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PASSI CITY COLLEGE
City of Passi, Iloilo

SCHOOL OF HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT
@ PASSI CITY COLLEGE-Future TOURISM PROFESSIONALS with P.R.I.D.Eare produced.
P-Professionalism R-Respect I-Industry D-Discipline E-Excellence
(THC1) MICRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND

NOTES TO THE STUDENTS
HOSPITALITY
Prepared by: EDILYN P. PADERAN – PCC SOHM Part-Time Instructor
1|Page EDILYN PADERAN, Subject Instructor

THC1 Module 3
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PASSI CITY COLLEGE
MODULE 3
This module is a part of series of Modules for flexible learning spearheaded by the Office if the Dean of Instruction and
School of Hospitality Management, Passi City College. Meant for the course THC1(MICRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM
AND HOSPITALITY).
This Module, designed to be a holistic approach to Tourism and Hospitality, is a tool for understanding its ecosystem
that goes beyond its concept. It introduces the concept and tourism and hospitality industry knowledge and skills.
This Module 3 consist of the following Topics:
Accommodation
Food and Beverages Sector
COURSE DESCRIPTION

This course will cover the workings,operations and the integrative activities of major stakeholders in Tourism and
Hospitality Industry. The student will also gain knowledge on managing and marketing a service-oriented business
organization. Apart from the scope and structure of travel organizations,it provides an in-depth study of the nature and
distinctive characteristics of each sector of the entire tourim industry.
Upon successful completion of this course, the student should be able to:
1. Define the hotel terminology.

2. Describe the different Types of accommodations.
3. Trace the history of the food and beverage industry.
4. Describe the different types of restaurants.
ACCOMMODATIONS

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History of the Accommodations or Lodging Industry

The Lodging industry developed because of the need to provide accommodations for travelers. Early roadside inns
were mentioned in several instances in both the Old and New Testaments. The early reference to the inn is found in
the Bible, when Joseph Christ’s foster father, was told ,”There is no mom at the inn”. Excavations in Pompeii reveal
that the Romans had developed the concept of inns into a trade.
The history of the hotel in its present form goes back to the Middle Ages. In the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries.
German and English literature . made frequent reference to the inn. The development of the inn in the travel in the
late medieval period was due to the improvements in security in many European Societies. It had become safe to
travel.
Types of Accommodations
 HOTEL
Types of
Accommodation
Accommodation can
be classified into various types; the
most popular of which are the
following:
1. Hotels
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Hotels can be a 10-room boarding

house or a building that has a thousand
or more rooms, convention
and meeting facilities, recreation
facilities such as swimming pools
and tennis courts, 24-hour room
service, with several restaurants and
bars and various types of
entertainment. Hotels have been
designed and built to meet almost any
kind of budget or comfort level that the
traveling public might
want.
2. Motels or Motor Hotels
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Normally, motels only offer rooms

only and free parking to guests. These
are often found along busy
highways and cater primarily to
transient and cost-conscious travelers.
3. Resort Hotels
Resort hotels are intended for
vacation travelers. These hotels range
from budget to luxury and can
accommodate these travelers and even
convention delegates. These are
usually located near beaches
and offer more amenities, shops, and
recreation opportunities.
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Accommodation can be classified into

various types; the most popular of
which are the following:
1. Hotels

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want.
3. Resort Hotels
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A hotel is an establishment providing paid accommodation. Hotels used to offer basic accommodation in the
past, but nowadays they mostly provide rooms with modern facilities, en-suite bathrooms, air-conditioning, a
telephone, a TV set, an Internet connection; a mini-bar including a small refrigerator with drinks and snacks;
often there is a facility for making hot drinks in the room (an electric kettle, cups, spoons, instant coffee and tea
bags, sugar, milk). Hotels usually have at least one restaurant and a swimming pool and they provide childcare
and conference services.
Types of Accommodation
1. Hotels

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want.
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3. Resort Hotels
10 | P a g e EDILYN PADERAN, Subject Instructor
THC1 Module 3
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1. Hotels

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want.
3. Resort Hotels
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Tourist inns are lodging
establishments that cater to
transients. These do not normally
meet the
minimum requirements of an economy
hotel.
10. Apartment-Hotels (Apartels)

