MODULE 1.

THE NATURE OF
MATHEMATICS
Mathematics in Our World
Patterns and Numbers in Nature and the World
Types of Pattern in Nature
Symmetries in our Surroundings
Application of Mathematics in the World
INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES

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At the end of this module, the learner should be able to:

Rosiebel A Abao, MSciEd

 Identify patterns in nature;
 Determine the importance of knowing patterns in
nature;
 Classify patterns in nature;
 Differentiate characteristics of different type of
patterns;
 Categorize symmetries in the surroundings; and
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 Identify other applications of mathematics in the world.
1.1 MATHEMATICS IN OUR WORLD

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 What is Mathematics?

Rosiebel A Abao, MSciEd

 How would you explain nature
through Mathematics?

 Whatrole does Mathematics play in

our world? 3
What is Mathematics?
o Mathematics is the study of pattern and structure.

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o Fundamental to the physical and biological sciences.
o A tool to quantify, organize, and control our world.
o Predict phenomena and make life easier for us.

Rosiebel A Abao, MSciEd

How would you explain nature through Mathematics?
o According to Galileo Galilei, Mathematics is full of symbols
and notations.
o Symbols such as: triangles, circles, square, and other
geometrical figures.
o In the absence of these symbolisms, it would be impossible
to comprehend a single word of it.
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What role does Mathematics play in our world?

Rosiebel A Abao, MSciEd

o Helps organize patterns and regularities in our world.
o Helps predict the behavior of nature and phenomena in the
world.
o Helps control nature and occurrences in the world for our
own ends.
o It has numerous applications in the world making it
essential.
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1.2 PATTERNS AND NUMBERS IN
NATURE AND THE WORLD

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Patterns in nature are visible

Rosiebel A Abao, MSciEd

regularities of form found in the natural world
and can also be seen in the universe.

Nature patterns which are not just be

admired, they are vital clues to the rules that
govern natural processes.
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What do you think will be the next symbol in the
sequence?

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You are correct, the next symbol should be a STAR.

Rosiebel A Abao, MSciEd

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CHECK YOUR PROGRESS!

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 What is the next figure in
the given pattern?

Rosiebel A Abao, MSciEd

 What number comes next in 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, ?

 What in the next figure

in the pattern below?
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1.3 TYPES OF PATTERN IN NATURE

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Nature provides examples of many kinds of patter,
including symmetries, trees, and other structures with a

Rosiebel A Abao, MSciEd

fractal dimension, spirals, voronoi, and chaos.

Fractal, in mathematics, any of class of complex

geometric shapes that commonly have “fraction
dimension”, (Hausdorff, 1918). This is
commonly seen in nature such as trees, rivers,
shells, leaves (sunflower, fern), mountains,
clouds, and more.
For example in ferns, as one looks at it deeper and deeper, you can
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see a never ending repetitive pattern.
Spiral pattern is another type which is

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commonly seen in living things. This
pattern focuses on a center point and a
chain of circular shape that revolve
around it. Examples: cochlea, shell of

Rosiebel A Abao, MSciEd

nautilus, horn of a sheep, sunflower
leaves arrangement around a stem.

A logarithmic spiral, a special type of

pattern that gets smaller as it goes.
Mostly seen in nature such as galaxies,
hurricanes, and seashells. 11
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Voronoi pattern exhibits shapes that
appear to fit together. It is a pattern
which every point within the given region

Rosiebel A Abao, MSciEd

is closer to a seed. These are mostly seen
on honeycombs, foam bubbles, skin of a
giraffe, and corn on the cob.

Chaos is a kind of pattern that lacks

predictability. It is formed when a
small change makes the system
behave completely. Examples: the
current of the ocean, branches of a
tree, and face of the tiger. 12
SYMMETRIES IN OUR SURROUNDINGS

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One of the artistic or aesthetic concepts of patterns is
symmetry, that exhibits specific kind of balance, repetition,
and harmony.

Rosiebel A Abao, MSciEd

Different Kinds of Symmetries:
1. Reflection Symmetry – shape/figure divides into two, on
which one is a reflection of the other.
2. Rotation Symmetry – known as radical symmetry, the image
is rotated (around a central point) so that it appears two or
more times.
3. Translational Symmetry – to translate an object means to 13
move it without rotating or reflecting it.
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Reflection Symmetry

Rosiebel A Abao, MSciEd

Rotational Symmetry

Translational Symmetry
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ANY QUESTIONS?

Rosiebel A Abao, MSciEd

For your questions, you can write it down in the
comment section. I will answer it anytime of the day.

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EXERCISES:

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1. Appreciate the beauty of nature. Select four (4) things that

Rosiebel A Abao, MSciEd

naturally exists (e.g., a leaf, insect, flower) in your surroundings.
Draw the objects that have selected in a bond paper (with
complete name, course/year/block), and then investigate if the one
you draw is symmetrical or not. Identify what kind of symmetry
and elaborate your answer.
2. Give at least (2) applications of Mathematics in the field of
agriculture and business. Explain your answer.
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Rosiebel A Abao, MSciEd
DEADLINE OF SUBMISSION
WILL BE ON FRIDAY, AUGUST
26, 2022 VIA GOOGLE
CLASSROOM.
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Rosiebel A Abao, MSciEd
Thank you and
God bless you all!
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