Ecologica - Book of Abstracts, Belgrade 2021

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Scientific and Professional Society for Environmental Protection of
Serbia - ECOLOGICA,
ALFA BK University, Belgrade
University UNION – “NIKOLA TESLA”, Belgrade; Institute for Multidisciplinary
Research, Belgrade; Institute of General and Physical Chemistry, Belgrade;
SITS, Belgrade; Bulgarian National Union of Scientists - Ruse, Bulgaria;
University of Ruse “Angel Kanchev”, Bulgaria; Bulgarian National Society of
Agricultural Engineers; Balkan Environmental Association (B.EN.A.)
Under the patronage of

Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development and
Ministry of Environmental Protection of the Republic of Serbia
INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE
THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON

THE ECONOMY AND THE ENVIRONMENT IN THE
ERA OF THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
BOOK OF ABSTRACTS
MEĐUNARODNA NAUČNA KONFERENCIJA
UTICAJ PANDEMIJE COVID-19 NA EKONOMIJU I

ŽIVOTNU SREDINU U ERI ČETVRTE
INDUSTRIJSKE REVOLUCIJE
KNJIGA APSTRAKATA
Belgrade, 22-24 April 2021

Izdavač:
Naučno-stručno Društvo za zaštitu životne sredine Srbije ECOLOGICA,
11000 Beograd, Kneza Miloša 7a
Za izdavača:
emeritus prof. dr Larisa Jovanović, Predsednik UO Društva ECOLOGICA
Urednici:
emeritus prof. dr Larisa Jovanović, glavni i odgovorni urednik
prof. dr Vadim Ermakov, GEOHI Vernadsky, RAS, Moscow, RF
prof. dr Sergei Ostroumov, MSU Lomonosov, Moscow, RF
Štampa: Akademska izdanja, Zemun, 2021.
Tiraž: 400
CIP - Каталогизација у публикацији

Народна библиотека Србије, Београд
330.34(048)
330.34:[616.98:578.834(048)
INTERNATIONAL Scientific Conference The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on

the Economy and the Environment in the Era of The Fourth Industrial Revolution (2021 ;
Beograd)
Book of abstracts = Knjiga apstrakata / International Scientific Conference The Impact
of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Economy and the Environment in the Era of The
Fourth Industrial Revolution = Međunarodna naučna konferencija Uticaj pandemije
COVID-19 na ekonomiju i životnu sredinu u eri četvrte industrijske revolucije, Belgrade,
22-24 April 2021 ; [organizers] Scientific and Professional Society for Environmental
Protection of Serbia - Ecologica ... [et al.] ; [urednici Larisa Jovanović, Vadim Ermakov,
Sergei Ostroumov]. - Beograd : Naučno-stručno društvo za zaštitu životne sredine Srbije
Ecologica, 2021 (Zemun : Akademska izdanja). - 230 str. ; 25 cm
Apstrakti na engl., srp. ili rus. jeziku. - Tekst ćir. i lat. - Tiraž 400.
ISBN 978-86-89061-14-7
а) Економски развој -- Апстракти б) Економски развој -- Ковид 19 -- Апстракти
COBISS.SR-ID 39441417
THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE ECONOMY AND THE ENVIRONMENT IN THE ERA OF THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC BOARD /

MEĐUNARODNI NAUČNI ODBOR
Prof. Dr Vadim Ermakov, GEOKHI, Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS),

Moscow, Russian Federation
Prof. Dr Viliam Sarian, Academician NAS of Armenia
Prof. Dr Sergei Ostroumov, MSU “Lomonosov”, Russian Federation
Dr Sergey Chalov, GF MSU “Lomonosov”, Russian Federation
Prof. Dr Vyacheslav Zaitsev, Astrakhan State Technical University, RF
Prof. Dr Aleksandr Syso, RAS, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
Prof. Dr Јеlena Ponomarenko, Peoples Friendship University, Moscow, RF
Prof. Dr Jaume Bech Borras, University Barcelona, Spain
Prof. Dr Petar Hristov, Free University Varna, Bulgaria
Prof. Dr Anelia Nenova, Free University Varna, Bulgaria
Prof. Dr Velizara Pencheva, University of Ruse, Bulgaria
Prof. Dr Atanas Atanasov, University of Ruse, Bulgaria
Prof. Dr Antoaneta Vassileva, University NWE, Sofia, Bulgaria
Prof. Dr Bekmamat Djenbajev, Inst. Biology & Pedology, Bishkek, Kirgizstan
Dr Vladimir Safonov, Voronezh State Agrarian University, Russian Federation
Dr Vladimir Bashkin, IPBP of Soil Sci., RAS, Moscow Region, RF
Dr Rauf Galiulin, Inst. Basic Biological Problems, RAS, Moscow Region, RF
Prof. Dr Mikhail Panin, Astana, Kazakhstan
Prof. Dr Srđan Redzepagić, University “Sophia Antipolis”, Nice, France
Dr Svetlana Jovanović, Oklahoma State University, Tulsa, USA
Dr Franz Brandstatter, Museum of Natural History, Vienna, Austria
Prof. Dr Neven Duić, University of Zagreb, Croatia
Dr Valentin Vladut, INMA, Bucharest, Romania,
Isabel Airas, Advisor and Project Manager, Chamber of Commerce of Serbia,
Belgrade
Prof. Dr Igor Stubelj, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia
Prof. Dr Slobodan I. Marković, Scuola Superiore Universitaria, Padova, Italia
Prof. Dr Nataša Markovska, ICEIM-MANU, North Macedonia
3
SCIENTIFIC BOARD / NAUČNI ODBOR

Prof. Dr Larisa Jovanović, President, Society “ECOLOGICA”, Belgrade
Prof. Dr Marijana Joksimović, ALFA BK University, Belgrade
Prof. Dr Hasan Hanic, Belgrade Banking Academy, Belgrade
Prof. Dr Dejan Erić, Belgrade Banking Academy, Belgrade
Prof. Dr Vidojko Jović, regular member of SASA, Belgrade
Prof. Dr Slavko Mentus, regular member of SASA, Faculty of Physical Chemistry, BU,
Belgrade
Prof. Dr Dragan Veselinović, Faculty of Physical Chemistry, BU, Belgrade
Dr Dragica Stanković, Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Belgrade
Prof. Dr Vladan Joldžić, Institute for Sociological and Criminological Res., Belgrade
Prof. Dr Mario Lukinović, Faculty of Law, Union University, Belgrade
Prof. Dr Violeta Šiljak, ECPD, UN University for Peace, Belgrade
Prof. Dr Antonije Onjia, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, BU, Belgrade
Prof. Dr Olja Munitlak Ivanović, Faculty of Science, UNS, Novi Sad
Prof. Dr Ana Čučulović, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, Belgrade
Prof. Dr Jovan Veselinović, Alfa BK University, Belgrade
Prof. Dr Miloš Pavlović, Faculty of Economics, Priština - Kosovska Mitrovica
Prof. Dr Dejan Filipović, Dean of the Faculty of Geography, BU, Belgrade
Prof. Dr Zoran Čajka, University Singidunum, FEFA, Belgrade
Prof. Dr Milan Radosavljevic, University Union - Nikola Tesla, FPSP, Belgrade
Prof. Dr Maja Anđelković, University Union - Nikola Tesla, FSOM, Belgrade
Prof. Dr Ivana Domazet, Institute of Economic Sciences, Belgrade
Prof. Dr Vladimir Tomašević, University Union - Nikola Tesla, FIM, Belgrade
Prof. Dr Jasmina Madžgalj, City Administration, Belgrade
Prof. Dr Djordje Jovanovic, University Union - Nikola Tesla, FIM, Belgrade
Prof. Dr Marko Todorović, Academy of Innovation Sciences, Belgrade
Dr Ivan Pavlović, Scientific Veterinary Institute of Serbia, Belgrade
Prof. Dr Jelena Premović, Institute of Economics, Belgrade
ОRGANIZATION EXECUTIVE BOARD /

ORGANIZACIONO-IZVRŠNI ODBOR
Mr Milorad Panjević, President, ALFA BK University, Belgrade

Prof. Dr Larisa Jovanović, Vice President, ALFA BK University, Belgrade
Prof. Dr Marijana Joksimović, ALFA BK University, Belgrade
Marina Radunović, ALFA BK University, Belgrade
Ing Vladimir Šašo, ALFA BK University, Belgrade
4
FOREWORD
This year, as in the previous 28 years, we celebrated World Earth Day by organizing
an international scientific conference dedicated to the current topic: The impact of
the COVID-19 pandemic on the economy and the environment in the era of the
Fourth industrial revolution. Due to the constraints caused by the COVID-19
pandemic, the conference was held 22-24.04.2021 on-line using the Google meet
platform.
Despite the severance of many global traffic, trade, business and cultural ties between
countries, and sometimes within countries, during the COVID-19 pandemic, scientists,
physicians, chemists and pharmacists worked together to find vaccines and drugs
against the disease caused by the spread of the potent and unknown SARS-CoV-2
virus. COVID-19 treatment protocols changed every month of the pandemic.
Technologies from the 20th century have also found numerous applications in other
sectors of the industry, for example in the sports industry (robotics, mechatronics,
nanotechnology). Discoveries in the field of biogeochemistry enable the creation of
new biotechnologies.
During the twenty-eight years of the existence of the journal ECOLOGICA, a large
number of scientific papers have been published in it, dedicated to the most current
problems of environmental protection:
x Pandemic of COVID-19 and environmental protection,
x Impact of Covid-19 pandemic on the environment and economy,
x The role of biogeochemistry in the development of biotechnology,
x Financing projects in domain of mitigation consequences of pandemic,
x Impact of COVID-19 on the ecotourism and sport,
This year's scientific conference The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the
economy and the environment in the era of the Fourth industrial revolution is focused
on many topics related to sustainability of economy and environmental protection,
which are included in 5 scientific sections:
1. Biogeochemistry and biotechnology,
2. Economic sustainability and environment protection,
3. Tourism and sport,
4. Financial aspects,
5. Legal and socio-economic aspects.
The International Scientific Conference was attended by scientists and experts from
various scientific fields: environmental protection, economics, ecology, chemistry,
biogeochemistry, physical chemistry, medicine, biotechnology, agronomy, environm-
ental management, information technology, financial management, sociology, law
and politic sciences.
5
At the Conference, the first in Serbia on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the
sustainability of the economy and environmental protection in the era of the Fourth
Industrial Revolution, numerous problems of our time were discussed by 160
participants from the country and abroad.
Quality analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the sustainability of
various spheres of industry, transport, ecotourism, medicine, sports and education,
based on valid data and information, as well as the application of systems thinking
and innovative technologies, is of great importance to environmental decision
makers. Special attention was paid to the planning of future joint scientific research
and exchange of information in the field of environmental protection in order to
develop scientific research.
Due to measures to limit the number of participants in scientific meetings in the
country during the COVID-19 pandemic, the International Scientific Conference was
organized in an online format (Google meet platform). The Conference was attended
by 40 foreign scientists from 10 countries, who exhibited 35 papers. The participation
of foreign scientists in the International Scientific Conference served to exchange
information and develop important directions in the field of environmental protection,
as well as to promote successful cooperation between Russian, Belarusian,
Moldovan, Bulgarian, Montenegrin, Chinese, Arab, Turkish, Tunisian, Libyan and
Serbian scientists in the new international projects. All participants were satisfied with
the organization of the International Scientific Conference and the quality of IT
services during the presentation of their contributions in online format.
6
PREDGOVOR
Ove godine, kao i prethodnih 28, proslavili smo Svetski Dan Planete Zemlje organizo-
vanjem međunarodnog naučnog skupa posvećenog aktuelnoj temi: Uticaj pandemije
COVID-19 na ekonomiju i životnu sredinu u eri Četvrte industrijske revolucije.
Zbog ograničenja uslovljenih pandemijom COVID-19 konferencija je održana 22-24.
04.2021 u on-line režimu uz korišćenje platforme Google meet.
Uprkos prekidu mnogih globalnih saobraćajnih, trgovinskih, poslovnih i kulturnih veza
između država, a ponekad i unutar država, za vreme pandemije COVID-19, naučnici,
medicinari, hemičari i farmaceuti, su se trudili da zajedničkim naporima pronađu
vakcine i lekove protiv oboljenja izazvanog širenjem moćnog i nepoznatog virusa
SARS-CoV-2. Protokoli za lečenje COVID-19 su se menjali svakog meseca pande-
mije.
Otkrića iz oblasti biogeohemije omogućavaju stvaranje novih biotehnologija.
Tokom dvadeset osam godina postojanja časopisa ECOLOGICA objavljen je veliki
broj naučnih radova posvećenih najaktuelnim problemima zaštite životne sredine:
x Pandemija COVID-19 i zaštita životne sredine,
x Uticaj pandemije Covid-19 na životnu sredinu i ekonomiju,
x Uloga biogeokemije u razvoju biotehnologije,
x Finansiranje projekata u domenu ublažavanja posledica pandemije,
x Uticaj COVID-19 na ekoturizam i sport,
Ovogodišnja naučna konferencija Uticaj pandemije COVID-19 na ekonomiju i životnu
sredinu u eri Četvrte industrijske revolucije bila je usredsređena na mnoge teme
povezane s održivošću ekonomije i zaštitom životne sredine, koje su raspoređene u 5
naučnih sekcija:
1. Biogeohemija i biotehnologija,
2. Održivost ekonomike i zaštita životne sredine,
3. Turizam i sport,
4. Finansijski aspekti,
5. Pravni i društveno-ekonomski aspekti.
U radu Međunarodne naučne Konferencije učastvovali su naučnici i stručnjaci iz
različitih naučnih oblasti: zaštite životne sredine, ekonomije, ekologije, hemije,
biogeohemije, fizičke hemije, medicine, biotehnologije, agronomije, ekološkog
menadžmenta, informacionih tehnologija, finansijskog menadžmenta, sociologije,
prava i političkih nauka.
Na Konferenciji, prvoj u Srbiji na temu uticaja pandemije COVID-19 na održivost
ekonomije i zaštitu životne sredine u eri 4. Industrijske revolucije bili su razmatrani
mnogobrojni problemi našeg vremena od strane 160 učesnika iz zemlje i
inostranstva.
7
Donosiocima odluka u oblasti zaštite životne sredine od velikog značaja su kvalitetne

analize uticaja pandemije COVID-19 na održivost različnih sfera industrije, transporta,
ekoturizma medicine, sporta i edukacije koje se zasnivaju na validnim podacima i
informacijama, a takođe primeni sistemskog mišljenja i inovativnih tehnologija.
Posebna pažnja bila je posvećena planiranju budućih zajedničkih naučnih istraživanja
i razmene informacija iz oblasti zaštite životne sredine u cilju razvoja naučno-
istraživačkog rada.
Zbog mera po ograničenju broja učesnika naučnih skupova u zemlji tokom pandemije
COVID-19, Međunarodna naučna Konferencija je bila organizirana u on line formatu
(Google meet platforma). U radu Konferencije je učestvovalo 40 stranih naučnika iz
10. država sveta, koji su izložili 35 radova. Učešće inostranih naučnika u
Međunarodnoj naučnoj Konferenciji poslužilo je razmeni informacija i razvoju bitnih
pravaca u oblasti zaštite životne sredine, a takođe unapređenju uspešne saradnje
ruskih, beloruskih, moldavskih, bugarskih, crnogorskih, kineskih, arapskih, turskih,
tuniskih, libijskih i srpskih naučnika u novim međunarodnim projektima. Svi učesnici
su bili zadovoljni organizacijom Međunarodne naučne Konferencije i kvalitetom
informatičkih usluga prilikom prezentacije saopštenja u on line formatu.
8
CONTENT / SADRŽAJ
PLENARY LECTURES
PLENARNA PREDAVANJA
Larisa Jovanović
Application of innovative technologies and materials
in the fourth industrial revolution ........................................................................ 21
Vadim Ermakov, Larisa Jovanović
The relationship of Covid-19 with the selenium status
of the Russian regions ......................................................................................... 23
William Sarian, Vadim Ermakov
The necessity and relevance of digital transformation
of ecological and biogeochemical research in the light
of the implementation of the Industry 4.0 project .............................................. 24
Marina Kapitalchuk, Ecaterina Melnicenco, Irina Popodneac
On the relationship between population health and the
biogeochemical conditions of the environment ................................................ 25
Ozren Uzelac
The impact of the pandemic on economic developments in the world ............ 26
Mario Lukinović, Larisa Jovanović
The role of innovations in technological progress in the IV industrial
revolution during the pandemic .......................................................................... 28
Marijana Joksimović, Stevica Deđanski
Impact of Covid-19 on tourist traffic in the Republic of Serbia ........................ 30
Antoaneta Vassileva, Milica Simić
Covid-19 and sustainable development .............................................................. 32
Violeta Šiljak
The impact of Covid-19 on the work of national Olympic committees ............ 34
Alexander Degtyarev, Uliana Gulyaeva, Valentina Danilova,
Sergey Tyutikov, Vadim Ermakov
Mobility of metals in the soil and vegetable complex of
natural and technogenic anomalies ..................................................................... 36
Xing Cai, Sergei Ostroumov
Studying phytotoxicity of ecotoxicant mixture that contained
membranotropic components using phytotest with Lens culinaris ................. 37
9
Villiam Sarian, Nadezhda Kozlova

Aspects of the implementation of predictive analytics (PA)
methods in the economy of emergency situations ............................................ 38
Olja Munitlak Ivanović, Igor Stamenković
The influence of the Fourth industrial revolution on
education during the Covid-19 pandemic............................................................ 40
Tamara Tadić, Bojana Marković, Aleksandra Nastasović, Antonije Onjia
Application of sensors based on molecularly imprinted polymers
for virus detection .................................................................................................. 42
Miloš Karajović, Milica Kaličanin, Zoran Kaličanin
Impact of Covid-19 pandemic on international economic
relations and international capital movement ..................................................... 44
Branko Živanović, Aleksandra Cvejić, Duško Bodroža
National banking guarantee scheme: its place and role
in loan restructuring of agricultural organic companies ................................... 46
Vesna Grekulović, Nada Štrbac, Aleksandra Mitovski
Rosemary extract as an ecological inhibitor of copper
corrosion in chloride medium ............................................................................. 49
SECTION 1 – BIOGEOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY

SEKCIJA 1 – BIOGEOHEMIJA I BIOTEHNOLOGIJA
Vadim Ermakov, Larisa Jovanović

Present problems of biogeochemistry ................................................................ 53
Yuriy Kovalsky, Nina Gradova, Vadim Ermakov
The concept of homeostasis in geochemical ecology and biotechnology ...... 54
Marina Kapitalchuk
A systematic approach to the study of the biogeochemical
conditions of Moldova ........................................................................................... 55
Vadim Ermakov, Larisa Jovanović, William Sarian
The nowaday transformation of the biosphere and its consequences
under conditions of the manifestation of pandemics ........................................ 56
Alexander Degtyarev, Sergey Tyutikov, Uliana Gulyaeva,
Valentina Danilova, Vadim Ermakov
The integrated environmental and biogeochemical monitoring
of the Unal tailings pond: fluctuating asymmetry .............................................. 57
Vyacheslav Zaitsev, Wladimir Chaplygin, Tatiana Ershova
Features of the accumulation of toxic metals by organs and
tissues of the caspian seal (Phoca caspica, Gmelin, 1788) .............................. 58
10
Vadim Ermakov, Vladimir Safonov, Sergey Tyutikov,

