1|Ma thema tics 9_LAS_1 _We ek2.

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region V – Bicol
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE
Daet, Camarines Norte

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

MATHEMATICS 9
Quarter 1 - WEEK 2.1

CHARACTERIZING THE ROOTS OF QUADRATIC EQUATION USING THE DISCRIMINANT

Name: _______________________________Section: _________ Score: _____ Date: ___________

I. Introduction
Hello learners! This Learning Activity Sheet is another tool to help
deepen your understanding and master the mathematical concepts
and principles in characterizing the roots of quadratic equation using
the discriminant. Enjoy while learning!

II. Learning Objectives

After answering this activity sheet, you must be able to
identify the characteristics of the roots of quadratic equation
using the discriminant (M9AL-Ic-1).

Always remember health is wealth, so stay at home but

continue to study and learn more skills.

III. Vocabulary Words

Before we proceed to our lesson, let us first identify the unfamiliar words
that we might encounter in this activity. Are you ready?

• Discriminant- this is the value of the expression 𝑏2 – 4𝑎𝑐 in the

quadratic formula.

• Extraneous Root or Solution–a solution of an equation derived

from an original equation. However, it is not a solution of the
original equation.
• Irrational Roots – these are the roots of equations which
cannot be expressed as quotient of integers.
• Rational Roots - these are the roots of equations which can
be expressed as quotient of integers.

SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF CAMARINES NORTE

Eco Athletic Field, F. Pimentel Ave., Daet, Camarines Norte 4600
•DepEd
camarines.norte@deped.gov.ph`
Camarines Norte
2|Ma thema tics 9_LAS_1 _We ek2.1

IV. Learning Activities

Discussion:
I’m back! Let us study the data below.

The roots of the quadratic equation 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0 are given by the formula

rcle
−𝑏±√𝑏2 −4𝑎𝑐
𝑥= . The value of the expression 𝒃𝟐 − 𝟒𝒂𝒄 in the quadratic equation is called the
2𝑎
discriminant. This possible value can be used to describe the nature of the roots of a
quadratic equation as shown below.

A. Discriminant: 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 = 0 (zero)

Nature of Roots: Only one solution; it is real, rational and equal
Example: 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 4 = 0
Given: a=1, b=-4 , c=4
Substitute: 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐
Solve: 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 = (−4)2 − 4(1)(4)
= 16 − 16
=𝟎
Roots (𝒙𝟏 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒙𝟐):
To find 𝒙𝟏 : To find 𝒙𝟐 :

−(−4) + √(−4)2 − 4(1)(4) −(−4) − √(−4)2 − 4(1)(4)

𝑥1 = 𝑥2 =
2(1) 2(1)
4 + √16 − 16 4 − √16 − 16
= =
2 2
4 + √0 4 − √0
= =
2 2
4+0 4−0
= =
2 2
4 4
= =
2 2
𝒙𝟏 = 𝟐 𝒙𝟐 = 𝟐

The roots of the quadratic equation 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 4 = 0 are real numbers and are equal.

B. Discriminant: 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 > 0 (positive)

Nature of Roots: Two different real-number solutions
1. Solutions are real, rational and unequal (perfect square)
Example: 𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 + 10 = 0
Given: a=1, b=7 , c=10
Substitute: 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐
Solve: 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 = (7)2 − 4(1)(10)
= 49 − 40
=𝟗
Roots (𝒙𝟏 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒙𝟐):

SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF CAMARINES NORTE

Eco Athletic Field, F. Pimentel Ave., Daet, Camarines Norte 4600
camarines.norte@deped.gov.ph`
DepEd Camarines Norte
3|Ma thema tics 9_LAS_1 _We ek2.1

To find 𝒙𝟏 : To find 𝒙𝟐 :
−7 + √9 −7 − √9
𝑥1 = 𝑥1 =
2 2
−7 − 3 −7 − 3
= =
2 2
−4 −10
= =
2 2
𝒙𝟏 = −𝟐 𝒙𝟐 = −𝟓

The roots of the quadratic equation 𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 + 10 = 0 are rational numbers but are not
equal.
2. Solutions are real, irrational and unequal (not perfect square)
Example: 𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 3 = 0
Given: a=1, b=6 , c=3
Substitute: 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐
Solve: 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 = (6)2 − 4(1)(3)
= 36 − 12
= 𝟐𝟒
Roots (𝒙𝟏 &𝒙𝟐):
To find 𝒙𝟏 : To find 𝒙𝟐 :

−6 + √24 −6 − √24
𝑥1 = 𝑥2 =
2 2
−6 + 2√6 −6 − 2√6
= =
2 2
𝒙𝟏 = −𝟑 + √𝟔 𝒙𝟐 = −𝟑 − √𝟔

The roots of the quadratic equation 𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 + 3 = 0 are irrational numbers and are not
equal.

C. Discriminant: 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 < 0

Nature of Roots: No real solutions
Example: 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 5 = 0
Given: a=1, b=-2 & c=5
Substitute: 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐
Solve: 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 = (−2)2 − 4(1)(5)
= 4 − 20
= −𝟏𝟔
Roots (𝒙𝟏 𝒂𝒏𝒅 𝒙𝟐):
To find 𝒙𝟏 : To find 𝒙𝟐 :

−2 + √22 − 4(1)(5) −2 − √22 − 4(1)(5)

𝑥1 = 𝑥2 =
2(1) 2(1)
−2 + √4 − 20 −2 − √4 − 20
= =
2 2
−2 + √−16 −2 − √−16
𝒙𝟏 = 𝒙𝟐 =
2 2

The roots of the quadratic equation 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 5 = 0 are not real numbers.

SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF CAMARINES NORTE

Eco Athletic Field, F. Pimentel Ave., Daet, Camarines Norte 4600
camarines.norte@deped.gov.ph`
DepEd Camarines Norte
4|Ma thema tics 9_LAS_1 _We ek2.1

Congratulations! You’ve almost done the discussion.

Let us do some learning activities.

B. Practices Exercises
Activity 1. FILL THE BLANKS FOR ME! (5 pts.)
Match the following discriminant of quadratic equation to its correct
description.
Column A Column B
1. zero a. The roots are rational and not equal
2. positive perfect square b. The roots are irrational and not equal.
3. positive but not perfect square c. The solutions are real numbers and equal.
4. negative d. There are no real roots.

Activity 2. IS IT A YAY OR A NAY? (5 pts)

Write YAY is the statement is true and write NAY if false.
1. Discriminant is the value of the expression 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑏𝑐 in the quadratic formula.
2. If 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 > 0, then there are two distinct real solutions.
3. Irrational roots of equations which cannot be expressed as a quotient of integers.
4. If 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 < 0, then there is real solution.
5. If 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 = 0, then there is exactly real solution.

Activity 3. FILL THE BLANKS FOR ME! (5 pts.)

Complete the table below.
1. The values of a, b & c in the equation 𝑎2 + 6𝑎 + 9 = 0 are _______________.
2. 𝑎1 = ________ is the first root of the equation 𝑎2 + 6𝑎 + 9 = 0 while,
3. 𝑎2 = ________ is the second one.
4. The nature of roots of the given equation above is ____________.
5. It has ________________solutions.

Activity 4. COMPLETE & SOLVE ME! (5 pts.)

Complete the table below.
Equation Discriminant Number of Roots
1. 𝑥 + 𝑥 − 6 = 0
2
Two real solutions
2. 𝑎2 + 8𝑎 + 16 = 0 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 = 0
3. 𝑧 2 + 𝑧 + 1 = 0 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 < 0
4. 𝑐 2 + 4𝑐 − 5 = 0 Two real solutions
5. 2𝑎2 + 3𝑎 + 2 = 0 No real solution

To check your answers, go to Key on page 5. If you got

17or higher point means that you are on the right track!
If you got 15 and below, don’t worry you’ll learn more
as we go on.
Great job! You are now ready to continue answering activity
3 and 4.
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF CAMARINES NORTE
Eco Athletic Field, F. Pimentel Ave., Daet, Camarines Norte 4600
camarines.norte@deped.gov.ph`
DepEd Camarines Norte
5|Ma thema tics 9_LAS_1 _We ek2.1

It’s been a great journey! You’re done with different

activities in characterizing the roots of quadratic equation
using the discriminant. Please continue to learn more about
it. Congratulations!

V. REFLECTION After being able to identify the concepts learned, it’s now
time to test whether you have acquired and learned the skills
in characterizing the roots of quadratic equation using the
discriminant. Get ready to write and respond to complete
your answer on the table below.

Today, I learned about________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

ANSWER KEY:
Activity 1- FILL THE BLANKS FOR ME!
1. c
2. a
3. b
4. d
Activity 2 – IS IT A YAY OR A NAY?
1. NAY 4. NAY
2. YAY 5. YAY
3. YAY
Activity 3. FILL THE BLANKS FOR ME!
1. a=1, b=6 & c= 9 4. two different real solutions (rational & equal)
2. x=-3 5. 2
3. x=-4
Activity 4 – COMPLETE & SOLVE ME!
1. 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 > 0 4. 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 > 0
2. One real solution 5. 𝑏2 − 4𝑎𝑐 < 0
3. No real solution
VI. References: G9-Q1-M6.pdf
math_9_lm_draft_3.24.2014.pdf
math_9_tg_draft_3.24.2014.pdf
a1_discriminant.pdf (emathematics.net)

CONGRATULATIONS for a job well done! You were able to

master the lesson in characterizing the roots of quadratic
equation using the discriminant. It means you can still do
more. It is so much fun, right? Keep going and happy
learning! Keep safe!

QUARTER 1 MATHEMATICS LAS DEVELOPMENT TEAM

Writer/ Illustrator/Layout Artist: KRISTINE MAE M. TEJADA

Editor: MARIFE S. OSORIO

Reviewers: JOY G. CABRERA/MARCELINO A. ORTUA/AMY DUMAIL

SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF CAMARINES NORTE

Eco Athletic Field, F. Pimentel Ave., Daet, Camarines Norte 4600
camarines.norte@deped.gov.ph`
DepEd Camarines Norte