Name: Ratac, Mary Rose Anne G.

Date: October 26, 2022

Class Code: 1064

Official Acids Chemical Formula Synonym Use Caution

1. Boric Acid H3BO3 Orthoboric Acid Boric acid is used as -Boric acid is a
a fireproofing agent dangerous
for wood, as a poison.
preservative, and as -In the form of
an antiseptic. borax, it can be
corrosive to the
eye. Borax can
also be irritating
to the skin.

2. Hydrochloric Acid HCl Muriatic Acid Commonly used for -Hydrochloric

the neutralization of acid is corrosive
alkaline agents, as a to the eyes, skin,
bleaching agent, in and mucous
food, textile, metal, membranes.
and rubber industries. -It can cause
chemical burns
that can be
severe.

3. Nitric Acid HNO3 Aqua fortis Used in the -Exposure to

production of nitric acid can
ammonium nitrate for cause irritation
fertilizers, making to the eyes, skin,
plastics, and in the and mucous
manufacture of dyes. membrane.
-Nitric acid is
highly corrosive.

4. Phosphoric Acid H3PO4 Orthophosphoric Acid A component of -Breathing

fertilizers (80% of Phosphoric Acid
total use), detergents, can irritate the
and many household nose, throat and
cleaning products. lungs causing
coughing and
wheezing.
-Phosphoric
Acid is a
corrosive
chemical and
contact can
irritate and
burn the eyes.
5. Sulfuric Acid H2SO4 Oil of vitriol It is used in the -Can irritate
(Non-official) manufacture of and burn the
fertilizers, pigments, skin and eyes,
dyes, drugs, and may lead to
explosives, blindness.
detergents, and - Exposures may
inorganic salts and cause a build-up
acids, as well as in of fluid in the
petroleum refining lungs
and metallurgical (pulmonary
processes. edema), a
medical
emergency.

Official Inorganic Chemical Formula Synonym Use Caution

Base
6. Strong Ammonia NH3 Ammonium Ammonia is used as -High levels of
Solution Hydroxide a refrigerant gas, for ammonia can irritate
purification of water and burn the skin,
supplies, and in the mouth, throat, lungs,
manufacture of and eyes.
plastics, explosives, - Ammonia is highly
textiles, pesticides, toxic.
dyes and other
chemicals.
7. Calcium Ca(OH)2 Hydrated It is used in - It can cause chronic
Hydroxide Lime/Slaked industrial settings, skin dermatitis,
Lime such as sewage desquamation,
treatment, paper vesiculation, and
production, ulceration, as well as
construction, and coughing, fluid in the
food processing. It lungs, and difficult
also has medical breathing.
and dental uses. For - If calcium hydroxide
example, root canal gets into the lungs
fillings often (aspiration), serious
contain calcium and possibly
hydroxide. permanent lung
damage can occur.
8. Potassium KOH Caustic Potash -Potassium -Inhaling Potassium
Hydroxide hydroxide is also Hydroxide can irritate
used in making the lungs.
soap, as an - Contact can severely
electrolyte in irritate and burn the
alkaline batteries skin and eyes leading
and in to eye damage.
electroplating,
lithography, and
paint and varnish
removers.
9. Sodium Na2CO3 Washing Soda It is often used in - Sodium carbonate is
Carbonate exfoliants, only slightly toxic, but
toothpaste, bath oils large doses may be
 and salts, bubble corrosive to the
bath, moisturizers, gastro-intestinal tract
and other products. - Excessive contact
may cause irritation
with blistering and
redness.
10. Sodium NaOH Caustic It is used in - It can hurt you if it
Hydroxide Soda/soda lye processing cotton touches your skin, if
fabric, laundering you drink it or if you
and bleaching, breathe it.
metal cleaning and - Eating or drinking
processing, oxide sodium hydroxide can
coating, cause severe burns
electroplating, and and immediate
electrolytic vomiting, nausea,
extracting. diarrhea or chest and
stomach pain, as well
as swallowing
difficulties.
11. Soda Lime CaHNaO2 Soda Lime- It is used in - Irritating to
Silicate laboratories as a respiratory system.
drying agent. Soda - May cause burns to
lime is used to mouth, throat and
absorb carbon stomach.
dioxide in basal
metabolism tests
and in rebreathing
anesthesia systems.