Fedor Golubev, Uliana Gulyaeva, Valentina Danilova
Characteristic features of molybdenum, copper, tungsten
and rhenium accumulation in the environment ................................................. 59
Marina Kapitalchuk, Natalia Zubco
Influence of water mineralization on the ecological
status of macroelements ...................................................................................... 60
A. Adeeb Hussein Ali, L.P. Loseva, T.K. Krupskaya, О.S. Laminski-Anufryk
Assessment of the bioelemental status of overweight persons ....................... 61
Margarita Samburova, Vladimir Safonov
The content of arsenic in the soil and living organisms
in the area of man-made mineral formation ....................................................... 62
Marina Kapitalchuk, Ecaterina Melnicenco, Tatiana Bogataia, Iuna Acciurina
Biogeochemistry of manganese in Moldova ...................................................... 63
Marina Kapitalchuk, Elena Busheva
The content of cobalt in the body of animals and
humans of the Dniester valley ............................................................................. 64
Vadim Ermakov, Sergey Tyutikov, Uliana Gulyaeva,
Valentina Danilova, Alexander Degtyarev
Variation in the activity of soil enzymes under conditions
of technogenic pollution as an additional biogeochemical
indicator in research and environmental studies .............................................. 65
L.P. Loseva, T.K. Krupskaya, S.S. Anufrick, R. Blundell, M. Yunusov
Application of X-ray fluorescence analysis to assess evaluation
of the essential importance of mass-produced products (bread) ..................... 66
Fedor Golubev
Biomorphological analysis of flora of the Ardon river
basin after natural and anthropogenic disasters ................................................ 67
Željko Ćirović, Antonije Onjia
Potential application of atmospheric particle dispersion
model to SARS-COV-2 virus transmission ......................................................... 68
Comprehensive evaluation of the phytoremeditical ability of a number of
agricultural crops for the restoration of soils polluted with heavy metals ..... 70
Nataša Bojković, Tanja Živojinović, Nikola Zornić
Analysis of air quality parameters in the beginning of
the Covid-19 pandemic in Belgrade and Sarajevo ............................................. 71
Dragana Božić, Vesna Conić, Suzana Dragulović,
Ljiljana Avramović, Radojka Jonović, Mile Bugarin
Laboratory research on acid leaching of Cu, Zn and In from jarosite waste ..... 72
Vladimir Bashkin, Rauf Galiulin
Enzyme activity analysis at recultivation of disturbed
soils in the Taz peninsula (Russia) ....................................................................... 73
11
SECTION 2 – ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY AND ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION

SEKCIJA 2 – EKONOMSKA ODRŽIVOST I ZAŠTITA ŽIVOTNE SREDINE
William Sarian, Viktor Levashov, Oksana Grebnyak, Elena Salomatina

Balance of interests of the state and global ICT business ............................... 77
Elena Salomatina, William Saryan
Artificial intelligence to improve emergency management ............................... 79
William Sarian, Rodion Yakoubovsky
Development of the IUSA object expert system based
on the standards and requirements of fire safety ............................................. 82
Zorančo Vasilkov, Slobodan Petrović, Jelena Vuković,
Dragana Lazić, Aleksandar Damnjanović
The green plan of the European Union - new guidelines
for meeting the challenges in environmental protection .................................. 83
Ana Čučulović, Jelena Stanojković, Rodoljub Čučulović, Dragan Veselinović
Import of goods in Serbia during the Covid-19 pandemic ................................ 85
Mario Lukinović, Larisa Jovanović
Environmental impact of the Covid-19 pandemic ............................................... 86
Aleksandra Vuković, Dejan Riznić, Adrijana Jevtić
The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on economic development .................... 87
Implications of Covid-19 for international business ......................................... 89
Jovana Kisin, Svetlana Mihić, Jelena Ignjatović
Economic aspects of the Covid-19 pandemic (the case of Serbia) ................. 90
Aleksandar Damnjanović, Zorančo Vasilkov
"From farm to fork" - symbiosis of food production and ecology ................... 92
Aleksandar Damnjanović, Zoran Ristić, Dragan Nedeljković,
Goran Dzafić, Eihab Abduraouf M. Tarhouni
Creating a plan for maintaining business continuity and
analysis of market risks in the conditions of a pandemic ................................ 94
Milan Janković, Adriana Jović Bogdanović, Aleksandra Gajdobranski
The impact of the pandemic on economic development ................................... 96
Ljiljana Stanković, Lazar Cvijić
The impact of e-commerce on the environment ................................................ 98
Jovana Radoičić, Ljiljana Arsić
Consideration of the consequences of the crisis caused by the Covid-19
pandemic on the sustainability of enterprises and workplaces ..................... 100
Zdravko Bijelić, Biljana Milanović, Mitar Bijelić, Danijela Pavlović
Model of multidimensional management of economic and technological
development in the conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic ............................. 102
12
Ivan Kapitalchuk
Preserving the productivity of agroecosystems based
on the principles of circular economy .............................................................. 104
Jelena Bošković, Larisa Jovanović, Đorđe Jovanović
Environment, agriculture and GMO .................................................................. 105
Vlado Radić, Nikola Radić, Nenad Ravić
The impact of the pandemic Covid-19 on sustainable
development goals and the economy ............................................................... 106
Biljana Milanović, Mitar Bijelić, Danijela Pavlović, Zdravko Bijelić
Investigation of the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on
the system management of electric power systems ....................................... 108
Radule Tošović
Some aspects of the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on mineral
sector operations and functioning of the mineral economy ........................... 110
Aleksandra Gajdobranski, Vera Krmpot
Use of renewable energy sources on agricultural holdings ........................... 112
Marko Todić
Small and medium-sized enterprises are hit by Covid-19 “tsunami” ............ 114
Mimica Milošević, Dušan Milošević, Vladimir Đorđević
Exploring the role of entrepreneurship and innovation in the development
of the smart city concept by application of trapezoidal FAHP method ......... 116
Sanja Dobričanin, Ljiljana Arsić, Vladimir Dobričanin, Andjelka Tripković
Crisis management of healthcare systems in the conditions of the
Covid-19 pandemic ............................................................................................. 118
Anđelka Tripković, Ljiljana Arsić, Sanja Dobričanin
Problems and challenges in medical waste management
during the Covid-19 pandemic .......................................................................... 119
Siniša Arsić, Radoljub Tomić, Miloš Arsić, Dragutin Jovanović
Conceptual model for ecological disposal of motor vehicles
at the end of the life cycle .................................................................................. 121
Ljubica Kovačević, Ljiljana Arsić
Sustainability of the fashion industry at the time of the Covid-19 pandemic .. 122
Violeta Jovanović, Marija Nikolić Tošović
Challenges of entrepreneurs, small and medium
enterprises during the Covid-19 pandemic ....................................................... 124
Ivana Ilić Krstić, Vesna Miltojević
Effects of the pandemic on the capacity of women
in agriculture to adapt to climate change ......................................................... 125
The challenge of functioning and development of small
and medium enterprises in the circular economy ........................................... 126
Olivera Jovanović, Zorica Baroš
Outlook of the use of wind energy in Serbia .................................................... 127
13
Radule Tošović
Progressive multi-stage study of geoecological factors of economic
evaluation of mineral raw deposits as market valorization facilities ............. 130
Mohamed Abd Ahmed Abuhteara, Maja Kovačević, Jovana Gardašević
Enterprise's life cycle in the conditions of the ecological responsibility ...... 132
Aleksandra Tasić, Ksenija Nešić, Ivan Pavlović
New materials and technologies in control of
environmental protection and human health ................................................... 134
Stanimir Đukić
Safety management in environmental protection ............................................ 136
Olja Munitlak Ivanović, Marko Vujić
Implications of Covid-19 on global economic
performance and the environment .................................................................... 138
SECTION 3 – TOURISM AND SPORT

SEKCIJA 3 – TURIZAM I SPORT
Nikola Bošković, Danijela Despotović, Lela Ristić

Negative effects of the Covid-19 pandemics on international tourism ............ 143
Goran Dašić, Ana Anufrijev, Dragan Milačić
Ecotourism after the Covid-19 pandemic:
possible development determinants .................................................................. 144
Ivana Vasić, Nikica Radović
Valorization of ecotourism in the conditions
of the Covid-19 pandemic ................................................................................... 146
Marina Vesić, Jelena Bolović, Nikola Todorović, Sanja Pavlović
The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on sustainable development
of rural tourism in the West Serbia tourist region ............................................. 147
Dragan Milošević, Dejan Ilić, Jovanka Popović
Analysis of public attitudes on ecotourism and predicting
its further development after the pandemic Covid-19 ....................................... 149
Snežana Štetić, Igor Trišić, Igor Gvozden
Ecotourism of the special nature reserve “Deliblatska peščara”
in the conditions of the Covid-19 pandemic ...................................................... 151
Sanja Božović, Kristina Košić, Danijela Vukoičić
Developing ecotourism in a time of pandemic:
The case of the Zlatibor mountain (Serbia) ...................................................... 153
14
Bojana Ostojić, Filip Jovanović, Milutin Pećić

Development of ecotourism during the Covid-19 virus
pandemic: Case study of Palićko lake .............................................................. 155
Jovanka Popović, Dragan Milosević, Jelena Avakumović
Role of environmental factors in wellness during the Covid-19 pandemic ..... 157
Sandra Đurović, Aleksandra Perović, Violeta Šiljak,
Sonja Antonijević, Jovan Veselinović, Srećko Baćevac
The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the sustainability
of sports tourism development as an economic branch ................................ 158
Jelena Premović, Slavoljub Vujović, Dijana Jovanović
Communication technologies, Covid-19 and core-competence
of the tourism enterprises .................................................................................. 160
Saša Virijević Jovanović, Suzana Doljanica, Tatjana Janovac
Green economy in Iceland: an engine for tourism development ................... 161
Aleksandra Vuković, Milovan Vuković, Snežana Urošević, Dejan Riznić
Railway transportation and development of ecotourism
in Republic of Serbia .......................................................................................... 162
Milan Novović, Marija Bešlin Feruh, Svetlana Tasić
Tourist development and application of marketing in order
to improve the tourist potential of the Stara Planina ...................................... 163
Živana Krejić, Maja Anđelković, Jelena Palić
Positive impact of Covid-19 on environment
due to the reduction of tourist movement ......................................................... 164
Jovan Bugarčić, Snežana Milićević, Nataša Đorđević
Organic gastronomic products as a driver of
ecotourism development in a pandemic .......................................................... 165
Mihajlo Stanković
Biodiversity of Zasavica reserves in the function of sustainable tourism ....... 166
Bojan Živadinović
Eco-restaurants in the world and restaurants in Serbia ................................. 170
Saša Virijević Jovanović, Duško Mlađenović, Jelena Zdravković
The effects of Covid-19 pandemic on ecotourism ........................................... 171
Violeta Šiljak, Nevenka Zrnzević, Rade Stefanović,
Aleksandra Perović, Jovan Veselinović, Dejan Đurović
The impact of Covid-19 on the future of sport: sustainability and recovery ... 172
Vojkan Bižić
The importance of sports marketing for the development
of environmental awareness in sports special groups ................................... 174
15
SECTION 4 – FINANCIAL ASPECTS

SEKCIJA 4 – FINANSIJSKI ASPEKTI
Mašan Ercegović, Dragan Živković

The influence of public finance management on the economic
activity of the serbian economy in the era of Covid-19 pandemic ................. 177
Milica Kaličanin, Zoran Kaličanin, Miroslav Perić
The role of digitalization in the financial sector,
with reference to the banking sector ................................................................ 179
Adriana Jović Bogdanović, Milan Janković
Financing suport projects for hospitality and
tourism during the Covid-19 pandemic ............................................................ 181
Nina Mitić, Jelena Avakumović, Dragan Milošević, Goran Kvrgić, Jovanka Popović
Sustainability of the organisation in times of crisis: integral approach
to strategic financial management .................................................................... 183
Ivana Bešlić Rupić, Dragana Bešlić Obradović, Bojan Rupić
The impact of the Covid-19 on digitalization in accounting ........................... 185
Grozdana Marinković
Environmental reporting in contemporary
business environment – practice in Serbia ...................................................... 186
Kristijan Ristić
Green finance and economic growth ................................................................ 187
Ivana Bešlić Rupić, Dragana Bešlić Obradović, Bojan Rupić
Reporting on environmental protection in the function
of sustainable development ................................................................................ 189
Mirjana Kranjac, Đorđe Jovanović
EU funds, environment, and agriculture ........................................................... 190
16
SECTION 5 – LEGAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECTS

SEKCIJA 5 – PRAVNI I DRUŠTVENO-EKONOMSKI ASPEKTI
Vladimir Crnjanski, Dragan Gašić

Certificate of vaccination against the Covid-19 and
the principle of equal access to justice ............................................................ 195
Vesna Aleksić
Tax policy at the time of Covid-19 in Serbia
and its impact on the economy ......................................................................... 198
Dragana Lazić, Živanka Miladinović Bogavac, Jelena Vuković,
Aleksandar Damnjanovic, Slobodan Petrović
Criminal protection of the environment in the European Union .................... 200
Nenad Kojić, Radmila Micić, Maja Staletović
Social responsibility of trade companies during
the Covid-19 pandemic ....................................................................................... 202
Aleksandra Vuković, Milovan Vuković, Nada Štrbac, Danijela Voza
Analysis of media coverage on the environment in daily
newspapers in the period of Covid-19 pandemic ............................................ 204
Ana Anufrijev, Goran Dašić
What lessons on socio-economic challenges has been
given to us by the pandemic Covid-19? ........................................................... 206
Milovan Vuković, Njegoš Dragović, Nada Štrbac, Aleksandra Vuković
The importance of social acceptance of renewable energy sources for the
realization of sustainable development goals in the pandemic period ......... 208
Saša Virijević Jovanović, Suzana Doljanica, Dragana Nešović
Corporate social responsibility initiatives in response
to the Covid-19 pandemic .................................................................................. 209
Vladan Joldžić
Socio-economic aspects of the Covid-19 pandemic
seeed from the perspective of law .................................................................... 210
Gordana Ljubojević, Čedomir Ljubojević, Nina Maksimović
The impact of legal protection of innovations on
company's competitive advantage .................................................................... 212
William Sarian, Rodion Yakoubovsky
Distance e-learning during Covid-19 with IoT biological feedback ............... 214
Emilija Marković, Sladjana Vidosavljević, Jelena Krulj, Nataša Mladenović
Psychological factors of forming proenvironmental attitudes with children .. 215
Leposava Jovanović, Biljana Ilić, Radica Pavlović
Sustainable development strategy in the function
of reducing poverty in the Republic of Serbia ................................................. 217
17
Vojkan Bižić, Jelena Vitomir, Jovan Veselinović

Education of children with special needs on the importance
of a healthy environment and sports activities ................................................ 219
Jelena Banović, Aleksandra Bradić-Martinović, Nemanja Nedović
Digitization and citizen science in the Covid-19 pandemic ............................ 220
Anđelka Račić, Borivoje Baltezarević
Ethical aspect of digitalization intensification during Covid-19
in the public administration of the Republic of Serbia .................................... 222
Zoran Ristić, Aleksandar Damnjanović, Dragan Nedeljković,
Jelena Krstić Randjić, Eihab Abduraouf M. Tarhouni
Human resources management strategy in the conditions
of pandemic and intensification of digitalization .............................................. 224
Vladan Joldžić
Biotechnological engineering and environmental
protection: legal approach ................................................................................. 226
Dejan Mandić, Mesud Adžemović, Jelena Milovanović
Ecological barometer – instrument for determining
the perception of ecological problems ............................................................. 228
Ana Batrićević, Vera Stanković
Protective masks as waste: environmental and legal aspects ....................... 229
I
Note: The authors bear full responsibility for the originality and content of their
contributions.
Napomena: Autori radova snose punu odgovornost za originalnost i sadržaj
svojih radova.
18
PLENARY LECTURES
PLENARNA PREDAVANJA
THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE ECONOMY AND THE ENVIRONMENT IN THE ERA OF THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL
APPLICATION OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND MATERIALS IN

THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
Emeritus prof. Dr. Larisa Jovanović
ALFA BK University, Belgrade, Serbia;

Scientific and Professional Society for Environmental Protection of Serbia –
ECOLOGICA.
The Fourth Industrial Revolution has included in its portfolio a large selection of new
materials and innovative technologies, developed from the middle of the last century
to the present.
The use of robots helps to conquer outer space and ocean depths, clearing the
terrain after the earthquake, extinguishing forest fires, caring for people with special
needs.
Nanorobots allow the introduction of new nanomedicine methods.
New innovative materials (composites, metalceramics, superalloys, light-emitting
cement, pollution-absorbing bricks, smart polyamides) are changing the automotive
and construction industries and are also being used in many fields of medicine
(implantable metals and ceramics).
A powerful innovation potential in the development of nanobiomaterials enables the
successful synthesis of biological and pharmaceutical products.
The rapid development of immunotherapy, vaccines, bio-pharmacy, stem cell applic-
ation opens new opportunities for successful treatment of the most serious diseases,
including COVID-19.
3D printing enables the production of parts for machines, toys, making organs for
transplantation in medicine.
As predicted by Klaus Shwabe, the Fourth Industrial Revolution will realize the
applicability of many innovative technologies and new sciences methods in order to
successfully combine physical, chemical, digital and biological worlds.
These worlds connect many interdisciplinary sciences, first of all Life sciences:
Biochemistry, Biogeochemistry and Computer sciences.
The need to diversify the technology portfolio in different industrial applications requires
a combination of compatible technologies and methods: nanotechnology and biotechn-
ology, biogeochemical methods and biotechnology, nanotechnology and biocomputing.
Biotechnologies and nanotechnologies create the foundation for the development of
bioengineering.
Life sciences (Bio sciences) play very important role in wide spheres:
Biochemistry – numerous researches of chemical and essential biocomponents.
Biogeochemistry – monitoring of water and soil composition with the purpose of
determination of deficient microelements and prevention of viral diseases by
supplements use (Se, Zn, Mg, K, Mn).
Biotechnology - technology of drugs, supplements and vaccines manufacturing.
Bioengineering - manufacturing of drugs and vaccines.
Immunotherapy - application of vaccines and monoclonal cells.
Environmental health – the science and practice of preventing human injury and illness
with monitoring the factors in the environment that affect human health (air, water and
soil quality).
21
Nanobiotechnology – the type of technology that uses nanomaterials (1-100

nanometers) and biologically derived materials (molecules DNA, proteins).
The implementation of nanobiotechnology provides the ability to engineer biomolecular
systems with purpose of computational functionality of biocomputers.
Multidisciplinary variants of innovative technologies and innovative materials in
various sectors of industry, agriculture, medicine, veterinary medicine, pharmacy,
education, rescue of people during natural and technological disasters, environmental
protection enable the safety of human life on the planet Earth.
With the variations and changes of technology, the ways of work and life of people
change, and thus the methods of doing business. The problem is that modern
changes are happening at a speed not known before, in human history.
Pandemic COVID-19 become the powerful accelerator of numerous technologies and
medicine methods development in the sphere of prevention and treatment viral
diseases.
Keywords: innovation, application, life sciences, biogeochemistry, bioengineering,

environmental health, nanobiotechnology, pandemic, COVID-19, Fourth industrial
revolution.
22
THE RELATIONSHIP OF COVID-19 WITH THE SELENIUM STATUS OF

