Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
REGION V-BICOL
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF SORSOGON CITY
ABUYOG NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
EAST DISTRICT, SORSOGON CITY

WORKSHEET NO. 2 L 2
21ST Century Literature
NAME SECTION DATE
Pre-test
Match Column A with Column B. Draw a line from column A to Column B.
Regions Names
1 Cagayan Valley
2 Ilocos
3 CALABARZON
4 Central Luzon
5 Western Visayas
6 Bicol
7 Eastern Visayas
8 Central Visayas
9 Northern Mindanao
10 Zamboanga Peninsula
11 Socsargen
12 Davao
13 Caraga
I. INTRODUCTORY CONCEPT

A. REMEMBER:
Geographic dimension refers to the place where a piece of literature came from. For example, the classic
song Matud Nila came from the Visayas region.

The linguistic dimension of a piece of literature is somewhat related to its geographic origin. For example,
if a poem is written using the Visayan dialect, most probably, it originated from the Visayas region. Note though that a
particular region may have more than one dialect. Take as an example the Bikol dialect which may be classified into
Bikol Sorsogon, Bikol Albay, Bikol Camarines Sur, and other dialects in the Bicol Region.

Related to the geographic and linguistic dimensions of a piece of literature is its ethnic dimension which
refers to the racial or cultural beginning. An Ilocano poem that makes use of the Ilocano dialect may most probably
trace its origin to the Ilocano race and discusses things related to the Ilocano culture. We may, however, have pieces
of literature written in Ilocano which discuss things that are not Ilocano in ethnicity.

B. Analyzing a Text through Formalist Approach

The text itself provides different information about the literary piece, how the author describes the setting will
give us the geographical dimension of a literary text, the symbolism and theme provide us with knowledge on its
ethnic dimension; and finally, the author’s diction, use of imagery, figures of speech and symbol contribute to its
linguistic dimension. These dimensions can be analyzed through the lens of a formalist criticism.
Formalist Criticism
 ⇒ Formalist Critics (or New Critics) focus on the formal elements of a work - its language, structure, and tone;
they offer intense examinations of the relationship between form and meaning within a work, emphasizing
the subtle complexity of how a work is arranged.
⇒ i.e.: how such things as diction, irony, paradox, metaphor, symbolism, plot, characterization, rhyme, or
narrative technique develop the overall meaning of the piece.
⇒ A formalist reads literature as an independent work of art rather than as a reflection of the author’s state of
mind or as a representation of a moment in history. Such things as biography, history, politics, and
economics, for example, are considered far less important than the writing’s form. Words and images shape
the work itself.

Applying Formalism in Analyzing a Literary Text

o Step 1.The first step in the formalist approach is to read with an active and critical mind and paying attention
to the details of the poem.
o Step 2.Next carefully examine how it is written in narrative form, or in stanzas.
o Step 3. Note the word that appeals to the senses, more specifically look for images, similes, metaphors and
symbols used in the literary text.
o Step 4. Study who is narrating or telling what happens, who are the characters in the literary piece and
how are these characters revealed to the readers.
o Step 5. Finally, how these parts work together will tell you the theme and the message it conveys. It
answers the question about what it is about.
o A. PRACTICE TASKS
o Practice Task 1
o Directions: Study the information below and answer the questions that follow.

The Ivatan

Meaning: Ivatan is derived from Marunong ( Filipino) and Chapatak (Ivatan) which literally means “someone who knows”

Place of Origin :Batanes

Also known as : “Home of the Winds”
Topographic Description :Northernmost and the smallest province in the country.
It encompasses then chief islands and three of it are occupied.
Population :37.657
Religion : Today, the Ivatan are basically Catholic
Livelihood : farming, fishing
Famous For : Vakul and kinyaki (headdress), dakay (historical house)
Languages :Ivatan, Ilocano, Tagalog, English
Proverbs:
1. Ivatan: Ipangudidi mu u mapya nanawu 2. Ivatan: Matakaw ava dimu u kasulivan
English : Carry with you good teaching, English: Nobody can steal your knowledge
always bear in mind sound advice.
1. Choose one geographical information about the Ivatan that excites you to explore and explain your excitement.
Interesting Information:
Reason:
2 “Nobody can steal your knowledge”.
Express your idea in at least two sentences.

Practice Task 2

Read this Bicol Poem and be able to analyze by answering questions about it SGW

Ciudad nin Sorsogon

Sarong ciudad sa durho nin Luzon

May sadiring kultura, may sadiring tradisyun
Mga tawo digdi relihiyoso, mabuot nan mahihigos
Ini an ciudad nin Sorsogon.

Ako nagkaisip, nagdakula na sarong mamamanwa

Sa ciudad nin Sorsogon na sakong orgulyo asin padaba
Siya an nagpadangat sa akon pati na sakong pamilya
Ciudad nin Sorsogon matuninong, marahayun pa.

An saiyang dagat bastante sa buhay

An saiyang kabubuldan buhay an kinab-an
An saiyang tawo, higos an kakusgan
Ciudad nin Sorsogon dianis na istaran.

Di mawawara sa isip ko an naiambag niya

Sa pagkatawo ko, sa pagiging syudadano ko
Wara makapantay sa nahimo niya sa akon
Maski diin ako magduman, Cuidad ni Sorsogon.

Sakong bubweltahan, aambagan asin papadabaon

Iuurgulyo sa gabos na banwaan
Ikukurahaw ko “Cuida nin Sorsogon!”
Padangat kong namomot-an.
-rosamia-

And now answer the questions below based on the poem read.
1. Who is the speaker in the poem?
2. What are her thoughts of her Ciudad?
3. How did she describe Cuidad nin Sorsogon?
4. What is meant by the the 1st line and 2nd line of the 3rd stanza?
5. Based from the poem, what was the experience of the writer in Cuidad nin Sorsogon?
6. What is the message being conveyed by the poem?

Title of the Short Stories

Ludab Sa Ranow (One of the folk stories from Bicol)
Dakulang Sira Na Ataman Nin Diyosa (One of the folk stories from Bicol)
Pagtao (One of the folk stories from Bicol)
Step 1. Note some details about the short story that made an impact on you while reading it.
Step 2. What story can you depict from the character's conversation?
Step 3. List down images, simile, metaphors or symbolism used in the story that depict geographic, ethnic and
linguistic dimensions of the poem.
Step 4. Who are the characters mentioned in the short story? List down the words that reveal the character’s traits.
Step 5. What is the message being conveyed by the short story?

Now, that you’ve learned about Bicol literature, its richness as a culture, how will you apply it in yourself?
What is formalist approach? Explain When and how can you use the formalist approach in analyzing written text?

Assessment
1.Which of these features of a text would a Formalist NOT be interested in?
a. Structure c. Author’s biographical background
b. Context d. Meaning of words
2.Which of the following appeals to the senses?
a. Imagery b. Simile c. Symbolism d. All of the above
3. In analyzing how the poem started with a rhetorical question you are looking at what aspect of the literary
text?
a. Form b. Setting c. Structure d. Symbol
4.Why does a formalist focus on diction, irony, paradox and narrative techniques in obtaining the meaning of a
literary piece?
a. A formalist considers the history to obtain meaning
b. A formalist wants to examine how the work is arranged
c. A formalist looks at how words shape the meaning of a literary piece
d. A formalist believes that a literary piece is a reflection of the author’s mind
5. What is revealed when imagery, character and setting work together?
a. Form b. Structure c. Symbol d. Theme

REFLECTION/COMMENTS/SUGGESTIONS

What did you learn from this lesson?

What part of the lesson did you find difficult to understand?

PREPARED BY:

ROSALINDA L. LATO
Subject-teacher