Republic of the Philippines

10 Department of Education
Division of Pagadian City

English
Quarter 1 – Module 8:
Literary Devices

Learning Activity Sheets

(Extracted/Modified from CO/RO10 SLMs)

Name:
Year Level:
Grade & Section:

DO_Q1_English 10_ Module 8

What I Need to Know

Learning Competency:
EN10LC-Ie-14.1 Point out the effectiveness of the devices used by the
speaker to attract and hold the attention of the listener.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

 identify similarities and differences between simile and

metaphor, analogy and personification;
 illustrate how simile, metaphor, analogies and personification
used; and
 point out setting moods and sensory impressions in a given text.

PRE-TEST
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer.

1. What do you call a word or phrase that possesses a separate meaning

from its literal definition and it can be is used in an unusual way to
produce a stylistic effect?
A. Figurative Language C. Literary Device
B. Rhetorical Figure D. All of the Above

2. What literary device is used in drawing comparison between two

unrelated and dissimilar things, people, beings, places, and concepts,
it is marked with words “like” or “as”?
A. Analogy C. Metaphor
B. Personification D. Simile

3. The practice of attaching human traits and characteristics to

inanimate objects, situation, and animals.
A. Analogy C. Metaphor
B. Personification D. Simile

4. What compares two dissimilar items however, it draws the comparison

by identifying one item completely with another, imaginatively
overstating the similarity and equating them?

A. Analogy C. Metaphor
B. Personification D. Simile

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5. What is an extended comparison, which develops and explains the
various points of similarity between the things compared?
A. Analogy C. Metaphor
B. Personification D. Simile

6. What often create a special mood or feeling about a place, or series of

events?
A. Figures C. Mood
B. Symbols D. Tone

7. A literary device wherein the author uses specific words and phrases
that exaggerate and overemphasize the basic point of the statement to
produce a grander, more noticeable effect.
A. Alliteration C. Hyperbole
B. Irony D. Onomatopoeia

8. Sensory impressions are words that appeal to the following EXCEPT:

A. Sight C. Taste
B. Touch D. Understanding

9. What are words whose sounds are closed to the sound they are meant
to depict?
A. Alliteration C. Hyperbole
B. Irony D. Onomatopoeia

10. A literary device that uses words in quick succession. It begins with
letters belonging to the same sound group.
A. Alliteration C. Hyperbole
B. Irony D. Onomatopoeia

11. Which of the following statements is the correct definition of

analogy?
A. A comparison of two things
B. A hidden comparison of two unrelated subjects
C. A comparison of two things that have nothing in common
D. A short story which has no deeper meanings or relevance

12. Among the following statements which definition suits

personification?
A. A literary device used show sounds through words.
B. A literary device used to compare two unlike things.
C. A figurative language that uses exaggeration of things.
D. A figurative language can provide inanimate objects with
human like state.

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 13. What makes an analogy related to a simile?
A. The first statement of metaphor uses analogy.
B. The first statement of an analogy usually uses simile.
C. The first statement of a simile sounds like an analogy.
D. The first statement of an analogy sounds like a metaphor.

14. Sensory details are used in the following:

A. Films C. Literary works
B. Video Games D. All of the options are correct

15. Why is using sensory details important in your writing?

A. It engages readers.
B. It’s important for analysis.
C. It’s essential to your writing.
D. It’s an aspect to any great story.

What Is It

Literary devices are all essential in bringing out creative and sound
writing. Though literary devices (i.e. figurative language) are much used in
language, many students still have difficulty in identifying them. This
module will enable you to further understand how literary devices work
whether in written or oral conversations.
When you want to communicate an idea in a way that gives it
particular emphasis or express feelings that truly brings them to life, you
can use certain special literary devices to help you.
This module explores more possibilities for word choices. It explains
how to use literary devices, such as figures of speech, sensory impressions,
and symbols. It also encourages you to study professional writing to develop
your own use of language.

Similes, metaphors, personification, and analogies are figures of

speech that strengthen your writing by appealing to a reader’s imagination.

A simile uses the words like or as to link two different items on the
basis of certain shared qualities.

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 USING SIMILES TO EMPHASIZE THE SHARED QUALITIES OF
OTHERWISE DISSIMILAR ITEMS.

Notice how the following similes give the reader a new way of looking
at the destructive power of a colony of ants and the fragility of a broken
umbrella.
Examples:
SIMILE: Like a wave of brush fires, droves of army ants swept across
hundreds of acres of grasslands.
SIMILE: The umbrella turned inside out as limply as a flower.
Like simile, a metaphor compares two dissimilar items. However, it
draws the comparison by identifying one item completely with another,
imaginatively overstating the similarity and equating them: It says one item
is another.
For instance, in metaphor The boat was a large white bird on the
water, the reader understands that a comparison has been drawn between
the boat’s beauty, grace, and ease on the water and the beauty and grace of
a bird.
ALWAYS REMEMBER TO USE METAPHORS TO ENHANCE AN
IMAGINATIVE CONNECTION BETWEEN TWO ITEMS.
Metaphors are even more striking figures of speech than similes. They
should be used with great selectivity and care. The following sentences
include metaphors. Notice how the first one rewords the brush fire/ants
simile.
Example:
METAPHOR: Droves of army ants swept across hundreds of acres
of grasslands, a brush of fire that could not be
contained.
METAPHOR: Her hair was a bridal veil around her face,
shimmering, pale, and still.
Metaphors are imaginative and forceful, so many writers, submerge
them subtly, in exact, graphic verbs, for instance. A submerged version of
the brush fire/ant’s metaphor follows.