THE RUSSIAN REGIONS
Prof. Dr. Vadim Ermakov1, Emeritus prof. Dr. Larisa Jovanović2

1Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, RAS, Moscow, Russia
2ALFA BK University, Belgrade, Serbia
To assess the relationship between viral pandemics and Se status, we used

information on the incidence of covid-19 in Russia from 05.06.2020. (Coronavirus,
2020) and from 29.01.2021 (Coronavirus, 2021). The assessment of the ecological
status of various regions of the Russian Federation was carried out according to the
previously developed scheme (Ermakov, 2001), taking into account the Se content in
herbaceous plants (mowing), in surface and underground waters, the annual amount
of precipitation and the spread of white muscle disease in farm animals. The number
of points by region varied from 9 to 40. In addition, the incidence of COVID-19 was
compared with the average Se concentration in the blood serum of residents of the
Russian Federation according to existing data (Golubkina et al., 2017). The series of
numbers included 52 administrative divisions. The results of studies on the
relationship between the degree of incidence of COVID-19 for 05.06.2020 using the
Ms-Excel 2013 program showed a weak negative relationship between the
manifestation of pathology and the Se-status of territories. The correlation coefficient
between the incidence of covid-19 in Russia and the Se-status was equal to 0.362. At
the same time, there was no association between the incidence and the Se content in
the blood serum (r = +0.049). Comparison of the morbidity rate of the population in 52
subjects of the Russian Federation as of 29.01.2021 (Coronavirus, 2021) with the Se-
status revealed a clear negative correlation (r = - 0.726). However, the correlation
between the incidence of COVID-19 (the number of cases per 1000 residents of the
Russian Federation) and the average Se content in the blood serum was weak (r = -
0.344). It was also weak when comparing the incidence with the average Se content
in grain (r = - 0.165). The absence of the relation between the manifestation of viral
pathology and the concentration of Se in the blood serum, apparently, is due to the
fact that the content of Se in the blood of humans and animals varies depending on
the nutritional status of the trace element. Se-status, as an integral parameter that
reflects the level of Se content in the environment, is more conservative. To assess
the relationship between morbidity and Se status, it is more rational to use a well –
known biogeochemical indicator-the content of trace elements in animal hair and
human hair. This is exactly what Chinese scientists have used (Zhang et al., 2020).
Keywords: COVID-19, selenium status, virus pandemic, Russian Federation.
23
THE NECESSITY AND RELEVANCE OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF

ECOLOGICAL AND BIOGEOCHEMICAL RESEARCH IN THE LIGHT OF
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INDUSTRY 4.0 PROJECT
Academician William Sarian1, Prof. Dr. Vadim Ermakov2

1FSUE Scientific Research Institute of Radio, Moscow, Russia
The present information systems have entered in all spheres of life. The development of
digital technologies opens up a huge range of opportunities in scientific research.
Digitalization involves the following actions: constant real-time monitoring of the processes
under study, recording in real time and transmitting this data to the center, extracting
knowledge (expert that, including predicative knowledge), transmitting the obtained expert
data to subscribers. The range of subscribers-recipients can be very wide - from a single
coordination and analytical center of the country to a mass subscriber of an individualized
service for managing his rescue in the event of emergencies. Obtaining this information in
real time is necessary to remove uncertainty in decision - making, especially in critical
situations. As our experiments and studies have shown, in order to implement this actual
task, it is necessary to have an ICT specialist and a specialist in the selection or development
of adequate measuring equipment as part of any field expedition. The start of digital
transformation of ecological and biogeochemical research was launched in 2014. At the
initiative of the author of this report, an interdisciplinary team began to form in Moscow, which
for the first time raised the question of the need to supplement traditional biogeochemical,
including field, studies with adequate measuring equipment and a system for transmitting the
obtained data in real time to the center. Currently, our team has already acquired the status
of an international one and unites scientists from various scientific institutions in Russia,
Kyrgyzstan and Serbia. Currently, the Russian Academy of Sciences "has created the
UniHUB technology platform, which provides the ability to create various web services from
the infrastructure level to the application level in the concept of "cloud computing" and
integrate these services within a single web environment. joint operation educational,
research and production activities. The platform is implemented in the data processing center
of the Russian Academy of Sciences and several web-laboratories (in particular, the
laboratories of continuum mechanics and system programming operate on its basis). In our
opinion, this platform is ideally suited for the tasks of the environmental and biogeochemical
research. The use of the UniHUB technology platform for solving problems in the field of
natural and other sciences significantly accelerates the process of digital transformation of
biogeochemical research and creates a truly wide range for the development of
interdisciplinary research. In order to fit into the process of digital transformation, researchers
need to clearly determine in advance what types of measuring equipment are needed (the
parameters of this equipment) and the conditions for continuous monitoring, and what are the
requirements for the ICS that provides automated transmission of measured information. And
this data should be transmitted to a single platform by specialization.
Thus, the digital transformation of biogeochemical and ecological research takes on a state-
owned sound and will require adjustments to the staffing of scientific organizations
conducting biogeochemical research. That is, the requirements for the measurements to be
carried out should change, since in addition to the "subject matter" scientists, a specialist in
digital transformation should be included in the composition of the expedition and field teams.
Keywords: ecological and biogeochemical research, digital transformation, information

technology, UniHUB technology platform, international biogeochemical center.
24
ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POPULATION HEALTH AND THE

BIOGEOCHEMICAL CONDITIONS OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Dr. Marina Kapitalchuk1, Ecaterina Melnicenco2, Irina Popodneac1

1V. Shevchenko State University of Pridnestrovie, Tiraspol, Pridnestrovie, Moldova
2Public Association EcoContact, Chisinau, Moldova
Health is understood as a state of the body in which physiological processes usually occur
normally in the absence of illness or malaise. There is a concept of individual health and
population health. The health level of the population is expressed in terms of morbidity and
mortality, and average life expectancy. Morbidity, survival, and mortality depend on the
immunity of the population. The health of the population and the immunity of the population
depends on many factors: environmental, social and economic. One of the most significant
environmental factors is the biogeochemical living conditions of the population. The COVID-
19 pandemic has swept the world. However, the number of reported cases of infected of the
SARS-CoV it differs significantly in different countries. From the statistics for February 28,
2021, it follows that the number of infected people per 1 million varies from single digits, for
example, Laos (6), Tanzania (8) to hundreds of thousands, for example, Montenegro
(120,000), Andorra (140,000). There is evidence that there is a correlation between the
selenium and zinc content of the population and the incidence of COVID-19. The territory of
Moldova can be classified as a biogeochemical province with an optimal content of selenium
in the environment. In Pridnestrovie, there are data on the increased content of selenium in
the body of animals and humans. But there is not enough zinc in the ecosystems of
Moldova. According to our data, there are low concentrations of zinc in animal and human
biomaterials. The number of infected people in Moldova is 1 million more (46,044) than in
neighboring Ukraine (30,943) and Russia (29,088), but closer to these figures in Romania
(41,874). If we compare the number of deaths to the number of infected people, these
indicators for Moldova (2.1), Russia (2.0) and Ukraine (1.9) will do have near-values. The
provision of the population with vital elements, such as selenium and zinc, is certainly an
important condition and indicator of the health of the population. However, the health of the
population and the immunity of the population are also strongly influenced by other factors,
such as the presence of persistent organic pollutants in the environment, such as pesticides.
Moldova is a state with a developed agriculture, and in Soviet times, pesticides were
imported to this territory in quantities that overcame the needs. Of the eight organochlorine
pesticides banned by the Stockholm Convention (in 2001), only one endrin was not used in
Moldova. After the ban on the use of DDT-pesticides in 1978, more than 600 tons of this
hazardous pollutant remained in Moldova. All persistent organic pollutants are very stable in
the environment and cause a number of diseases, primarily weakening the immunity of the
population. Projects for reducing the risks from obsolete pesticides have been implemented
in Moldova starting in recent decades, when the obsolete stocks were taken out of the
country for incineration and the hazardous substances, such as soils, construction materials
isolated to prevent access to them. The mass use of organochlorine pesticides in Moldova
has significantly affected the health of the population. Thus, even though the people of
Moldova is provided with the vital element selenium, the incidence is significantly higher
than in regions with selenium deficiency. For the normal functioning of living organisms, the
ratio of vital elements and the absence of dangerous pollutants is essential. It remains
important to identify the ratio of biogenic elements in the human body, which increases the
health of the population and the body's resistance to infectious diseases.
Keywords: health, morbidity, biogeochemical conditions, selenium, zinc, pesticides.

25
THE IMPACT OF THE PANDEMIC ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS IN

THE WORLD
Asst. prof. Dr. Ozren Uzelac
University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Economics in Subotica, Subotica, Serbia
The global economy is facing a strong negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic,
the consequences of which will only be more visible in the coming period. Analyzes of
economic indicators from the beginning of 2020 confirm the concerns for the
sustainability of entire national economies, and especially for certain economic
sectors. Economic trends caused by the influence COVID-19 is significantly different
from the period of the global economic crisis in 2008. The main differences relate to
the level and intensity of the impact on production, trade and services due to limited
demand in different markets. The pandemic has affected the multiple reduction of
revenues in the tourism sector, catering, as well as the sector of organization of
sports and art events. In contrast, positive impacts have been reported on e-
commerce, as well as the pharmaceutical industry, the protective and medical
equipment industry, and the chemical industry.
The impact of the pandemic is not unequivocal on different continents, countries and
regions. The focus of the research will be on the analysis of the economic impact on
all continents and the most important regions. The economies of the Middle East and
North Africa depend heavily on oil and gas exports. The pandemic affected the
demand for oil, which led to a drop in the price of crude oil per barrel. It is estimated
that the decline in Australia's GDP is greater than 15%, which puts before the
creators of the macroeconomic policy of that country the requirements for the
application of interventionist measures in order to mitigate the consequences on the
labor market, consumption and investments. In the United States, the effects of the
crisis have particularly affected the small business sector, which employs about half
of the workers in the private sector, as their incomes have fallen by more than 20%.
The countries of Latin America and the Caribbean were hit by a pandemic at the time
of the lowest economic growth (0.2% in the period 2010-2019) since World War II.
The economies of these countries are also significantly affected by the economic
slowdown caused by the pandemic in the United States, and the recovery of tourism
will depend on how and when the borders around the world will be opened.
The assessment of the impact of the pandemic in Asia, due to its size and differences
in the structure of economies, cannot be sublimated, but it is necessary to partially
observe the impact by countries and regions. In countries that have experienced a
pandemic from the position of the fastest growing economies, a sharp slowdown is
noticeable (China, India), and advanced economies are experiencing a significant
decline (Japan and South Korea), while the greatest negative impact is shown in
developing countries, especially those that rely on exports and tourism. COVID-19
has also led to high GDP declines in the European Union, with the presence of
significant regional variations, compared to an average GDP decline of 6.44%,
according to Eurostat.
Keywords: COVID-19, pandemic, global economy, GDP, interventionist measures.
26
UTICAJ PANDEMIJE NA EKONOMSKA KRETANJA U SVETU
Doc. Dr. Ozren Uzelac
Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Ekonomski fakultet u Subotici, Subotica, Srbija
Globalna ekonomija se suočava sa snažnim negativnim uticajem pandemije COVID-

19, a čije će posledice tek biti vidljivije u narednom periodu. Analize ekonomskih
pokazatelja od početka 2020. godine potvrđuju zabrinutost za održivost celokupnih
nacionalnih ekonomija, a posebno za određene privredne sektore. Ekonomska
kretanja izazvana uticajem COVID-19 se značajno razlikuju u odnosu na period
globalne ekonomske krize 2008. godine. Osnovne razlike se odnose na nivo i
intenzitet uticaja na proizvodnju, trgovinu i usluge usled ograničenja tražnje na
različitim tržištima. Pandemija je uticala na višestruko smanjenje prihoda u turističkom
sektoru, ugostiteljstvu, kao i sektoru organizacije sportskih i umetničkih događaja.
Nasuprot tome, zabeleženi su pozitivni uticaji na elektronsku trgovinu, kao i
farmaceutsku industriju, industriju zaštitne i medicinske opreme i hemijsku industriju.
Uticaj pandemije nije jednoznačan na različitim kontinentima, državama i regionima.
Fokus u istraživanju usmeren je na analizu ekonomskog uticaja na svim kontinentima
i najznačajnijim regionima. Privrede zemalja Bliskog Istoka i Severne Afrike
umnogome zavise od izvoza nafte i gasa. Pandemija je uticala na smanjenje tražnje
za naftom, što je dovelo do pada cene sirove nafte po barelu. Procenjuje se da je pad
BDP-a Australije veći od 15%, što pred kreatore makroekonomske politike te zemlje
postavlja zahteve za primenu intervencionističkih mera radi ublažavanja posledica na
tržištu rada, potrošnji i investicijama. U SAD efekti krize su posebno pogodili sektor
malih preduzeća, koji zapošljava oko polovine radnika u privatnom sektoru, jer su im
prihodi opali za više od 20%. Zemlje Latinske Amerike i Kariba je pandemija zadesila
u vreme najnižeg ekonomskog rasta (0,2% u periodu 2010-2019. godine) još od II
svetskog rata. Na privredu ovih država značajno utiče i ekonomsko usporavanje
izazvano pandemijom u SAD, a oporavak turizma će zavisiti od toga kako i kada će
biti otvorene granice širom sveta.
Procenu uticaja pandemije u Aziji, zbog njene veličine i razlika u strukturi privreda nije
moguće sublimirati, već je neophodno parcijalno promatranje uticaja po državama i
regionima. Kod država koje su pandemiju dočekale sa pozicije najbrže rastućih
ekonomija primetno je naglo usporavanje, a napredne ekonomije doživljavaju
značajan pad (Japan i Južna Koreja), dok je najveći negativan uticaj ispoljen kod
zemalja u razvoju, posebno onih koje se oslanjaju na izvoz i turizam. COVID-19 je
doveo i do visokih padova BDP-a u Evropskoj uniji, uz prisustvo osetnih varijacija po
regionima, u odnosu na prosečan pad BDP-a u visini od 6,44%, prema Eurostat-u.
Ključne reči: COVID-19, pandemija, globalna ekonomija, BDP, intervencionističke

mere.
27
THE ROLE OF INNOVATIONS IN TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS

IN THE IV INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION DURING THE PANDEMIC
prof. dr Mario Lukinović¹, emeritus prof. dr Larisa Jovanović²
¹Union University, Faculty of Law, Belgrade, Serbia

²ALFA BK University, Belgrade, Serbia
After three industrial revolutions, we are witnessing the fourth, which is "a fusion of
technologies that is blurring the lines between the physical, digital and biological
spheres." Each of the industrial revolutions, due to technological progress, led to a
change in life and all other forms of activity that has become so far. From the
discovery of fire to the conquest of the universe, innovation has always been a step
forward in the social and scientific evolution of man, from a frightened ancestor who
explained everything around him with myth and religion, to a science so accelerated
today that its progress is unpredictable. The name Industry 4.0 originated in Germany
about ten years ago, when it was noticed that the level of innovation is high, but that
digitalization and networking do not follow this trend to a sufficient extent.
One of the key changes related to further steps in the fourth industrial revolution is
the expectation that further economic development will no longer depend on natural
resources, which humanity, encouraged by previous technological progress, has
been relentlessly consuming.
From economic colonialism based on the exploitation of mineral resources, through
the race to attract "chimneys", to the race for innovative advantages, the world has
reached incredible speed, while previous industrial revolutions took about a hundred
years, this one took half the time. However, the connection caused by globalization
and other modern trends bring with it other challenges. The increase in the number of
invasive species due to global trade (unintentional introduction of plant and animal
species into other habitats), leads to the loss of biodiversity and extinction of certain
species, which is one of the greatest modern challenges of nature protection. Great
natural disasters, global warming, and especially pandemics, will direct the epoch
before us, and the task of innovators and inventors is how to respond to these
challenges in the most painless way and at the lowest possible price. Inventors
throughout history have often drawn their innovation out of necessity (e.g., to stop the
spread of disease due to poor sanitation in the midle-19th century, the need for a new
sewage system emerged), and the unusually rapid invention of vaccines gave hope
that the challenges ahead would boost for inventors. The world is accelerating, and
innovation is the fuel of that acceleration (in application of innovative technologies,
specialy).
Keywords: innovations, IV industrial revolution, acceleration, inventions, Industry 4.0.
28
ULOGA INOVACIJA U TEHNOLOŠKOM NAPRETKU U

IV INDUSTRIJSKOJ REVOLUCIJI TOKOM PANDEMIJE
prof. dr Mario Lukinović¹, emeritus prof. dr Larisa Jovanović²
¹Univerzitet Union, Pravni fakultet, Beograd, Srbija

²ALFA BK Univerzitet, Beograd, Srbija
Nakon tri industrijske revolucije, svedočimo četvrtoj koja je „fuzija tehnologija koje
brišu granice između fizičkog, digitalnog i biološkog“.(prema mišljenju Klausa Švabe).
Svaka od industrijskih revolucija je usled tehnološkog napretka dovela do promene
života i svih drugih oblika delatnosti koji su do tada postajali. Od pronalaska vatre do
osvajanja vasione, inovacije su uvek bile korak napred u društvenoj i naučnoj evoluciji
čoveka, od uplašenog pretka koji je sve oko sebe objašnjavao mitami i religijom, do
nauke koja je danas toliko ubrzana da je njen napredak nepredvidiv. Naziv Industrija
4.0 je nastao u Nemačkoj pre desetak godina kada je i uočeno da je nivo
inovativnosti visok, ali da digitalizacija i umrežavanje taj trend ne prate u dovoljnoj
meri.
Jedna od ključnih promena koja se odnosi na dalje korake u četvrtoj industrijskoj
revoluciji je očekivanje da dalji privredni razvoj neće više zavisiti od prirodnih resursa,
koje je čovečanstvo podstaknuto prethodnim tehnološkim napretkom nemilice trošilo.
Od privrednog kolonijalizma zasnovanog na eksploataciji rudnih bogatstava, preko
trke u privlačenju svih prirodnih resursa, do trke za inovacionim prednostima, svet je
stigao neverovatnom brzinom. Dok je za prethodne industrijske revolucije bilo
potrebno oko sto godina, do ove se došlo za upola manje vremena. Međutim,
povezivanje izazvano globalizacijom i drugi savremeni trendovi nose sa sobom i
druge izazove. Porast broja invanzivnih vrsta usled globalne trgovine (nenamernim
unošenjem biljnih i životinjskih vrsta u druga staništa), dovodi do gubitka
biodiverziteta i izumiranja određenih vrsta, što je jedan od najvećih savremenih
izazova zaštite prirode. Velike i visokofrekventne elementarne nepogode, globalno
zagrevanje, a posebno pandemije, usmeravaće našu epohu, a zadatak inovatora i
pronalazača je kako da čovečanstvo na najbezbolniji način i uz najmanju moguću
cenu odgovori tim izazovima. Pronalazači su svoju inovativnost kroz istoriju često
crpeli iz potrebe (npr. kako bi se zaustavilo širenje bolesti usled loših sanitarnih
uslova sredinom XIX veka, ukazala se potreba za novim kanalizacionim sistemom),
neuobičajeno brz pronalazak vakcina protiv COVID-19 uliva nadu, da će i predstojeći
izazovi biti podstrek za pronalazače. Svet se ubrzava u svom razvoju, a inovacije su
gorivo tog ubrzanja, pogotovu u primeni inovativnih tehnologija.
Ključne reči: inovacije, IV industrijska revolucija, akseleracija, pronalasci, Industrija