Official H2O & other solvents Description Application

Purified water
Water for Injection (WFI)
Water for hemodialysis
Purified water is water that's been
mechanically filtered or processed
to remove chemicals and
impurities.
WFI is a form of sterile water used
to deliver medications or drugs to
patients intravenously. In addition
to making solutions, it also is used
as a cleaning agent. Because of its
extensively purified nature, it is
utilized to cleanse anything that
will come into contact with the
drug. This includes any vials, caps,
stoppers, ampules and especially
the equipment used to process and
store the pharmaceuticals.
The product water is the ultra-pure
water which enters the
hemodialysis machine and is used
to mix the dialysate for dialysis
treatment. The reject water contains
the bacteria that was cleaned out of
the water and is sent down the drain
and discarded.
Purified water is most commonly used
as a diluent in the production of non-
sterile products for injection, infusion
or implantation, cleaning equipment,
and cleaning non-sterile product-
contact components.
WFI is most often used as an excipient
in the production of sterile products
and other preparations when endotoxin
content must be controlled. Examples
are pharmaceutical applications such as
cleaning of certain equipment and
sterile product-contact components.
This type of water is specifically for
hemodialysis applications and
primarily for the dilution of
hemodialysis concentrate solutions.
Water for hemodialysis is typically
produced and used on site as bulk
water. This water contains no added
antimicrobials and is not intended for
injection.
Sterile purified water
Sterile water for injection
Sterile water for irrigation
Sterile water for inhalation
Bacteriostatic water for injection
TYPE
Type I
Borosilicate glass
Type II
Treated Soda Lime Glass
Type III
Soda Lime Glass
Sterile Purified Water is Purified
Water sterilized and suitably
packaged. It contains no
antimicrobial agent.
Sterile Water for Injection, USP, is
sterile, nonpyrogenic, distilled
water in a single dose container for
intravenous administration after
addition of a suitable solute. It may
also be used as a dispensing
container for diluent use. No
antimicrobial or other substance has
been added. The pH is 5.5 (5.0 to
7.0).
Sterile Water for Irrigation contains
water that is sterilized and
packaged for use as an irrigant. No
antimicrobial agent or other
substance has been added. Sterile
Water for Irrigation is hypotonic
with an osmolarity of zero
mOsmol/L.
Sterile Water for Inhalation is
prepared from Water for Injection
that is sterilized and suitably
packaged. It contains no
antimicrobial agents, except where
used in humidifiers or other similar
devices and where liable to
contamination over a period of
time, or other added substances.
This water is sterile WFI to which
one or more suitable antimicrobial
preservatives have been added.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
Also known as "neutral," type 1 is
a borosilicate glass with good
chemical resistance. It is used for
pharmaceuticals requiring the least
reactive containers.
Type II glass is a form of soda-
lime glass, also called soda-lime-
silica glass, by far the most
common kind produced
industrially.
Type III soda-lime glass is a silica
glass containing alkali metal
oxides. Soda-lime glass exhibits
It is used for preparation of sterile
products or in analytical applications
requiring purified water when access to
a validated system is not practical and
only a small quantity is needed. It is
also used when bulk packaged purified
water is not suitably microbiologically
controlled.
This water is for the processing of
sterile products intended to be used
intravenously. Additionally, it is used
for other applications where bulk WFI
or purified water is indicated but access
to a validated water system is either not
practical or only a relatively small
quantity is needed. Sterile WFI is
typically packaged in single-dose
containers that are typically less than 1
L in size.
This water is commonly used when
sterile water is required, but when the
application does not have particulate
matter specifications. Sterile water for
irrigation is often packaged in
containers that are typically greater
than 1 L in size.
This water is usually intended for use
with inhalators and in preparation of
inhalation solutions. It carries a less
stringent specification for bacterial
endotoxins than sterile WFI and,
therefore, is not suitable for parenteral
applications.
This water is typically intended for use
as a diluent in the preparation of sterile
products, mostly for multi-dose
products that require repeated content
withdrawals, such as liquid
pharmaceuticals. It may be packaged in
single-dose or multiple-dose
containers, usually less than 30 mL.
TEST
Powdered glass test
Surface Glass Test
Powdered Glass Test

NP (Type IV)
General Purpose Soda Lime Glass
moderate chemical resistance and
moderate hydrolytic (water)
resistance. Soda-lime glass is
inexpensive, chemically stable,
and ideal for recycling as the glass
can be re-melted and re-formed
multiple times.
Type IV (NP) general purpose Glass Grains Test
soda-lime glass is non-parenteral
glass. Type NP general purpose
soda-lime glass is only used for
oral and topical purposes.