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Apartment-hotels are buildings

which contain several independent
and furnished or semi-furnished
apartments. These are leased to tourists
and travelers on a long-term basis and
offer basic services to
its tenant, similar to hotels.
1
The quality of the hotel and its services is usually marked by stars according to the five stars classification.
There have been attempts at unifying the classification system to become a reliable standard, but still large
differences exist in the quality of accommodation, food and service. Most countries have an official body to set
criteria for classifying hotels; unfortunately, to some degree, the criteria differ from one country to another.
Generally, hotels without a restaurant are named »garni hotels«.
The general five star classification system for hotels determines the following objective criteria, satisfactory
cleaning and maintenance being a basic requirement for all five categories:

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Tourist inns are lodging

establishments that cater to transients.
These do not normally meet the
minimum requirements of an economy
hotel.
10. Apartment-Hotels (Apartels)
Apartment-hotels are buildings which
contain several independent and
furnished or semi-furnished
apartments. These are leased to tourists
and travelers on a long-term basis and
offer basic services to
its tenant, similar to hotels.
1
*One star hotels – (tourist hotels - low budget hotels)

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Hotels are mostly small and privately owned, services may be provided by the owner and the family. Meals
may be fairly simple. Rooms are small (single 8m2 , double 12 m2 ). All rooms have a shower and a toilet in
the room (German standard). / Some rooms may not have en suite bathrooms. All rooms have a hand-basin
with hot and cold running water (English, Danish standard) and heating. Telephone is available. Breakfast is
available. Drinks are offered. Guests can enter or leave any time of the day or night.
** Two star hotels – (standard hotels - budget hotels)
Hotels are small to medium sized (single rooms 12 m2 , double 16 m2 ). They are well equipped, offering
comfortable accommodation with en-suite bath/shower rooms. Reception staff is professional, food and drinks
are offered. (German standards require buffet breakfast). Cashless payment is possible.
*** Three star hotels – (middle class hotels – comfort hotels)
Usually hotels of a size to support higher staffing levels (single rooms 14 m2 and double 18 m2 ). They have
spacious reception with seats and other public rooms. Their employees speak at least one foreign language.
Their restaurants normally also cater for non-residents. All rooms have en suite bath and shower rooms with
toiletries and good equipment, such as a TV set, a hair dryer, direct dial telephone. They usually offer room
service and some business services. If the hotel has more than two floors, it has a lift. Access to the net is
available. Credit cards are accepted.
**** Four-star hotels – (first class hotels)
They maintain a high quality of furnishings, decorations and equipment. Bedrooms are spacious (single 16
m2 , double 22 m2 ) and well designed, with en-suite bathrooms with a bath and shower. There is enough staff
to provide all necessary service; there is a 24-hour room service, laundry and dry-cleaning; a lobby, an a la
carte restaurant and a bar. All rooms are equipped with mini-bars and access to internet. There are armchairs
or couches in the room. Shoe polish implements can be expected in the rooms.
***** Five-star hotels – (luxury hotels)
Accommodation is spacious (single 18 m2 , double 26 m2 ) and luxurious, matching the best international
standards. There are safe-boxes, access to internet and air conditioning in every room. Personalized guest
welcome with flowers/sweets can be expected. Suites are available. The hotels have special interior design
and elegant furnishings. Service is formal and flawless, roundthe-clock rooms service is available. These
hotels have a lift if there is more than one floor. Their restaurants offer high quality cuisine. The staff is very
efficient, courteuous and helpful. An indoor swimming pool is available, as well as porter service, laundry, dry-
cleaning, ironing and sale of gifts.
Types of Accommodation

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1. Hotels

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want.
3. Resort Hotels
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Three basic kinds of hotels are:
- commercial hotels – for business travellers and people on short trips; they often have large meeting rooms
and catering for different events;
- resort hotels – for tourists and holiday-makers; they often offer sports and sightseeing; most of them are
seasonal (mountain resorts, seaside resorts);
- residential hotels – guests can rent rooms for long periods of time; they are a lot like appartment houses,
but they laso provide meals and other hotel services.
 A motel- The word is an abbreviation of motor

– hotel and the concept originates from the USA.
Motels differ from hotels in their location: they are
mostly situated along highways. Usually they are
in a shape of connected rooms with their doors
facing the parking lot. Sometimes they are a
series of small cabins with a common parking.
They have small reception rooms and not much
attention is paid to the interior of the buildings.
Some motels also have restaurants and dining
rooms or even swimming pools.