4.0.
29
IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON TOURIST TRAFFIC IN THE REPUBLIC OF

SERBIA
prof. dr Marijana Joksimović1, prof. dr Stevica Deđanski2
1Alfa BK University, Faculty of Finances, Banking and Audit, Belgrade, Serbia

2Ministry of Mining and Energy of Republic of Serbia, President of Center for the
Development of International Cooperation, Serbia
The pandemic caused by the Covid-19 , declared in 2020 by the World Health
Organization, has a very big impact on tourist traffic, like in the Republic of Serbia
and around the world. It used to be inconceivable that one virus could paralyze the
world, but we are witnessing the Lockdown of many countries which has led to a
drastic reduction in tourism revenues, like in the Republic of Serbia and around the
world. The authors in the paper research the impact of Covid-19 on tourist traffic in
the Republic of Serbia. In order to draw adequate conclusions, the data used in the
paper are the official data of the World Health Organization (WHO), as well as the
Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia (SORS). The time series used in the paper
include data relating to the period from 2019 to 2020. All data used from 2019 to 2020
in the paper are monthly. A comparison of data related to the period from December
2019 to December 2020 was made.
The authors started from the available data available at the Statistical Office of the
Republic of Serbia and gave an overview of tourist arrivals and overnight stays in the
Republic of Serbia, in the period December 2019-December 2020. Also, they gave an
overview of the arrivals and overnight stays of foreign tourists in the Republic of
Serbia, by the countries they come from, in the period December 2019-December
2020. In addition to the aforementioned data, they also presented the number of
overnight stays of domestic and foreign tourists in the Republic of Serbia, in the
observed period.
Based on the data presented in the paper, the authors came to the conclusion that
Covid-19 influenced the decrease in the number of foreign tourists, and on the other
hand, it influenced the increase of domestic tourists in the Republic of Serbia.
Keywords: Covid-19, Tourist traffic, Tourism, Economy, World Health Organization

(WHO), Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia (RZZS).
30
UTICAJ COVID-19 NA TURISTIČKI PROMET U REPUBLICI SRBIJI
prof. dr Marijana Joksimović1, prof. dr Stevica Deđanski2
1Alfa BK Univerzitet, Fakultet za finansije, bankarstvo i reviziju, Beograd, Srbija

2Državni sekretar, Ministartvo rudarstva i energetike Republike Srbije, predsednik
Centra za razvoj međunarodne saradnje, Srbija
Pandemija Covid-19, proglašena 2020. godine od strane Svetske zdravstvene

organizacije, ima veoma veliki uticaj na turistički promet, kako u Republici Srbiji, tako i
širom sveta. Nekada je nezamislivo bilo, da jedan virus može da parališe svet, ali
svedoci smo Lokdaun-a mnogih zemalja koji je doveo do drastičnog smanjenja
prihoda od turizma, kako u Srbiji, tako i širom sveta. Autori u radu proučavaju uticaj
pandemije Covid-19 na turistički promet u Republici Srbiji. Da bi se izveli adekvatni
zaključci, u radu su korišćeni zvanični podaci Svetske zdravstvene organizacije
(SZO), kao i Zavoda za statistiku Republike Srbije (RZZS). Vremenske serije
korišćene u radu obuhvataju podatke koji se odnose na period od 2019. do 2020.
godine. Svi korišćeni podaci od 2019. do 2020. godine u radu su mesečni.
Napravljena je komparacija podataka koji se odnose na period od decembra 2019. do
decembra 2020. godine.
Autori su u radu pošli od raspoloživih podataka dostupnih u Zavodu za statistiku
Republike Srbije i dali prikaz dolazaka i noćenja turista u Republici Srbiji, u periodu
decembar 2019 - decembar 2020 godine. Takođe, autori su dali prikaz dolazaka i
noćenja stranih turista u Republici Srbiji, po zemljama iz kojih dolaze, u periodu
decembar 2019 - decembar 2020 godine. Pored napred pomenutih podataka
predstavljeni su i podaci o broju noćenja domaćih i stranih turista u Republici Srbiji, u
posmatranom periodu.
Na osnovu podataka predstavljenih u radu, autori su došli do zaključka da je Covid-
19 uticao na smanjenje broja stranih turista, a sa druge strane, uticao je na porast
domaćih turista u Republici Srbiji.
Ključne reči: Covid-19, turištički promet, turizam, ekonomija, Svetska zdravstvena

organizacija (SZO), Zavod za statistiku Republike Srbije (RZZS).
31
COVID-19 AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
dr Antoaneta Vassileva1, dr Milica Simić2

1University of National and World Economy, Department of International Economic
Relations and Business, Sofia, Bulgaria
2Alfa BK University, Faculty of Finances, Banking and Audit, Belgrade, Serbia
The pandemic COVID-19 which started in 2019 has a dramatic influence on the
global economic activity – disrupting of industrial production, decrease of
merchandise trade and services, derailing economic growth, financial market
volatility, shrinking of the global supply chains, limiting the traveling and last but not
least, reduction of income of people and rising insecurity. The slowdown of the world
economy has a direct impact on the sustainable development and reaching the goals
of the Agenda 2030.
The pandemic presents both an enormous challenge and new opportunities, it may
affect positively or delay the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals
(SDGs). In order to recover from this crisis stronger and launch a new path towards
economic revival the international organizations have undertaken a number of
measures to combat the coronavirus pandemic. The UN has mobilized the full
capacity of the UN system through its 131 country teams serving 162 countries and
territories, to support national authorities in developing public health preparedness
and response plans to the COVID-19 crisis. The UN estimates that “a multilateral
response of about 10% of global GDP will be needed”. The economic policy of the
governments of the affected countries was directed to mitigation of the negative
effects and adoption of fiscal and monetary stimuli. The EU and the US have already
announced tremendous financial packages to help the economies of their countries,
and many other developed nations are following similar steps. The governments of
many countries undertook unpopular measures which appeared to be “the new
normality”. However, developing countries may not afford financial stimuli due to their
very high debt levels. Rich and poor, the pandemic has forced all the people to
reconsider almost every aspect of their life.
The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on
sustainable development. It examines its implications in a global economic context
and answers the question whether it is a threat in reaching the SDGs. The attention is
focused on the response of the UN and the measures for combating the pandemic.
The authors assign priority to the key messages from the Financing for Sustainable
Development Report 2020 of the UN and the targeted areas and actions to promote
stability. The opportunities and mechanisms for a green recovery of the economy
have been discussed. An emphasis is put on the EU Green Deal as a roadmap to
sustainable development. The paper has a standard structure, the methodology is
based on desk research, i.e. a survey of specialized literature, papers and documents
of the UN, UNDP, UNIDO, OECD, EC, as well as quantitative evaluation of statistical
information and analysis of the current world trends.
Keywords: COVID-19, sustainable development, SDGs, Green Deal, green recovery.
32
COVID-19 I ODRŽIVI RAZVOJ
dr Antoaneta Vassileva1, dr Milica Simić2

1Univerzitetza nacionalnu i svetsku ekonomiju, Departman za međunarodne
ekonomske odnose i poslovanje, Sofija, Bugarska
2Alfa BK Univerzitet, Fakultet za finansije, bankarstvo i reviziju, Beograd, Srbija
Pandemija COVID-19 koja je započela 2019. godine ima dramatičan uticaj na

globalnu ekonomsku aktivnost - poremećaj industrijske proizvodnje, smanjenje
trgovine robama i uslugama, pad ekonomskog rasta, nestabilnost finansijskog tržišta,
skraćivanje globalnih lanaca snabdevanja, ograničavanje putovanja i poslednje, ali ne
najmanje važno, smanjenje ličnog dohotka stanovništva i rastuća nesigurnost.
Usporavanje svetske ekonomije ima direktan uticaj na održivi razvoj i dostizanje
ciljeva Agende 2030.
Pandemija predstavlja ogroman izazov i nove mogućnosti, može pozitivno uticati ili
odložiti postizanje ciljeva održivog razvoja (SDG). Da bi se snažnije oporavile od ove
krize i pokrenule novi put ka ekonomskom oživljavanju, međunarodne organizacije su
preduzele niz mera u borbi protiv pandemije koronavirusa. UN su mobilizirale puni
kapacitet sistema UN-a preko svog tima iz 131 zemlje koji opslužuju 162 zemlje i
teritorije, kako bi podržale nacionalne vlasti u razvoju planova spremnosti javnog
zdravlja i odgovora na pandemiju COVID-19. UN procenjuju da će „biti potreban
multilateralni odgovor od oko 10% globalnog BDP-a“. Ekonomska politika vlada
pogođenih zemalja bila je usmerena na ublažavanje negativnih efekata i usvajanje
fiskalnih i monetarnih podsticaja. EU i SAD su već najavile ogromne finansijske
pakete za pomoć ekonomijama svojih zemalja, a mnoge druge razvijene države slede
slične korake. Vlade mnogih zemalja preduzele su nepopularne mere koje su
izgledale kao „nova normalnost“.
Međutim, zemlje u razvoju možda neće priuštiti finansijske podsticaje zbog vrlo
visokog nivoa duga. Pandemija je primorala sve ljude – bogate i siromašne - da
preispitaju gotovo svaki aspekt svog života.
Svrha ovog rada je da analizira uticaj COVID-19 na održivi razvoj. Istraživanje ispituje
njegove implikacije u globalnom ekonomskom kontekstu i odgovara na pitanje da li
predstavlja pretnju u postizanju ciljeva održivog razvoja. Pažnja je usmerena na
odgovor UN-a i mere za borbu protiv pandemije koronavirusa. Autori daju prioritet
ključnim porukama iz Izveštaja UN o finansiranju održivog razvoja 2020. i ciljanim
oblastima i akcijama za promociju stabilnosti. Analiziraju se mogućnosti i mehanizmi
za zelenu obnovu ekonomije. Akcenat je stavljen na Zeleni sporazum EU kao
putokaz za održivi razvoj. Rad ima standardnu strukturu, metodologija se zasniva na
desk istraživanju, odnosno istraživanju specijalizovane literature, radova i
dokumenata UN-a, UNDP-a, UNIDO-a, OECD-a, EK, kao i kvantitativnoj proceni
statističkih podataka i analizi trenutnih svetskih trendova.
Ključne reči: COVID-19, održivi razvoj, ciljevi održivog razvoja, Zeleni sporazum,
zelena obnova ekonomije.
33
THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON THE WORK OF NATIONAL OLYMPIC

COMMITTEES
Prof. dr Violeta Šiljak
European Center for Peace and Development, UN University for Peace, Belgrade, Serbia
The appearance and presence of the COVID-19 pandemic has necessarily imposed changes
in all segments of human life globally. Restrictive and preventive measures have multiplied
affected sports. However, in order for sports activities and sporting events not to be abolished,
sports organizations had to respond quickly to this challenge and find solutions and recom-
mendations for their maintenance in accordance with the situation in the world. The pyramidal
hierarchy of world sports organizations in terms of importance leads to the fact that the
Olympic Movement as a phenomenon consists of the International Olympic Committee,
International sports organizations and National Olympic Committees. Although the Internat-
ional Olympic Committee's primary responsibility is to oversee the organization of the Olympic
Games, the role and importance of this sports organization is much broader and more
important for sport, guided by the fundamental principles of Olympism - from promoting ethics
and good governance in sports, educating young people through sports, competitions without
violence, to support the improvement of the position of women in sports, the fight against
doping, measures to protect the health of athletes, etc. The global functioning of sports
activities and sporting events requires coordinated cooperation of all entities of the Olympic
Movement in accordance with their competencies. Each branch international sports
association is responsible for verifying the achieved qualification norms of athletes in their
sport. This is important due to the more harmonized application of preventive measures for the
protection of athletes during the organization and holding of sports events.
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the organizing of the Olympic Games in Tokyo was
postponed for this year (2021), although it will take place under the name Tokyo 2020, a large
number of questions have arisen regarding the organizational part of holding the largest
sporting event in the world. The Organizing Committee of the Tokyo Games in agreement with
the International Olympic Committee confirmed this year's Olympic Games, although the
results of last year's survey conducted among Japanese citizens to express their views on the
Tokyo Olympic Games showed that over 70% of them were against Games. Certainly, these
Olympic Games will be specific due to the holding during the COVID-19 pandemic and the
numerous accompanying protocols that are inevitable for the safety of the health of the
athletes themselves and other sports workers. Starting from the fact that over two hundred
National Olympic Committees are members of the International Olympic Committee, the
question of the activities of the National Olympic committees arose, which led to the subject of
work related to the engagement of National Olympic Committees in order to protect athletes
who qualified for the Olympic games in Tokyo as well as their coaches and other
accompanying sports workers. As the approach to solving the problem of the COVID-19
pandemic differs from country to country, the aim of the paper was to determine the extent to
which the National Olympic Committees were engaged to implement measures to protect the
health of athletes based on transparent data.
The results can be indicators of the weakness of National Olympic Committees that should be
more engaged in the segment of protection of their athletes or poor transparency of data,
which may result in insufficient information of other athletes because in accordance with the
principles of the International Olympic Committee, the role of National Olympic Committees
also refers to the education of athletes, in this case, to health education.
Keywords: COVID-19, athletes, safety, National Olympic Committees.

34
UTICAJ COVID-19 NA RAD NACIONALNIH OLIMPIJSKIH KOMITETA
Prof. dr Violeta Šiljak
Evropski centar za mir i razvoj Univerziteta za mir UN, Beograd, Srbija
Pojava i prisustvo pandemije COVID-19 je nužno nametnulo izmene u svim segmentima

života ljudi na globalnom nivou. Restriktivne i preventivne mere su višestruko uticale na
bavljenje sportom. Međutim, da sportske aktivnosti i sportski događaji ne bi bili ukinuti,
sportske organizacije su morale brzo da odgovore na ovaj izazov i da u skladu sa
situacijom u svetu iznađu rešenja i preporuke za njihovo održavanje. Piramidalnom
hijerarhijom svetskih sportskih organizacija po značajnosti, dolazi se do činjenice da
Olimpijski pokret kao fenomen čine Međunarodni olimpijski komitet, međunarodne
sportske organizacije i nacionalni olimpijski komiiteti. Iako je prevashodna odgovornost
Međunarodnog olimpijskog komiteta nadgledanje organizacije Olimpijskih igara, uloga i
značaj ove sportske organizacije su mnogo šireg i značajnijega karaktera za sport vodeći
se fundamentalnim principima olimpizma - od podsticanja etike i dobrog upravljanja u
sportu, obrazovanja mladih kroz bavljenje sportom, podržavanja fer plej takmičenja bez
nasilja, pa do podrške unapređenju položaja žena u sportu, borbe protiv dopinga, mera
zaštite zdravlja sportista i dr. Za globalno funkcionisanje sportskih aktivnosti i sportskih
događaja neophodna je usklađena saradnja svih entiteta Olimpijskog pokreta u skladu sa
njihovim nadležnostima. Svaka granska međunarodna sportska asocijacija je nadležna za
verifikovanje ostvarenih kvalifikacionih normi sportista u svom sportu. Ovo je značajno iz
razloga što usklađenijeg primenjivanja preventivnih mera zaštite sportista tokom
organizovanja i održavanja sportskih događaja.
Kako se zbog pandemije COVID-19 održavanje Olimpijskih igara u Tokiu odložilo za ovu
godinu (2021), iako će se odvijati pod nazivom Tokio 2020, nametnuo se veliki broj pitanja
koji se tiču organizacionog dela održavanja najvećeg sportskog događaja na svetu.
Organizacioni komitet Igara u Tokiu u dogovoru sa Međunarodnim olimpijskim komitetom
potvrdio je ovogodišnje održavanje Olimpijskih igara, iako su rezultati prošlogodišnje
ankete koja je sprovedena među građanima Japana da izraze svoj stav o održavanju
Olimpijskih igara u Tokiu pokazali da je čak preko 70% njih bilo protiv održavanja Igara.
Svakako da će ove Olimpijske igre biti specifične zbog održavanja u doba pandemije
COVID-19 i mnogobrojnih pratećih protokola neizbežnih radi sigurnosti zdravlja samih
sportista i ostalih sportskih radnika. Polazeći od činjenice da je u Međunarodni olimpijski
komitet učlanjeno preko dve stotine nacionalnih olimpijskuh komiteta nametnulo se pitanje
aktivnosti nacionalnih olimpijskih komiteta, što je dovelo do predmeta rada koji se odnosi
na angažovanje nacionalnih olimpijskih komiteta u cilju zaštite sportista koji su se
kvalifikovali za učešće na Olimpijskim igrama u Tokiu kao i njihovih trenera i drugih
pratećih sportskih radnika. Kako se pristup rešavanju problema pandemije COVID-19
razlikuje po državama, to je cilj rada bio da se utvrdi u kom obimu su se nacionalni
olimpijski komiteti angažovali radi primene mera zaštite zdravlja sportista na osnovu
transparentnih podataka.
Rezultati rada mogu da budu pokazatelji slabosti nacionalnih komiteta koji bi trebalo da se
više angažuju u segmentu zaštite svojih sportista ili slabe transparentnosti podataka, što
kao posledicu može da ima nedovoljnu informisanost drugih sportista jer u skladu sa
načelima Međunarodnog olimpijskog komiteta, uloga nacionalnih olimpijskih komiteta se
odnosi i na edukaciju sportista, u ovom slučaju, na zdravstvenu edukaciju.
Ključne reči: COVID-19, sportisti, bezbednost, nacionalni olimpijski komiteti.
35
MOBILITY OF METALS IN THE SOIL AND VEGETABLE COMPLEX OF

NATURAL AND TECHNOGENIC ANOMALIES
Alexander Degtyarev, Uliana Gulyaeva, Valentina Danilova,