Submerged Metaphor: Droves of army ants scorched the grasslands for

miles around.

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How analogy and personification work?

An analogy is an extended comparison, which develops and explains

the various points of similarity between the things compared. Most of the
time, writers use analogies to let the readers connect an unfamiliar
experience or circumstance to some other condition that will help the
readers to be more familiar with it.

On the other hand, personification can be fun to write, but you

should develop them carefully and only for a clearly defined purpose. They
can easily sound pretentious and even ridiculous when you want to be
serious.

ALWAYS REMEMBER THAT PERSONIFICATION CAN CAUSE TO

PROVIDE AN INANIMATE OBJECT WITH HUMAN TRAITS FOR EITHER
HUMOROUS OR VIVID EFFECTS.

ANALOGIES ARE USED TO CLARIFY AN ITEM, EXPERIENCE, OR SET

OF CIRCUMSTANCES BY LIKENING IT POINT BY POINT TO ANOTHER.

An analogy usually begins with a simile and then offers some detail
and occasionally some narration to illustrate the likeness between two items
or experiences. In the following passage, the writer uses an analogy to
explain a free fall in terms of a ride in a glass elevator.
Let’s try to evaluate this example!
A free fall toward earth is like descending rapidly in a glass
elevator. If you lose sight of the structures holding the glass walls, and if
you ignore the feel of the floor through your shoed, you will have some
sensation of what it is like to float in space, the pull of gravity is your only
reality.
Notice that the first statement sounds like a simile.
However, he following sentences give further explanation to the previous
claim, turning these into an analogy.
Personification also works as kind of metaphor by attributing human
qualities to nonhuman things. This type of literary device can be humorous
however it can also be serious in terms of emotional impact on a reader.
Let’s take a look on these examples!
PERSONIFICATION: The welcoming hands of sunlight touched my
shoulders, and I looked up.

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PERSONIFICATION: The old train breathed hard into the station and
stopped with a grateful sigh.

Setting Moods
In descriptive writing, you can often want to create a special mood or
feeling about a place, or series of events. You can do this by using sensory
impressions or symbols.
Using Sensory Impressions. Sensory impressions are words that
appeal to sight, sound, smell, taste, and touch.
USE SENSORY IMPRESSIONS TO CREATE A MOOD OR RECREATE A
PARTICULAR EXPERIENCE FOR YOUR AUDIENCE.
Words that convey sensory impressions can make a reader remember
or imagine specific experiences. The following passage recreates the
melancholy feeling and sensations you might have on an autumn night by
using details of sight, sound, and touch.
Passage with sensory impressions:
The night was coolly lit by a crystalline full moon,
As crunched through the pile of leaves, we cast
silver
Shadows on the ground before us, I shivered as a
small sharp wind nipped at my face.

Using Symbols. Within a description you can include a symbol – a person,

object, or action that the writer invests with significance beyond its literal
meaning. Some symbols are natural symbols because of their built-in
associations – for example, the sea, the sun, and the change of seasons. But
any object can work as a symbol if the writer can convincingly endow it with
special meaning.
Endow a concrete thing with symbolic significance to enrich the mood
of a passage.
Symbols have more impact if they grow naturally and subtly out of the
situation described. The objects that take on deeper meanings should fit
into the context of the passage. A writer lays the groundwork for the
symbols by establishing a mood from which the symbol’s special meaning
can develop. In this sense, symbols often work well as concluding effects,
culminations of the other details in a passage.
The description of a fall evening might take on more meaning if words
like “small sharp wind” and waning or weak are used. The passage then
becomes a reminder of the passage of time and the inevitability of death.

6 DO_Q1_ English 10_ Module 8

Passage developing a symbol:
The night was coolly lit by a waning crystalline moon. As
we
crunched slowly through the deep piles of dead leaves,
we cast weak shadows on the ground before us. Autumn
was almost over. I shivered as a small sharp wind touched
my shoulder.

What’s More
Task 1: Identifying Simile, Metaphor, Analogy or Personification
Directions: Read the following sentences carefully and identify whether
each sentence states a simile, metaphor analogy or personification. Write
your answer in your answer sheet.
1. I move fast like a cheetah on the Serengeti.
2. My life is a foe of debt?
3. The sky misses the sun at night.
4. How a doctor diagnoses disease is like how a detective
investigates crimes.
5. The vines wove their delicate fingers together.

Task 2: Identifying Sensory Impressions

Directions: Read the sentences carefully and identify what sensory

impressions were used (i.e. sight, smell, sound, taste & touch). Write your
answer on the space provided before the number.

