Person Health Environment Nursing

Nola Pender- Health Have physical, emotional, purpose of nursing
Promotion Theory socio-cultural needs. services.
dynamic pattern of
functioning whereby
there is a continued
interaction with internal
and external forces
Henderson Have basic needs Balance in all realms of
Nursing need Theory sum of parts with human life
biopsychosocial needs Independence or ability to
Require assistance to perform activities without
achieve health any aid in the 14
components or basic human
needs.
is included in “planning art and science that molds
for optimum health on the attitudes
local, state, and ability to help people, sick
or well
international levels.”
supportive environment assist the individual, sick or
conducive for health is one well, in the performance of
of the elements of her 14 those activities contributing
to health
activities for client
assistance.
external elements that help
to mold and shape an
organisms life and physical
change

Nola Pender- Health primary focus of the positive high-level state physical, interpersonal, and Raising consciousness
Promotion Theory model A person’s definition of economic circumstances Promoting self-efficacy
unique personal health for himself or herself absence of toxic substances, Controlling the environment
characteristics and is more important than any availability of restorative to support.
experiences general definition of health experiences, and
learn health behaviors accessibility. Enhancing the benefits of
within the context of the change
family & the community
 caring and to be capable of
Madeleine Leininger - being concerned about the
Transcultural Nursing needs, well-being, and
Theory or Cultural survival of others.
Care Theory
unitary, that is cannot be
Margaret Newman - divided into parts
identified by their patterns
Health as of consciousness”
Expanding person is consciousness
centers of consciousness
Consciousness
Kristen Swanson - Theory wholeness is made manifest
of Caring in thoughts, feelings and
behaviors
Rosemarie Rizzo Parse - Open being
Human Becoming Theory Greater than the sum of its
parts
state of well-being that is
culturally defined, valued,
and practiced, and which
reflects the ability of
individuals (or groups) to
perform their daily role
activities in culturally
expressed, beneficial, and
patterned lifeways
fusion on one state of being
(disease) with its opposite
(non-disease
Releasing inner pain,
establishing new meanings,
restoring integration and
emerging into a sense of
renewed wholeness
Open process of being and
becoming. Involves synthesis
of value
Worldview is the way in learned humanistic and
which people look at the scientific profession and
world, or at the universe discipline which is focused
Cultural and social structure on human care phenomena
dimensions are defined as and activities ) in culturally
involving the dynamic meaningful and beneficial
patterns and features of ways
interrelated structural
Environmental context is
the totality of an event,
situation, or particular
experience that gives
meaning to human
expressions, interpretations
universe of open systems” caring in the human health
experience
partnership between the
nurse and client,
context that influences or is informed caring
influenced by the designated
client
Everything in the person and Human science and art that
his experiences uses an abstract body of
Everything in the person and knowledge to serve people
his experiences
Inseparable, complimentary
to and evolving with the
person/patient
 valued person to be cared
for, respected, nurtured,
understood, and assisted;
Jean Watson Philosophy in general a philosophical
and Theory of view of a person as a fully
Transpersonal Caring functional integrated self
Patricia Sawyer Benner - does not come to the
Novice to Expert world predefined but gets
defined in the course of
living life
Katie Eriksson suffering human being or
Caritative Theory of a human who suffers and
Caring and Caring Science patiently endures
Martha Rogers Science of open system continuously
Unitary Human Beings connected to the
environment. A person
cannot be viewed as
parts, it should be
considered as a whole
unity and harmony within some people who have a human science of
the mind, body, and soul; cared for others. A caring persons and human
health is associated with attitude is not transmitted health-illness experiences
the degree of congruence from generation to that are mediated by
between the self as generation by genes professional, personal,
perceived and the self as scientific, aesthetic and
experienced. It is defined ethical human care
as a high level of overall transactions.
physical, mental, and
social functioning; a
general adaptive-
maintenance level of daily
functioning; and the
absence of illness, or the
presence of efforts
leading to the absence of
illness
lived experience of being social environment with enabling condition of
healthy and ill social definition and connection and concern
meaning
soundness, freshness, and caring culture concepts; Caritative Care Ethics
well-being; Health implies characterizes the total makes a basic distinction
being whole in body, soul caring reality based on between caring and
and spirit. cultural elements; nursing ethics. Caring
preserving respect, ethics, the core of nursing
dignity, and holiness of ethics, deals with patient-
human being nurse relationship Caring
nursing represents a kind
of caring without
prejudice that emphasizes
the patient and his or her
suffering and desire
determined by the Irreducible, pan Both an empirical science
interaction between dimensional sharing of and art. Purpose is to
energy fields energy and patterns with promote health and well-
humans through being for all persons.
synchronous interactions
Dorothea Orem The Self individual, who is with the
Care Deficit Nursing capacity for self
Theory knowledge, who can
engage in deliberate
action, interpret
experiences, and perform
beneficial actions
Imogene King Goal Social beings who are
Attainment General rational and sentient
Systems Framework - open systems constantly
Nursing Conceptual interacting with their
environment
Model
- the internal and external
Betty Neuman Systems open system that
Model interacts with both
internal and external
environment forces or
stressors. The human is in
constant change, moving
toward a dynamic state of
system stability or toward
illness of varying degrees.
Callista Roy Adaptation Bio-psycho-social being in
Theory constant interaction with
a changing environment
Dorothy Johnson Behavioral system with
patterned, repetitive and
soundness or wholeness
of bodily structure and
functions; illness is its
opposite
dynamic state in the life
cycle; illness interferences
with that process
- implies continuous
adjustment to stress in
environment
the condition or degree of
system stability and is
viewed as a continuum
from wellness to illness.
When system needs are
met, optimal wellness
exists
A state and process of
being and becoming an
integrated and whole that
reflects person and
environment mutuality
elusive, dynamic state
influenced by biological,
environmental factors,
environment elements,
environmental conditions
(external physical and
psychological
surroundings) and
developmental
environment
-positively or negatively
affects the person’s ability
to provide self care
Internal environment:
transforms energy to
enable person to adjust to
continuous external
environmental changes.
External environment:
involves formal and
informal organizations.
vital arena that is
germane to the system
and its function. The
environment may be
viewed as all factors that
affect and are affected by
the system
conditions, circumstances
and influence surrounding
and affecting the
development and
behavior of a persons
factors that are not part
of the individual’s
intellectual quality of the
individual nurse; this
quality is related to
creativity as well as
analysis and synthesis of
information, all of which
contribute to
development of nursing
systems to assist
individuals or multiperson
units
process of action,
reaction, and interaction
whereby nurse and client
share information about
their perceptions in the
nursing situation. The
nurse and client share
specific goals, problems,
concerns
define the appropriate
action in situations that
are stress-related or in
relation to possible
reactions of the client or
client system to stressors.
promote adaptation for
individuals and groups in
the four adaptive modes,
thus contributing to
health, quality of life, and
dying with dignity by
assessing behavior
external force acting to
preserve the organization
Behavioral purposeful ways of psychological, and social behavioral system, but and integration of the
behaving that link the factors that influence the system patient’s behavior to an
System Model person with the optimal level by means of
environment imposing temporary
regulatory or control
mechanisms or by
providing resources while
the patient is experiencing
stress or behavioral
system imbalance
Hildegard Peplau organism that “strives in word symbol that implies Existing forces outside the A significant therapeutic
Interpersonal Relations its own way to reduce forward movement of organism and in the interpersonal process. It
Theory tension generated by personality content of culture. functions cooperatively
need with other human
processes that make
health possible for
individuals in
communities
Ida Jean Orlando humans in need are the replaced by a sense of NA unique and independent
focus of nursing practice helplessness as the in its concerns for an
- Deliberative initiator of a necessity for individual’s need for help
Nursing Process nursing in an immediate situation.
The efforts to meet the
Theory individual’s need for help
are carried out in an
interactive situation and
in a disciplined manner
that requires proper
training.