Dr. Sergey Tyutikov, Prof. Dr. Vadim Ermakov
Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry, RAS, Moscow, Russia
Researches on geochemical plant ecology were carried out on traditional

biogeochemical scheme including complex research and sampling of soils and plants
on stationary points in during 2019-2020. The special attention was paid to ecological
assessment of mountain meadow ecosystems of the Unal hollow (Republic of North
Ossetia - Alania). In soils applied widely used technique of consecutive fractionation
in which the 1st fraction (1 M of MgCl2) corresponds to exchange forms, the 2nd
fraction (0,1 M sodium acetate, pH=5,0) - to the taken carbonates, the 3rd fraction -
connected with Fe and Mn oxides, and the 4th fraction - Me connected with organic
matter to assessment of degree of mobility of Me. The analysis of soils showed the
high content of metals in urbozems and pulp around the Unalsky tailings dam. At the
same time, it should be noted that practically in all soils metals and arsenic prevail in
the upper horizons. Apparently, this phenomenon is connected with tailings dam pulp
deflation. On the level of content of lead, zinc and copper in pulp the considered
tailings dam can be carried to the man-made field. The main share of heavy metals in
soils of technogenic zone is in rather strongly connected state, except cadmium. In
the soils which are under influence Unal hollow the greatest number of the mobile Cd
connections is noted that provides migration of this element on adjacent habitats,
especially in flood plain soils. Floristic inspection of experimental sites showed
noticeable decrease in number of manned species of plants on the man-made sites.
Also, general biomass of hay crop with 1 sq.m decreased. In the soils which are
under the influence of the Unal tailings dam the greatest number of the mobile Cd
connections is noted that provides migration of this element on adjacent habitats,
especially in flood plain soils. Long processes of production and processing of
polymetallic ores in the central part of the basin of the river Ardon, warehousing of
waste and their deflation, intake of metals with natural waters of the rivers contacting
to dumps and ore bodies led to steady forming of polymetallic biogeochemical
anomalies. Under the influence of natural and man-made factors there is local
increase in maintenance of Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn and As in soils and organisms in
comparison with conditionally background territories.
Keywords: mobility of metals, soils, plants, geochemical extreme territories
Supported by RFBR Grant No. 19-05-00054.
36
STUDYING PHYTOTOXICITY OF ECOTOXICANT MIXTURE THAT

CONTAINED MEMBRANOTROPIC COMPONENTS USING PHYTOTEST
WITH LENS CULINARIS
Xing Cai1, Prof. Dr. Sergei Ostroumov2

1Shenzhen-MSU-BIT-University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
2Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, Russian Federation
Studying new and emergent ecotoxicants, we made experiments on bioassay of

liquid detergents. The bioassay was made using plant seedlings Lens culinaris.
The detergent studied was liquid laundry detergent (LLD) “Blue Moon”, it was
manufactured by Blue Moon Group Co., Ltd. (Guangzhou, People's Republic of
China). The laundry detergent mixture contains synthetic surfactants which are
membranotropic chemicals. We studied the responses of Lens culinaris seeds and
seedlings to the LLD test solution within 96-h timescale of exposure. 90 seeds and
seedlings were used to test each of the concentrations. The solutions of the
detergents were prepared using ultrapure water. The ultrapure water was obtained
using Heal Force Water Purification System (Canrex Analytic Instrument Co., Ltd,
Shanghai, China). All the seedlings were incubated in the dark at 20.0±1.5 °C.
The results demonstrated that the detergent test have some phytotoxic effects on the
seedlings of the biological species studied. It is seen from the table that the
concentrations 0.1-0.5 % produced noticeable inhibitory effects of the root elongation,
at these concentrations the average root length (n = 90) was less than 50% of that in
control. As for the concentration 1%, it was lethal to the plants, no root growth was
observed at this concentration.
The new data are in accord with the previous results of experiments conducted by
S.A. Ostroumov and co-authors, who studied other detergents on a variety of species
of higher plants. The results are useful to better assess environmental hazards of
chemical pollution of the environment by chemical products.
Keywords: phytotest, bioassay, detergents, plant seedlings, root elongation, Lens

culinaris, ecotoxicology, membranotropic chemicals.
37
ASPECTS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PREDICTIVE ANALYTICS (PA)

METHODS IN THE ECONOMY OF EMERGENCY SITUATIONS
Academician Villiam Sarian, Nadezhda Kozlova
FSUE Scientific Research Institute of Radio, Moscow, Russia
Currently, PA methods are widely and successfully implemented in industry,

especially in closed cycles. The main goal of PA is to "understand" the operation of
the equipment, predict its behavior in the event of any abnormal situations, develop
expert solutions for returning the equipment to normal operation, or develop a
recommendation for a decision maker (DM) (for example, an operator) to stop further
operation of the equipment
This goal is achieved by creating an information control system (ICS), consisting of a
real-time monitoring system of all stages of design, operation of equipment, data is
transmitted and accumulated in the database, expert knowledge is extracted from
these databases and their operational transfer is carried out. to automated feedback
systems and DM. Since there is little or no experimental data for rare abnormal
events, their development and possible damage are calculated mainly on the
developed models that are introduced into the ICS expert system.
Currently, the economy of emergency situations is focused exclusively on calculating
losses (costs, expenses) only for emergency situations with a higher probability of
occurrence. Using the ICS, you can significantly reduce the uncertainty of decision
making in the event of an emergency of any type of probability of occurrence. At the
same time, the efficiency of risk management is significantly increased and thereby
losses are reduced and the efficiency of funds invested in the creation of such a
control and management system increases. Thus, the economic efficiency of costly
measures for short-term, medium-term and long-term forecasts and unlikely (rare and
unique) emergencies through the use of predictive analytics methods can be
considered to be calculated using a unified methodology, Although it has been
experimentally proven in different industries that the costs of introducing PA methods
show greater economic efficiency, for the final decision on the introduction of PA
methods (that is, additional costs) in the emergency economy, it is advisable to test
this solution in practice. And the authors have such an opportunity when organizing a
pilot site for monitoring the tsunami in the Far East in 2021-2022.
Keywords: predictive analytics, economy of emergency situation, forecasts, economic
efficiency, PA methods.
38
НЕКОТОРЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ВНЕДРЕНИЯ МЕТОДОВ ПРЕДИКАТИВНОЙ

АНАЛИТИКИ В ЭКОНОМИКУ ЧС
академик НАН РА, профессор Вильям Карпович Сарьян,

Надежда Васильевна Козлова
ФГУП НИИР, Москва, РФ
В настоящее время методы предикативной аналитики (ПА) широко и успешно

внедряются в промышленности, особенно в замкнутых циклах. Основная цель
предикативной аналитики — это «понять» функционирование оборудования,
предсказать его поведение при возникновении любых возможных нештатных
ситуациях, выработать экспертные решения для возврата аппаратуры в штат-
ный режим или выработать рекомендация для лица принимающего решения
(ЛПР) (например, оператора) об остановке дальнейшей эксплуатации обору-
дования.
Достигается эта цель тем, что создается информационно-управленческая си-
стема (ИУС), состоящая из системы мониторинга в реальном режиме времени
всех этапов проектирования, эксплуатации оборудования , данные передаются
и накапливаются в БД, происходит извлечение из этих баз данных экспертных
знаний и осуществляется их оперативная передача к автоматизированным
системам обратной связи и ЛПР.
Так как для редких нештатных событий мало или вообще нет эксперименталь-
ных данных, то их развитие и возможный ущерб рассчитывается в основном на
разработанных моделях, которые вносятся в экспертную систему ИУС.
В настоящее время экономика ЧС сосредоточена исключительно на расчете
потерь (расходах, затратах) только для ЧС с большей вероятностью возникно-
вения. Использую ИУС можно существенно снизить неопределенность принятия
решений при возникновении ЧС любого типа вероятности возникновения. При
этом значительно повышается эффективность управления риском и тем самым
снижаются потери и повышается эффективность вложенных средств на созда-
ние такой системы контроля и управления. Таким образом, экономическая эф-
фективность затратных мер для краткосрочный среднесрочный и долгосрочный
прогнозы и маловероятные (редкие и уникальные) ЧС за счет использования
методов предикативной аналитики могут рассматриваться и рассчитываться по
единой методике,
Хотя в разных отраслях промышленности экспериментально доказано, что за-
траты на внедрение методов ПА показывают большую экономическую эффек-
тивность, для окончательного решения внедрения методов ПА (то есть допол-
нительных затрат) в экономику ЧС целесообразно проверить это решения на
практике. И такая возможность у авторов представляется при организации
опытного участка мониторинга за цунами на Дальнем Востоке в 2021-2022
годах.
Ключевые слова: предикативная аналитика, экономика чрезвычайных ситуаций,
прогнозы , экономическая еффективность , ПА метод
.
39
THE INFLUENCE OF THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION ON

EDUCATION DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Prof. dr Olja Munitlak Ivanović, Prof. dr Igor Stamenković

University in Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Geography, Tourism and
Hotel Management, Novi Sad, Serbia
The first and second industrial revolutions were focused on mechanization and automation of the
production process, and the third and fourth industrial revolutions were related to new knowledge in
the field of technique and technology and their application in the widest range of activities with as
many users as possible. As knowledge and its application increased with exponential growth, so the
time between each subsequent industrial revolution shortened, and achievements in the
technological field have the characteristics of a quantum leap. However, the essence of the
Industrial Revolution 4.0 is not in the set of new technologies, but in the integral transition to
completely new systems. Changes within the Industrial Revolution 4.0 lead to maximum robotization
in a large number of areas where the role of man is declining.
When it comes to the COVID-9 pandemic, it is an epidemic of global character that is accompanied
by huge economic costs, and the consequences cover all layers of society, regardless of the level of
income or social origin and position. In the new economic theory, the characteristics of events that
have these and similar characteristics are described as the “Black Swan” and “Gray Rhino”
phenomena. All areas of life, health, social, economic, political and educational systems have
changed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. All levels of education, primary, secondary and tertiary,
had to adapt to social distancing. However, the education system had to continue. Thanks to the
achievements of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, distance educational work has continued.
E-learning is one form of distance learning. In order for this type of learning to be possible, massive
internet coverage is necessary, a technology that is at a high level and is widely available. The
advantages of this type of education lie in the independence of space and time, the place and
tempo of learning, so the savings in time and costs are great. At the same time, it is possible to
educate a large number of pupils or students, which cannot be realized in classical teaching in a
limited space. This means that the costs related to the lecturers and the space are lower than they
would be if the classes took place in the classical way. All this leads to better vertical integration
between the education system and the labor market.
In this process of education, participants are separated by space and time, and it is necessary to
have two-way communication that facilitates education. Distance education requires the support of a
Learning Management System (LMS). It is about managing learning through a system of
standardized components for learning through a web portal or on the basis of an information system
that the educational institution already has. Interestingly, the 4th point of sustainable development in
the Education Agenda 2030 (World Educators Forum 2030) has already assumed more intensive
forms of education through strengthening and differentiating distance education.
Information tools that were available to teachers and students in the educational process are:
Microsoft Teams, Viber, ZOOM, e-mail, Google classroom, WhatsApp, Facebook, Skype and other
tools. In May 2020, the Institute for the Advancement of Education and Upbringing started a survey
on the success of the realization of distance education in specific epidemiological conditions in
Serbia. The results of this survey, which included an extremely extensive sample, showed that the
most used tools in education were: 1. Viber, 2. Google classroom, 3. e-mail, etc. Regardless of the
fact that lecturers and listeners encountered certain problems during the realization of the process,
great advantages were noticed thanks to the flexibility in learning through distance education. This
form of education was mostly the first time for educators and listeners to encounter this form of
teaching process. Given that the future lies in greater participation in distance learning, one of the
recommendations is to raise the digital competencies of lecturers and students.
Keywords: Industrial Revolution 4.0, pandemic, COVID-19, distance education, e-learning.
40
ULOGA ČETVRTE INDUSTRIJSKE REVOLUCIJE U OBRAZOVANJU NA

DALJINU TOKOM PANDEMIJE COVID-19
Prof. dr Olja Munitlak Ivanović, Prof. dr Igor Stamenković

Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Prirodno-matematički fakultet, Departman za geografiju,
turizam i hotelijerstvo, Novi Sad, Srbija
Prva i druga industrijska revolucija su bile okrenute ka mehanizaciji i automazitaciji procesa

proizvodnje, a treća i četvrta industrijska revolucija su se odnosile na nova saznanja u oblasti
tehnike i tehnologije i njihovu primenu u što širem spektru delatnosti sa što većim brojem korisnika.
Kako se znanje i njegova primena povećavala rastom za koji možemo reći da eksponencijalni, tako
se vreme između svake naredne industrijske revolucije skraćivalo, a dostignuća u tehnološkoj
oblasti imaju karakteristike kvantnog skoka. Ipak, suština industrijske revolucije 4.0 nije u skupu
novih tehnologija nego u integralnom prelasku na čitave nove sisteme. Promene u okviru
industrijske revolucije 4.0 vode ka maksimalnoj robotizaciji u velikom broju oblasti gde se uloga
čoveka smanjuje.
Kada je reč o pandemiji COVID-9, reč je o epidemiji globalnog karaktera koju prate ogromni
ekonomski troškovi a posledice obuhvataju sve slojeve društva bez obzira na visinu dohotka ili
socijalno poreklo i položaj. U novoj ekonomskoj teoriji, karakteristike događaja koji imaju ove i slične
karakteristike opisane su kao fenomeni “Crni labud” i “Sivi nosorog”.
Sve oblasti života, zdravstveni, društveni, ekonomski, politički i obrazovni sistem su se promenile
usled delovanja pandemije COVID-19. Svi nivoi obrazovanja, osnovne, sredje i visoko, morali su se
prilagoditi socijalnom distanciranju. Međutim, obrazovni sistem je morao da se nastavi. Zahvaljujući
dostignućima industrijske revolucije 4.0 nastavljen je vaspitno-obrazovni rad na daljinu.
E-obrazovanje je jedan od oblika učenja na daljinu. Da bi ovakva vrsta učenja bila moguća,
neophodna je masovna pokrivenosti internet mrežom, tehnologija koja je na visokom nivou a
masovno je dostupna. Prednosti ovakve vrste obrazovanja leže u nezavisnosti od prostora i
vremena odnosno mesta i tempa učenja, pa su uštede u vremenu i troškovima velike. U isto vreme
je moguće edukovati veliki broj učenika ili studenata, što nije moguće realizovati u klasičnoj nastavi
u ograničeom prostoru. Znači da su troškovi koji se odnose na predavače i prostor manji nego što bi
bili da se nastava odvija na klasičan način. Sve ovo dovodi do bolje vertikalne integracije između
obrazovnog sistema i tržišta rada.
U ovakvom procesu obrazovanja učesnici su odvojeni prostorom i vremenom, ali je nužno
postojanje dvosmerne komunikacije koja olakšava obrazovanje. Za obrazovanje na daljinu je
neophodna podrška sistema za upravljanje učenjem (Learning Management System, LMS). U
pitanju je upravljanje učenjem kroz sistem standardizovanih komponenti za učenje preko web-
portala ili na abazi informacionog sistema koju obrazovna ustanova već poseduje. Interesantno je
da 4. tačka održivog razvoja u Agendi obrazovanja 2030 (World Educators Forum 2030) je već
pretpostavila intenzivnije oblike obrazovanja kroz jačanje i diferenciranje obrazovanja na daljinu.
Informacioni alati koji su bili na raspolaganju nastavnicima i učenicima/studentima u procesu
obrazovanja su: Microsoft Teams, Viber, ZOOM, elektronska pošta, Google učionica, WhatsApp,
Facebook, Skype i drugi alati. Zavod za unapređivanje obrazovanja i vaspitanja je u mesecu maju
2020. godine počeo anketiranje o uspehu realizacije obrazovanja na daljinu specifičnim
epidemiološkim uslovima, u Srbiji. Rezultati ove ankete koji su obuhvatili izuzetno obiman uzorak,
su pokazali da su se u obrazovanju najviše koristili alati redom: 1. Viber, 2. Google učionica, 3.
elektronska pošta itd. Bez obzira što su predavači i slušaoci nailazili na određene probleme tokom
realizacije procesa, uočene su velike prednosti zahvaljujući fleksibilnosti u učenju kroz obrazovanje
na daljinu. Ovaj oblik edukacije je i edukatorima i slušaocima uglavnom bio prvi put da se susreću
sa ovim oblikom obavljanja nastavnog procesa. Obzirom da budućnost leži u većem učešću učenja
na daljinu jedna od preporuka, jeste da se podignu digitalne kompetencije predavača i učenika
odnosno studenata.
Ključne reči: Industrijska revolucija 4.0, pandemija, COVID-19, obrazovanje na daljinu, e-učenje.
41
APPLICATION OF SENSORS BASED ON MOLECULARLY IMPRINTED

POLYMERS FOR VIRUS DETECTION
Tamara Tadić1, Bojana Marković1, Aleksandra Nastasović1, Antonije Onjia2

1University of Belgrade, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy,
Belgrade, Serbia
2University of Belgrade, Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Belgrade, Serbia
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are new functional polymers with pre-designed
molecular selectivity. Synthesis of MIP is performed using a template added into a
polymer matrix. After that, the template is removed, leaving cavities and active
binding sites. A template could be a target compound, its fragment or a molecule
similar to the target molecule by its size, shape and functional groups (dummy
template). In this way, the molecularly imprinted polymers can be bonded to original
templates, as well as related template molecules. Due to their robustness, long-term
stability, high selectivity, reproducibility, and cost-effectiveness, they are suitable for a
wide range of applications such as chemical and biological sensors, solid-phase
extraction, selective carriers for various types of chromatography, artificial receptors
for drug testing, and human viral pathogens detection. Because of continuous
evolution and fast virus mutation, there is a need for technologies that would evolve
as fast. So far, MIP has been used for the detection of influenza virus, dengue virus,
and human immunodeficiency virus. Detection of different subtypes of influenza virus
(H5N1, H5N3, H1N1, H1N3, and H6N1) is obtained using a quartz sensor QCM
coated with MIP based on methacrylate and N-vinylpyrrolidone. To detect the dengue
virus, a MIP has been developed to recognize the non-structural protein NS1 found in
the virus itself. Linear 15-mer peptides derived from NS1 protein of Japanese
encephalitis are used as a template (Thr-Glu-Leu-Arg-Tir-Ser-Trp-Lis-Thr-Trp-Gli-Lis-
Ala-Lis-Met) based on dengue NS1 virus epitope mapping to antibody D2/8-1.
Dopamine is used as a functional monomer for the synthesis of MIP for HIV
detection, while a synthetic peptide with 35 amino acid residues similar to the amino
acid sequence on the glycoprotein HIV-1 gp41 is used as a template. Based on
previous research of similar viruses, this type of polymer is found to have a potential
for coronavirus detection. A specific coronavirus aptamer would be used as a
template, while the monomers would be acrylate-based.
Keywords: MIP, COVID-19, QCM, synthesis, pathogen, detection.
42
PRIMENA SENZORA NA BAZI MOLEKULSKI OTISNUTIH POLIMERA ZA

