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ANGKA GILIRAN
CHEMISTRY 4541/2
TINGKATAN 5
KERTAS 2
September
Bahagian A
Section A
[60 markah]
[60 marks]
1. Jadual 1 menunjukkan nombor proton dan nombor nukleon bagi atom P, Q, R dan S.
Table 1 shows the proton number and nucleon number for atoms P, Q, R and S.
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[1 markah/1 mark]
(ii) Apakah bilangan neutron dalam atom P?
What is the number of neutrons in atom P?
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[1 markah/1 mark]
(b) Atom-atom yang manakah adalah isotop? Terangkan jawapan anda.
Which atoms are isotopes? Explain your answer.
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[2 markah/2 marks]
(c) Tuliskan simbol atom S dalam bentuk AX.
Z
Write the symbol of atom S in the form of AZX.
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[1 markah/1 mark]
Bahan Komposisi
Substance Composition
• Bahan X
Substance X
Kaca fotokromik
Photochromic glass • Argentum klorida
Silver chloride
• Besi
Iron
• Karbon
Bahan Y Carbon
Substance Y
• Nikel
Nickel
• Kromium
Chromium
Jadual 2
Table 2
(a) (i) Bahan X adalah merupakan komponen utama dalam pembuatan kaca fotokromik.
Nyatakan nama bagi bahan X.
Substance X is the main component to make photochromic glass.
State the name of substance X.
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[1 markah/1 mark]
(ii) Berikan satu ciri bagi kaca fotokromik.
Give one properties of photochromic glass.
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[1 markah/1 mark]
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[2 markah/2 marks]
[3 markah/3 marks]
(b) (i) Jika formula empirik bagi sebatian R oksida adalah sama dengan formula molekulnya,
lukiskan gambar rajah susunan elektron bagi sebatian tersebut.
[Nombor proton: R=6; O=8]
If the empirical formula for the R oxide compound is the same as its molecular formula,
draw the electron arrangement diagram of the compound.
[Proton number: R=6; O=8]
[2 markah/2 marks]
(ii) Nyatakan satu sifat fizik bagi sebatian tersebut.
State one physical property of the compound.
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[1 markah/1 mark]
4. Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan suatu eksperimen untuk mengkaji perubahan keadaan jirim dalam
naftalena, C10H8.
Diagram 4.1 shows an experiment to investigate the changes for the state of matter in
naphthalene, C10H8.
Termometer
Thermometer
Tabung didih
Boiling tube
Naftalena, C10H8
Naphthalene, C10H8
Air
water
Rajah 4.1
Diagram 4.1
(b) Terangkan perubahan keadaan jirim bagi naftalena semasa proses pemanasan berdasarkan
teori kinetik jirim.
Explain the change in states of matter for naphthalene during heating process based on the
kinetic theory of matter.
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[3 markah/3 marks]
(c) Rajah 4.2 menunjukkan sebiji belon yang mengandungi gas oksigen.
Diagram 4.2 shows a balloon containing oxygen gas.
Gas oksigen
Oxygen gas
Rajah 4.2
Diagram 4.2
Berdasarkan maklumat yang diberi;
Based on the given information;
(i) Hitung bilangan mol gas oksigen dalam belon tersebut.
[Isipadu molar gas = 24 dm3 mol-1 pada suhu dan tekanan bilik]
[1 markah/1 mark]
[1 markah/1 mark]
[1 markah/1 mark]
5. (a) Rajah 5.1 menunjukkan struktur formula bagi suatu anion sabun.
Diagram 5.1 shows the formula structure for a soap anion.
Bahagian P Bahagian Q
Part P Part Q
Rajah 5.1
Diagram 5.1
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[2 markah/2 marks]
(b) Gam akasia merupakan satu contoh bahan tambah makanan yang digunakan untuk
memekatkan cecair dalam makanan. Berikan satu contoh lain bagi bahan yang mempunyai
fungsi yang sama dengan gam akasia.
Acacia gum is an example of a food additive used to thicken liquids in food. Give another
example of a substance that has the same function as acacia gum.
