GKG_LILIA\ ?7 ^HE 8<5

Wj ohjla fal hf ijcarm h qug 2 2>%
>% `g sus lfi gjtgs tigjgj lugjth `g
lbgqugs4 3>% tigjgj lugjth `g hbarras y 7>% lugjthj laj
hmohs. \i sg gfieg
gfieg uj lfi gjtg hf h
hzh
zhr,
r, ±luèf gs fh pr aohoif i`h` q ug
gf lfigjtg tgjeh ujh lugjth `g lbgqu gs a `g hbarr as1 ±luèf gs gs fh
praohoifi`h` `g qug gf lfigjtg ja tgjeh lugjth `g lbgqugs ji `g

hbarras1
2>% = >.2
3>% = >.3
7>% = >.7

±luèf gs fh praohoifi`h` qug gf lfigjtg tgjeh ujh lugjth `g

lbgqugs a `g hbarras1

^ (H a O) = >.2> + >.3>  “ >.7> = >.9>

Gxistg ujh praohoifi`h` `gf 9>% `g qug tgjeh ujh lugjth `g lbgqugs
a ujh `g hbarra.

±luèf gs fh praohoifi`h` `g qug gf lfigjtg ja tgjeh lugjth `g

lbgqugs ji `g hbarras
hbarras 1

>,9> = >,8> = 8>%

`g praohoifi`h` `g qug gf lfigjtg ja tgjeh jijeujh `g fhs `as lugjths.

 

Gkgrlilia <8 pèe. 8<2

Wjh gjlugsth h 707 gstu`ihjtgs `g g`ulhliüj supgriar pfhjtga

fhs sieuigjtgs prgeujths ‖±luèf tu `gpartg `g ijvigrja chvarita1”,
chv arita1”,
y ±h qué tipa `g ijstituliüj hsistgs1”.
hsistgs1” . Fas rgsufth`as s g rgsumgj
rgsumgj
gj fh sieu igjtg thofh.

@gpartgs `g ijvigrja chvarita

tipa `g ijstituliüj \jawoahr`ije Gsqui ^htijhkg saorg bigfa Pathf
Gslugfh Péljilh 32 08 03 877
Wjivgrsi`h` 20 73 5> ?8>
Chlufth` `g
79 50 05 82>
paserh`a
Pathf ?88 858 83< 707

h) ±Luèf gs fh praohoifi`h` `g gfgeir h uj gstu`ihjtg luya

`gpartg chvarita sgh gf
gf gsquí1
^_AOHOIFI@H@ = 858/707 = >.<80o.

o) ±Luèf gs fh praohoifi`h` `g gfgeir h uj gstu`ihjtg `g ujh

gslugfh téljilh1
^_AOHOIFI@H@ = 877/707 = >.?2

l) \i gf gstu`ihjtg gfgei`a gsth gj fh ujivgrsi`h`, ±Luèf gs fh

praohoifi`h` `g qug prgcigrh gf phtijhkg saorg bigfa1  
^_AOHOIFI@H@ = 5>/?8> = >.<<<<

`) \i g
gff gstu`ihjtg gfgei`a prgcigrg gf sjawoa hr`ij e, ±Luèf
±Luèf gs
gs fh
praohoifi`h` `g qug hsisth h ujh gslugfh téljilh1
téljilh1
^_AOHOIFI@H@ = 32/?88 = >.<??
 

g) \i sg sgfglliajh h uj gstu`ihjtg `g paserh`a, ±Luèf gs fh

praohoifi`h` `g q ug prgcigrh gf
gf gsquí a gf phtijhkg saorg bi gfa1 
^_AOHOIFI@H@ = 50 + 05= 8?8/82> = >.35?

Gkgrlilia 08 pèe. 803

Wj gjlugsth`ar sgfglliaja gj carmh hfghtarih h luhtra `g 8>
pgrsajhs `ispaj iofgs. ±
±Luè
Luèjtas
jtas `ic grgjtgs
grgjtgs erupas saj pa siofgs1

@aj`g;

x; gf tathf `g gfgmgjtas (8> pgrsajhs `ispajiofgs)

j; lhjti`h` `g gfgmgjtas qug sg heruphrhj (sg tamhj 0)

\ustituimas phrh x = 8> pgrsajhs, `g fhs luhfgs sg tamhj j = 0 phrh carmhr lh`h
erupa `g carmh hfghtarih;

^ (8>,0) = 8>!/0! µ (8> - 0)!

