Science 9 Module For Recertification

Pres. Quirino Treasured Child School, Inc.
Purok Capilar, Polacion, President Quirino, Sultan Kudarat, Philippines

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SUBJECT: SCIENCE GRADE LEVEL: NINE

QUARTER: ONE WEEK: ONE-TWO
I. OBJECTIVES. After going through this module, you are expected to;
a. explain how the respiratory and circulatory systems work together to transport nutrients,
gases and other molecules to and from the different parts of the body;
b. trace the flow of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood of pulmonary and systemic
circulation; and
c. infer how one’s lifestyle can affect the functioning of the respiratory and circulatory systems
II. PRE-ASSESSMENT
Do what the Fryer Model below is asking for.
Identify the organ Give three characteristics of this organ
Give a function of this organ What is not a function of this organ?
Activity 1.
Effect of Different Activities on Breathing and Heart Rate
Objective:
 Observe how the circulatory system and the respiratory system respond to changes in
body activities.
Materials
 Stopwatch Notebook writing pen/pencil
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Procedure
1. Work with your siblings or with people around your place consisting of 3 members. Each
member will take turn in doing the activity.
2. Every member will rest and relax for 5 minutes. Then record your pulse rate for 60 seconds
or one minute. Also count your breathing rate for 60 seconds or 1 minute.
3. Walk up and down the stairs for 5 minutes. Immediately get your pulse rate and breathing
rate. Take note of other physical changes you experience. Record your observation.
4. Rest for another 5 minutes. Then run for 5 minutes. Immediately get your pulse rate and
breathing rate. Take note of other changes that you experience. Record your observation.
Data and Results

1. Pulse rate and breathing rate
Activity Person 1 Person 2 Person 3 Average
ppm bpm ppm bpm ppm bpm ppm bpm
At rest
Up and down
the stairs
Running
Jumping
Legend: ppm = pulse per minute; bpm = beats per minute
2. Other physical changes observed:

Going up and down the stairs Running
3. How did your heart and the blood react to the different activities you have done?
4. How does the respiratory system react with the circulatory system in the different activities
you have done?
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III. DISCUSSION
The Respiratory system is composed of organs that help us breathe air in and out –
supplying oxygen and eliminating carbon dioxide gases. The air enters the nose (nostril),
nasal cavity (passageway) to make it warm, damp, and clean. The air moves to the
pharynx (throat), larynx (voice box), and
trachea (windpipe). The trachea conducts inhaled air into the lungs through the bronchi.
The bronchi are divide into bronchioles which are smaller tubes and finally to the alveoli
(air sacs)
Word Bank
1.alveoli 9.bronchi
bronchioles 10.diaphragm
2.epiglotti 6.larynx
s
8.lung 4.nasal cavity
5.nose 1.pharynx
e
3.sinuses 7.trachea
Figure 1. The human respiratory system
The Circulatory system, also known as cardiovascular/vascular system, transports

nutrients, respiratory gases, and metabolic products throughout a living organism which
permits integration among the various tissues. The circulation includes the intake and
delivery of metabolic materials throughout the organism, and the removal of harmful by-
products and return to the environment. It is made up of heart, blood, and blood vessels
(veins, arteries, and capillaries).
The Mechanics of Breathing

The breathing is a process that allows the movement of air in and out of the lungs.
Inhalation/Inspiration takes place when the air pressure within the alveolar spaces falls
below atmospheric pressure provided that the larynx is open. The exhalation/expiration
takes place when the air pressure within the alveoli exceeds atmospheric pressure. The
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airflow can be rapid or slow in proportion to the level of the pressure differences. Since
atmospheric pressure remains relatively constant, airflow is determined by how much
above or below atmospheric pressure the pressure within the lungs rises or falls.
Figure 2. Illustration of Mechanism of Breathing
Pathway of Air
Inhalation: nose → nasal cavity → pharynx → larynx → trachea → bronchi → bronchioles →
alveoli (oxygen in, carbon dioxide out)
Exhalation: alveoli → bronchioles → bronchi → trachea → larynx → pharynx
→ nasal cavity → nose
Blood Flow through the Heart
The human heart pumps blood to all parts of the body. The blood provides oxygen and
nutrients to the body and removes carbon dioxide and wastes. As blood flows through
the body, oxygen is used up making the blood oxygen poor or deoxygenated.
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The human heart is divided into 2 major chambers – the left and the right. The right
chamber receives oxygen-poor or deoxygenated blood and pumps it to the lungs. The left
chamber receives oxygen-rich or oxygenated blood and pumps it the other parts of the
body.
RA. Right Atrium SVC. Superior Vena Cava TV. Tricuspid Valve
RV. Right Ventricle IVC. Inferior Vena Cava MV. Mitral Valve
LA. Left Atrium MPA. Main Pulmonary Artery PV. Pulmonary Valve
LV. Left Ventricle Ao. Aorta AoV. Aortic Valve
Figure 3. Cross-Sectional Image of a Human Heart
Flow of Deoxygenated or Oxygen-Poor Blood
Other Parts of the Body → Vena Cava (Superior Vena Cava and Inferior Vena Cava) →
Right Atrium → Tricuspid Valve → Right Ventricle → Main Pulmonary Artery
→ Left and Right Pulmonary Artery → Lungs
Flow of Oxygenated or Oxygen-Rich Blood
Lungs → Left and Right Pulmonary Vein → Left Atrium → Mitral Valve → Left Ventricle →
Aortic Valve → Aorta → Other Parts of the Body
How do respiratory and circulatory systems work together?
Respiratory and circulatory systems work together to circulate the blood throughout the
body. Air moves to the lungs through the nose, nasal passages, pharynx, larynx, trachea,
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bronchi, and bronchioles. Oxygen diffuses to the bloodstream and transported to the left
chambers of the lungs through the pulmonary veins. The heart pumps the blood to other
parts of the body. As the oxygen diffuses to the cells, the cells use oxygen to breakdown
sugar to release energy. As a result, carbon dioxide gases are produced as waste
materials in the bloodstream. The carbon dioxide-rich blood is delivered to the right
portion of the heart through superior and inferior vena cava. The heart pumps the blood
to the lungs through the pulmonary artery. Carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood to the
alveoli and travels out of the body through bronchiole, bronchi, trachea, larynx, pharynx,
nasal cavity, and nose. These processes continue as we breathe air in and out, and as the
heart pumps blood. Without these coordinated functions of the respiratory and
circulatory system, humans will surely die.
Breathing is a vital function for human life to exist. It allows oxygen to enter the cells in
the body for metabolic processes. Cells deprived of oxygen for a long period affect vital
functions like the beating of the heart, sending electrical signals in the brain, or moving
of air in and out of the lungs.
Breathing is divided into inhalation or inspiration, and exhalation or expiration. According