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[1 markah/1 mark]
(c) Musa telah mengalami sakit gigi sejak beberapa hari. Namun dia juga mempunyai masalah
gastrik. Cadangkan jenis ubat yang perlu diambil oleh beliau untuk mengurangkan kesakitan
giginya.
Musa has had a toothache for several days. Yet he also has gastric problems. Suggest the
type of medicine he should take to reduce his toothache.
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[1 markah/1 mark]
(d) Rajah 5.2 menunjukkan maklumat bagi dua jenis getah K dan L.
Diagram 5.2 shows information for two types of rubber K and L.
Jenis Getah
K L
Type of rubber
Contoh kegunaan
Examples of uses
Rajah 5.2
Diagram 5.2
(ii) Berdasarkan ciri-ciri yang terdapat dalam Rajah 5.2, getah L lebih sesuai digunakan
untuk membuat kasut but. Terangkan dari segi struktur molekul getah tersebut.
Based on the characteristics found in Diagram 5.2, rubber L is more suitable to be used
to make boots. Explain in terms of the molecular structure of the rubber.
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[1 markah/1 mark]
(iii) Lengkapkan jadual 5 dengan melukis formula struktur bagi monomer getah.
Complete Table 5 by drawing the structural formula for rubber monomer.
Polimer Monomer
Polymer Monomer
Jadual 5
Table 5
[1 markah/1 mark]
6. Rajah 6 menunjukkan susunan radas yang digunakan dalam eksperimen untuk menentukan haba
penyesaran kuprum oleh zink.
Diagram 6 shows the apparatus set up that is used in the experiment to determine the heat of
displacement of copper by zinc.
Termometer
Thermometer
Rajah 6
Diagram 6
Penerangan Suhu, oC
Description Temperature, oC
Suhu awal larutan kuprum(II) sulfat
28.0
Initial temperature of copper(II) sulphate solution
Suhu tertinggi campuran
34.0
Highest temperature of mixture
Jadual 6
Table 6
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[1 markah/1 mark]
(b) Hitungkan:
Calculate:
[1 markah/1 mark]
[1 markah/1 mark]
[1 markah/1 mark]
(c) Lukiskan gambar rajah aras tenaga bagi tindak balas ini.
Draw an energy level diagram for this reaction.
[2 markah/2 marks]
(d) Eksperimen diulang dengan menggunakan 50 cm3 larutan kuprum(II) sulfat 2.0 mol dm-3.
Ramalkan perubahan suhu semasa tindak balas. Terangkan jawapan anda.
The experiment was repeated using 50 cm3 of 2.0 mol dm-3 of copper(II) sulphate solution.
Predict the temperature change during the reaction. Explain your answer.
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[3 markah/3 marks]
7. Eksperimen I, II dan III telah dijalankan untuk mengkaji faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar
tindak balas antara magnesium dan asid hidroklorik. Jadual 7 menunjukkan maklumat setiap
eksperimen.
Experiments I, II and III were conducted to study the factors affecting the rate of reaction between
magnesium and hydrochloric acid. Table 7 shows the information of each experiment.
Jadual 7
Table 7
(i) Bandingkan kadar tindak balas antara Set I dan Set II.
Compare the rate of reaction of Set I and Set II.
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[1 markah/1 mark]
(ii) Terangkan jawapan anda di (c) (i) dengan merujuk teori perlanggaran.
Explain your answer in (c) (i) referring to the collision theory.
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[3 markah/3 marks]
(d) Rajah 7.1 menunjukkan lakaran graf isipadu gas yang terbebas melawan masa bagi
eksperimen Set II. Lakarkan lengkung bagi eksperimen III pada Rajah 7.1.
Diagram 7.1 shows a sketch graph of the volume of gas liberated against time for the Set II
experiment. Sketch the curve for experiment III in Diagram 7.1.
Rajah 7.1
Diagram 7.1
[1 markah/1 mark]
(e) Hidayu perlu menyediakan hidangan kentang lecek dalam masa yang singkat. Rajah 7.2
menunjukkan kaedah yang digunakan oleh Hidayu untuk merebus kentang tersebut.
