending order.
 Filter: Filter your Excel data if you only want to display seconds that meet certain criteria.
 Conditional Formatting: Conditional formatting in Excel enables you to highlight cells with a
certain colour, depending on the cell’s value.
 Charts: A simple excel chart can say more than a sheet full of numbers. As you see creating
charts is very easy.

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 Pivot Table: Pivot tables are one of Excel’s most powerful features. A pivot table allows you
extract the significance from a large, detailed data set.
 Tables: Master excel tables and analyse your data quickly and easily.

Pivot table of multivariable analysis

It's perfectly ok to drag more than one field to an area in a pivot table, we will look at an example of
multiple row fields, multiple value fields and multiple report filter fields.

Remember, our data set consists of 213 records and 6 fields order ID, Product Category, Amount, Date
and country.

Multiple row fields:

 Category field and country field to the Rows area.
 Amount field to the Values area.

Multiple value fields:

 Country fields to the rows area.
 Amount field to the value area.
 Next, click any cell inside the sum of the amount 2 columns.
 Right click and click on value field settings.
 Enter Percentage for custom name.
 On the show values as tab, select of grand total.
 Click ok.

Advanced features of MS Excel using dataset:

 Fuzzy machine: Fully Machine is a Microsoft Excel Productivity feature that allows to check
through related items across different lists and merge them if they are approximately similar
 New Window and arrange: If your work require. you to deal with multiple worksheets then this
is a feature you will find helpful. Microsoft Excel allows. you. to open various windows and
arrange them as you wish for the case to access.

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 Text to Columns: So, you have been making changes to your worksheet when suddenly you
must split the data from. one column into different ones, say you want to have the first and
second names in two separate columns.
 Import statistics from websites: Transforming data from a particular website to your Excel -
sheet can also be a point, but not anymore with the import state feature, it’s all so simple Here’s
what you need to do to get this feature up and running.
 Custom lists: Custom lists are an efficient way of avoiding tedious data entry and the risk of
errors.

MS Excel data cleaning

There are the same ways of cleaning data in Excel:

 Get Rid of Extra spaces: Consider data with four cells. with different spacing errors, Now selects
a column & type Now select the cell you want to correct. The cell will be corrected.
 Convert Numbers Stored as text into No: when we import data from files, other sources,
databases, text, etc. select any blank call & C, Now select type, then select that call & hit ctrl+ t
your data set & go to paste in paste special Select Multiply option in the operation category
Now click Ok.
 Remove Duplicates: Elimination of duplicate data is necessary for the creation of unique data &
less usage of storage. In duplication, you can either highlight it or delete it.
 Parse Data using Text to Column: Sometimes the received Data has texts filled in on cell, only
separated by punctuations. Usually, the address is cramped in one cell separated. by a comma.
To distinguish Values in separate "cells, we can use "Text to Column.
 Spell check: spelling Mistakes are common in text files & PowerPoint. However, MS Points out.
such persons by underlining it with colourful dashes. MS Excel have such feature. But you can
use it below.

Steps: MIS report provides a summarised and bulletin view of different verticals that are required to
be monitored for the proper functioning of your business. The primary use of this report is to take
set parameters and compare them to the performance of business operations.

How it works: They provide a concise view of a company. performance in terms of revenue, orders,
customer queries, HR, and Employee performance.

Types of MIS Reports:

 Sales MIS Reports

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 MIS Reports in Accounts

 Budget Reports
 Production Reports.
 Funds statement Reports
 Profit Report

Pie Chart: Pie charts are used to display the contribution of each value (slice) to a total (pie).
Pie chart always use one data series:

 Select the range.

 On the Insert tab in the charts group. Click the pie symbol.
 Click pie.
 Click on the pie to Select the whole pie, click on a slice to drag it away from the center.
 Select the range, hold down Ctrl and select the range.
 Create the pie chart (repeat steps 2-3).
 Click the legend at the bottom and press delete.
 Select the pie chart.
 Click the button on the right side of the chart and click the checkbox next to labels.
 Click the point brush icon on the right side of the chart and change the colour.
 Right click the pie chart and click the format data labels.
 Check category name, uncheck value, check percentage and click center.

To Complete the numerical:

1. Descriptive statistic: You can use the analysis tool pack add in to generate descriptive statistics
for example, you may have the scores of 14 participants for a test.

