01 FRNT Pge

“ANALYSIS OF BITUMEN WITH LDPE
AND PVC DUST FOR USE IN FLEXIBLE

PAVEMENT”
A
Dissertation
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of

Degree of
MASTER OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT
Submitted to
RAJIV GANDHI PROUDYOGIKI VISHWAVIDHYALAYA,

BHOPAL (M.P.)
Submitted by
ANSHOO VERMA
(0105CE16MT03)
Under the Supervisionof
Prof. SANDEEP K SHRIVASTAVA
Department of Civil Engineering

ORIENTAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY,
BHOPAL (M.P.)-462021, INDIA
AUG - 2020
i
ORIENTAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Approved by AICTE, New Delhi & Govt. of M.P. Affiliated to Rajiv Gandhi Proudyogiki Vishwavidyalaya, Bhopal
Oriental Campus, Thakral Nagar, Raisen Road, Bhopal-462 022 (M.P.) INDIA
BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the dissertation entitled “ANALYSIS OF BITUMEN

WITH LDPE AND PVC DUST FOR USE IN FLEXIBLE
PAVEMENT” has been carried out by ANSHOO VERMA
(0105CE16MT03) student of “Master of Technology” in Construction
Technology & Management under my supervision and guidance in the
Department of Civil Engineering.
Date:
Place: Bhopal
APPROVED & SUPERVISED BY:
SUPERVISOR
Prof. SANDEEP K SHRIVASTAVA

Prof. & Head Department of Civil Engineering
OIST, Bhopal
FORWARDED BY:
PROF. SANDEEP K SHRIVASTAVA Dr. K.G.SUDHAKAR

HEAD
Department Of Civil Engineering Director
OIST, BHOPAL OIST,Bhopal
ii
CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL
The dissertation entitled “ANALYSIS OF BITUMEN WITH LDPE AND
PVC DUST FOR USE IN FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT” being submitted by
ANSHOO VERMA (0105CE16MT03) has been examined by us and is
hereby approved for the award of degree Master of Technology in
Construction Technology and Management, for which it has been
submitted. It is understood that by this approval the undersigned do not
necessarily endorse or approve any statement made, opinion expressed or
conclusion drawn there in, but approve the dissertation only for the purpose
for which it has been submitted.
(INTERNALEXAMINER) (EXTERNALEXAMINER)
DATE: DATE:
iii
DECLARATION-I
I ANSHOO VERMA (0105CE16MT03) student of Master of Technology

in Construction Technology and Management, Oriental Institute of
Science & Technology, Bhopal (M.P) hereby declare that the work
presented in this dissertation entitled “ANALYSIS OF BITUMEN WITH
LDPE AND PVC DUST FOR USE IN FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT” is the
outcome of my own work, is Bonafide and correct to the best of my
knowledge and this work has been carried out taking care of engineering
ethics. The work presented does not infringe any patented work and has not
been submitted to any other University or anywhere else for the award of
any degree or any professional diploma.
ANSHOO VERMA
(0105CE16MT03)
iv
DECLARATION-II
I hereby declare that the dissertation entitled “ANALYSIS OF BITUMEN

WITH LDPE AND PVC DUST FOR USE IN FLEXIBLE
PAVEMENT” is being submitted on the partial fulfillment for the award of
the degree of Master of Technology in “Construction Technology and
Management”. The work has been carried out in the department of “Civil
Engineering” (Oriental Institute of Science & Technology, Bhopal) is an
authentic record of my own work carried under the guidance of “Prof.
Sandeep K Shrivastava” I have not submitted the matter embodied in this
report for award of any degree.
I also declare that a check for Plagiarism has been carried out on the thesis /
project / dissertation and is found within the acceptable limit and report of
which is enclosed here with.
Date:
Place: Bhopal
ANSHOO VERMA
(0105CE16MT03)
Supervisor
Prof. SANDEEP K SHRIVASTAVA Director Sign with Seal
Prof. & Head Dept. of Civil Engineering
OIST, Bhopal
v
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This Dissertation is the result of guidance and support of various people at

Oriental institute of science and technology, without whom all my effort
would have been directionless and fruitless. I sincerely thank all of them, for
assisting me in completing the dissertation.
I express my heartfelt and profound gratitude to Dr. K.G.SUDHAKAR

Director OIST Bhopal for his valuable suggestions at all stages of my research
work.
I express my ardent and earnest gratitude to my guide PROF. SANDEEP K

