Lesson Plan

Name of School: St Francis’ High School

Name of Teacher: Miss L. Dlamini
Subject: Geography
Topic: The Hydrological Cycle
Sub-topic: Stages of the hydrological cycle
Class: Form 4A
Date: 25 March 2022
Day: Friday
Time: 10: 00 – 10: 30 AM
Duration: 30 minutes
Number of Learners: 36
Age Average: 13+
Abilities: Mixed
Gender: Mixed
Lesson Aim: To help learners to develop an understanding of the five main stages of the
hydrological cycle.
Lesson Objective (s): By the end of the lesson all learners should be able to:
a) Define the hydrological cycle
b) Outline the different stages in the hydrological cycle
c) Describe the physical and economic factors that influence the locations of urban
settlements.
d) Describe the structure of urban settlement (urban morphology).
e) Describe the problems experienced in urban settlements
f) Suggest the solutions to urban problems.

Teaching Methods: i. Teacher exposition

ii. Question and answer
iii. Demonstration
Teaching Resources: Oxford Modern Geography: Physical and Human Book 1: Nsusha, S.,
Sihlongonyane, L., & Dlamini, B. (2012), Page 109- 116.

Teaching Aids: i) A Chart

Lesson Presentation

Stages Time Estimate Teacher’s activity Learners’ activity

Introduction 5 minutes The teacher will Learners will respond to
introduce the lesson the teacher.
by asking the learners Expected response
to define a It is a settlement in the
hydrological cycle. city.

The teacher will then Urban settlement is an

explain how to draw area with a high
the hydrological cycle population density and
using the learners’ large size, where the
responses. people are occupied in
non-agricultural
activities.

Learners will respond to

The teacher will the teacher.
move on and ask
learners to list the Expected responses
different stages that 1. Industrial
are found in the cycle 2. Administrative
carried out in urban 3. Residential
settlements. 4. Educational
 5. Commercial
Presentation 15 minutes The teacher will ask Learners will respond to
the learners to the teacher.
Step 1 describe the physical Expected responses
and economic factors
that influence the Physical factors
locations of urban
settlements. 1. Reliable water
supply for dinking
and power.

2. Access to natural
resources such as
oil.
Economic factors

1. Nearby markets
for trade.

2. Ports for
importing and
exporting goods.

3. Access to
transport routes
for easy
transportation of
goods to other
settlements.
The teacher will
move on and describe Learners will listen to the
the structure of urban teacher and write down
 settlement (urban short notes.
morphology) using a
chart.
Step 2 7 minutes The teacher will ask Learners will respond to
the learners to the teacher.
describe the problems
experienced in urban Expected responses
settlements. a) Traffic congestion
b) Pollution
c) Informal
settlements
d) Easy spread of
diseases

The teacher will also

Learners will listen to the
describe these
teacher.
problems using the
learners’ responses.

The teacher will then Learners will respond to

ask the learners to the teacher.
suggest the solutions
to urban problems. Expected responses

Traffic congestion
a) Encourage the use
of public
transport.
b) Improve the
roads.
Pollution
Move industrial roads
 zones to the outskirts of
urban settlement.

Informal settlements
Build houses to
accommodate the
informal settlers

Easy spread of diseases

a) Extend basic
facilities
b) Establish mobile
health services.
Conclusion 3 minutes The teacher will Learners will listen to the
summarize the lesson. teacher.

The teacher will then Learners will write their

ask the learners to do homework.
activity 4 on page 124
as homework.
Expected responses
Questions
1. Name three 1. Educational,

main administrative and

functions of residential.

the urban
settlement.
2. The zone is at the
2. Describe the
centre of the city.
features of
The land is
CBD.
usually expensive
to buy or rent. It
 contains many of
the city’s business
and commercial
services.

3. Pollution, traffic
3. What are the
congestion,
most pressing
informal
challenges
settlements.
facing urban
settlements.

Lesson Evaluation:
Teacher Evaluation: