1 | Mathematics 9_LAS_ Q1 W e e k 1

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region V – Bicol
SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE
Daet, Camarines Norte

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

MATHEMATICS 9
QUARTER 1 - WEEK 1

ILLUSTRATING QUADRATIC EQUATIONS AND SOLVING QUADRATIC EQUATIONS BY EXTRACTING

SQUARE ROOTS, FACTORING, COMPLETING THE SQUARE AND USING QUADRATIC FORMULA

Name: _______________________Section: _____________Score: _____________ Date: _________

I. Introduction Hello learners! This Learning Activity Sheet is another tool to help
deepen your understanding and master the mathematical
concepts and principles in illustrating quadratic equations and
solving quadratic equations by extracting square roots, factoring,
completing the square and using quadratic formula.

Enjoy while learning!

II. Learning Objectives

After answering this activity sheet, you must be able to:

1. illustrate quadratic equations (M9AL-la-1),
2. solve quadratic equations by extracting square roots,
factoring, completing the square and using quadratic
formula (M9AL-la-b-1).

Always remember health is wealth, so stay at home

and continue studying and learning more skills.

III. Vocabulary Words

Before we proceed to our lesson, let us first identify the unfamiliar words
that you might encounter in this activity. Are you ready?

• A Quadratic Equation in one variable is a mathematical sentence of degree 2 that can be

written in standard form 𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄 = 𝟎, where a, b and c are real numbers and a ≠ 0.

SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF CAMARINES NORTE

Eco Athletic Field, F. Pimentel Ave., Daet, Camarines Norte 4600
camarines.norte@deped.gov.ph
DepEd Camarines Norte
2 | Mathematics 9_LAS_ Q1 W e e k 1

• Solutions or Roots of Quadratic Equations – these are the values of the variable/s that
make quadratic equations true.
• Completing the square – it is a method of solving quadratic equations that involves
transforming the quadratic equation 𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄 = 𝟎 into the form (𝑥 − ℎ)2 =
𝑘, 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝑘 ≥ 0.
• Extracting Square Roots – involves isolating the square and then applying the square
root property.
• Zero Product Property simply states that if ab=0 , then either a=0 or b=0 (or both).
A product of factors is zero if and only if one or more of the factors is zero.
• Quadratic Formula – is used to find the solutions for any quadratic equations. This is an
equation that can be used to find the roots or solutions of the quadratic equation 𝒂𝒙𝟐 +
−𝑏±√𝑏2 −4𝑎𝑐
𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄 = 𝟎. The quadratic formula is 𝑥 = 2𝑎

It is me again, we will now start understanding how

quadratic equations can be illustrated and be solved.
IV. Learning Activities
A. DISCUSSION 1 As you go through this lesson, think of this important
question, “How are quadratic equations used in
solving real-life problems and in making decisions?”

What is a quadratic equation? A quadratic equation is an equation of the

second degree, meaning it contains at least one term that is squared. The standard
form is ax² + bx + c = 0 with a, b and c being constants, or numerical coefficients,
and x being an unknown variable.

Examples of the standard form of a quadratic equation (ax² + bx + c = 0) include:

• 6x² + 11x - 35 = 0.
• 2x² - 4x - 2 = 0.
• -4x² - 7x +12 = 0.
• 20x² -15x - 10 = 0
4x² + 81 = 0
In the quadratic equation 𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 + 36 = 0 the values of a, b and c are the
following: a = 1; b = 12 ; c = 36

Let us write the quadratic equation 𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 = -6 in standard form.

𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 = -6 Add 6 to both sides of the equation
𝑥 + 12𝑥 + 6 = -6 + 6
2
Simplify
𝑥 + 12𝑥 + 6 = 0
2

Therefore the standard form of 𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 = -6 is 𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 + 6 = 0

Remember that When b = 0 in the equation 𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄 = 𝟎, it results to a quadratic equation

of the form 𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒄 = 𝟎. When c = 0 in the equation 𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄 = 𝟎, it results to a quadratic
equation of the form 𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 = 𝟎.

SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF CAMARINES NORTE

Eco Athletic Field, F. Pimentel Ave., Daet, Camarines Norte 4600
camarines.norte@deped.gov.ph
DepEd Camarines Norte
3 | Mathematics 9_LAS_ Q1 W e e k 1

DISCUSSION 2. SOLVING QUADRATIC EQUATIONS BY EXTRACTING SQUARE ROOTS

Quadratic equations that can be written in the form of 𝒙𝟐 = 𝒌 can be solved by

applying the following properties:
1. If k > 0, then 𝒙𝟐 = 𝒌 has two real solutions or roots: 𝒙 = ±√𝒌
2. If k = 0, then 𝒙𝟐 = 𝒌 has one real solution or root: 𝒙 = 𝟎
3. If k < 0, then 𝒙𝟐 = 𝒌 has no real solutions or roots.

EXAMPLE Find the solutions of the quadratic equation 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟖𝟏 = 𝟎

1:
SOLUTION: Write the equation 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟖𝟏 = 𝟎 in the form 𝒙𝟐 = 𝒌.
𝑥 2 − 81 = 0 𝑥 2 = 81
𝑥 = ± √81
𝑥 = ±9
CHECKING: To check, substitute these values in the original equation.

For x = 9: For x = - 9
2
𝑥 − 81 = 0 𝑥 2 − 81 = 0
92 − 81 = 0 (−9)2 − 81 = 0
81 − 81 = 0 81 − 81 = 0
0=0 0=0

ANSWER: The equation 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟖𝟏 = 𝟎 has two solutions: x = 9 or x = -9

EXAMPLE 2: Find the solutions of 𝑎2 + 9 = 0

SOLUTION: Write the equation 𝒂𝟐 + 𝟗 = 𝟎 in the form 𝒙𝟐 = 𝒌.

𝒂𝟐 + 𝟗 = 𝟎 𝑎2 = −9
𝑎 = √−9
Since -9 is less than 0, then the equation 𝒂 = −𝟗 has no real solutions or roots.
𝟐

There is no real number when squared gives -9.

ANSWER: The equation 𝒂𝟐 + 𝟗 = 𝟎 has no real roots or solutions.

EXAMPLE 3: Find the solutions of 𝑎2 − 24 = 0

SOLUTION: Write the equation 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐𝟒 = 𝟎 in the form 𝒙𝟐 = 𝒌.

𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐𝟒 = 𝟎 𝑥 2 = 24
𝑥 = ± √4 ⦁ 6
𝑥 = ± 2√6
ANSWER: The equation 𝒙 − 𝟐𝟒 = 𝟎 has two solutions: x = 2√6 and x = - 2√6
𝟐

SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF CAMARINES NORTE

Eco Athletic Field, F. Pimentel Ave., Daet, Camarines Norte 4600
camarines.norte@deped.gov.ph
DepEd Camarines Norte
4 | Mathematics 9_LAS_ Q1 W e e k 1

SOLVING QUADRATIC EQUATIONS BY FACTORING

Some quadratic equations can be solved easily by factoring. To solve such quadratic equations,
the following procedure can be followed:

1. Transform the quadratic equation into standard form if necessary.

2. Factor the quadratic expression.
3. Apply the zero-product property by setting each factor of the quadratic expression equal
to zero.
4. Solve each resulting equation.
5. Check the values of the variable obtained by substituting each in the original equation.

Example: Find the solutions of 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟑𝒙 = −𝟐 by factoring.