To Generate descriptive following are the steps:

 On the data tab in the analysis group click data analysis.
 Select descriptive statistics and click ok.
 Select the range A2: A15 as the input range.
 Select cell C1 as the output range.
 Make sure summary statistics is checked.
 Click ok.
2. Covariance: In this Excel tutorial, I you will teach yourself how to calculate Covariance is Excel.
We can detect the existence of the relationship by examining to covariance. Covariance is the
average of the products of the deviations of each data point pair use covariance to define the
relationship two datasets.

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 A positive value of covariance occurs when both examined characteristic are moving in
the same direction.
 Negative covariance occurs when the increase in the value of and feature tends to
decrease the value of the other.
 Sample covariance to calculate Sample covariance use covariance excel function.
COVARIANCE Syntax = COVARIANCE.S (array 1, array2)
 In the given example sample covariance formula is LO VARIANCE.S (A2: A101 B2: B/0)
i. Population covariance to Calculate population: excel function COVARIANCE
P(array 1, assay 2).
3. Whisker plot: A whisker plot is defined as a graphical method of displaying variation in a set of
data. In most cases a histogram analysis. provides a sufficient display but a box and whisker. Plot
provide additional detail while allowing Multiple sets of data to be displayed in the same graph.

Why use a box and whisker plot: Box and whisker plots allow for comparison of data from
different categories for easier, more effective decision making.

When to use whisker plat use whisker plots when you multiple data set.

 Test scores between school and classroom.

 Data from before and after a process change.
 Similar feature on one part, such as can shift.
 Data from duplicate machines manufacturing the same products.

How to make whisker plot: The procedure to develop a box and whisker plot comes from the
five static:

 Minimum value
 Second quartile
 Median value
 Third quartile
 Max value

To develop tables and charts for categorical and numerical data:

1. Bar Chart: Bar chart in Excel is one of the easiest types of the chart to prepare by Just selecting
the parameters and values available against them. We must have at least one value for each
parameter Bas chart is shown horizontally, keeping their base of the bars as bar chart come
accessed from the insert menu tab from the charts lection which has different types of Bar chart
such as clustered Bar, stacked Bar and 100%

Stacked Bars available in 2D and 3D Types.

How to create Bar chart in Excel:

 Select the data

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 Go to insert and click an Bar chart.

 Once you click on the chart, it will insert the chart as shown in the below image.
 Remove gridlines. Select the chart go to layout -> gridlines - Primary vertical gridlines >
none.
 Go to fill and select very colours by paint.

Data Execution:
1. Data Exporting: Using the export you can export Exporting. date from an Access dataset to in a
fill format that can be used by Excel. This article shows you how to prepare export your data.
Shows how to excel and given your some you are troubleshooting this for common problems
that might occurs.
2. Exporting data to Excel: The basis when you Export data to Excel Access Charts data in a file
that can be opened in Excel if you copy data from Access to Excel frequently.
a. About exporting data to excel
i. Access does not include a "Save As" Commend, the Excel format to copy and for
your data to excel the export feature described this article can copy access data
to the clip board and then paste it into an Excel spreadsheet.
ii. You can Export & table, query, from or report. you can also export, records in a
multi play record view such as a dataset.
iii. Microsoft Excel includes a commend to input data from a access database you
can use that command instead of export command in access.
iv. You cannot export macros or modules to excel when you export form report or
datasheet that contain sub forms sub reports or sub datasheets only the main
forms or datasheet to exported.
b. Data Segmentation: Click the data tab in the ribbon than look in the “Data Toasts”
group and click “Text to columns” the “Convert text to columns will appear.
i. How to segregate data in excel
1. Select the cell or column that contains the text you want to split.
2. Select data > text to columns
3. In the convert text to columns wizard select delimited > next.
4. Select the destination for your data.
5. Select next.
6. Select the destination in your worksheet which is where you want the
split data to topper.

c. Working with pivot table: A pivot chart is the visual representation of a pivot table in
excel. Pivot table in excel-pivot charts and pivot tables are committed with each other.
i. Insert Pivot chart:
1. Click any cell inside the pivot table.
2. On the analyse tab, in the tools, pivot charts groups.

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3. Click ok
ii. Filter pivot chart
1. Use the standard filters (triangles next to product and country).
2. Remove the country filter.
3. Because we added the category field to the filter area, we can filter this
pivot chart (and pivot table by Category.
iii. Change pivot chart type:
1. Select the chart
2. On the design tab the type of group click change chart type.
3. Choose pie.
4. Click ok.