Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Division of Nueva Ecija

A. Title

Pendulum Chart in Enhancing the Scientific Abilities of

Pupils in Respiratory System

B. Researcher:

Teacher III

C. Description of the Project

      Science teaches children necessary skills that

they can use in other areas of their lives. Kidsource.com

reports, “Early experiences in science help children develop

problem-solving skills and motivate them toward a lifelong

interest in the natural world.”

       Consequently, science is included as a core element

in elementary and secondary levels despite conceptual

complexity and high cost of implementation. (Batomalaque,

2013) Another justification for the inclusion of science in

school curricula is that all citizens need to achieve a

degree of “scientific literacy” to enable them to

participate effectively as citizens in modern societies. 

Studies indicate however, that many of our Filipino

learners are not attaining functional literacy, without

which they find it too difficult to meet the challenges

posed by our rapidly changing world. Students’ performance

in the National Achievement Test shows that Science

continues to be the most difficult field of study in basic

 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Division of Nueva Ecija

education. The results are intended to guide the Department

of Education in its efforts towards the improvement of the

quality of education in public schools and to provide

appropriate intervention for the students.

According to the Basic Education Curriculum Primer

2002, Science and Health aims to help the Filipino child

gain a functional understanding of science concepts and

principles linked with real life situations, acquire science

skills as well as scientific attitudes and values needed in

solving everyday problems. These pertain to health and

sanitation, nutrition, food production, and the environment

and its conservation. There is no Science and Health for

Grades I and II but simple science and health concepts which

include the child’s interaction to his immediate environment

are contents of English. These concepts reinforce the

sensory-perceptual activities introduced in the 8-week ECD

Curriculum. Likewise, process skills may be developed in

Makabayan subject like Sibika at Kultura. Teaching

Science and Health will formally start in Grade III using

English as medium of instruction. In Grades IV-VI, more

complex study of Science concepts will be taken up in

preparation for High School work. The goal of Science is to

demonstrate understanding how science, technology and health

 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Division of Nueva Ecija

relate to the comprehension of the environment and

application of skills, attitudes and values in solving

varied life situations.

 But with the problems persisting today in Philippine

education system, our stand for functional literacy to

empower learners is at stake. The scarcity of teachers, poor

classrooms and dearth of instructional materials, low

student achievement and increasing number of out-of-school

children hamper our learners to be active makers of

meaningful life. The Trends in Science and Science Survey

(TIMSS) alone which was conducted five years ago revealed

unsatisfactory results, the Philippines ranked 61st in

Science and 62nd in Science out of 65 countries that were

tested (Manila Times 2006). This proved that vast majority

of Filipino students have performed way below par in all

national achievement tests, and below the levels of most

students from other countries in the international tests.

Thus, education managers must focus on reforming and

delivering quality instruction so that the Basic Education

Curriculum will not be overwhelmed by the crisis. Students

must be provided with maximum opportunities to become

functionally literate in science.

 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Division of Nueva Ecija

Henceforth , science teachers needs to be more precise

and specific in teaching science , to further deliver their

aims in teaching and this will be done through the help of

instructional materials that may be best to emphasize what

he/she intends to give.

In this regard, the researcher being the teacher in

science tries to improve the teaching process by means of

making instructional materials more elaborative and fun to

use.

D. Time Frame

The researcher plans to conduct and prepare the

innovative materials in the school year 2017-2018 ,from

September 2017 to March 2016, a pre test will be

administered before the start of the actual use of the

Pendulum Chart and post –test at the end of the trial ,

data will be tabulated and interpreted . Completion of the

final write up is expected in March ,2016.

E.Location

The setting of the study is in Concepcion East

Elementary School , District of Zaragoza . The school has

33 instructional rooms and 22 non-instructional rooms,

which are all powered by a power grid. With 2,021

students, class size is around 61 students.

 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Division of Nueva Ecija

__________________ is in charge of the school, acting as

the school's Principal. Concepcion East Elementary School

school has a total of 55 rooms - 33 of which are for

instructional purposes and the remaining 22 for non-

instructional uses. All in all, the school has at least

one canteen, clinic, computer lab, general academic

classroom, home economics, industrial/workshop,

laboratory, library, and office. Of the instructional

rooms, all of them are standard rooms, meaning they meet

the DepEd's guidelines for safety and usability.

With 2,021 students and 33 rooms actively used for

teaching, Concepcion East Elementary School , has an

average class size of 61. This means classes at Concepcion

East Elementary School are much larger than the average

class size, with 26 more students per room than the

average of all schools, and 21 more students per room than

the average in Concepcion East Elementary School ,

District of Zaragoza , Nueva Ecija.

F. Target
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Division of Nueva Ecija

The researcher is thinking of securing the approval of

the Principal before submitting his proposal by the Division

Office.

The Grade 6 pupils will be the main subject of this

study. These will be chosen using purposive sampling.

According to Padua (2008), purposive sampling is directly

identifying the respondents from a population using a

criterion or criteria. In this study, the researcher used an

inclusion criterion including those who are enrolled in

Grade 6 during the academic year 2017-2018 who do not belong

to either the first or the Special Science section.

