^mhj 6.6 crjgbkjs nm Imwhjrl y

crjgbkjs nm Gjn`h
 

NB[^VBF]KB@I NM M[G]MVU@[ MI MA ^MVVMI@ NMFBN@ J ]IJ

KJVCJ ]IBG@VHMHMI^M GB[^VBF]BNJ NM K]JA
K]JAZ]BMV
Z]BMV G@VHJ
]^BABUJIN@ CVJGBKJ[ NM IMSHJVL

•
Mi aj mik`itrjr
pjrj uibvmrsbnjn
nmnm Baabi`bs,jpr`xbhjnj
hjimrj sm bnm` ui ma
sbstmhj nm s`aukbûi
bikrmhmit` crjgbk
crjgbkj
nm msgumrz` j
vmrtbkja nmfje` nm kujaqubmr puit`, k`i kujaqubmr tbp` y g`rhj nm
kjrcj, fjsjn` mi aj s`aukbûi pjrj ui puit` fje` ma kmitr` nm uij

guinjkbûi k`i kjrcj uibg`rhmhmitm rmpjrtbnj nm g`rhj kbrkuajr

 

Aj g`rhj nm mik`itrjr ma bikrmhmit` nm msgumrz`

vmrtbkja ∇ z) fje` kujaqubmr puit` nm aj guinjkbûi

` p`r gumaaj nm maaj, j uij pr`guinbnjn kujaqubmrj
z) njnj ms5
• Kjrjktmrbzjr aj kjrtj nm Imwhjrl k`i aj qum sm vj j trjfjejr, qum
k`isbstm
k`isbstm mi bnmitbgbkjr ma vja`r nm bigaumikbj, kjnj kjrtj tminrê
tminrê ui`, mi
kjnj kjs` sm nmfm bnmitbgbkjr
b nmitbgbkjr aj rmgmrmikbj
rmgmrmikbj nm mskjaj, qum ms aj aèimj
qum rmprmsmitj aj pr`guinbnjn (z) j aj kuja sm am vj j mik`itrjr ma
bikrmhmit` nm msgumrz`
• Jn`ptjin` aj pr`guinbnjn (z) j aj kuja sm vj j mik`itrjr
mik`itrjr ma
bikrmhmit` nm msgumrz` vmrtbkja (∇ϋz) aj aèimj nm rmgmrmikbj nm mskjaj

sm v`avmrê
v`avmrê
qumnjrê bcuja jajajmskjaj
nmgbibn pr`guinbnjn (z) t`hjnj, nm jkumrn` j mst`
nma pr`kmnbhbmit`
 

• [m nmfmrê nbfuejr aj guinjkbûi mi pajitj nm jkumrn` j aj mskjaj

nmgbibnj mi ma pjs` jitmrb`r, pjrj aumc` k`a`kjr mstm msqumhj j mskjaj
s`frm aj kjrtj nm Imwhjrl, djkbmin` k`bikbnbr ma puit` fje` ma kuja sm
nmsmj mik`itrjr ma bikrmhmit` nm msgumrz` k`i ma kmitr` nm aj kjrtj
nm Imwhjrl.
(j) mi kjs` nm bikrmhmit` nm msgumrz` mi ma kmitr` nm aj guinjkbûi
(f) pjrj ma kjs` nma bikrmhmit` nm msgumrz` mi aj msqubij nm
kbhmitjkb`i
 

• Gbijahmitm sm k`itjrji kujit`s kujnr`s qumnji nmitr` nma msqumhj

nm aj guinjkbûi, suhêin`sm a`s kujnr`s k`hpamt`s
k`hpamt`s y ajs grjkkb`ims nm
rmkujnr`s k`i ma kubnjn` nm uij fumij jprmkbjkbûi.
rmkujnr`s
• Nm jkumrn` ja jitmrb`r pr`kmnbhbmit` nmskrbt`, ma vja`r nma
bikrmhmit` nm msgumrz` vmrtbkja (∇ϋz) mi ui puit` kujaqubmrj fje` aj
guinjkbûi, j uij pr`guinbnjn (z) njnj, sm nmgbibrê k`h`5
•   (∇ϋz) 8WqI
• W8 Wja`r nm bigaumikbj nm aj kjrtj nm Imwhjrl nm rmgmrmikbj, kjnj
kjrtj tminrê ui`.
• q8 [`frmkjrcj uibg`rhmhmitm nbstrbfubnj pr`nukbnj p`r aj
kbhmitjkbûi
• I8 iuhmr` nm nbvbsb`ims
nbvbsb`ims nm aj kjrtj nm im
imwrhjrl
wrhjrl nm rmgmrmikbj,
rmgmrmikbj, qum

mstâi nmitr` nm aj pajitj nm aj kbhmitjkbûi.

 

Êfjk` nm mwhjrl

• Nmtmrhbij ma bikrmhmit` nm msgumrz` vmrtbkja ( ϋz )j uij pr`guinbnjn z

nmfje` nm uij vmrtbkja pjsjin` p`r aj jrbstj nma êrmj rmktjicuajr. [`i
nmgbibnjs ajs sbcubmitms rmajkb`ims k`i a`s pjrêhmtr`s nm h y i.
 

CVJGBKJ[ NM GJN]H< _JVJ KJAK]AJV MA BIKVMHMI^@ NM

M[G]MVU@[ WMV^BKJA KJ][JN@[ _@V ]IJ KBHMI^JKB@I
VMK^JIC]AJV
_mrhbtm nmtmrhbijr ma juhmit` nm tmisbûi vmrtbkja
ϋ fje` uij kjrcj trbjicuajr nm ajrc` bigbibt`
z
 

• _jrj kjakuajr ma bikrmhmit` nma msgumrz` vmrtbkja ∇ϋW t`tja, fje` aj

msqubij nm ui êrmj rmktjicuajr, nm ajn`s F y A, qum mstê
uibg`rhmhmitm
uibg`rhmhmi tm kjrcjnj. Ma puit` I mstê j uij pr`guinbnjn U j pjrtbr
nm aj msqubij. B? ms ma GJK^@V NM BIGA]MIKBJ. h y i s`i
‑bitmrkjhfbjfams‘