CE 252 Fluid Mechanics

Fall Semester, 2022

Naqibullah Sediqi
Sediqi.naqib2020@gmail.com

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 CE 252 Fluid Mechanics

September 2022 (class 11)

Agenda/Topics:
• Bernoulli Equation

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 Bernoulli Equation
For steady flows each particle slides along its path, and its velocity vector is everywhere
tangent to the path.

The lines that are tangent

to the velocity vectors
throughout the flow field
are called streamlines.

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Bernoulli Equation
Fluid particles accelerate normal to and along streamlines.

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3.2 F = ma along a Streamline

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 Cont’d…

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 Cont’d…
P is called the static pressure
𝑉2
𝜌 is called the dynamic pressure
2

𝛾 ∗ 𝑧 is called the hydrostatic pressure

𝑉2
𝑃+ 𝜌 is called the stagnation pressure
2

A stagnation point in a flow field is where the velocity is zero or V=0

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 Cont’d…
Divide equation 3.7 by 𝛾
𝑃 𝑉2
+ + 𝑍 = 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡 [m]
𝛾 2𝑔

Head form of the Bernoulli

𝑃
≡ 𝑝𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑠𝑢𝑟𝑒 ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑑
𝛾

𝑉2
≡ 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑑
2𝑔

𝑍 ≡ 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑑

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 Cont’d…
1) viscous effects are assumed negligible,
2) the flow is assumed to be steady,
3) the flow is assumed to be incompressible, and
4) the equation is applicable along a streamline.

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Example, Problem 3.37 of the
book
An inviscid, incompressible liquid flows steadily
from the large pressurized tank shown in Fig.
P.3.37. The velocity at the exit is 40ft/s. Determine
the specific gravity of the liquid in the tank.

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 Example
What is the exit velocity of fuel?

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 Thanks!

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