Ho Chi Minh city University of Technology, VNU–HCM

Faculty of Chemical Engineering

Division of Organic Chemistry

Chemical Technology of
Organic Compounds
Lecturer : Dr. Nguyễn Đăng Khoa
Room 211 B2
Tel: 38647256 ext. 5681
Email: khoand1989@hcmut.edu.vn
Contents

Week 1: Raw materials in Organic Synthesis Industry

Week 2: Some Popular Chemical Processes to produce raw materials

Week 3: Chemical Based on C1, C2

Week 4: Chemical Based on C3, C4

Week 5: Chemical Based on C5, C6

Week 6-10: Synthesis of popular organic compounds (Seminar)

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Assessment

- Seminar: 40%
- Homework: 10%
- Final exam: 50%

Contents for final assessment

- Raw materials and intermediate products
- Finding products for Chemical Processes
- Synthesis of organic compounds (from Seminars)

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References
[1] Sami Mater and Lewis F. Hatch, Chemistry of
petrochemical processes, Gulf Publishing Company,
Houston, Texas, 2000
[2] Klaus Weissermel and Hans-Jurgen Arpe, Industrial
Organic Chemistry, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2003

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Introduction _ Raw materials

Aspirin Sodium thiopental

Teflon
Aspartame
5
Introduction _ Raw materials

Aspartame

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Raw materials

Raw Primary raw

materials materials

✓ Naturally occurring compounds

✓ Chemical stable
✓ Natural gas, crude oil, coal

Secondary raw
materials
✓ Intermediates obtained from primary
raw materials via processes
➢ Brine or Salt ?
➢ Wood and cellulose ?
➢ Iron and Mineral ?
➢ Natural gas and Hydrocarbons ?
➢…

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Raw materials

Raw materials

Natural gas Crude oil

C1 C2 C3 C4 C 5 C6 C7 …
Associate gas Non-
associate gas H2O KL TCCH (S) (N) (O)

C1 C2 C 3 C4 C5 C6 C7…
H2S CO2 H2O N2 He Ar

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Raw materials _ Natural Gas

Natural gas is a naturally occurring mixture of light hydrocarbons, in which

methane is the main component.

Non-associate gas Associate gas

✓ From dry well ✓ On top or dissoved

without oil in crude oil
✓ Higher CH4 ✓ Lower CH4 fraction
fraction
✓ Higher C2-C7 ✓ Lower C2-C7
✓ No metal ✓ Trace metal
✓ CO2, H2S ✓ CO2, H2S
✓ Other gases… ✓ Other components…

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Raw materials _ Natural Gas

Acid removal Acid removal Acid removal Water removal

Treated gas

Feed stock
(Sour feed)

Physical Physical Chemisorption

Absorption Adsorption
- Washing by solvent - Molecular sieves - Diglycolamine - Molecular sieves
- Diethanolamine - Di-, triethylene glycol

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Raw materials _ Natural Gas

Feed stock Treated gas

(Sour feed) (Rich stream) Uncondensed gas

(Methane)

Condensation Natural gas liquids (NGL)

Cooling
(C2-C7)

Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) Natural gasoline (NG)

(C3-C4) (C5-C7)

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Raw materials _ Crude Oil

1. Hydrocarbon
Crude Oil 2. Non-hydrocarbon
3. Metallic compounds

1. Hydrocarbon 2. Non-hydrocarbon 3. Metallic compounds

- Alkanes - Sulfur Compounds
- Cycloalkanes - Nitrogen Compounds
- Aromatics - Oxygen Compounds

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Raw materials _ Crude Oil

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Raw materials _ Natural gas and crude oil

Raw Chemical Chemical

Intermediate Products
materials process process

1. Natural gas 1. Methane

2. Crude oil 2. Ethylene
3. Propylene
4. Butylene
5. Benzene
6. Toluene
7. Xylenes

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Raw materials _ Products

1. Methane
2. Ethylene
3. Propylene
4. Butylene
5. Benzene
6. Toluene
7. Xylenes

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Raw materials _ Crude Oil

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Seminar_ Topics

12 Groups – 4 members in every group

1_ Plastics and number 1- 3

2_ Plastics and number 4 – 7
3_ Preparation of essential oils (3 essential oils)
4_ Advance in synthesis of artificial fibers (3 artificial fibers)
5_ Advance in synthesis of artificial rubbers (3 artificial rubbers)
6_ Advance in synthesis of adhesives
7_ Super absorbent polymers and applications
8_ Preparation of vitamin for dietary supplements
9_ Preparation of antioxidants and free radical scavenger for
dietary supplements

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Seminar_ Topics

12 Groups – 4 members in every group

10_ Using CO2 as raw materials in organic synthesis

11_ Gram scale in synthesis Porous materials
12_ Biomass as raw materials in organic synthesis
13_ Ethanol and methanol derived from cellulose
17_ Porous materials derived from carbon sources
18_ Aerogel materials derived from biomass sources

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Raw materials _ Retrosynthetic analysis

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Introduction_ Chemical processes

1_ Water gas shift

2_ Steam cracking
3_ Catalytic cracking
4_ Steam reforming
5_ Catalytic reforming
6_ Fischer Tropsch reaction
7_...

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