Nama : Ulfah Mandasari

NIM : 1901093
Kelas : Teknik Perminyakan b 2019

REWORK
(Enhanced Oil Recovery)

Example 4.1 – performance calculations based on physical modelling result.

A waterflood is conducted in a five-spot pattern for which the pattern area is 20 acres. Reservoir
properties are

h = 20 ft
∅=0.20
Soi = 0.80
Sor = 0.25
μo = 10 cp
μw = 1.0 cp
B0 = 1.0 RB/STB
k = 50 md
krw = 0.27 (at ROS)
kro = 0.94 (at interstitial water saturation)
∆ p = 1,250 psi
rw = 0.5 ft

use the method of caudle and witte11 to calculate (1) the barrels of oil recovered at the point in
time at which the producing WOR = 10, (2) the volume of water injected at the same point, (3)
the rate of water injection at the same point in time, and (4) the initial rate of water injection at
the start of the waterflood.
Solution. Apply the correlations presented in Figs. 4.9 through 4.11,

WOR = 10
1. Calculate oil recovered
M =¿ krw/ μw)( kro/ μo)
If we asssume piston-like displacement, M = (0.27/1.0 cp)(10.0 cp/0.94) = 2.9 and fD =
20/21
= 0.95. from fig. 4.10, EA = 0.94. Oil recovered is then

1 1
Np=∆ h( Soi−Sor ) EA
5.615 ft 3/bbl Bo
= [(43,560 ft2/acre x 10 acre) x 20 ft x 0.20 x (0.80-0.25) x 0.94]/(5.615 ft3/bbl x 1.0
RB/STB)
= 160,4311 STB.

2. Calculate total water injected. From fig. 4.9, Vi/Vpd = 2.5 (at EA = 0.94).
 Vpd = Vp (Soi-Sor)
= ∆ h(Soi−Sor )(1/5.615)
(0.80−0.25)
= (43,560 x 10) x 20 x 0.20 x
5.615
= 170,67142 bbl.

Vi = Vpd x 2,5
= 170,67142 x 2,5
= 426,67854 bbl.

3. Calculate water injection rate at the same point in time. From Eq. 4.19,
0,001538 kkroh ∆ p
i = d
μo (log −0,2688)
rw

0,001538 x 50 x 0,94 x 10 x 1250

= 660
10(log −0,2688)
0,5
= 31,7 B/D.
From fig. 4.11, γ=2,7 . From eq. 4.20,
q = iγ
= 31,7 x 2,7
= 85 B/D,
Which is the injection rate because flow is constant through the system.

4. Calculate initial water injection rate. This is injection rate, i, calculated from Eq. 4.19 with
the properties of the oil; i = 31,7 B/D.

WOR = 15
1. Calculate oil recovered
M =¿ krw/ μw)( kro/ μo)
If we asssume piston-like displacement, M = (0.27/1.0 cp)(10.0 cp/0.94) = 2.9 and fD =
20/21
= 0.95. from fig. 4.10, EA = 0.94. Oil recovered is then

1 1
Np=∆ h( Soi−Sor ) EA
5.615 ft 3/bbl Bo
= [(43,560 ft2/acre x 15 acre) x 20 ft x 0.20 x (0.80-0.25) x 0.94]/(5.615 ft3/bbl x 1.0
RB/STB)
= 240,6467 STB.

2. Calculate total water injected. From fig. 4.9, Vi/Vpd = 2.5 (at EA = 0.94).
Vpd = Vp (Soi-Sor)
= ∆ h(Soi−Sor )(1/5.615)
 (0.80−0.25)
= (43,560 x 15) x 20 x 0.20 x
5.615
= 256,00712 bbl.

Vi = Vpd x 2,5
= 256,00712 x 2,5
= 640,01781 bbl.

3. Calculate water injection rate at the same point in time. From Eq. 4.19,
0,001538 kkroh ∆ p
i = d
μo (log −0,2688)
rw

0,001538 x 50 x 0,94 x 15 x 1250

= 660
10(log −0,2688)
0,5
= 47,5 B/D.
From fig. 4.11, γ=2,7 . From eq. 4.20,
q = iγ
= 47,5 x 2,7
= 128 B/D,
Which is the injection rate because flow is constant through the system.

4. Calculate initial water injection rate. This is injection rate, i, calculated from Eq. 4.19 with
the properties of the oil; i = 47,5 B/D.

WOR = 20
1. Calculate oil recovered
M =¿ krw/ μw)( kro/ μo)
If we asssume piston-like displacement, M = (0.27/1.0 cp)(10.0 cp/0.94) = 2.9 and fD =
20/21
= 0.95. from fig. 4.10, EA = 0.94. Oil recovered is then

1 1
Np=∆ h( Soi−Sor ) EA
5.615 ft 3/bbl Bo
= [(43,560 ft2/acre x 20 acre) x 20 ft x 0.20 x (0.80-0.25) x 0.94]/(5.615 ft3/bbl x 1.0
RB/STB)
= 320,8623 STB.