Hidayu needs to prepare a dish of mashed potatoes in a short time. Diagram 7.2 shows the
method used by Hidayu to boil the potatoes.
Rajah 7.2
Diagram 7.2
Hidayu mendapati kentang yang direbusnya mengambil masa yang agak lama untuk masak.
Nyatakan sebab bagi situasi ini dan cadangkan kaedah yang lebih sesuai digunakan untuk
merebus kentang dengan lebih cepat.
Hidayu found that her boiled potatoes take a long time to cook. State the reason for this
situation and suggest a more suitable method to be used to boil the potatoes more quickly.
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[2 markah/2 marks]
8. Rajah 8 menunjukkan carta alir bagi siri perubahan berkaitan dengan alkohol V yang mempunyai
empat atom karbon.
Diagram 8 shows the flow chart of conversions involving alcohol V which has four carbon atoms.
Tindak balas I
Sebatian X
Reaction I Alkohol V
Compound X Tindak balas II
Alcohol V
Serpihan porselin Reaction II
Porcelain chips
Tindak balas III H+/ KMnO4 Sebatian Z
Compound Z
Reaction III
Sebatian W
Compound W
Rajah 8
Diagram 8
(a) Namakan alkohol V.
Name alcohol V.
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[1 markah/1 mark]
W: ……………………………… X: …...……………………………
[2 markah/2 marks]
[2 markah/2 marks]
[1 markah/1 mark]
(c) Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas III.
Write a chemical equation for the reaction III.
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[1 markah/1 mark]
(d) Sebatian Z digunakan dalam industri makanan sebagai perisa yang mempunyai rasa seperti
buah nanas. Ia juga boleh didapati secara semula jadi dalam pelbagai jenis buah termasuk
epal, pisang, beri, pir, plum, dan strawberi.
Huraikan secara ringkas kaedah penyediaan sebatian Z daripada alkohol V dan sebatian W
di dalam makmal.
Compound Z is used in the food industry as a flavouring that has a pineapple-like taste. It can
also be found naturally in a wide variety of fruits including apples, bananas, berries, pears,
plums, and strawberries.
Briefly describe the method of preparation of compound Z from alcohol V and compound W in
the laboratory.
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[3 markah/3 marks]
Bahagian B
Section B
[20 markah]
[20 marks]
9. (a) Rajah 9.1 menunjukkan nilai pH dan kepekatan bagi asid hidroklorik, HCl dan asid etanoik,
CH3COOH dengan kepekatan yang sama.
Diagram 9.1 shows the pH values and concentration of hydrochloric acid, HCl and ethanoic
acid, CH3COOH with the same concentration.
Nilai pH Nilai pH
pH value pH value
Meter pH Meter pH
pH meter pH meter
Rajah 9.1
Diagram 9.1
A student carried out an experiment between excess hydrochloric acid and 2.5 g of calcium
carbonate. Write the chemical equation for the reaction and calculate the volume of gas
released at standard temperature and pressure.
[Relative atomic mass: Ca:40; C:12; O:16; Molar volume of gas at standard temperature and
pressure is 22.4 dm3 mol-1]
[6 markah/6 marks]
(c) Jadual 9 menunjukkan susunan radas dan pemerhatian bagi dua set eksperimen. Tujuan
eksperimen ini ialah untuk mengkaji satu sifat fizik dan satu sifat kimia asid apabila asid
etanoik glasial dilarutkan dalam pelarut K dan pelarut L.
Table 9 shows the apparatus set-up and observations of two sets of experiment. The aim of
the experiment is to study one physical property and one chemical properties of acid when
glacial ethanoic acid is dissolved in solvent K and solvent L.
Elektrod karbon
Carbon electrodes
Mentol menyala
Bulb lights up
CH3COOH glasial
dalam pelarut K
Glacial CH3COOH
in solvent K
I
Elektrod karbon
Carbon electrodes
Mentol tidak menyala
Bulb does not light up
CH3COOH glasial
dalam pelarut L
Glacial CH3COOH
in solvent L
II
CH3COOH glasial
dalam pelarut L
Glacial CH3COOH Tiada perubahan
in solvent L No change
Magnesium
Magnesium
Jadual 9
Table 9
Berdasarkan Jadual 9;
Based on Table 9;
(i) Cadangkan pelarut K dan pelarut L.
