Republic of the Philippines

BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY

Pablo Borbon Campus
Rizal Avenue, Batangas City

Lesson Plan in CALCULUS 1 WITH

ANALYTICAL GEOMETRY

Name of Presentor: PEREN, AIRA M.

Year/Section: SECOND YEAR/BSED-MATHEMATICS-2102

I. Objectives:
At the end of the discussion, the students should be able to
 identify the domain and range of a relation;
 identify the domain and range of a function;
 determine how to find the domain and range of a function using graph.
 determine the domain and range of rational function, exponential function and inverse function.

II. Content : DOMAIN AND RANGE

III. Learning Resources
A. References:
 https://content.nroc.org/Algebra.HTML5/U03L2T2/TopicText/en/textbook.html
 https://math.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Algebra/Map%3A_College_Algebra_(OpenStax)/03%3A_Functions/
3.03%3A_Domain_and_Range

B. Instructional Materials:
Laptop, View Board
IV. PROCEDURE PRESENTOR’S ACTIVITY STUDENT’S ACTIVITY
A. PRELIMINARY 1. Prayer
2. Greetings
B. REVIEW Being a second year college student, I know
you have background knowledge about
the relation and function right?

What is relation? (student’s should answer)

The relation shows the
relationship between INPUT
and OUTPUT.

(students should answer)

A function is a relation which
What is function? derives one OUTPUT for
each given INPUT.

(students should answer)

Relations and functions are
What are the difference between a relation quite closely related to one
and a function? another. A collection of
ordered pairs from one set of
objects to another set of
objects is a
relation, whereas a relation
that connects one set of
inputs to another set of
outputs is a
function.
NOTE that all functions is a relation, but not
all relation are function.

Now that you know about relation and

function, we will be discussing about the
domain and range of a relation and
function.
C. PRESENTATION Now, I have here sets of function
and relation, all you need to do is to tell
me what is the domain and range of its
given function and relation.
 1. Consider the relation (student’s should answer)
0,7 , 0,8 , 1,7 , 1,8 , 1,9 , 2,10 . 1. Here, the relation
is given as a set
of ordered
Note that the domain elements 0 and 1 pairs. The domain is the
are
associated with more than one range set of x-
elements, so this is not a function. coordinates, 0,1,2 , and
the range is the set of y
-
coordinates, 7,8,9,10 .

2. Find the domain and range of the 2. Domain of (f) is (-3, 1].
function (f) whose graph is given.
Range of (f) is [0, -4).

We can observe that the horizontal extent

of
the graph is –3 to 1, so the domain of f is (-
3,
1].

The vertical extent of the graph is 0 to –4,

so
the range is [0, -4).

3. Find the domain and range of the 3. Domain: −1 < � < 1

function (f) whose graph is given. Range: 0 ≤ � < 1

The following notation shows that the

domain of the function is restricted to the
interval −1,1 .
� � = �2 , − 1 < � < 1
The graph of this function is as shown. Note
the open circles, which show that the
function
is not defined at� =− 1 and � = 1. The
y-
values range from 0 up to 1 (including 0,
but
not including 1 ). So the range of the
function
is 0 ≤ � < 1.
D. DISCUSSION DISCUSSION
The domain of a function or relation is the
set of all possible independent values the
relation can take. It is the collection of all
possible inputs.
While, the range of a function or relation is
the set of all possible dependent values
the relation can produce from the domain
values. It is the collection of all possible
outputs.