DETEKCIJU VIRUSA
Tamara Tadić1, Bojana Marković1, Aleksandra Nastasović1, Antonije Onjia2

1Univerzitet u Beogradu, Institut za hemiju, tehnologiju i metalurgiju, Beograd, Srbija
2Univerzitet u Beogradu, Tehnološko-metalurški fakultet, Beograd, Srbija
Molekulsko otisnuti polimeri (MIP) predstavljaju nove funkcionalne polimere sa

unapred dizajniranom molekulskom selektivnošću. Sinteza MIP-a se vrši korišćenjem
šablona koji se dodaje u polimernu matricu, nakon čega se uklanja ostavljajući
šupljine i aktivna mesta vezivanja. Šablon može biti ciljno jedinjenje, njegov fragment
ili molekul veličine, oblika i funkcionalnih grupa sličnih ciljnom (tzv. lažni šablon). Na
taj način molekulsko otisnuti polimeri mogu vezati kako originalne, tako i srodne
molekule šablona. Zahvaljujući robusnosti, dugoročnoj stabilnosti, visokoj
selektivnosti, obnovljivosti i ekonomičnosti pogodni su za širok spektar primene kao
što su hemijski i biološki senzori, ekstrakcija čvrste faze, selektivni nosači za različite
vrste hromatografije, veštački receptori za ispitivanje lekova, kao i za detekciju
humanih virusnih patogena. Zbog stalne evolucije i brzine mutiranja virusa javlja se
potreba za tehnologijama koje će ići u korak sa novonastalim situacijama. U
dosadašnjim istraživanjima MIP je korišćen za detekciju virusa gripa, denga virusa,
kao i virusa humane imunodeficijencije. Detekcija različitih podtipova virusa gripa
(H5N1, H5N3, H1N1, H1N3 i H6N1) ostvarena je pomoću kvarcnog senzora QCM
koji je premazan MIP-om na bazi metakrilata i N-vinilpirolidona. Za otkrivanje virusa
denge razvijen je MIP za prepoznavanje nestrukturnog proteina NS1 koji se nalazi u
samom virusu. Linearni 15-merni peptidi izvedeni iz NS1 proteina Japanskog
encefalitisa korišćeni su kao šablon (Thr-Glu-Leu-Arg-Tir-Ser-Trp-Lis-Thr-Trp-Gli-Lis-
Ala-Lis-Met) na osnovu mapiranja epitopa virusa denge NS1 prema antitelu D2/8-1.
Kao funkcionalni monomer u sintezi MIP-a za detekciju HIV virusa koristi se
dopamin, dok se kao šablon koristi sintetički peptid sa 35 aminokiselinska ostatka
sličan aminokiselinskoj sekvenci na glikoproteinu HIV-1 gp41. Na osnovu prethodnih
saznanja o sličnim virusima, ova vrsta polimera mogla bi da ima potencijalnu
primenu za detekciju korona virusa. Kao šablon koristio bi se specifični aptamer
korona virusa, a monomeri bi bili na bazi akrilata.
Kjučne reči: MIP, COVID-19, QCM, sinteza, pathogen, detekcija.
43
IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC

RELATIONS AND INTERNATIONAL CAPITAL MOVEMENT
Miloš Karajović1, prof. dr Milica Kaličanin2, prof. dr Zoran Kaličanin2

1Nexia Star llc, Belgrade, Serbia
2University Nikola Tesla, Belgrade, Serbia
This paper aims to show the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the usual common
ways in which international trade is conducted and international economic and
financial relations are established. The COVID-19 epidemic surprised the world and
significantly disrupted the usual way of functioning of the international market and
relations between national economies, erasing some of the most important postulates
that some countries advocated until yesterday, and in the new conditions completely
abandon them and critically violate them. The consequences of a pandemic on
international trade have short-term and long-term components and they are extremely
unpredictable. Similar to any other sudden and unannounced change, different
national economies and their economic entities reacted in, at that time, the best ways
and not all achieved the expected effects. Some economic activities are more
threaten, while some have experienced growth and development. Thus, in the new
conditions, a significant volume of trade from traditional ways of execution, moved to
the Internet. The disruptions that have occurred have significantly disrupted existing
supply chains, disrupted their optimized trajectories, and led to chain reactions as
well as price disruptions. The effects on economic developments and on GDP are still
being considered and attempts are being made to find parallels with some events
from the past. Some paradigms, such as globalism, which until recently were firmly
believed, are now illuminated on the other side and are undergoing significant re-
examination. The regionalization of business and the security it provides, threaten the
idea of globalism, despite the higher costs that are generated. Due to new
circumstances, transactions between related parties, as specific forms of business,
are in front of new challenges and models of cooperation, so the reporting of transfer
pricing will suffer significant adjustments compared to previous practice, because it
should provide a quality and valid basis for concluding fulfillment of the “out of arm’s
length” principle. Also, the current determinants of international capital movements
are experiencing significant changes, there are new motives that cause cross-border
investments. The traditional principles according to which capital knows no national
borders in search of a higher profit rate are being re-examined in front of new motives
for international capital movements. In the conditions of a pandemic, when the
borders of the countries are closed, the high profit rate loses its primacy over
business security, continuity of production and continuity in supply and sale, even if
lower returns on capital were achieved in business conditions at the regional level.
Keywords: pandemic, supply chains, international trade, economic relations, national

economy, OECD guidelines.
44
UTICAJ COVID-19 PANDEMIJE NA MEĐUNARODNE EKONOMSKE

ODNOSE I MEĐUNARODNO KRETANJE KAPITALA
Miloš Karajović1, prof. dr Milica Kaličanin2, prof. dr Zoran Kaličanin2

1Nexia Star llc, Beograd, Srbija
2Univerzitet Nikola Tesla, Beograd, Srbija
Ovaj rad ima za cilj da prikaže uticaj COVID-19 pandemije na dosadašnje uobičajene
načine na koje se obavljaju međunarodna trgovanja i uspostavljaju međunarodni
ekonomski i finansijski odnosi. Epidemija COVID-19 iznenadila je svet i u značajnoj
meri poremetila dosadašnji uobičajeni način funkcionisanja međunarodnog tržišta i
odnosa između nacionalnih ekonomija brišući po neke od do juče najznačajnijih
postulata za koje su se neke zemlje zalagale, a u novim uslovima potpuno odustaju
od njih i kritički ih krše. Posledice koje ima pandemija na međunarodnu trgovinu imaju
svoju kratkoročnu i dugoročnu komponentu i izrazito su nepredvidive. Kao i kod
svake nagle i nenajavljene promene, različite nacionalne ekonomije i njihovi privredni
subjekti su reagovali na, u tom trenutku, najbolji načini i nisu svi postigli očekivane
efekte. Neke privredne delatnosti su više ugrožene, dok su pojedine doživele rast i
razvitak. Tako se u novim uslovima značajan obim trgovine iz tradicionalnih načina
odvijanja, preselio na internet. Poremećaji koji su se dogodili su u značajnoj meri
poremetili dosadašnje lance snabdevanja, poremetile njihove optimizovane putanje i
dovele do lančanih reakcija kao i cenovnih poremećaja. Efekti na kretanja u
privredama i na BDP se još uvek sagledavaju i pokušavaju se pronaći paralele sa
nekim događajima iz prošlosti. Neke paradigme, poput globalizma, u koje se do
nedavno čvrsto verovalo sada su osvetljene i sa druge strane i doživljavaju velika
preispitivanja. Regionalizacija poslovanja i sigurnost koju ona pruža ugrožavaju ideju
globalizma, uprkos višim troškovima koji se generišu. Usled novih okolnosti,
transakcije između povezanih privrednih društava, kao specifični oblici poslovanja
stavljaju pred sebe nove izazove i modele saradnje, tako da će i izveštavanje o
transfernim cenama pretrpeti značajna prilagođavanja u odnosu na dosadašnju
praksu, jer treba da obezbedi kvalitetnu i validnu osnovu za zaključivanje o
ispunjenosti principa „van dohvata ruke“. Takođe, dosadašnje determinante
međunarodnog kretanja kapitala doživljavaju značajne izmene i pojavljuju se novi
motivi koji utiču na prekogranično investiranje. Tradicionalni principi po kojima kapital
ne poznaje nacionalne granice u potrazi za višom profitnom stopom se preispituju
pred novim motivima međunarodnog kretanja kapitala. U uslovima pandemije kada
se granice država zatvaraju visoka profitna stopa gubi primat nad sigurnošću
poslovanja, održanja proizvodnje i kontinuiteta u nabavci i plasmanu, pa makar bili
postignuti manji prinosi na kapital u uslovima poslovanja na regionalnom nivou.
Ključne reči: pandemija, lanci snabdevanja, međunarodna trgovina, ekonomski

odnosi, nacionalna ekonomija, OECD smernice.
45
NATIONAL BANKING GUARANTEE SCHEME: ITS PLACE AND ROLE IN

LOAN RESTRUCTURING OF AGRICULTURAL ORGANIC COMPANIES
prof. dr Branko Živanović1, msc Aleksandra Cvejić1, dr Duško Bodroža2

1Belgrade Banking Academy, Belgrade, Serbia
2Institute of Economic Sciences, Belgrade, Serbia
The epidemiological pandemija COVID-19 caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus

prompted the Republic of Serbia Government and its central monetary authorities to
adopt a legal framework to establish a National Banking Guarantee Scheme as a
supplementary measure, in addition to a loan moratorium, in order to support the
economy. The Guarantee Scheme is aimed at maintaining company liquidity,
production continuity and labour force employment. This model of the Guarantee
Scheme is an exclusive measure introduced by the Government of the Republic of
Serbia, while in other countries’ economies similar effects are achieved through the
establishment of the National Guarantee Funds and through a guaranteed support to
companies by the countries’ development banks.
The research focuses on the effectiveness of state measures in the context of the
Guarantee Scheme on the companies in the sector of organically certified agricultural
raspberry production. Those companies have played a prominent role in the national
economy for decades as one of the major national exporters. Raspberries are among
the key national export products, and their sales exceed 260 million euros,
respectively. The domicile structure of export demand is undergoing intense changes
in favour of organically certified raspberries production compared to conventional
production, while at the same time it accounts for more than a half of the total national
export of organic products.
The assumption is that the Guarantee Scheme enables the establishment of an
adequate structure (optimal loan restructuring) of clients’ loan obligations in the
organic agricultural production sector at the moment of export shock and immediate
delay of export revenues. The format of the Guarantee Scheme provides an
“appropriate” grace period of the current annuities of existing companies’ loan
obligations, while providing commercial banks with the opportunity to improve the
collateral of existing and future credit obligations.
Moreover, the aim of this article is to summarise the negative effects in the scenario
of the absence of the analysed state guarantee support model on the agro-ecological
sector, commercial banks and the state. Companies whose main activity is the
production and export of organic raspberries would be exposed to a liquidity shock
due to export difficulties in the first months of the epidemiological crisis. The absence
of planned foreign exchange inflows made it impossible to pay their suppliers
regularly and service their loan obligations to banks. The production preparation and
purchasing of fresh raspberries for the next season could be called into question due
to a financial imbalance and potential loan reluctance of commercial banks. In the
commercial banking sector, unplanned NPLs would build up and provisions and
capital expenditures would increase because of the increased risks in the observed
agricultural sector. Finally, that would lead to a reduction in total national export and
state budget revenues.
46
This article can serve as a basis for future research on the topic by identifying and
highlighting the key findings as well as summarizing the earliest evidence available.
The dominant expectation was that the epidemiological crisis would end in a short
period of time, that the economic conjuncture would experience a sharp decline at the
beginning, but also pronounced growth thereafter (the economic cycle graph curve in
the shape of letter V). In the baseline scenario, the actual Guarantee Scheme format
fully corresponded to its purpose. However, the epidemiological crisis has continued
and there is a need for reengineering the analysed state-guarantee model.
It is assumed that the current format of the National Guarantee Scheme leaves room
for improvement. In the first place, there should be a simultaneous, flexible approach
of banks and companies to the modelling of future loan obligations, depending on the
market outlook. In the second place, the state can expand its role in terms of
increasing its guarantee potential and extending the guarantee period. The future
format should eliminate a potential liquidity blow to companies in the sector of agro-
organic production after the expiry of the grace period and, besides being cautiously
calibrated, it should include an adequate development component.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, organically certified raspberries, the Guarantee Scheme,

commercial bank, liquidity
NACIONALNA BANKARSKA GARANTNA ŠEMA: MESTO I ULOGA U

RESTRUKTURIRANJU KREDITNIH OBAVEZA PRIVREDNIH DRUŠTAVA
U SEKTORU ORGANSKI SERTIFIKOVANE POLJOPRIVREDNE
PROIZVODNJE
prof. dr Branko Živanović1, msc Aleksandra Cvejić1, dr Duško Bodroža2

1Beogradska bankarska akademija, Beograd, Srbija
2Institut ekonomskih nauka, Beograd, Srbija
Epidemiološka pandemija COVID-19, prouzrokovana virusom SARS-CoV-2, navela

je Vladu i centalne monetarne vlasti Republike Srbije, da privrednim društvima pored
mera odlaganja plaćanja obaveza poslovnim bankama po osnovu dospelih obaveza
po redovnim anuitetima na kredite, donese i zakonski okvir o utvrđivanju garantne
šeme kao dodatnu meru podrške privredi. Cilj mere usmeren je na održavanje
likvidnosti, kontinuiteta proizvodnje i zaposlenosti kapaciteta i radne snage. Model
garantne šeme, ekskluzivna je mera Vlade Republike Srbije, dok se u ostalim
ekonomijama slični efekti postižu kroz osnivanje nacionalnih garantnih fondova i
garancijsku podršku privrednim društvima od strane razvojnih banaka tih zemalja.
U fokus istraživanja stavljena je ocena efektivnosti preduzete državne mere u formatu
garantne šeme na privredna društava u sektoru organski sertifikovane poljoprivredne
proizvodnje maline, s obzirom na činjenicu da decenijama u Republici Srbiji ima
signifikantnu ulogu u strukturi nacionalnog izvoza. Malina spada u ključne nacionalne
izvozne proizvode, čija realizacija premašuje 260 miliona evra, respektivno. Domicilna
47
struktura izvozne tražnje doživljava intenzivne promene u korist organski

sertifikovane maline u odnosu na konvencionalnu, koja pri tom, obuhvata i više od
polovine ukupnog nacionalnog izvoza ekoloških proizvoda.
Pretpostavka je da garantna šema omogućava uspostavljanje adekvatne strukture
(optimalno restrukturiranje) kreditnih obaveza klijentima u sektoru organske
poljoprivredne proizvodnje, u trenutku i ambijentu izvoznog šoka i trenutnog
odlaganja izvoznih prihoda. Format garantne šeme obezbedio je „odgovarajući“
period odlaganja otplate tekućih anuiteta postojećih kreditnih obaveza privrednim
društvima, dok je poslovnim bankama pružio mogućnost unapređenja kolaterala
postojećih i budućih kreditnih obaveza.
Između ostalog, cilj istraživanja je i da sumira i moguće negativne efekte u scenariju
izostanka analiziranog državno-garantnog modela podrške na: agro-ekološki sektor,
poslovne banke i državu. Privredna društva, čija je osnovna delatnost proizvodnja i
izvoz ekološke maline, bila bi izložena likvidonosnom udaru usled otežanog izvoza u
prvim mesecima epiodemiološke krize. Izostanak planiranih deviznih priliva
onemogućio bi im redovnu isplatu dobavljača i servisiranje kreditnih obaveza prema
bankama. Priprema proizvodnje i otkupa roda za narednu sezonu, takođe, bila bi
dovedena u pitanje usled finansijskog disbalansa i potencijalne kreditne uzdržanosti
poslovnih banaka. U sektoru poslovnih banaka pojavili bi se neplanirani NPL-ovi i
uvećala rezervisanja i kapitalni izdaci po osnovu uvećanih rizika u predmetnom agro-
sektoru. Na kraju, došlo bi i do umanjenja ukupnog nacionalnog izvoza i budžetskih
prihoda države.
Rad može poslužiti kao baza za buduća istraživanja opservirane teme,
identifikovanjem i osvetljavanjem ključnih nalaza kao startne istraživačko-empirijske
osnove. Dominantna očekivanja bila su da će se epidemiološka kriza završiti u
kratkom roku, da će privredna konjuktura u startu imati oštar pad, ali i naglašen rast
nakon njega (oblik krive privrednog ciklusa u obliku latiničnog slova V). U baznom
scenariju, aktuelni format nacionalne garantne šeme u potpunosti je odgovarao svrsi.
Međutim, kriza se produžila što je nametnulo potrebu i za reinženjeringom
analiziranog državno-garantnog modela.
Pretpostavka je da današnji format garantne šeme ostavlja prostor za unapređenje.
Na prvom mestu za simultani fleksibilan pristup banke i privrenog društva u
modeliranju budućih kreditnih obaveza, zavisnosno od perspektiva tržišne situacije.
Na drugom, za proširenje uloge države u pogledu visine garancijskog potencijala i
produženja garantnog roka. Budući format, trebalo bi da otkloni potencijalni
likvidonosni udar nakon isteka grace perioda kod privrednih društava u oblasti
organski sertifikovane agro-proizvodnje, i pored opreznosne uključi i razvojnu
komponentu.
Ključne reči: Covid-19, organski sertifikovana malina, garantna šema, poslovna

banka, likvidnost
48
ROSEMARY EXTRACT AS AN ECOLOGICAL INHIBITOR OF COPPER

CORROSION IN CHLORIDE MEDIUM
University of Belgrade, Technical Faculty in Bor, VJ 12, 19210 Bor, Serbia
Due to widespread copper usage, electrochemical investigation of copper in different

media is of a great importance. Although copper is resistant to the atmosphere
influence and the impact of many chemicals, it is still resistless to corrosion in
aggressive environments. Toxicity of many copper corrosion inhibitors led to
reduction or complete cutoff of their use as corrosion inhibitors. Possibility for using
rosemary extract as an ecological inhibitor of copper corrosion in a chloride media
was investigated in this paper. Electrochemical behavior of copper in 0.5 mol/dm 3
NaCl in the absence and in the presence of rosemary extract in different
concentrations was investigated by method of open circuit potential measurement,
cyclic voltammetry method and potentiostatic method. Results of measuring the open
circuit potential show that the values of the open circuit potential in the presence of
rosemary extract are more positive in relation to the value of the open circuit potential
in the absence of rosemary extract. Three current peaks appear on the anode
polarization curves, which correspond to copper chloride and copper oxide formation.
Current intensity value of current peaks decreases with increasing concentration of
rosemary extract in the electrolyte, which indicates the inhibitory effect of rosemary
extract. Results of potentiostatic measurements show that stabilization is achieved
faster in the presence of rosemary extract. Values of the stationary current intensity in
0.5 mol/dm3 NaCl in the presence of rosemary extract are lower in relation to the
value of the current intensity in the absence of the extract. Presence of rosemary
extract leads to formation of a protective film on copper surface, which decelerates
the oxidation process of copper. Microphotographs of the copper surface after
potentiostatic treatment of copper in 0.5 mol/dm 3 NaCl, without and in the presence of
rosemary extract, show significantly damaged copper surface after potentiostatic
treatment in 0.5 mol/dm3 NaCl. The addition of rosemary extract damages the copper
surface in the lesser extent, due to forming a protective film on the copper surface
and, consequently, the inhibitory effect of rosemary extract.
Keywords: copper, electrochemical behavior, chloride medium, rosemary extract
Acknowledgement: The research presented in this paper was done with the
financial support of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological
Development of the Republic of Serbia, within the funding of the scientific research
work at the University of Belgrade, Technical Faculty in Bor, according to the contract
with registration number 451-03-9/2021-14/ 200131.
49
EKSTRAKT RUZMARINA KAO EKOLOŠKI INHIBITOR KOROZIJE BAKRA