Suggest solvent K and solvent L.
(ii) Terangkan perbezaan dalam pemerhatian bagi kedua-dua set eksperimen. Tulis satu
persamaan kimia yang terlibat.
Explain the differences in the observations for both sets of experiment. Write one
chemical equation involved.
[10 markah/10 marks]
Lokasi Rumah
Location House
I Pantai
Beach
Pagar besi
Iron fence
II Pedalaman
Rural
Pagar besi
Iron fence
Rajah 10.1
Diagram 10.1
Lokasi manakah pagar besi lebih cepat berkarat? Terangkan jawapan anda.
In which location will the iron fence rust faster? Explain your answer.
[3 markah/3 marks]
(b) Lukiskan satu gambar rajah berlabel untuk menunjukkan proses pengaratan besi yang
mengandungi setengah persamaan bagi pengoksidaan besi dan arah pengaliran
elektron.
Draw a labeled diagram to show the process of rusting of iron which contains half equation
for the oxidation of iron and the direction of electron flow.
[3 markah/3 marks]
(c) Rajah 10.2 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk mengkaji kesan dua logam berbeza, X
dan Y ke atas pengaratan besi, Fe.
Diagram 10.2 shows the set-up of apparatus to study the effect of two different metals, X
and Y on the corrosion of iron, Fe.
II
Rajah 10.2
Diagram 10.2
Berdasarkan Rajah 10.2, cadangkan logam X dan Y. Berikan satu sebab untuk setiap
pilihan anda.
Based on Diagram 10.2, suggest metals X and Y. Give one reason for each of your
choices.
[4 markah/4 marks]
(d) Rajah 10.3 menunjukkan dua tindakbalas penyesaran halogen daripada larutan
halidanya:
Diagram 10.3 shows two halogen displacement reactions from its halide solution:
1,1,1-trikloroetana
1,1,1-trikloroethane
1,1,1-trikloroetana
1,1,1-trikloroethane
(i) Terangkan tindakbalas yang berlaku dalam set I berdasarkan perbandingan nilai
keupayaan elektrod piawai, E0 yang diberi. Dalam jawapan anda, terangkan tentang
perbandingan dari segi kekuatan agen pengoksidaan dan agen penurunan molekul
atau ion yang terlibat.
Explain the reaction that took place in set I based on the comparison of the given
standard electrode potential value, E0. In your answer, explain the comparison in terms
of the strength of the oxidizing agent and reducing agent for the molecule or ion
involved.
[8 markah/8 marks]
(ii) Berdasarkan pemerhatian dalam set II, cadangkan bahan A yang sesuai dan berikan
sebab bagi jawapan anda.
Based on the observations in set II, suggest suitable material A and give reasons for
your answer.
[2 markah/2 marks]
Bahagian C
Section C
[20 markah]
[20 marks]
11. Jadual 11 menunjukkan keputusan apabila tiga oksida unsur kala 3 ditambah kepada larutan
natrium hidroksida dan asid hidroklorik.
Table 11 shows the result when three oxides of elements in period 3 are added to sodium
hydroxide solution and hydrochloric acid.
Jadual 11
Table 11
(a) Berdasarkan Jadual 11, susun X, Y dan Z dalam tertib menaik saiz atom. Nyatakan nama
bagi oksida X, oksida Y dan oksida Z.
Kemudian, tulis persamaan kimia seimbang bagi tindak balas antara oksida bagi Y dan asid
hidroklorik.
Based on Table 11, arrange X, Y and Z in increasing order of atomic size. State the names
for oxide of X, oxide of Y, and oxide of Z.
Then, write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction between oxide of Y and hydrochloric
acid.
[6 markah/6 marks]
(b) Logam X bertindak balas dengan gas oksigen untuk menghasilkan X oksida. Tulis persamaan
kimia seimbang dan hitung jisim hasil yang terbentuk apabila 0.2 mol logam X bertindak balas
lengkap.