2. Calculate total water injected. From fig. 4.9, Vi/Vpd = 2.5 (at EA = 0.94).
Vpd = Vp (Soi-Sor)
= ∆ h(Soi−Sor )(1/5.615)
(0.80−0.25)
= (43,560 x 20) x 20 x 0.20 x
5.615
= 341,34283 bbl.
 Vi = Vpd x 2,5
= 341,342883 x 2,5
= 853,35708 bbl.

3. Calculate water injection rate at the same point in time. From Eq. 4.19,
0,001538 kkroh ∆ p
i = d
μo (log −0,2688)
rw

0,001538 x 50 x 0,94 x 20 x 1250

= 660
10( log −0,2688)
0,5
= 63,4 B/D.
From fig. 4.11, γ=2,7 . From eq. 4.20,
q = iγ
= 63,4 x 2,7
= 171 B/D,
Which is the injection rate because flow is constant through the system.

4. Calculate initial water injection rate. This is injection rate, i, calculated from Eq. 4.19 with
the properties of the oil; i = 63,4 B/D.

WOR = 25
1. Calculate oil recovered
M =¿ krw/ μw)( kro/ μo)
If we asssume piston-like displacement, M = (0.27/1.0 cp)(10.0 cp/0.94) = 2.9 and fD =
20/21
= 0.95. from fig. 4.10, EA = 0.94. Oil recovered is then

1 1
Np=∆ h( Soi−Sor ) EA
5.615 ft 3/bbl Bo
= [(43,560 ft2/acre x 25 acre) x 20 ft x 0.20 x (0.80-0.25) x 0.94]/(5.615 ft3/bbl x 1.0
RB/STB)
= 401,0778 STB.

2. Calculate total water injected. From fig. 4.9, Vi/Vpd = 2.5 (at EA = 0.94).
Vpd = Vp (Soi-Sor)
= ∆ h(Soi−Sor )(1/5.615)
(0.80−0.25)
= (43,560 x 25) x 20 x 0.20 x
5.615
= 426,67854 bbl.
 Vi = Vpd x 2,5
= 426,67854 x 2,5
= 1066,6963 bbl.

3. Calculate water injection rate at the same point in time. From Eq. 4.19,
0,001538 kkroh ∆ p
i = d
μo (log −0,2688)
rw

0,001538 x 50 x 0,94 x 25 x 1250

= 660
10( log −0,2688)
0,5
= 79,2 B/D.
From fig. 4.11, γ=2,7 . From eq. 4.20,
q = iγ
= 79,2 x 2,7
= 214 B/D,
Which is the injection rate because flow is constant through the system.

4. Calculate initial water injection rate. This is injection rate, i, calculated from Eq. 4.19 with
the properties of the oil; i = 79,2 B/D.

WOR = 30
1. Calculate oil recovered
M =¿ krw/ μw)( kro/ μo)
If we asssume piston-like displacement, M = (0.27/1.0 cp)(10.0 cp/0.94) = 2.9 and fD =
20/21
= 0.95. from fig. 4.10, EA = 0.94. Oil recovered is then

1 1
Np=∆ h( Soi−Sor ) EA
5.615 ft 3/bbl Bo
= [(43,560 ft2/acre x 30 acre) x 20 ft x 0.20 x (0.80-0.25) x 0.94]/(5.615 ft3/bbl x 1.0
RB/STB)
= 481,2934 STB.

2. Calculate total water injected. From fig. 4.9, Vi/Vpd = 2.5 (at EA = 0.94).
Vpd = Vp (Soi-Sor)
= ∆ h(Soi−Sor )(1/5.615)
(0.80−0.25)
= (43,560 x 30) x 20 x 0.20 x
5.615
= 512,01425 bbl.

Vi = Vpd x 2,5
= 512,01425 x 2,5
= 1280,0356 bbl.
3. Calculate water injection rate at the same point in time. From Eq. 4.19,
0,001538 kkroh ∆ p
i = d
μo (log −0,2688)
rw

0,001538 x 50 x 0,94 x 30 x 1250

= 660
10(log −0,2688)
0,5
= 95,0 B/D.
From fig. 4.11, γ=2,7 . From eq. 4.20,
q = iγ
= 95,0 x 2,7
= 257 B/D,
Which is the injection rate because flow is constant through the system.

4. Calculate initial water injection rate. This is injection rate, i, calculated from Eq. 4.19 with
the properties of the oil; i = 95,0 B/D.