UNIZAH COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

Mechanical Engineering Department

Thermal Fluid Systems ME495

Pumping System

Dr. Hussain Sadig

1. Classification of Hydraulic Machines
 2. Classification of Rotodynamic Machines

All rotodynamic machines, have a rotating part called the impeller, through which the
fluid flow is continuous. The direction of fluid flow in relation to the plane of impeller
rotation distinguishes different classes of rotodynamic machines.

1. One possibility is for the flow to be perpendicular to the impeller and, hence, along
its axis of rotation. Machines of this kind are called axial flow machines.

2. In centrifugal machines (sometimes called ‘radial flow’), although the fluid

approaches the impeller axially, it turns at the machine’s inlet so that the flow
through the impeller is in the plane of the impeller rotation.

3. Mixed flow machines

2. Classification of Rotodynamic Machines
 3. Theory of Rotodynamic Machines

The real flow through an impeller is three dimensional, that is to say the velocity of the
fluid is a function of three positional coordinates, say, in the cylindrical system, r, θ and z,
as shown in the below figure. Thus, there is a variation of velocity not only along the
radius but also across the blade passage in any plane parallel to the impeller rotation.
Also, there is a variation of velocity in the meridional plane, i.e. along the axis of the
impeller. The velocity distribution is, therefore, very complex and dependent upon the
number of blades, their shapes and thicknesses, as well as on the width of the impeller and
its variation with radius.
3. One-Dimensional Flow Through a Centrifugal Impeller
3. One-Dimensional Flow Through a Centrifugal Impeller
3. One-Dimensional Flow Through a Centrifugal Impeller
3. Application of Euler’s Equation for Centrifugal Machines
3. Application of Euler’s Equation for Centrifugal Machines
3. Application of Euler’s Equation for Centrifugal Machines
3. Application of Euler’s Equation for Axial Flow Machines
3. Application of Euler’s Equation for Axial Flow Machines
3. Application of Euler’s Equation for Axial Flow Machines
3. Application of Euler’s Equation for Axial Flow Machines
3. Application of Euler’s Equation for Axial Flow Machines
3. Application of Euler’s Equation for Axial Flow Machines
3. Application of Euler’s Equation for Axial Flow Machines
3. Application of Euler’s Equation for Axial Flow Machines
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