[ Jisim atom relatif: Y = 27, O = 16]
Metal X reacts with oxygen gas to produce X oxide. Write a balanced chemical equation and
calculate the mass of the product formed when 0.2 moles of metal X react completely.
[Relative atomic mass: Y = 27, O = 16]
[4 markah/4 marks]
(c) Pada bulan Januari 1947, Tentera Darat Amerika Syarikat mempunyai lebihan natrium
logam yang tersisa dari Perang Dunia II dan memutuskan bahawa perairan Tasik Lenore
akan menjadi tempat yang baik untuk membuang sisa tersebut.
20,000 paun natrium logam dilancarkan dari tebing ke tasik beku. Ketika natrium
bertindakbalas dengan air, dianggarkan sekitar 162 000 kaki kubik gas hidrogen telah
terhasil, yang terbakar dalam letupan besar.
In January 1947, the United States Army had an excess of metallic sodium left over from
World War II and determined that the waters of Lake Lenore would be a good spot to dump
the waste.
20,000 pounds of metallic sodium were rolled off a cliff onto the frozen lake. As the sodium
reacted with the water, an estimated 162 000 cubic feet of hydrogen gas was produced,
which caught fire in large explosions.
Berdasarkan petikan yang diberi, adakah tindakan yang diambil oleh tentera tersebut
mencampakkan sejumlah yang besar logam natrium ke dalam air tasik wajar dilakukan?
Berikan sebab anda.
Berdasarkan situasi ini dengan mengambil langkah berjaga-jaga untuk mengelakkan letupan
yang besar, huraikan satu eksperimen dalam makmal untuk mengkaji tindakbalas antara
logam alkali dengan air. Sertakan pemerhatian dan kesimpulan bagi eksperimen di dalam
huraian anda.
Based on the excerpt given, is the action taken by the army to dump a large amount of sodium
metal into the lake water worthwhile? Give your reason.
Based on this situation by taking precautions to avoid large explosions, describe an
experiment in the laboratory to study the reaction between alkali metals and water. Include
observations and conclusion for the experiment in your description.
[10 markah/10 marks]
1. Kertas peperiksaan ini mengandungi tiga bahagian: Bahagian A, Bahagian B dan Bahagian C.
This question paper consists of three sections: Section A, Section B and Section C.
2. Jawab semua soalan dalam Bahagian A. Jawapan anda bagi Bahagian A hendaklah ditulis pada
ruang yang disediakan dalam kertas peperiksaan.
Answer all questions in Section A. Write your answers for Section A in the spaces provided in this
question paper.
3. Jawab mana-mana satu soalan daripada Bahagian B dan semua soalan daripada Bahagian C.
Tulis jawapan anda bagi Bahagian B dan Bahagian C dalam helaian tambahan yang dibekalkan
oleh pengawas peperiksaan. Anda boleh menggunakan persamaan, rajah, jadual, graf dan cara lain
yang sesuai untuk menjelaskan jawapan anda.
Answer any one question from Section B and all question from Section C. Write your answers for
Section B and Section C on the 'helaian tambahan' provided by the invigilators. You may use
equations, diagrams, tables, graphs and other suitable methods to explain your answers.
4. Rajah yang mengiringi soalan tidak dilukis mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan.
The diagrams in the questions are not drawn to scale unless stated.
5. Markah yang diperuntukkan bagi setiap soalan atau ceraian soalan ditunjukkan dalam kurungan.
Marks allocated for each question or sub-part of a question are shown in brackets.
7. Jika anda hendak menukar jawapan, batalkan jawapan yang telah dibuat. Kemudian tulis jawapan
yang baharu.
If you wish to change your answer, cross out the answer that you have done. Then write down the
new answer.
10. Anda dinasihati supaya mengambil masa 90 minit untuk menjawab soalan dalam Bahagian A,
30 minit untuk Bahagian B dan 30 minit untuk Bahagian C.
You are advised to spend 90 minutes to answer questions in Section A, 30 minutes for Section B
and 30 minutes for Section C.