^ (8>,0) = 8>! / (0! µ 3)!

^ (8>,0)
(8>,0) = ((8>
8> µ 9 µ 2 µ 5 µ 3 µ 7 µ 0 µ < µ ? µ 8) / (0 µ < µ ? µ 8) µ (3 µ 7 µ 0 µ < µ ? µ 8)

_g`ulimas fhs gxprgsiajgs fhs luhfgs gstèj suorhyh`hs;

^ (8>,0) = (8> µ 9 µ 2 µ 5) / (0 µ < µ ? µ 8)

^ (8>,0) = 7>0>/?0
^ (8>,0) = ?8>

^ar fa thjta, sg pug`gj carmhr ?8> erupas `g 0 pgrsajhs

 

Gkgrlilia 03 pèe. 805

Wjh lam phøíh vh h lrghr trgs ju gvhs `ivis iajgs. ^hrh `ir ieir lh`h
ujh `g gffhs bhy sigtg egrgjtgs gfgeiofgs. ±`g luhjths carm hs sg
pa`ríhj gfgeir
gfgeir h fas tr gs jugvas ` irgltargs1 \uegrgjlih; hsumh
qug fh hsiejhliüj `g fh `ivis iüj s i bhlg `icgrgjlih.

5 2 3 > 5 ^< = ?8>

8,?,< 8,<,7 8,7,3 ?,<,5 <,0,7 0,7,3

8,?,0 8,<,3 8,7,5 ?,0,7 <,0,3 0,7,5
8,?,7 8,<,5 8,3,5 ?,0,3 <,0,5 0,3,5
8,?,3 8,0,7 ?,<,0 ?,0,5 <,7,3 7,3,5
8,?,5 8,0,3 ?,<,7 ?,7,3 <,7,5
8,<,0 8,0,5 ?,<,3 ?,3,5 <,3,5

Gkgrlilia 75 pèe. 809

Di`` i Lhrts Ijtgrj htiajhf ti gjg 8>>
8>> gmpfgh`as.
gmpfgh`as. @g gsta
gsta s, 75 saj
trhohkh`args
trhohkh `args par barh, 0>
0> saj s upgrvisargs, ? saj sglrgthrihs y gf atra
gmpfgh`a gs gf prgsi`gjtg. \upa \upa jeh qug sgfglliaj h uj gmpfgh`a

h. ±luèf g
gss fh pra ohoifi `h` `g qug gf
gf g
gmpfgh`a
mpfgh`a sgfgllia jh`a sgh uj
trhohkh`ar
trhohkh`ar pa r barh1

o. ±L
±Luèf
uèf gs fh praohoif i`h` `g qug gf gmpfgh`a
gmpfgh`a sgfgllia jh`a sgh uj
trhohkh`ar
trhohkh`ar par ba rh a uj supgrvisar1

^ (^ a \)= ^(^)(
^(^)(pra`u
pra`ulliüj
lliüj)) + ^(\) (supgrvisi
(supgrvisiüj)
üj) ^ ( ^ a \) = >,75 + ^( ^
a \) = >,75
>,75 >,95ll 
+ >,0 ^ ( ^ a \) = >,95

l. _g
_gspglta
spglta `gf pujta o, ±gstas
±gstas gvgjtas saj mutuhmgjtg
gxlfuygjtgs1
\í, yh qug uj gmpfgh`a ja pug`g sgr fhs `as lashs, gs
`glir ja pug`g pgrtgjglgr h pra`ulliüj y h supgrvisar  
 

`. ±L
±Luèf
uèf gs fh praohoif i`h` `g qug gf gmpfgh`a
gmpfgh`a sgfgllia jh`a ja sgh
trhohkh`ar
trhohkh`ar par ba rh ji supgrvisar1

\i ja gs trhohkh`ar `g fh pra`ulliüj ji supgrvisar, gjtajlgs gf gmpfgh`a

sgfglliajh`a gstè gjtrg ? sglrgthrihs y 8 prgsi`gjtg hsí qug phrh
lhflufhr fh praohoifi`h` sg hpfilh fh rgefh `gf lampfgmgjta  
 “  “
^(H) = 8  ^(^ a \)^(H)
\)^(H) = 8  >,95 ^(H) = >,><