__________________1. The thunder clapped loudly shaking the house.

__________________2. The aroma of a chicken roasting filled mother’s kitchen.
__________________3. As I walked through the damp cold night, the wind
brushed my cheeks.
__________________4. The wolf howled painfully over the loss of its mate.
__________________5. Barefoot, the warm mud molds my feet.

7 DO_Q1_ English 10_ Module 8

What I Have Learned
Task 3
Directions: Complete the sentences below. Do this in your answer sheet.
From the lessons and discussions mentioned above, I learned that….
1. Simile ______________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________.

2. Metaphor ___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________.

3. An Analogy _________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________.

4. Personification _______________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________.

5. Sensory impressions __________________________________________

___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________.

What I Can Do
Task 4: WRITING TIME!

Use one of the following subjects or think of one of your own to write a
passage of 150 to 200 words. Include Simile, Metaphor, Analogy,
Personification, Sensory impressions and Symbols wherever possible in
your passage.
1. The expectations and fears of young man or woman driving alone
to visit a college
2. Your insights or feelings about a family member or friend who has
died, or whom you have not seen in a very long time
3. The mood of a bus station or airport very late at night
4. Attitudes and expectations revealed through the items a person is
packing for a long-awaited vacation or journey
5. The thought processes of someone who becomes lost, panics, and
finally conquers the predicament.

8 DO_Q1_ English 10_ Module 8

 CRITERIA 5 4 3 2 1
Focus/Content (states clear position at the
beginning until the end of the work; topic captures
the reader’s attention)
Ideas (used all the literary devices, sensory
impressions and symbols which make the work
interesting and appealing)
Development/Organization (has strong
organizational plan; has logically arranged statements
from the most important to the least important or
vice-versa; develops the topic thoroughly with
examples and supports)
Clarity of Ideas (presents clear and sound
arguments, and evidences are authentic)
Emphasis (has interesting and attention-grabbing
introduction; has strong conclusion that includes a
call of action)
Language Mechanics and Convention (displays
minor spelling, punctuation and grammatical errors)
TOTAL

9 DO_Q1_ English 10_ Module 8

Assessment

Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer on your
answer sheet.

1. What often create a special mood or feeling about a place, or series of

events?
A. Figures C. Mood
B. Symbols D. Tone

2. A literary device wherein the author uses specific words and phrases
that exaggerate and overemphasize the basic point of the statement in
order to produce a grander, more noticeable effect.
A. Alliteration C. Hyperbole
B. Irony D. Onomatopoeia

3. Sensory impressions are words that appeal to the following EXCEPT:

A. Sight C. Taste
B. Touch D. Understanding

4. What are words whose sounds are closed to the sound they are meant
to depict?
A. Alliteration C. Hyperbole
B. Irony D. Onomatopoeia

5. A literary device that uses words in quick succession. It begins with

letters belonging to the same sound group.
A. Alliteration C. Hyperbole
B. Irony D. Onomatopoeia

6. Which of the following statements is the correct definition of analogy?

A. A comparison of two things
B. A hidden comparison of two unrelated subjects
C. A comparison of two things that have nothing in common
D. A short story which has no deeper meanings or relevance

7. Among the following statements which definition suits personification?

A. A literary device used show sounds through words.
B. A literary device used to compare two unlike things.
C. A figurative language that uses exaggeration of things.
D. A figurative language that can provide inanimate objects with
human like state.

10 DO_Q1_ English 10_ Module 8

 8. What makes an analogy related to a simile?
A. The first statement of metaphor uses analogy.
B. The first statement of an analogy usually uses simile.
C. The first statement of a simile sounds like an analogy.
D. The first statement of an analogy sounds like a metaphor.

9. Sensory details are used in which of the following terms?

A. Films C. Literary works
B. Video Games D. All of the options are correct

10. Why is using sensory details important in your writing?

A. It engages readers.
B. It’s important for analysis.
C. It’s essential to your writing.
D. It’s an aspect to any great story.

Additional Activity

Look for a copy of your favorite literary piece (song, poem, short story,
etc.). Then, underline the figures of speech used in the said literary piece.

Development Team of the Module

Department of Education- Region X
Development Team of the Module
Author : John Paul G. Mancawan
Editor : Rufa Q. Bacasmot
Reviewer : Vergilia O. Pancho, Ph.D.
Illustrator : John Paul G. Mancawan
Layout Artist : John Paul G. Mancawan
Management Team: Dr. Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO III, Dr. Victor G. De Gracia Jr., CESO V,
Randolph B. Tortola, Shambaeh A. Usman, Mala Epra B. Magnaong,
Neil A. Improgo, Bienvenido U. Tagolimot, Elbert R. Francisco,
Sarah M. Mancao, Rejynne Mary L. Ruiz, Jeny B. Timbal,
Shella O. Bolasco, Daryl Rey T. Macario
Pagadian SDO: English G10 Quarter 1 Module 8 – Weeks 8

11 DO_Q1_ English 10_ Module 8