SHRIVASTAVA, Prof. & Head Department of Civil Engineering, OIST
Bhopal, for his help and encouragement at all the stages of my dissertation.
His guidance and motivation helped me to be fruitful in my effort.
Finally, I would like to say that I am indebted to my parents for everything

that they have done for me.
All of this would have been impossible without their constant support.
And I also thank to God for being kind to me and driving me through this
journey.
ANSHOO VERMA
(0105CE16MT03)
vii
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE i
BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE ii
CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL iii
DECLARATION-I iv
DECLARATION-II v
AFFIDAVIT vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT vii
TABLE OF CONTENT viii
LIST OF TABLES xii
LIST OF FIGURES xiii
LIST OF GRAPHS xiv
ABBREVIATIONS xv
ABSTRACT xvi
viii
CHAPTER-1 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background 1
1.1.a Statement of the Problems 3
1.2 Mix Design 5

1.2.a Overview
5
1.2.b Objectives of mix design
5
1.2.c Types of mix
5
1.3 Polymer modification of BC
6
1.3.a Need of the hour
6
1.3.b Waste plastic is a concern
6
1.4 Basic materials
6
1.4.a Aggregate
6
1.4.b Bitumen
7
1.4.c Polythene
8
1.4.d PVC 9
1.6 Objectives of thesis 10
1.7 Organization of thesis 11
CHAPTER – 2 12
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 General 12
ix
2.2 Summary of literature review:
20
CHAPTER – 3 21
METHODOLOGY
3.1 General
21
3.2 Preparation of material 22
3.3 Mixing of material 23
3.4 Preparation of sample 23
3.5 Testing of sample 24
3.5.a Penetration Test 25
3.5.b Ductility Test 26
3.5.c Softening Test 28
3.5.d Marshall Stability test 30
3.5.d.a Mixing Procedure 32
CHAPTER – 4 33
CALCULATION
4.1 General 33
4.2 Penetration Test 33
4.3 Ductility Test 34
4.4 Softening Test 36
4.5 Marshall Stability test 37
CHAPTER – 5 40
RESULT& DISCUSSION
5.1 Result 40
x
5.2 Bitumen testing 40
5.2.a Penetration test result 41
5.2.b Ductility test result 42
5.2.c Softening test result 43
5.2.d Marshall test result 44
CHAPTER – 6 46
CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE
6.1 Conclusion 46
6.2 Future Scope 47
REFERENCES 48
PLAGIARISM REPORT
xi
LIST OF TABLES
Table 3.1 Quantity detail of material for sample 24
Table 3.2 Detail of Marshall sampling mould 30
Table 4.1 Penetration Test Value 33
Table 4.2 95% bitumen ,2.5% LDPE 2.5% PVC dust 34
Table 4.3 90% bitumen ,5% LDPE 5% PVC dust 34
Table 4.4 85% bitumen ,7.5% LDPE 7.5% PVC dust 35
Table 4.5 80% bitumen ,10% LDPE 10% PVC dust 35
Table 4.6 Calculation for softening point 36
Table 4.7 Quantity of material 37
Table 4.8 Marshall stability value 38
Table 4.9 Marshall Flow value 39
Table 5.1 Penetration test Result 41
Table 5.2 Ductility test Result 42
Table 5.3 Softening test Result 43
Table 5.4 Marshall test Results 44
Table 5.5 Marshall Flow value 45
xii
LIST OF FIGURE
Fig1.1 Sample of plastic waste (PVC) 8
Fig1.2 Shredding of plastic Waste 9
Fig1.3 Sample of PVC dust 10
Fig3.1 Weight of LDPE and PVC dust 22
Fig3.2 Shredding of LDPE 23
Fig3.3 Preparation of sample 24
Fig3.4 Penetration test 26
Fig3.5 Ductility Testing machine 27
Fig 3.6 Ductility test reading 28
Fig3.7 Softening test instrument 29
Fig3.8 Softening test reading 30
Fig 3.9 Marshall sampler mould 31
Fig3.10Marshall sample preparation 31
Fig3.11 Marshall Sample 32
xiii
LIST OF GRAPHS
GRAPH 5.1: Comparative analysis of various test 40
GRAPH 5.2:Penetration value with % polythene and PVC 41
GRAPH 5.3: Ductility value with % polythene and PVC 42
GRAPH 5.4: Softening point value with % polythene and PVC 43
GRAPH 5.5 : Stability no. with % polythene and PVC 44
GRAPH 5.6 :Flow value with % polythene and PVC 45
xiv
ABBREVIATIONS
Voids in Mineral Aggregates
VMA
Air Voids
VA
VFB Voids Filled Bitumen

Optimum Bitumen Content
OBC
ASTM AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIAL

Bitumen Volume
Vb
Indirect Tensile Strength

ITS
D
Density of bitumen at 25oC
25
xv
ABSTRACT
Bitumen is a binding material mostly used in construction projects like road surfacing, airports,
parking lots etc. This is primarily because of their excellent binding characteristics and water proofing
property. It has adhesive properties and is soluble in carbon disulphide.
In this research work waste plastic (Low Density Polyethylene) and PVC dust is used like as modifier
to prepare samples for tests to determine the engineering properties of the modified bitumen. Other
objectives of the this research were to analyze the effect of waste plastic and PVC modified bitumen
on road quality and to assess the field performance of modified bituminous performance.
To fulfill the objectives of this study, first of all waste plastic like as sanchi milk pouch waste
polythene was collected from local tea stall in Bhopal and shredded (2.5mm - 3mm). And waste PVC
dust was collected from Govindpura industrial area. after a total of 04 (Four) modified binders and
mixes are prepared with 2.5%, 5%, 7.5% and 10% waste plastic and PVC dust respectively content to
perform the test of Penetration, Ductility, Softening point, Marshall stability test.
After performing these test and find the rheological or engineering properties of modified bitumen then
Marshall Specimens were prepared with these binders and Marshall Tests were performed accordingly.
The performances of modified bituminous mixes are evaluated by determining stability, flow, density
and void in the mixes.
The study results shows that rheological properties like Penetration, Ductility of waste plastic and
PVC dust modified bitumen decreases with increase of these contents. While Softening point,
increases with increase in polymer contents in bitumen. The Marshall stability test results shows that
the polymer increases the stability values of the compacted mixes with increasing. The polymer
content in the bitumen up to optimum level (i.e.5%). The values obtained in the Marshall stability test
show increasing pattern up to 5%of PVC dust and waste plastic content, whereas the density of the
compacted mixes slightly decreases with the increase of polymer contents in the bitumen.
xvi
This paper presents a research study the behavior of BC mix modified with waste polythene and
PVC dust. Various percentages of these polymer are used for preparation of mixes with a aggregate
grading as given in the IRC Code.
Key words : Bitumen, PVC dust, waste polythene, Marshall test, LDPE , Penetration Test, etc..
xvii
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“ANALYSIS OF BITUMEN WITH LDPE

AND PVC DUST FOR USE IN FLEXIBLE

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of

CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY & MANAGEMENT

RAJIV GANDHI PROUDYOGIKI VISHWAVIDHYALAYA,

Under the Supervisionof

Prof. SANDEEP K SHRIVASTAVA

Department of Civil Engineering

This is to certify that the dissertation entitled “ANALYSIS OF BITUMEN

Department of Civil Engineering.

APPROVED & SUPERVISED BY:

Prof. SANDEEP K SHRIVASTAVA

PROF. SANDEEP K SHRIVASTAVA Dr. K.G.SUDHAKAR

I ANSHOO VERMA (0105CE16MT03) student of Master of Technology

I hereby declare that the dissertation entitled “ANALYSIS OF BITUMEN

xkbZM ,oa lapkyd@izkpk;Z }kjk lR;kfir fd;k tkos

xkbZM ds gLrk{kj lapkyd@izkpk;Z

This Dissertation is the result of guidance and support of various people at

I express my heartfelt and profound gratitude to Dr. K.G.SUDHAKAR

I express my ardent and earnest gratitude to my guide PROF. SANDEEP K

Finally, I would like to say that I am indebted to my parents for everything

CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL iii

TABLE OF CONTENT viii

LIST OF TABLES xii

LIST OF FIGURES xiii

LIST OF GRAPHS xiv

1.1.a Statement of the Problems 3

1.2 Mix Design 5

1.6 Objectives of thesis 10

1.7 Organization of thesis 11

3.2 Preparation of material 22

3.3 Mixing of material 23

3.4 Preparation of sample 23

3.5 Testing of sample 24

3.5.a Penetration Test 25

3.5.b Ductility Test 26

3.5.c Softening Test 28

3.5.d Marshall Stability test 30

3.5.d.a Mixing Procedure 32

4.2 Penetration Test 33

4.3 Ductility Test 34

4.4 Softening Test 36

4.5 Marshall Stability test 37

5.2.a Penetration test result 41

5.2.b Ductility test result 42

5.2.c Softening test result 43

5.2.d Marshall test result 44

6.2 Future Scope 47

Table 3.1 Quantity detail of material for sample 24

Table 3.2 Detail of Marshall sampling mould 30

Table 4.1 Penetration Test Value 33

Table 4.2 95% bitumen ,2.5% LDPE 2.5% PVC dust 34

Table 4.3 90% bitumen ,5% LDPE 5% PVC dust 34

Table 4.4 85% bitumen ,7.5% LDPE 7.5% PVC dust 35

Table 4.5 80% bitumen ,10% LDPE 10% PVC dust 35

Table 4.6 Calculation for softening point 36

Table 4.7 Quantity of material 37

Table 4.8 Marshall stability value 38

Table 4.9 Marshall Flow value 39

Table 5.1 Penetration test Result 41

Table 5.2 Ductility test Result 42

Table 5.3 Softening test Result 43

Table 5.4 Marshall test Results 44