U HLORIDNOJ SREDINI
Univerzitet u Beogradu, Tehnički fakultet u Boru, VJ 12, Bor, Srbija
Zbog široke primene bakra od velikog značaja je elektrohemijsko ispitivanje bakra u

različitim sredinama. Iako je bakar otporan na uticaj atmosfere i mnogih hemikalija,
ipak podleže koroziji u agresivnim sredinama. Toksičnost mnogobrojnih inhibitora
korozije bakra dovela je do smanjivanja ili potpunog prestanka njihove upotrebe kao
inhibitora korozije. U ovom radu je ispitivana mogućnost primene ekstrakta ruzmarina
kao ekološkog inhibitora korozije bakra u hloridnoj sredini. Elektrohemijsko ponašanje
bakra u 0,5 mol/dm3 NaCl u odsustvu i prisustvu ekstrakta ruzmarina različitih
koncentracija ispitivano je metodom merenja potencijala otvorenog kola, metodom
ciklične voltametrije i potenciostatskom metodom. Rezultati merenja potencijala
otvorenog kola pokazuju da su vrednosti potencijala otvorenog kola u prisustvu
ekstrakta ruzmarina pozitivnije u odnosu na vrednost potencijala otvorenog kola bez
prisustva ekstrakta ruzmarina. Na anodnim polarizacionim krivama se pojavljuju tri
strujna pika koji odgovaraju formiranju hlorida bakra i oksida bakra. Vrednost jačine
struje strujnih pikova opada sa povećanjem koncentracije ekstrakta ruzmarina u
elektrolitu, što ukazuje na inhibitorsko dejstvo ekstrakta ruzmarina. Rezultati
potenciostatskog merenja pokazuju da se stabilizacija brže dostiže u prisustvu
ekstrakta ruzmarina. Vrednosti stacionarne jačine struje u 0,5 mol/dm 3 NaCl u
prisustvu ekstrakta ruzmarina niže su u odnosu na stacionarnu vrednost jačine struje
bez prisustva ekstrakta. Prisustvo ekstrakta ruzmarina dovodi do formiranja zaštitnog
filma na površini bakra, koji usporava proces oksidacije bakra. Mikrofotografije
površine bakra nakon potenciostatskog tretiranja bakra u 0,5 mol/dm 3 NaCl bez i u
prisustvu ekstrakta ruzmarina pokazuju da je površina bakra značajno oštećena
nakon potenciostatskog tretiranja u 0,5 mol/dm 3 NaCl. Pri dodatku ekstrakta
ruzmarina oštećenja na površini bakra su manja usled formiranja zaštitnog filma na
površini bakra i, sledstveno tome, inhibitorskog dejstva ekstrakta ruzmarina.
Ključne reči: bakar, elektrohemijsko ponašanje, hloridna sredina, ekstrakt ruzmarina
Zahvalnica: Istraživanja predstavljena u ovom radu su urađena uz finansijsku

podršku Ministarstva prosvete, nauke i tehnološkog razvoja Republike Srbije, u okviru
finansiranja naučno istraživačkog rada na Univerzitetu u Beogradu, Tehničkom
fakultetu u Boru, prema ugovoru sa evidencionim brojem 451-03-9/2021-14/ 200131.
50
Section 1
BIOGEOCHEMISTRY AND
BIOTECHNOLOGY
Sekcija 1
BIOGEOHEMIJA I
BIOTEHNOLOGIJA
PRESENT PROBLEMS OF BIOGEOCHEMISTRY

Prof. dr Vadim Ermakov1, Prof. dr Larisa Jovanović2
The role of biogeochemistry is sharply increasing under conditions of mad-made of the

biosphere. Biogeochemistry is the system of knowledge, the systematic science about
the elemental composition of living matter and its role in the migration, transformation
and concentration of chemical elements and their compounds in the biosphere, about
geochemical processes involving organisms, their interaction with the geochemical
environment and the geochemical functions of the biosphere. This is a priority scientific
direction. The need for the development of biogeochemistry is due to the man-made
evolution of the planet and the search for adequate ways of interaction between man
and nature. Currently, the problems of biogeochemical evolution of biosphere taxa,
dynamic biogeochemistry, the interaction of macro - and trace elements in natural and
technogenic cycles, the differentiation of natural and technogenic components of
cycles, and the dependence of the status of macro-and microelements on the man-
made transformation of natural complexes are of particular relevance. These issues are
directly related to the effective correction of trace elements and the optimal use of
special food additives and microfertilizers in medicine, veterinary medicine and crop
production. For the development of biogeochemistry and the dissemination of its
knowledge in society, in our opinion, it is necessary to develop and solve the numerous
problems: First of all, it is development of a theoretical basis for the biogeochemistry of
the noosphere, strengthening education in the field of biogeochemistry and ecology. Of
interest The evaluation of the atmospheric component of biogeochemical cycles is very
important. Of particular interest are the processes of assimilation of macro-and
microelements by plants from the atmosphere and their release through the leaves.
However, this process is not sufficiently studied due to methodological difficulties. From
a practical point of view, the assessment of the role of natural and man-made
geochemical factors in the pathogenesis of viral and bacterial diseases, diagnosis and
correction of complex microelementhoses is very important. The diagnosis and
prevention of microelementosis is a complex and important problem. Its solution is
connected with the systematic study of the status of both individual trace elements and
their groups, as well as the development and application of new methods of
biochemistry, physiology, molecular biology, genetics and analytical chemistry. The
processes of absorption of trace elements and their regulation, the formation of a pool,
the synthesis of biologically active compounds remain the most relevant issues along
with the development of agrochemical and biogeochemical technologies. One of the
complex biosphere problems is the interaction of macro-and microelements. By
combining the methods of molecular genetics, biotechnology, and geochemical
ecology, it was possible to obtain effective microbiological preparations containing not
only trace elements – iodine, selenium, and zinc, but also cobalt and molybdenum,
which are used to correct microelementhoses in animals and man, as well as drugs that
control viral pathologies.
Keywords: biogeochemistry problems, interactions, organism, microelementhoses,
trace elements, viral pathologies.
53
THE CONCEPT OF HOMEOSTASIS IN GEOCHEMICAL ECOLOGY AND

BIOTECHNOLOGY
Dr. Yuriy Kovalsky1, Prof. Dr. Nina Gradova2, Prof. Dr. Vadim Ermakov1
2Russian University of Chemical Technology D.I. Mendeleev, Moscow, Russia
Innovative trends in the development of biotechnology are currently determined by

the expansion of its connections with different areas of science and economic activity
for the production of foodstuff and drugs for various purposes. One of these directions
of development of biotechnology is the use of the fundamental and applied aspects of
biogeochemistry, namely, geochemical ecology. The concept of "geochemical
ecology" was proposed by V. V. Kovalsky as a development of the research of V. I.
Vernadsky and A. P. Vinogradov on the taxons of the biosphere, biogeochemical
provinces and endemias in the 60s of the last century. Geochemical ecology is a
branch of biogeochemistry and general ecology, which studies the patterns of
interaction of organisms and their communities with the natural and man-made
environment, peculiarities of the chemical element composition of organisms and the
geochemical environment, biogeochemical food chains, biogenic migration of
chemical elements, threshold and critical concentrations of chemical elements in
organisms and the environment. The problems of geochemical ecology are of
particular relevance at the present time in connection with the technogenesis of the
biosphere. The studied patterns of geochemical ecology determine the relevance and
directions of development of technology for obtaining biotechnological products and
preparations that reduce the deficit of essential trace elements in trophic chains;
technologies for the use of biological products for bioremediation of polluted soils and
increasing their fertility, treatment of industrial wastewater and soils from heavy
metals and other toxic substances.
The biogeochemical model of homeostatic regulatory processes of organisms and
their sustainable functioning in natural ecosystems is based on the position on the
adaptation of microorganisms living in the soil to certain concentrations and ratios of
chemical elements; on the influence of differences in the chemical composition of
soils on the composition of soil microorganisms. These positions define the
requirements for the conditions for the use of biological products based on the
functional activity of living cells of microorganisms for bioremediation of contaminated
soils and increasing soil fertility. The effectiveness of the use of these drugs with
functional activity is determined by the full use of their biochemical potential, the
activity of which, when used, may be limited by the absence of trace elements in the
environment that are part of the catalytic center of enzymes, which in turn may
depend on soil and climatic conditions, as well as on the use of drugs in
biogeochemical provinces that are deficient in these trace elements.
Keywords: biogeochemistry, biotechnology, geochemical ecology, trace elements,

efficiency of application, microbial preparations, technogenesis, drugs.
54
A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF THE BIOGEOCHEMICAL

CONDITIONS OF MOLDOVA
Dr. Marina Kapitalchuk

Shevchenko State University of Pridnestrovie, Tiraspol, Pridnestrovie, Moldova
Biogeochemical studies of Moldova have acquired a versatile character, and they cover
soil-geochemical, landscape-geochemical, ecological-geochemical, and medical-
geographical studies. The normal functioning of any organism depends on the
content and ratio of chemical elements in it. There is an opinion that if there is little of
any biogenic element in soils, then there is little of it in plants, soils, animals, and
humans. In many cases, this is the case. However, there are cases when the content
of a biogenic element in the soil does not reflect the availability of this element to
living organisms. An example of this is the systematic biogeochemical studies on the
content of selenium in the components of the environment of Moldova. Thus, in the
soils of Moldova, selenium (Se) concentrations are small (average 246 μg/kg), and in
the steppe region there are deficient concentrations (100 μg/kg). In plants, the
selenium content is optimal (from 80 to 166 μg/kg). A sensitive Se indicator is fungi,
for example, champignon (Agaricus bisporus), which in the conditions of Moldova
accumulate Se in the range of 1980-24920 μg/kg of dry matter with the maximum
accumulation of trace elements in the floodplain. Se accumulates intensively in
walnut fruits (on average 258±64.2 μg/kg) throughout the territory of Moldova.
An important link in the migration of Se along food chains and an integral bioindicator
of chemical elements in ecosystems are bees and their waste products. In the
biogeochemical conditions of the Dniester Valley, Se accumulates in the body of
honey bees in the range of 308-1234 μg/kg (on average 667 μg/kg), perga-214-312
μg/kg (on average 249 μg/kg), propolis 99-257 μg/kg (on average 142 μg/kg),
polyflora honey-72-149 μg/kg (on average 109 μg/kg), reflecting the high availability
of Se in the food chains of ecosystems. Favorable biogeochemical conditions for Se
migration provide a high Se status of wild fauna on the territory of Moldova. Thus, the
Se content varies in the muscle tissue of wild boar in the range of 373-394 μg/kg,
hare-155-228 μg/kg, birds-89-1158 μg/kg. The Se status of the population of
Pridnestrovie is quite high, the concentration of Se in the blood serum is in the range
of 76-254 μg /l with an average value of 146 μg/l.
The high Se status of the population of the Dniester Valley reflects the favorable
biogeochemical conditions of Se migration along the food chains of ecosystems,
which ensures optimal accumulation of trace elements in cereals and its high content
in the muscle tissues of animals and fish. A similar trend is observed for the
accumulation of iron by animals in Moldova in conditions of its low gross content in
soils.
Thus, as a result of a systematic approach to biogeochemical studies, it turned out
that the total content of an element in the soil does not always reflect the availability
of this element to plants growing in a given territory, animals and humans.
Keywords: system approach, biogeochemistry, selenium, soil, ecosystem, Moldova.
55
THE NOWADAY TRANSFORMATION OF THE BIOSPHERE AND ITS

CONSEQUENCES UNDER CONDITIONS OF THE MANIFESTATION OF
PANDEMICS
Prof. dr Vadim Ermakov1, Prof. dr Larisa Jovanović2, academician William Sarian3
3FSUE Scientific Research Institute of Radio. Moscow, Russia
Life is a divine gift and it is impossible to foresee its content after us.
The fourth industrial revolution is considered as one of the stages of the evolution of
society and the biosphere as a whole. It reflects not only new forms of interaction
between man and nature, but also changes in living matter, biosphere energy, and the
state of sustainable development. The development of the modern biosphere is
associated with technogenesis and is accompanied by the fast formation of the
technosphere. using a new materials and information technologies. Given the
interaction between the biosphere and the technosphere, the irreplaceability of natural
resources, the concept of biodiversity and sustainable development, there is a need to
create a new planetary economy and a strategy for the development of society. People
are constantly faced with adverse factors, including natural and man-made disasters,
mass diseases of the endocrine and viral nature. as a result of high population density
and the manifestation of unforeseen pandemics.
At the same time, the adaptation of physiological functions and the genome, as a rule,
lags behind the human activity caused by intelligence and reason. And biological
diversity as the differentiation of living matter at all levels of its manifestation - one of the
main signs of the organization of the biosphere and its sustainable development, is
shrinking.
Technogenesis as a planetary phenomenon is accompanied by a sharp change in the
taxons of the biosphere, their structure and the vital activity of organisms, and the
reactions of organisms become unpredictable. In most cases, society faces with
problems of life. This causes disruption of the connections between organisms and
activation of ultramicroorganisms and viruses. The present biosphere is undergoing a
state of adaptation (the stage of correction of man-made activity and the beginning of
the emergence of reasonable resource-saving noosphere technologies). In this case,
the state of adaptation is considered as homeostasis of the biosphere and the principle
of adequacy of the materials and technologies used to the productivity and resources of
the biosphere is of crucial importance. The significance of this principle is most fully
reflected in biogeochemistry and ecology when studying the cycles of chemical
elements. Therefore, it is important to unite the economic spheres of society, control the
resources of the biosphere, preserve its resistance to natural and man-made disasters
using a green economy and a global information network of computer technologies and
digitalization now.
Keywords: biosphere, digitalization, life, man-made evolution, modern materials,

human health, biogeochemistry.
56
THE INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL AND BIOGEOCHEMICAL

MONITORING OF THE UNAL TAILINGS POND: FLUCTUATING
ASYMMETRY
Alexander Degtyarev, Dr. Sergey Tyutikov, Uliana Gulyaeva,

Valentina Danilova, Prof. Dr. Vadim Ermakov
The assessment of opportunities of various methods of complex eсologo-

biogeochemical monitoring of objects of the saved-up ecological harm (tailings dams)
in modern biospheric conditions is very significant. Organisms of different levels of
the organization are applied: from infusorians to the highest mammals and the human
body. In addition to direct determination of levels of toxicants in organism researchers
even more often use their morphometric parameters, in particular – the fluctuating
asymmetry. Calculation of this parameter for sheet plate of the birch growing near the
Unal tailings dam (North Ossetia) was compared with definition biologically active
sulfur-containing (metallothionine, glutathione, cysteine) and pigments (a-chlorophyll,
b-chlorophyll, carotene). In the technogenic horizons of urbozem and natural soils,
leaves and hay crops of plants defined the maintenance of trace elements. In soils
and urbozyoma it is revealed: Pb – 10.5–589 mg/kg, Cu – 7.0–891 mg/kg, Zn – 23–
4156 mg/kg, Cd – 0.2–91 mg/kg, As – 5–18.8 mg/kg, Se – 0.05–4.6 mg/kg. High
positive correlation between the maintenance of Pb in soils and leaves of birch (r =
+0.89) is established. On other metals correlation was low (r = + 0.18-0.21). Floristic
inspection found noticeable decrease in phytovariety and biomass on man-made
platforms. Value of the fluctuating asymmetry moderately correlates with the sum of
metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd) in soils and leaves. The same communication is found
between its value and content of glutathione and metallothionein in extracts of leaves
of birch. Correlation with levels of pigments (а-chlorophyll and carotinoids) was not
observed. Comparison of the fluctuating asymmetry of leaves of birch fluffy with the
general and the contents extracted by water of metals in them confirms certain
communication between these parameters. Higher concentration of the sum of metals
is followed by increase in value of asymmetry, and also sulfur-containing biologically
active compounds.
Keywords: fluctuating asymmetry, ecological and biogeochemical monitoring,

glutathione, metals, metallothioneins, phytochelatins
57
FEATURES OF THE ACCUMULATION OF TOXIC METALS BY ORGANS

AND TISSUES OF THE CASPIAN SEAL (PHOCA CASPICA, GMELIN, 1788)
Prof. dr Vyacheslav F. Zaitsev, Wladimir A. Chaplygin, Tatiana S. Ershova

Astrakhan State Technical University, Russian Federation
In the modern era of technogenic changes in the biosphere, an assessment of

modern global biospheric processes and the evolution of biogeochemical cycles
becomes an objective necessity.
The Caspian seal is the only marine mammal in the Caspian, an endemic species
that closes the top of the trophic pyramid. The Caspian seal is found throughout the
entire Caspian Sea, so the state of its population can be used as an indicator of the
well-being of the entire ecosystem of the region.
In the body of the Caspian seal, Zn, Mn, Cr, Co, and Hg are predominantly deposited
in the liver, Ni and Cd in the kidneys, Cu in the stomach, and Pb in adipose tissue. It
was noted that the adipose tissue of the Caspian seal is practically incapable of
accumulating heavy metals, with the exception of lead.
Chemical elements are unevenly distributed in the Phoca caspica organism,
depending on the properties of metals and the functional characteristics of organs.
Significant concentrations of metals were noted, first of all, in organs that are
characterized by an active course of metabolic processes, on the one hand, and, on
the other, actively participating in processes aimed at maintaining homeostasis.
Under the same habitat conditions, females in most cases have higher metal
accumulation rates than males. Compared to males, females of the Caspian seal
accumulate more copper, mercury and cadmium. No sex differences in the
accumulation of Zn, Ni, Co, and Pb by organs and tissues were found in the animal.
With age, the Caspian seal has a significant increase in the concentration of Zn, Cu,
Hg and Cd, while the assimilability of Mn, Cr, cobalt and lead decreases. The
calculated accumulation coefficients of the studied heavy metals in the organs and
tissues of the animal relative to its food organisms indicate the transition of Hg, Cu,
Cd along the food chain, in contrast to Zn, Mn, and Pb, which are not able to
accumulate in their trophic chains.
Keywords: Phoca caspica, accumulation, heavy metals, aquatic organisms, the
Caspian Sea.
58
CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF MOLYBDENUM, COPPER,