Joyce Travelbee A human being Subjective health—is an human conditions and life interpersonal process
individually defined state experiences encountered whereby the professional
Human to of wellbeing in accord by all men as sufferings, nurse practitioner assists
with self-appraisal of hope, pain and illness. an individual, family or
Human physical-emotional- community to prevent or
spiritual status. cope with experience or
Relationship Objective health—is an illness and suffering
Theory absence of discernible
disease, disability or
defect as measured by
physical examination,
laboratory tests and
assessment by spiritual
director or psychological
counselor.
Lydia Hall Care, 16 years of age or older self-awareness with a dealt with in relation to consisting of participation
and past the acute stage conscious selection of the individual. in the care, core, and cure
Cure, Cure of long-term illness behaviours that are aspects of patient care
optimal for that individual
Florence Receiving care innate process could be altered to Nurses help patients
Having physical, experienced as part of the improve conditions retain their own vitality
Nightingale intellectual, emotional and person’s path
able to use well every
empirical observation by meeting their basic
spiritual components that poor or difficult needs through control of
Environmental ability and the power we have to use”
environments leads to the environment
responsibility to alter augmented through
Theory innately good education and the poor health and Nursing activities were
closer to God improvement of unsanitary disease. to be based not only on
conditions compassion, but on
Disease reparative observation and
process/ is more experience, statistical
accurately portrayed as data, knowledge of
disease or the absence of sanitation and nutrition,
comfort.
and administrative skills
An opportunity to gain
spiritual perspective
Not only to be well