OHM’S LAW

Ohm’s Law
Ohm’s Law states that the current is directly
proportional to voltage and inversely
proportional to resistance.

𝑽
𝑰=
𝑹
Ohm’s Law
It can be described in two other ways:

𝑽
𝑽 = 𝑰𝑹 & 𝑹 =
𝑰
Where,
V – Voltage; I – Current; R - Resistance
Ohm’s Law
Sample No. 1
A heater with the resistance of 8Ω is
connected across the 120V power line.
How much is the current?
𝑽 𝟏𝟐𝟎𝑽
𝑰= = → 𝑨𝑵𝑺 = 𝟏𝟓𝑨
𝑹 𝟖Ω
Ohm’s Law
Sample No. 2
A small light bulb with a resistance of
24kΩ is connected across a 120V
power line. How much is the current?
𝑽 𝟏𝟐𝟎𝑽
𝑰= = → 𝑨𝑵𝑺 = 𝟓𝒎𝑨
𝑹 24000Ω
Ohm’s Law
Sample No. 3
If a 12-Ohm resistor is carrying a
current of 2.5A, how much is the
voltage?
𝑽 = 𝑰𝑹 = 2.5A 12Ω
ANS: V = 30V
Ohm’s Law
Sample No. 4
How much is the resistance of a light
bulb if it draws 0.16A from a 12-V
battery?
𝑽 𝟏𝟐𝑽
𝑹= =
𝑰 𝟎. 𝟏𝟔𝑨
ANS: R = 75Ω
Electric Power
The unit of electric power is the Watt (W),
named after James Watt. One watt of power
equals the work done in one second.

𝒘 𝒘 𝑸
𝟏𝑾 = ; 𝑽 = ; 𝑰 =
𝒕 𝑸 𝒕
𝟏𝑾 𝑷 = 𝑽 𝒙 𝑰
Electric Power
Sample No. 5
How much power is used in the
filament that takes 10A from a 120V
power line.
𝑷 = VI = 120V 10A
ANS: P = 1.2kW
Electric Power
Sample No. 6
Assuming that the cost of electricity is
Php5/kWh, how much will it cost to
light a 100W light bulb for 30days?

ANS: Cost = Php360.00

Electric Power
First, there are 24hrs a day multiply by 30days
and that is equals to 720h.
Next, calculate the number of kWh that will be
used. That’s 0.1kW x 720h = 72kWh.
And finally, determine the cost.
𝒄𝒐𝒔𝒕
𝑻𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝒕 = 𝒂𝒄𝒕𝒖𝒂𝒍 𝒖𝒔𝒂𝒈𝒆 𝒙
𝒌𝑾𝒉
𝑷𝒉𝒑𝟓
𝑻𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒍 𝑪𝒐𝒔𝒕 = 𝟕𝟐𝒌𝑾𝒉 𝒙 = 𝑷𝒉𝒑𝟑𝟔𝟎
𝒌𝑾𝒉
Power in Resistance

𝑷 = 𝑽 𝒙 𝑰 → 𝐏 = 𝐈𝐑 𝐱𝐈 → 𝑷 = 𝑰𝟐 𝑹

𝟐
𝑽 𝑽
𝑷 = 𝑽 𝒙 𝑰 → 𝑷 = 𝑰𝒙 ( ) → 𝑷 =
𝑹 𝑹
Power in Resistance
Sample No. 7
Calculate the power in a circuit that
produces 2A in a 50Ω resistance.

𝟐 2
𝑷 = 𝑰 𝑹 → 2𝐴 50
ANS: P = 200W
Power in Resistance
Sample No. 7
Calculate the power in a circuit where
the source of 100V produces 2A in a
50Ω resistance.
𝑽𝟐 1002
𝑷= →
𝑹 50
ANS: P = 200W
Choosing a Resistor
Sample No. 8
Determine the required resistance and
appropriate wattage rating of a resistor to
meet the following requirements: The
resistor must have a 30-V drop when its
current is 20 mA. The resistors available
have the following wattage ratings: 1 ⁄8,
1 ⁄4, 1 ⁄2, 1, and 2 W.
Choosing a Resistor
First, calculate the power dissipation on the
resistor.
𝑷 = 𝑰𝒙𝑽 → 𝑷 = 𝟑𝟎𝑽𝒙𝟐𝟎𝒎𝑨
P = 0.6W or 600mW
Now, select a suitable wattage rating for the
resistor.