Establishing the Comparability of the Two Groups

Like in all experimental researches, there is a need to

establish the comparability of the two groups being studied.

The groups must be parallel to ensure that any advantage in

the performance of the experimental group is caused by the

manipulated variables.

To form these two equal groups, the researcher will use

the following variables such as: (1) the diagnostic test

scores in Science which is generated at the beginning of

the school year; and (2) the final grade in Science.

Their scores in the diagnostic test will be use as an

equating factor in order to have a baseline data on how the

 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Division of Nueva Ecija

pupils perform in Science as a whole. Their final grades in

Science will be use as a basis in comparing the two groups

because this is one data that may describe the performance

of the students in the said subject.

Determining the Control and Experimental Groups

The researcher will use two intact classes from Grade 5

; 43 of whom are from Grade 6 section A and 45 from Grade 6

Section B. The researcher will conduct a draw lots as to

which of the classes is the experimental and the control.

Materials and Instruments

There are three instruments to be used in this study:

the pre-test, posttest and the questionnaire that will be

use to determine the comparability of results from the

control group and from the experimental group ( group that

use the Pendulum Chart in Respiratory System).

The pre-test and posttest will include lesson from

Science 6 which is the Respiratory System .

Also, to check the reliability of the Pendulum Chart in

Respiratory System , Grade 5 students will do the said

activity first.

II Rationale

A Brief Introduction
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Division of Nueva Ecija

Improvised instructional materials are teaching

materials designed and produced from the available local

materials in order to promote effective teaching and

learning in schools. They are materials that are used in the

absence of the original or the ideal objects to bring about

the same learning effect that the standard materials would

have brought (Ahmed 2011). Gibbons(2011) investigated the

effective use of improvised materials designed by science

teachers during their teaching practice. This study

presented evidence that improvised teaching aids designed by

science teachers during practice had a great influence in

the teaching of science in schools. These materials were

found to be durable and could last for a longer time to

enhance effective teaching and learning of science in school

that are unable to afford expensive standardized

instructional materials. Science teachers should be

encouraged to make their own teaching resources from the

locally available materials to teach science.

B. Logical Basis of Baseline Data

This study is premised along the theories of:

Charles Reigeluth‘s (1999) Instructional Design Theory,

 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Division of Nueva Ecija

David P. Ausubel‘s (1962) Subsumption Theory and John

Sweller‘s (1988) Cognitive Load Theory.

According to Reigeluth (1999), Instructional Design

Theory is a twin pronged instrument for facilitating

learning and human development. Contending that the methods

of instruction and situations for learning are essential for

learning to take place. Coming up with the eight modules

that break down the basic methods of instruction to

illustrate what is actually being learned and how to

facilitate learning. Understanding the design of instruction

and what is being learned helped in developing the skills

needed to improve the quality of instruction. The modules

cover the different kinds of learning, the invariant task,

like rote memory, classification of concepts, using

procedures, using principals, teaching for understanding,

generic skills, like a applicable skill, and attitudes. The

research has lead educators towards chunking information to

be learned into smaller parts and scaffolding concepts.

C Objectives

The project aims to:

1. Determine the effectiveness of the utilization of

Pendulum Chart in Respiratory Lesson in helping

science teachers met their target in improving

 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Division of Nueva Ecija

the capabilities of pupils skills through the

pendulum chart as well as improving the pupils

participation.

2. Evaluate learner’s competencies in this device ,

even though observation ; and

3. ultimately encourage other teachers to use the

pendulum chart in teaching science.

III Scheme of Implementation

This study made use of the experimental design of

research. Experimental research describes the process that a

researcher undergoes of controlling certain variables and

manipulating others to observe if the results of the

experiment reflect that the manipulations directly caused

the particular outcome. This type of research differs from a

descriptive study, and another one of its important aspects

is the use of random assignment.

Experimental method is deemed appropriate for the trial

to determine the effectiveness of the utilization of

pendulum Chart in Respiratory System.

B. Technical Aspect

The device or the chart of made of Picture of

respiratory system , nails and paper stopper will be use as

the starting and stopping point of the small ball. The idea
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Division of Nueva Ecija

is the teacher will insert the ball to the mouth of the

picture then the ball will roll inside the pictures stopping

in the parts of respiratory system , pupils that are

assigned to discuss the parts will go infront of the class

and discuss. The pendulum chart will also be use as a from

of test and discussion and games stimulator.

C. Implementation Procedure

This experimental study will took place from November

2015 to March 2016. Both groups will be handle by the

researcher.

During the actual experiment, the control group will be

subjected to the conventional method of teaching .

In the experimental group, the teacher will use the

pendulum chart for the experimental groups to aid them in

their classroom participation and improving learning among

pupils .

To find out how much the students gained from the

experiment, the pre-test will be administer at the beginning

of the study and the posttest after all selections have been

taken.

2. Monitoring and evaluation

 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Division of Nueva Ecija

The division office personnel ,aside from the

Principal of Aliaga National High School monitors the

progress of the trial .

IV Findings

A Results( Outcomes)

C Conclusions and recommendation