Now let’s look at the example of domain

and range. Here’s a series of figures each
made of groups of squares.
Domain: 1,2,3
Range: 1,5,9

DOMAIN AND RANGE: TABLES AND

SETS OF ORDERED PAIRS
Relations can also be shown as tables or
as sets of ordered pairs. Finding the domain
and range in these situations is simple, as
long as we remember what the terms
mean. If a mathematical relationship is
given in a table, the independent values,
generally listed in the left-hand column,
are the domain, and the dependent
values, usually found in the right-hand
column, make up the range.
INDEPENDENT DEPENDENT
VALUES VALUES
-2 0
0 6
2 12
4 18

Domain: −2, 0, 2, 4
Range: 0, 6, 12, 18

DOMAIN AND RANGE: GRAPHS

We may also encounter functions and
relations on graphs. The independent
quantity is usually graphed on the
horizontal
(x) axis—that means the x-coordinates of
the points are the domain. Since the
dependent quantity is usually graphed on
the vertical
(y) axis, the y-coordinates make up
the range.

Domain: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Range: 3, 4, 5,

DOMAIN AND RANGE OF RATIONAL

FUNCTION
A rational function is a function of the
form � � = �(�)
�(�)
where �(�) and � � are
polynomials and�(�) ≠ 0.
The domain of a rational function consists of
all the real numbers x except those for which
the denominator is 0. To find these x values
to be excluded from the domain of a
rational function, equate the denominator
to zero and solve for x.

Example:
� � = 2
�+1
Domain: x|x ∈ ℝ, x ≠− 1
 Range: y|y ∈ ℝ, y ≠ 0

DOMAIN AND RANGE OF EXPONENTIAL

FUNCTION
Let � � = � ∙ �� � + ℎ be an exponential
function where � � is linear.

Domain of the function is ℝ

Range of the function = ℎ,∞
ℎ,−∞
�� � > � , (�� � < 0)

Example:
� � = 3�
Domain: x|x ∈ ℝ
Range: y|y ∈> 0

DOMAIN AND RANGE OF INVERSE FUNCTION

The outputs of the function � are the inputs to
�−1 . Likewise, because the inputs to � are
the outputs of �−1 , the domain of � is the
range of �−1.
This means that the domain of the inverse
is the range of the original function and
that the range of the inverse is the domain
of the original function.

The domain of the original function is

2, 3, 5, 10 and the range is 6, 8, 12, 21 .
Therefore the domain of the inverse
function will be 6, 8, 12, 21 and the range
is
2, 3, 5, 10 .

Properties of an Inverse Function

 �−1 is a one to one function. � is
also one to one.
 Domain of �−1 = Range of �.
 Domain of � = Range of �−1.

Example:
�+2
�−1 � = 3
Domain: x|x ∈ ℝ
Range: y|y ∈ ℝ

Some restrictions to consider when finding

the domain and range of some functions
that involves the following:

 Radicals with even indices –

radicands must be non-negative (i.e.
radicand is greater than or equal to
zero).
 Fractions: Denominators must not
be equal to zero.

Example:
3� − � = 4
Domain: x|x ∈ ℝ
Range: y|y ∈ ℝ

� = �2 − 4
Domain: x|x ∈ ℝ
Range: y|y ≥− 4
E. APPLICATION I have here sets of questions to test what you
AND EVALUATION understand about the domain and range of
a function and relation. I will give you 5
minutes to analyze and answer those
questions. After answering the given
question, we will discuss it and analyze it.
(students should answer)
1.

Domain: −∞, ∞
Range: −4, ∞

2.

Domain: −1 ≤ � ≤ 3
Range: 0 ≤ � ≤ 2

3. Find the domain and range of � �

= 3� + 12 and its inverse.

Inverse:
� − 12
�−1 � = 3
Domain: x|x ∈ ℝ
Range: y|y ∈ ℝ

4. Find the domain and range of � �

= 4�+1 − 2.

Domain: x|x ∈ ℝ
Range: y|y >− 2

5. Find the domain and range of

��=1 .
�−2

Domain: x ∈ ℝ| x ≠ 2
Range: y ∈ ℝ| y ≠ 0

(After the discussion of the correct answer)

That’s all. I hope you learned and

understand what is the domain and range
of a function, as well as finding the
domain and range of a
function using the graph. Thankyou.