Solution:
a. Transform the quadratic equation into standard form 𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄 = 𝟎.
𝒙𝟐 + 𝟑𝒙 = −𝟐 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟐 = 𝟎
b. Factor the quadratic expression 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 2.
𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 2 (𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 + 2)
c. Apply the zero-product property by setting each factor of the quadratic
expression equal to 0.
(𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 + 2) = 0
𝑥 + 1 = 0; 𝑥+2= 0
d. Solve each resulting equation.
𝑥+1= 0 𝑥+1−1=0−1 Subtraction Property of Equality
𝑥 = −1
𝑥+2= 0 𝑥+2−2=0−2 Subtraction Property of Equality
𝑥 = −2
e. Check the values of the variable obtained by substituting each in the
original equation 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟑𝒙 = −𝟐.
For x = -1 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟑𝒙 = −𝟐 For x = -2 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟑𝒙 = −𝟐
2 2
(−1) + 3(−1) = −2 (−2) + 3(−2) = −2
1 − 3 = −2 4 − 6 = −2
−2 = −2 −2 = −2

Both values of x satisfy the given equation. So, the equation

𝒙𝟐 + 𝟑𝒙 = −𝟐 is true when x = -1 or x = -2.
Therefore, the answer in the equation 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟑𝒙 = −𝟐 has two
solutions: x = -1 or x = -2

DISCUSSION 3 SOLVING QUADRATIC EQUATIONS BY COMPLETING THE SQUARE

SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF CAMARINES NORTE

Eco Athletic Field, F. Pimentel Ave., Daet, Camarines Norte 4600
camarines.norte@deped.gov.ph
DepEd Camarines Norte
5 | Mathematics 9_LAS_ Q1 W e e k 1

One important skill in order to easily understand solving quadratic

equations by completing the square is expressing perfect square
trinomials as a square of a binomial.

A perfect square trinomial is a polynomial composed of three whose first and the last
terms are positive and perfect squares, and the middle term is twice the product of the
square roots of the two terms. All perfect square trinomials can be written as a square of a
binomial, as illustrated below.
Perfect Square Trinomials Factored Form
2
𝑥 + 6𝑥 + 9 (𝑥 + 3)2
𝑡 2 − 8𝑡 + 16 (𝑡 − 4)2

To do this, get the square root of the quadratic term 𝑥 2 and the constant term (9),
connect the answers by the sign of the linear term then enclose the expression inside the
parenthesis, and affix an exponent of 2. That’s perfect square trinomial.

Hi! Here are the following steps on how quadratic equations be

solved by completing the square.

1. Write all terms containing the unknown to the left side of the equation and the
constant term to the right side.
2. Divide each term of the equation by the numerical coefficient of 𝑥 2 term. This will
make the equation 𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 = 𝑐.
3. Divide the coefficient of x by 2, square it, then add the answer to both sides of
the equation.
4. Factor the left side of the equation. This is a perfect square trinomial. Simplify the
right side.
5. Take the square root of both sides. Write the ± sign before the square root at the
right side.
6. Equate the square root of the left side expression to the positive square root at
the right side in step 5. The find the second root of the equation.
7. Equate the square root of the left side expression at the negative square root of
the right side in step 5. Then find the solution to the equation.
8. Check each root by substituting it to the original equation.

EXAMPLE 1: Solve 𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐𝒙 − 𝟑 = 𝟎 by completing the square.

SOLUTION: 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 3 = 0 Write the constant on the right side of the
equation.
𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 3 + 3 = 0 + 3 Complete the square on the left side and
2
𝑥 − 2𝑥 = 3 add the same constant to the term on the
𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 1 = 3 + 1 right side.

SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF CAMARINES NORTE

Eco Athletic Field, F. Pimentel Ave., Daet, Camarines Norte 4600
camarines.norte@deped.gov.ph
DepEd Camarines Norte
6 | Mathematics 9_LAS_ Q1 W e e k 1

(𝑥 − 1)2 = 4 Write the expression on the left side as the

square of a binomial.
𝑥 − 1 = ±√4 Extract the square root of the both sides.
𝑥 − 1 = 2; 𝑥 − 1 = −2 Solve for x.
𝑥−1+1=2+1 𝑥 − 1 + 1 = −2 + 1
𝑥=3 𝑥 = −1
To check:
For x = 3 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 3 = 0
(3)2 − 2(3) − 3 = 0
9−6−3=0
9−9= 0
0=0
For x = -1 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 3 = 0
(−1)2 − 2(−1) − 3 = 0
1+2−3=0
3−3= 0
0=0
Therefore, the solution set of 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 3 = 0 is (3, -1).

DISCUSSION 4 SOLVING QUADRATIC EQUATIONS BY USING QUADRATIC FORMULA

Remember that ± is the easiest way to write the two solutions to

the equation. The formula actually means:

−𝒃+√𝒃𝟐 −𝟒𝒂𝒄 −𝒃−√𝒃𝟐 −𝟒𝒂𝒄

𝒙= 𝒙=
𝟐𝒂 𝟐𝒂

EXAMPLE 1: Find the solutions of the equation 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏𝟎𝒙 = −𝟗 using the quadratic formula.
• Write the equation in standard 𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 = −9 𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 + 9 = 0
form
• Determine the values of a, b 𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 + 9 = 0 a = 1; b = 10; c = 9
and c
• Substitute the values of a, b and −𝒃±√𝒃𝟐−𝟒𝒂𝒄 −(𝟏𝟎)±√(𝟏𝟎)𝟐 −𝟒(𝟏)(𝟗)
𝒙= 𝒙 =
c in the quadratic formula 𝟐𝒂 𝟐(𝟏)

• Simplify the result −(𝟏𝟎) ± √(𝟏𝟎)𝟐 − 𝟒(𝟏)(𝟗)

𝒙=
𝟐(𝟏)
−𝟏𝟎 ± √𝟏𝟎𝟎 − 𝟑𝟔
𝒙=
𝟐
−𝟏𝟎 ± √𝟔𝟒
𝒙=
𝟐
−𝟏𝟎 ± 𝟖
𝒙=
𝟐
• Therefore, the solutions are; 𝒙=
−𝟏𝟎+𝟖
𝒙=
−𝟏𝟎−𝟖
𝟐 𝟐
−𝟐 −𝟏𝟖
𝒙= or -1 𝒙= or -9
𝟐 𝟐

SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF CAMARINES NORTE

Eco Athletic Field, F. Pimentel Ave., Daet, Camarines Norte 4600
camarines.norte@deped.gov.ph
DepEd Camarines Norte
7 | Mathematics 9_LAS_ Q1 W e e k 1

• Check the solutions obtained When x = -1

against the equation 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏𝟎𝒙 = −𝟗 (−𝟏)𝟐 + 𝟏𝟎(−𝟏) = −𝟗
𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏𝟎𝒙 = −𝟗 𝟏 − 𝟏𝟎 = −𝟗
−𝟗 = −𝟗
When x = -9
𝒙𝟐 + 𝟏𝟎𝒙 = −𝟗
(−𝟗)𝟐 + 𝟏𝟎(−𝟗) = −𝟗
𝟖𝟏 − 𝟗𝟎 = −𝟗
−𝟗 = −𝟗
• Both values of x satisfy the given The equation has two solutions:
equation. So, the equation 𝒙𝟐 + x = -1 or x = -9
𝟏𝟎𝒙 = −𝟗 is true when x = -1 or
when x = -9

Congratulations! Now that you have learned how quadratic equations

can be illustrated and you are able to solve quadratic equations by
extracting square roots, factoring, completing the square and using
quadratic formula. Let us do some learning activities.

B. PRACTICE EXERCISES
Activity 1. COMPLETE ME!
Direction: Tell whether the given is a quadratic equation or not. if it is
quadratic, write it in the form 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0.