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 A youth hostel- This is a kind of cheap accommodation for travellers. Guests can rent a bed or a
bunk bed in a dormitory and share a bathroom, a lounge and possibly a kitchen. Private rooms are
often available. Besides being cheaper, hostels are also less formal than hotels. There is a lot of
opportunity to socialize. But they offer less privacy than hotels, there might be disturbances caused by
individual guests. Regadless of their name the hostels are no more intended for young travellers only.
Hostels mostly provide breakfast, some also offer other meals. Many have shops where guests can buy
food.
 A campsite-A campsite is a place used for

overnight stay outdoors. The campsite can be:
 a) an incidentally chosen place (where backpackers or

hikers decide to stop and stay overnight), or
 b) an area equipped for camping, with various facilities;

it is usually called a campground.
Campgrounds charge a user fee. They might have a
few or many fiacilities, including the following: -
fireplaces to build campfires (holes, enclosures, concrete spots);
1. pit toilets/flush toilets
2. bathrooms with showers and sinks
3. road access for vehicles
4. piped potable water
5. picnic tables
6. utility hookups (gas, water, electricity, sewer)
7. a small convenience store
8. wood for cooking and campfires
9. gravel or concrete parking pads
10. garbage cans
Most campgrounds also have a set of rules concerning noise and behaviour of campers. Camping
outside designated campsites is often forbidden.

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 An inn-An inn is an establishment which offers travellers

food, drink and lodging. Inns were first established in the
Roman times when a lot of roads were built. At the time inns
were also community gathering places. Nowadays, they have
lost their leading role in tourism, as there are numerous hotels,
restaurants and pubs. Many hotels or bars use the word »inn«
in their names (Holiday Inn). The difference among inns, pubs
and taverns is becoming less noticeable. In Europe inns still
provide lodgings,whereas the rest of the facilities stated
 A guest house- A guest house is

a private house converted into a
lodging facility for tourists. Bed and
breakfast are usually offered at guest
houses, the owner and his family often
live in another building in the vicinity
Food and Beverage Sector
“Food & beverage” is a general term used in

hospitality which usually represents the required
food and beverage items in events, banquets or
outside catering services. The food and beverage
department within a hotel consists of various units
and huge quantity of staff in order to cater the
needs of customers inside or outside the hotel.
Generally speaking, the provision of food and
beverage services are not only limited to
restaurants and bars operating inside a hotel
property. In fact, it also involves other functional
units.

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PASSI CITY COLLEGE
Related food and beverage departments and aspects in a hotel:

 Kitchens
 Restaurants
 Catering (internal and external)
 Banqueting (internal and external)
 Room Service (In-room dining)
 Minibars
 Lounge bars
 Stewarding
 Staff Canteen
In the foodservice industry sectors. There are many types of food and beverage operations are
performed. They may vary in size, style, location, and the market they are catering to.
From a wayside tea stall to an exclusive fine dining restaurant of a deluxe hotel, and from
midday meal services for school children to meals for industrial workers, all come under the
fold of the F&B sector.
SECTORS OF THE FOOD SERVICE INDUSTRY

These are various sectors of the food and beverage industry:
1. COMMERCIAL SECTORS (PROFIT MOTIVE)
A) GENERAL MARKET
 Hotels, Motels, Resorts

 Restaurants
 Takeaway outlets
 Fast food outlets
 Pubs, Wine bars
 Food courts
 Functions catering

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PASSI CITY COLLEGE
B) RESTRICTED MARKET
 Transport catering
 Clubs
 Industrial catering
 Institutional catering
2. WELFARE SECTORS (SERVICE MOTIVE)
A) RESTRICTED MARKET
 Institutional catering
 Schools
 Colleges
 Universities
 Hospitals
 Old age homes
 Military
 Prisons
 Industrial catering (run by own management)
3. OTHER FOOD AND BEVERAGE INDUSTRY SECTORS
A) NON-CAPTIVE MARKET
In these areas of the food and beverage industry, the customers have a choice of where to
eat.The types of restaurants chosen may be a fine dining restaurant of a deluxe hotel, stand-
alone restaurant, coffee shop, fast food outlet, specialty restaurant, or a popular restaurant
depending on the following below.
B) REASON FOR DINING
For example, A birthday party, Valentine’s Day, Wedding anniversary, or Business meetings.

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PASSI CITY COLLEGE
C) TIME AVAILABLE TO EAT
Some customers have more time to spend in a restaurant while others have very little time,
which influences their decision on the selection of the type of eatery.
D) CAPTIVE MARKET / CUSTOMERS
The customers do not have a choice of where to eat. In such a market, the customers have a
choice before selecting the food and beverages. Once the choice is made, the customers have no
choice but to be content with what is on offer.
Sectors/Areas of the food and beverage industry can broadly be classified into the following two
groups according to the priority given to the provision of food and beverages.
ACTIVITY
QUESTIONS :
Test 1
1. What are the basic types of accommodation?

2. What does a hotel usually provide for the guests?
3. How is the quality of the hotel marked?
4. Describe the main characteristics of a three star hotel.
5. Describe the main characteristics of a five star hotel.
6. What kind of hotels do you know according for their business purpose?
7. How does a motel differ from a hotel?
8. What is available for the tourists at youth hostels?
9. What facilities can one expect at the campsite?
10.What is an inn?
Test 2

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Enumeration :
Please enumerate the various sectors of the food and beverage industry.(20pts)
Test 3
EXERCISE Match the types of accommodation and their definitions:

a garni hotel a youth hostel an inn
a one star hotel a campsite a motel
a four star hotel a guest house
1. __ a hotel with spacious rooms, air conditioning, access to internet …

2 __ cheap accommodation with dor- mitories and shared bathrooms
3. __ a hotel without a restaurant
4. __ a family-owned facility for tourists
5 __ a place to stay outdoors overnight
6. __ a hotel with small rooms which do not all have en-suite bathrooms
7 __ an establishment offering food, drink and lodging to travellers
8. __ a hotel with an easy access to the parking lot.
Please write your answer here:

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THC1 Module 3
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PASSI CITY COLLEGE

City of Passi, Iloilo

SCHOOL OF HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT

(THC1) MICRO PERSPECTIVE OF TOURISM AND

Prepared by: EDILYN P. PADERAN – PCC SOHM Part-Time Instructor

1|Page EDILYN PADERAN, Subject Instructor

This Module 3 consist of the following Topics:

Food and Beverages Sector

1. Define the hotel terminology.

2|Page EDILYN PADERAN, Subject Instructor

History of the Accommodations or Lodging Industry

Hotels can be a 10-room boarding

Normally, motels only offer rooms

Accommodation can be classified into

6|Page EDILYN PADERAN, Subject Instructor

designed and built to meet almost any

accommodate these travelers and even

8|Page EDILYN PADERAN, Subject Instructor

Hotels can be a 10-room boarding

Normally, motels only offer rooms

Accommodation can be classified into

11 | P a g e EDILYN PADERAN, Subject Instructor

designed and built to meet almost any

accommodate these travelers and even

13 | P a g e EDILYN PADERAN, Subject Instructor

Apartment-hotels are buildings

14 | P a g e EDILYN PADERAN, Subject Instructor

Tourist inns are lodging

15 | P a g e EDILYN PADERAN, Subject Instructor

16 | P a g e EDILYN PADERAN, Subject Instructor

Accommodation can be classified into

17 | P a g e EDILYN PADERAN, Subject Instructor

designed and built to meet almost any

accommodate these travelers and even

 A motel- The word is an abbreviation of motor

19 | P a g e EDILYN PADERAN, Subject Instructor

 A campsite-A campsite is a place used for

 a) an incidentally chosen place (where backpackers or

 b) an area equipped for camping, with various facilities;

20 | P a g e EDILYN PADERAN, Subject Instructor

 An inn-An inn is an establishment which offers travellers

 A guest house- A guest house is

Food and Beverage Sector

“Food & beverage” is a general term used in

21 | P a g e EDILYN PADERAN, Subject Instructor

Related food and beverage departments and aspects in a hotel:

 Catering (internal and external)

 Banqueting (internal and external)

 Room Service (In-room dining)

SECTORS OF THE FOOD SERVICE INDUSTRY

1. COMMERCIAL SECTORS (PROFIT MOTIVE)

 Hotels, Motels, Resorts

22 | P a g e EDILYN PADERAN, Subject Instructor

2. WELFARE SECTORS (SERVICE MOTIVE)

3. OTHER FOOD AND BEVERAGE INDUSTRY SECTORS

B) REASON FOR DINING

23 | P a g e EDILYN PADERAN, Subject Instructor

C) TIME AVAILABLE TO EAT

D) CAPTIVE MARKET / CUSTOMERS

1. What are the basic types of accommodation?

24 | P a g e EDILYN PADERAN, Subject Instructor

EXERCISE Match the types of accommodation and their definitions: