UNIT 2

EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUE
Apparatus & Measurements

No. Apparatus Uses

1 Burette (50 ml)
2 Pipette (25 ml)
3 Conical flask
4 Measuring cylinder
5 Thermometer
6 Stopwatch
7 Wash bottle
8 Tripod stand
To measure any volume of liquids in titration
experiment.
To measure fixed volume of liquids in titration
experiment.
To collect liquids
To measure volume of liquids
To measure the temperature
To measure time
For washing purpose
For holding the flask or beaker while heating

9 Wire gauze For uniform heating of the apparatus

10 Bunsen burner For heating purpose
11 Test tube For testing small amount of chemicals
12 Boiling tube For heating small amount of chemicals
13 Test tube holder For holding test tube while heating
14 Gas jar For collecting gas
15 Gas syringe For collecting and measuring the volume of gas

16 Evaporating basin For evaporating liquid chemicals

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17 Crucible with lid For heating and drying small amount of solid
chemicals
18 Funnel For safety transferring of liquids and also used in
filtration
19 Glass rod (Stirrer) For stirring
20 Spatula For taking small amount of solid chemicals
21 Mortar and pestle For grinding
22 Simple pipette For pouring the liquids dropwise
(dropper)
23 Balance For measuring mass
24 Beaker For storing or heating chemicals
25 Delivery tube For transferring gas

Apparatus used for measuring volume of liquids

1.Pipette
Accurate measurement
2. Burette
3.Measuring cylinder →Approximate measurement [For quick measurement]

Apparatus used for measuring the volume of gases

1. Gas syringe
2. Measuring cylinder

2
3
Write down the temperature in degree Celsius (0C)

4
Write down the time in seconds

5
 Methods of collecting gases

1) For collecting gases heavier (denser) than air –

Heavier gases can be collected by the upward displacement of air.

ex: Chlorine, Sulfur dioxide

2) For collecting gases lighter (less dens) than air –

Lighter gases can be collected by the downward displacement of air.

ex: Ammonia, Hydrogen

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3) For collecting gases which are insoluble in water –

As the gases cannot dissolve in water, can be collected over water.

ex: Hydrogen, Oxygen.

4) By using gas syringe -