Given Equation Quadratic Equation or NOT 𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙 + 𝒄 = 𝟎

Ex: 𝟑𝒙(𝒙 + 𝟏) = −𝟏𝟎 Quadratic Equation 3𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 10 = 0
1. 15 + 3𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 = 0
2. 𝑚(𝑚 − 5) − 2 = 0
3. 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 𝑥 2 = −1
4. 𝑎(𝑎 + 2) + 1 = 0
5. 4𝑥 + 4 = −𝑥 2

Activity 2. SHOW ME MORE!

a. Solve the following quadratic equations by extracting square roots.
1. 𝑥 2 = 81
2. 2𝑥 2 = 128
3. 𝑥 2 − 121 = 0
b. Solve the following quadratic equations by factoring.
1. 𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 = −12
2. 𝑡 2 + 12𝑡 = −36

c. Solve the following quadratic equations by completing the square.

1. 𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 = −9
2. 𝑎2 + 14𝑎 − 32 = 0
3. 𝑏2 − 8𝑏 + 7 = 0
d. Find the solutions of the following quadratic equations using quadratic formula.
1. 𝑥 2 − 12𝑥 + 35 = 0

SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF CAMARINES NORTE

Eco Athletic Field, F. Pimentel Ave., Daet, Camarines Norte 4600
camarines.norte@deped.gov.ph
DepEd Camarines Norte
8 | Mathematics 9_LAS_ Q1 W e e k 1

2. 𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 14 = 0

It’s been a great journey! You are done with different

activities in illustrating quadratic equations and solving quadratic
equations by extracting square roots, factoring, completing the
square and using quadratic formula. Please continue to learn
more about it. Congratulations!

After identifying the concepts learned, it’s now time to test your skills in
V. REFLECTION illustrating quadratic equations and solving quadratic equations by
extracting square roots, factoring, completing the square and using
quadratic formula.
Get ready to write and respond to complete your answer on the table below.

What did you learn?

Today, I learned about _____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________

ANSWER KEY:
Activity 1 – COMPLETE ME!
1. Quadratic Equation; 𝟑𝒙𝟐 + 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟏𝟎 = 𝟎 4. Quadratic Equation; 𝒂𝟐 + 𝟐𝒂 + 𝟏 = 𝟎
2. Quadratic Equation; 𝒎 − 𝟓𝒎 − 𝟐 = 𝟎
𝟐
5. Quadratic Equation; 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟒𝒙 + 𝟒 = 𝟎
3. NOT
Activity 2 – SHOW ME MORE!
a. 1. 𝒙 = 𝟗; 𝒙 = −𝟗 c. 1. 𝒙 = −𝟏; 𝒙 = −𝟗
2. 𝒙 = 𝟖; 𝒙 = −𝟖 2. 𝒙 = 𝟐; 𝒙 = −𝟏𝟔
3. 𝒙 = 𝟏𝟏; 𝒙 = −𝟏𝟏 3. 𝒙 = 𝟕; 𝒙 = 𝟏
b. 1. 𝒙 = 𝟒; 𝒙 = 𝟑 d. 1. 𝒙 = 𝟕; 𝒙 = 𝟓
2. 𝒙 = −𝟔; 𝒙 = −𝟔 2. 𝒙 = 𝟐, ; 𝒙 = −𝟕
V. Reflection
(Students’ answer may vary.)
VI. References:
✓ Mathematics 9 Learner’s Guide page 11- 47
✓ Self-learning Modules, Quarter 1, Week 1-5

CONGRATULATIONS for a job well done! You were able to master the
lesson in Illustrating quadratic equations and solving quadratic equations
by extracting the square roots, by factoring, by completing the square
and by using the quadratic formula. It means you can still do more. It is
so much fun, right? Keep going and happy learning! Keep safe!

QUARTER 1 MATHEMATICS LAS DEVELOPMENT TEAM

Writer/Illustrator/Lay-out Artist: ROBIN M. PADILLA - VJTNHS
Editor: MARIFE S. OSORIO
Reviewers: JOY G. CABRERA/MARCELINO A. ORTUA/AMY DUMAIL

SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE OF CAMARINES NORTE

Eco Athletic Field, F. Pimentel Ave., Daet, Camarines Norte 4600
camarines.norte@deped.gov.ph
DepEd Camarines Norte