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Chapter 01 Introduction
Chapter 01 Introduction
AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY
AND EQUIPMENT
by
Engr. Alexis T. Belonio
Department of Agricultural Engineering and
Environmental Management
College of Agriculture
Central Philippine University
Iloilo City
Introduction
Agricultural Machinery – It deals with the
study of application, use, and management of
various agricultural machines, tools, and
equipment used for production and post-
production operation.
Agricultural Mechanization - It is the
development, manufacture and extension of
appropriate agricultural tools, implements, and
machinery using animal, human, mechanical,
electrical, and other renewable sources of
energy for agricultural production and
development and post harvest operations.
Classifications of Agricultural
Machines
Agricultural Field Equipment
Agricultural Field Implement
Agricultural Tractors
Self-Propelled Machines
Farmstead Equipment
1. Agricultural Field Equipment – This are equipment
designed primarily for agricultural field operation. This
includes agricultural tractors, self-propelled machines,
implements, and their combinations.
(1) Agricultural Tractors – A traction machines designed
primarily to supply power to agricultural implements and
farmstead equipment. It propel itself and provide a force to
the direction of travel to enable attached soil engaging and
other agricultural implement to perform its intended function.
(2) Agricultural Implement - An implement that is designed to
perform agricultural operations. This are further classified
into: (a) towed, mounted, and semi-mounted implements.
(3) Self-Propelled Machines – An implement designed with
integral power unit to provide both mobility and power for
performing agricultural operations.
2. Farmstead Equipment – This are
equipment other than agricultural field
equipment used in agricultural operation for
the production of food and fiber. This includes
livestock equipment, waste handling system,
crop drying and milling systems, material
handling systems, and others.
Classifications According to
Operation
1. Tillage Equipment - This includes plow and harrow
used to prepare the land to make it ready for seeding
and planting operation.
2. Crop Establishment Equipment – This are
equipment used to place seeds or plant parts into the
prepared seedbed and subsequently fertilize them.
3. Crop Maintenance Equipment – This includes
cultivating. weeding, spraying, dusting, as well as
irrigation equipment aim to make sure that the crop
grows to produce its potential yield.
Row Planter
Broadcaster
Drum Seeder
Planters
Sugar Planter
Sprayers
Reaper-Windrower – A
harvesting machine used to cut
the standing crops and lay them
down on the field in an orderly
manners in a row.
A Reaper-Binders – A harvesting
machine use to both cut and
binds the crops and afterwards
lay the stalks bundles on the
ground
Stripper Harvester
It is a machine that
combines harvesting and
threshing into a single
operation. It differs with
the combine in that it
permits the removal of
grain directly from the
head or panicle without
cutting the stalks.
Combine
Harvesters
It is a self propelled
machine which harvest
and thresh the grain at
the same time to make
it ready for drying and
storage.
Check-Row or
Oriental-Type
Reel-Type or Western-
Type
Rice Threshers
A machine that separates
the rice grain from the
panicle.
Hold-on or Thrown-In
Peanut Sheller
Coffee Sheller
Grain Dryers
Machine used to reduce
the moisture of the
grain from a level that is
in equilibrium with the
atmosphere or at about
14%.
Flatbed Dryer
Re-circulating Dryer
Continuous Flow Dryer
In Storage Bin Dryer
Warehouse Dryer
Flash Dryer
Rice Mill
Machine that is used to convert
paddy into milled rice.
Single Pass Rice Mill and
Centrifugal Pump
Mixed-flow Pump
Lift Pump
Screw Pump
Size Reduction
Equipment
Machines use to reduce
the size of material in
granular or powdered
form either by cutting,
shearing, impact or their
combinations.
Hammer Mill
Burr Mill
Steel-Flueted Mill
Pulverizer
Biomass Shredder
Machine used to reduce
the size of fibrous
materials and shattered its
fiber through impact action
of the beaters or hammers.
Grain Storage
Equipment
Equipment used to
safely store the grain
immediately after
drying without
significant loss in their
quality.
Bin and Silos
Bucket elevator
Belt conveyor
Screw conveyors
etc
References
AMDP. 1987. Handbook on Agricultural
Mechanization in the Philippines. AMDP.
College of Engineering and Agro-Industrial
Technology. U.P. at Los Banos, College,
Laguna.
ASAE. ASAE Standards 1997. American
Society of Agricultural Engineers. 2960 Niles
RoadSt. Joseph, MI. USA.