to Alvarez et. al. (2014),
“When you breathe in or inhale, the diaphragm muscle contracts. Inhaling moves
the diaphragm down and expands the chest cavity. Simultaneously, the ribs move up
and increase the size of the chest cavity. There is now more space and less air
pressure in the lungs. The air pushes in from the outside where there is higher air
pressure. It pushes into the lungs where there is lower air pressure.”
“When you breathe out or exhale, the diaphragm muscle relaxes. The diaphragm
and ribs return to their original place. The chest cavity returns to its original size.
There is now less space and the greater air pressure inside the lungs. It pushes the air
outside where there is lower air pressure.”
Like the lungs of the respiratory system, the heart of the circulatory system also plays a
critical function in order to supply cells with oxygen and eliminate carbon dioxide. We
are now ready to move to another hands-on activity on how the blood flows in and out
of the heart.
The heart, a hollow muscular organ about the size of your fist, is located in the center of
your chest between the lungs. It serves as a pump to circulate the blood in the body. This
organ is a double pump that pumps on the left and right sides. Every side is divided into
two chambers, the atrium and the ventricle, each of which has a left and right portion,
totaling to four chambers altogether. The top chamber is atrium (plural: atria). The
bottom chamber is called the ventricle. The valve acts as a one-way door, allowing blood
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to flow either forward into the next chamber, or out of the heart. The left and right
chambers are separated by a wall of muscle called septum to prevent the mixing of the
oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the other parts of the body through
vena cava. The superior vena cava, a large vein, returns blood to the heart from the
head, neck, and both upper limbs while the inferior vena cava returns blood to the heart
from the lower part of the body. Deoxygenated blood moves from the right atrium to the
right ventricle through a tricuspid valve. The right ventricle pumps the blood to the main
pulmonary artery which connects to the lungs.
The left atrium receives the oxygenated blood from the lungs through the pulmonary
vein. The blood moves to the left ventricle through the mitral valve and to the aorta
through the aortic valve. The aorta is the main artery that transports blood away from
the heart.
Since we have learned the mechanisms of breathing and the blood flow to and away
from the heart, we will explore how they work together to transport nutrients, gases,
and other molecules.
Pulmonary circulation transports blood between the heart and the lungs. It transports
deoxygenated blood to the lungs to get rid of carbon dioxide and absorbs oxygen gas.
The oxygenated blood then flows back to the heart. Systemic circulation moves blood
between the heart and the rest of the body. It sends oxygen to the cells and removes
carbon dioxide. The deoxygenated blood return to the heart.
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Figure 6. Systemic and Pulmonary Circulations

https://difference.guru/difference-between-pulmonary-and-systemic-circulation/
Activity 2.
Trace the flow of air and blood within the body using crayons or colored pens.
1. Pathway of Air
a. Inhalation
b. Exhalation
2. Flow of Blood
a. Deoxygenated or Poor-Oxygen Blood
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b. Oxygenated or Rich-Oxygen Blood
IV.EVALUATION
A. Write a persuasive essay regarding with covid-19 pandemic.
“What will happen to the viruses if we inhale them? What shall we do then?”
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V. ASSIGNMENT
Give not less than 5 unhealthy habits that people should avoid that affects the
proper functioning of circulatory and respiratory system.
1.
2.
3.
4.
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5.
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Pres. Quirino Treasured Child School, Inc.

Purok Capilar, Polacion, President Quirino, Sultan Kudarat, Philippines

SUBJECT: SCIENCE GRADE LEVEL: NINE

Identify the organ Give three characteristics of this organ

Give a function of this organ What is not a function of this organ?

Data and Results

Legend: ppm = pulse per minute; bpm = beats per minute

2. Other physical changes observed:

Figure 1. The human respiratory system

The Circulatory system, also known as cardiovascular/vascular system, transports

The Mechanics of Breathing

Figure 2. Illustration of Mechanism of Breathing

Blood Flow through the Heart

Flow of Deoxygenated or Oxygen-Poor Blood

Flow of Oxygenated or Oxygen-Rich Blood

How do respiratory and circulatory systems work together?

Breathing is divided into inhalation or inspiration, and exhalation or expiration. According

Figure 6. Systemic and Pulmonary Circulations

b. Oxygenated or Rich-Oxygen Blood

A. Write a persuasive essay regarding with covid-19 pandemic.

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