TUNGSTEN AND RHENIUM ACCUMULATION IN THE ENVIRONMENT
Prof. Dr. Vadim Ermakov, Dr. Vladimir Safonov, Dr. Sergey Tyutikov,
Dr. Fedor Golubev, Uliana Gulyaeva, Valentina Danilova
The study deals with the assessment of biogenic migration of molybdenum and other
trace elements in ore and background conditions. The purpose of this study was to
determine the specific features of copper and/or molybdenum accumulation rates in
animals against the background of various tungsten and rhenium content levels in the
environment and animal feeds, as well as possible metals incorporation into
xanthineoxidase-xanthinedehydrogenase of cow milk. The field biogeochemical
studies were performed in summer 2012, 2018, and 2020 in ore landscapes of W-Mo
deposits (Tyrnyauz) and background areas of the North Caucasus with the selection
of breeds, soils, natural water, plants, animal blood, and dairy products. For
comparison, dairy products from the Moscow region were also examined. It was
established that metals accumulated not only in soils but also in pasture plants. High
content of molybdenum in the blood of cows in ore regions accompanied by a sharp
decrease in the concentration of copper was noted. The concentration of studied
metals in buttermilk in ore regions increased by 5–10 times in comparison with the
control zone. When studying W-Mo ore landscapes of the North Caucasus
(Tyrnyauz), the tungsten and rhenium were found to be capable of incorporation into
the xanthine enzyme fractions (oxidase) in animals. This fact was discovered for the
first time. In the case of an increase in the content of molybdenum and/or tungsten
(rhenium) in the environment, the migration of the latter metals is significantly
enhanced in ore conditions.
Keywords: soil enzymes, dehydrogenase, metals, tailings storage, deposits, North

Caucasus.
59
INFLUENCE OF WATER MINERALIZATION ON THE ECOLOGICAL

STATUS OF MACROELEMENTS
Dr. Marina Kapitalchuk1, Natalia Zubco2

1Shevchenko State University of Pridnestrovie, Tiraspol, Pridnestrovie, Moldova
2Central District Hospital of Kamenka, Kamenka, Pridnestrovie, Moldova
Natural waters are an important indicator of geochemical conditions and the

ecological status of chemical elements in landscapes. Although the territory of
Moldova is small, the chemical composition of surface water is various. In the main
interfluve part of the Dniester-Prut, there is sulfate-calcium-sodium water with a
mineralization of 1000-2000 mg/l is common. The northern regions of Moldova are
represented by bicarbonate-magnesium-sodium water with a mineralization of 500-
1000 mg/l. In the Dniester valley, the predominant water is bicarbonate-calcium with a
mineralization of 200-500 mg/l, and on the left bank of Pridnestrovie, is the same
water with a mineralization of 500-1000 mg/l. We have analyzed the content of Ca,
Mg, Na, K, Cl, P in the body of conditionally healthy residents of Kamenka and
residents of this town who has functioning disorders of the body. It was revealed that
the content of elements in healthy residents’ blood serum basically corresponds to
the physiological norm, however there is predominantly an increased content of Ca
and Mg, but the residents with who functioning disorders of the body have an excess
content of the norm of Ca and Mg and observed an imbalance elements. Concerning
it was concluded that hard drinking water influences the content of Ca and Mg in the
residents’ body who consumes it. However, this effect is especially clearly manifested
in people’s body who has functioning disorders of the body, meanwhile healthy
people with the content of these elements has the limit of the norm. The water supply
of the city of Kamenka is pumping out from underground sources - artesian wells, the
hardness of this water is (300 mg/l), and the dry residue is (922 mg/l).
A lot of people over 50 years of age have an excess of calcium (about 20%) and less
often (4-7%) a lack of it in the blood serum. Cases with an excess of magnesium in
people’s body who has functioning disorders of the body of the studied region are
even more (45%). It is worth noting the general tendency to a high content of Ca, Mg
and low Na, both in healthy and sick people. A similar tendency of deficiency in
chlorine is also observed in each period of ages, especially after 40 years. The
normal content of phosphorus in the blood serum of sick people (77%) and excess
(23%) were noted.
It still remains important to identify the causes of homeostasis disorders associated
with the content of elements in the body of the population who consumes hard water.
Keywords: water, macroelements, blood serum, Kamenka town, Moldova.
60
ASSESSMENT OF THE BIOELEMENTAL STATUS OF OVERWEIGHT

PERSONS
A. Adeeb Hussein Ali, L.P. Loseva, T.K. Krupskaya, О.S. Laminski-Anufryk

Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno, 22 Ozheshko Street, Grodno, Belarus
Purpose of the work: to reveal the imbalance in a complex of bioelements, s.a. calcium,
potassium, zinc, copper, iron, selenium, chromium, manganese, sulfur, lead, cadmium,
mercury for individuals with increased body mass index. The database (individuals from
Grodno and the Grodno region) of the laboratory of physical and chemical methods for
studying environmental objects was used for the study. The method of X-ray fluorescence
analysis was used to determine the composition of bioelements in the hair. A
questionnaire was completed in order to assess the full characteristics of nutrition. As a
result of the research, using the method of X-ray fluorescence analysis was pioneered
shown as a method for balance monitoring of macro- and microelements for the
individuals of 18-30 years, both men and women with different body mass index. Results
of the study using the method of X-ray fluorescence analysis of hair of both groups men
and women of 18-30 years with an increased body mass index BMI = 25-30 were
obtained. Hundred individuals from the city of Grodno and the Grodno region have
participated in the study. Disorders in the balance of zinc, calcium, iron, potassium and
copper were shown with a relation to the body mass index. Widely consumed processed
food (bread) with various biological complexes of algae and medicinal plants has been
developed along with a preventive measure to combat overweight among different groups
of population.
According to the World Health Organization, about 30% of the world's population suffer
from overweight, i.e., about 1.7 billion people. In Western Europe, the number of people
suffering from overweight and obesity has been calculated as 25% of women and up to
20% of men. The USA has the highest number in the obesity prevalence: overweight is
diagnosed for almost 60% of the population and for 27% of them obesity has been
confirmed. About 30% of population in their active age (i.e., one of three) are overweight
and 25% of them are obese in Russia and Belarus. These metabolic disorders manifested
in 35% of cases among women between 30 and 60 years old. The obesity epidemic is
expected to increase and the number of overweight patients could double in the next two
decades. The World Health Organization pays close attention to bioelements’ deficits and
their impact on public health.
Conclusions: In presented study, the possibility of using the method of X-ray
fluorescence analysis was pioneered shown as a diagnostic method for monitoring the
balance of macro- and microelements in the body for both groups of men and women at
the age of 18-30 years old with different body mass index.
In the group of women with overweight, analytical reviewing of the obtained data showed
destructive in the accumulation of related trace elements in the body, which leads to
dysfunctional microelementosis and further more to pathological processes in metabolic
activity.
In the group of men with overweight, the accumulation of heavy metals increased and the
connections between essential elements were destroyed.
Keywords: trace elements, bioelements, X-ray fluorescence analysis, nutrition, overweight.
61
THE CONTENT OF ARSENIC IN THE SOIL AND LIVING ORGANISMS IN

THE AREA OF MAN-MADE MINERAL FORMATION
Margarita Samburova1, Prof. Dr. Vladimir Safonov2

1«BIOS», Ltd., Moscow, Russia
The present study was performed in 2019-2020 on the territory of tailing dump of Novotroitsk
gold-arsenic deposit (Plast, Chelyabinsk Region) and the reference areas (Demarino vil. and
riv. Kabanka, >15 km from the tailing dump) and focused on the content of arsenic (As) in
the dump soil and its accumulation in the tissues of plants and animals. The obtained
probes of soil and subsoil and 4 bored wells were studied. Besides, the samples of the
above surface and below the surface of Stipa L., umbelliferous, Carex L, fur, and organ
tissue of T. europaea were collected from the tailing dump and reference areas. The results
of the measurements were obtained from three parallel samplings using a mass
spectrometer Nexion 300D and the method inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.
The processing of the data was performed using software Statistica 13.5 (Statsoft Inc.). The
results of the chemical analysis showed that the content of toxic microelement significantly
exceeds the maximum allowable concentration (MAC) for soils established by the hygienic
requirements of GN. 2.1.7.2041-06 and GN2.1.7.2042-06 (RF). The concentration of As in
the probes obtained from the surface level was 1962.6±628.2 mg/kg, which was 981 times
higher than MAC (20. Mg/kg). In the probes taken 0-18 m deep, it was 2572±229.9 mg/kg,
which was 1286 times higher than MAC. A very high content of As in the soil indicates
severe pollution of the territory with the products emitted by the mine-milling plants, which is
hazardous for the nearby biocenose and the city population. The main pathway of As
accumulated in the plants that grow in the man-name mineral formations is the root system.
The results of the probes of the plant tissues showed that the accumulation of As by living
organisms of the tailing dump is quite active. The highest concentration of As was detected
in the roots of Stipa L (121.0 mg/kg) and the lowest – in the roots of umbelliferous (11.53
mg/kg). According to the data provided by Kabata-Pendias and Pendias (1989), the
concentration of As in plants that grow on the unpolluted territories ranges from 0.0009 to
1.5 mg/kg of the dry mass. In the probes taken from the dumps, these levels exceed the
norm by 7.7 – 80.7 times. The concentration in the probes taken from the reference areas
exceeds the norm by 5.0 – 100.8 times. T. europaea was chosen as a representative of the
animal world because it is widespread and typical for the studied territory. It was established
that the levels of As in the fur samples (212.75 ± 24.11 mg/kg) obtained from animals that
lived in the tailing dump were ten times higher than in the samples of tissues. As for the
organs, As primarily deposited in the liver (6.57 ± 0.32 mg/kg), then, in the descending
order, in the muscles (4.97 ± 0.68 mg/kg), and kidneys (4.71 ± 0.43 mg/kg). The content of
As in all the analyzed biological samples obtained from animals from the tailing dump of the
Novotroitsk mine-mill significantly increased its content in the tissues and fur of animals from
the reference area in Demarino village and Kabanki river (p<0.01). Thus, the levels of As in
the liver exceeded the mean in the reference are by 273.9 times, in the kidneys – by 181.3
times, in the muscles – by 198.9 times, and in the fur – by 238.8 times. Based on the
obtained results and taking into account the negative influence of As compounds on living
organisms, it is recommended to develop a complex of measures on the elimination of the
consequences of pollution and to perform recultivation of the territories of the Novotroitsk
tailing dump.
Keywords: arsenic, ecology, man-maid formation, soil, plants, living organisms.
62
BIOGEOCHEMISTRY OF MANGANESE IN MOLDOVA
Dr. Marina Kapitalchuk1, Ecaterina Melnicenco2, Tatiana Bogataia1, Iuna Acciurina1

1Shevchenko State University of Pridnestrovie, Tiraspol, Pridnestrovie, Moldova
2Public Association EcoContact, Chisinau, Moldova
Manganese is the essential element. It is a component of many enzymes and

performs many functions in the human body. The lack or excess of manganese in the
body contributes to the development of mental diseases, hypothyroidism, disorders of
the reproductive system, etc. Manganese compounds in the body come mainly from
food. The daily requirement for manganese is 2-5 mg. The content of manganese in
the body depends on the concentrations of this element in the environment. In the
soil-forming rocks of Moldova, the concentrations of manganese are less than the
clarke in the lithosphere, and in the soils the concentrations are less than the clarke
of the soils. In Moldova, many agricultural lands contain few mobile forms of
manganese. Despite this, in the conditions of Moldova, the families were
distinguished by an increased content of manganese: Rosaceae, Apiaceae,
Cyperaceae. In surface waters, manganese is in the range of 48-58 μg /l. But, in the
Dniester River, city ponds and the Kuchurgan reservoir, the concentration of
manganese is 3-4 times higher. In the recent years, cases of exceeding the maximum
admissible concentration of manganese in the water of the Dniester River have been
identified. The contamination of bottom sediments with manganese was also noted.
Therefore, manganese has been studied as a pollutant in Moldova in recent decades.
In soils, plants, and in the Dniester River, manganese concentrations were second
only to iron concentrations. And in local reservoirs, the concentration of manganese is
higher than the concentration of iron. In this regard, there was a question about the
content of this vital element on the one hand and toxic on the other hand in the body
of animals. Previously, the study on the content of manganese in the body of animals
in the study area was not conducted. According to the preliminary data, the content of
manganese in the wool of goats from the steppe zone of the Dniester Valley is 8.33
mg/kg, goats from the forest-steppe zone-10.03 mg/kg, cows from the forest-steppe
zone-10.75 mg/kg, and in the conditions of the steppe in the wool of cows of
manganese 33.51 mg/kg. It is worth noting that it was in the steppe zone that cases
of exceeding the maximum permissible concentration of manganese in water bodies
were recorded. In the wool of rabbits, the amount of manganese is significantly less
than in goats and cows (1.18 mg/kg in the forest-steppe and 3.6 mg/kg in the steppe).
According to the literature data, in conditionally "background" territories, there may be
manganese in the wool of cows from 4 to 40 mg/kg. Given this range of values for
manganese in animal hair, it is possible to state the normal content of manganese in
the body of animals of the Dniester Valley. Thus, in biogeochemical conditions with a
lack of manganese in soils, plants and a high content of manganese in the waterway
of the Dniester River, the concentrations of manganese in the biomaterial can be
considered normal.
Keywords: manganese, biogeochemistry, water, soil, plants, animals.
63
THE CONTENT OF COBALT IN THE BODY OF ANIMALS AND HUMANS

OF THE DNIESTER VALLEY
Dr. Marina Kapitalchuk, Elena Busheva

Cobalt is a vital element for humans and animals. Cobalt enters the human body with
food. The biological role of cobalt is associated with its inclusion in the vitamin B12
molecule – cobalamin. Cobalt increases iron absorption and hemoglobin synthesis.
The process of hematopoiesis in humans and animals can be carried out only with
the normal interaction of cobalt and iron. Vitamin B12 effectively affects the
metabolism, primarily the synthesis of proteins. In the last century, there was a lack of
cobalt in the body of animals in Moldova and the disease acobaltosis in animals. In
the biogeochemical conditions of Moldova, the cobalt in the soils is greater than the
clark of the soils. Low concentrations of mobile cobalt in the soils were noted.
However, very high concentrations of cobalt were found in the ash of humic acids. In
the ecological conditions of Moldova, plants of the families Solanaceae, Vitaceae,
and Brassicaceae accumulate cobalt well. Studies on the cobalt content in the
environment of Moldova were conducted about 50 years ago. Now researchers pay a
lot of attention to the elements of pollutants, so cobalt has not been studied in the
Dniester Valley in recent decades. We studied the cobalt content in the wool of goats
and cows in the Dniester Valley. On this territory there are steppe and forest-steppe
areas. So, we analyzed animals’ hair from these two areas. Before describing our
results, it is worth noting the ranges of normal concentrations of cobalt in the wool of
cows of conditionally background territories according to the literature data: from 0.01
to 0.08 mg/kg. The average concentrations of cobalt in the wool of animals of the
Dniester Valley are as follows: cows in the steppe region 0.23 mg/kg, and in the
forest-steppe 0.08 mg/kg; goats in the steppe region 0.08 mg/kg, and in the forest-
steppe 0.1 mg/kg. The content of cobalt in the hair of people living in the steppe
region of the Dniester Valley according to preliminary data is 0.12 mg/kg. The
average cobalt content in the claws of domestic chickens and chickens raised in
poultry farms was the same 0.17 mg/kg. When considering the content of other
chemical elements in the claws of domestic chickens and chickens raised in poultry
farms, significant differences were often observed. It is worth noting that in the soil-
forming rocks and soils of the Dniester valley, an increased background of cobalt is
observed, in contrast to the interfluve. Thus, it can be noted that the Dniester Valley
has favorable biogeochemical conditions for the accumulation of cobalt by animals.
Keywords: cobalt, animals, humans, Dniester valley, Moldova
64
VARIATION IN THE ACTIVITY OF SOIL ENZYMES UNDER CONDITIONS

OF TECHNOGENIC POLLUTION AS AN ADDITIONAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL
INDICATOR IN RESEARCH AND ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES
Prof. Dr. Vadim Ermakov, Dr. Sergey Tyutikov, Uliana Gulyaeva,

Valentina Danilova, Alexander Degtyarev
The relationship between the activity of soil enzymes (dehydrogenase, invertase,

peroxidase, catalase) and the level of metal content in the upper (0-15 cm) soil
horizons was evaluated by profiles that cross two metallogenic regions within the
polymetallic ones (the basin of the river Ardon) and W-Mo (Baksan River basin) of
biogeochemical provinces enriched with Zn, Pb, Cu, and Cd. In the first case, the
source of the polymetallic anomaly was the deflation of the pulp of the Mizur GOK
and the migration of metals with water and mudflows in contact with the exposed
point Pb-Zn deposits, and in the second case - the opening of W-Mo deposits and the
Tyrnyauz W-Mo combine (North Caucasus). The metal content in the soils of the Unal
basin profile varied in the soil fraction of no more than 1 mm within the following limits
(in mg/kg): Pb – 103-1709, Cu - 28-242, Zn – 247-3637, Cd – 1,4-14,1, Mo – 3,0-3,1.
In the soils of the Baksan profile, metal concentrations were significantly lower,
except for molybdenum: Pb – 14-36, Cu – 4-49, Zn – 43-166, Cd – 0,2-1,0, Mo - 2,3-
52.3. In general, in both cases, there was a gradient in the concentrations of
individual metals and their sum. It was found that an increase in the concentration of
heavy metals in the soils of both regions inhibited the activity of dehydrogenases. At
the same time, the correlation coefficient between the activity of the enzyme and the
level of the sum of metals varied in the range: r= -0.712 - -0.724. According to the
degree of metal inhibition, soil enzymes are arranged in a row: dehydrogenases >
invertase > (catalase and peroxidase). The parameters of dehydrogenase, catalase,
and invertase activity in the soils of the Baksan River basin were poorly correlated. In
some cases, the activity of the enzymes was stable at high concentrations of metals
in the medium, which seems to indicate the existence of adaptive forms of enzymes.
The change in the activity of soil enzymes under conditions of technogenic pollution
can serve as an additional biogeochemical indicator for exploratory and
environmental studies. The change in the activity of soil enzymes under conditions of
technogenic pollution can serve as an additional biogeochemical indicator for
exploratory and environmental studies.
Keywords: soil enzymes, dehydrogenase, metals, tailings storage, deposits, North

Caucasus
65
APPLICATION OF X-RAY FLUORESCENCE ANALYSIS TO ASSESS

EVALUATION OF THE ESSENTIAL IMPORTANCE OF MASS-PRODUCED

The studies of different varieties of bakery products (which are produced in the city of
Grodno and the Grodno region) for the content of essential elements have been carried
out using X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF).
The method of X-ray fluorescence analysis according to certified in RB techniques of
MVN. MN 3272-2009 was used as a basis. XRF is widely used for quantitative and
qualitative analysis of environmental objects due to its versatility and the ability to perform
multi-element analysis. The XRF method allows analyzing samples of very small volume
and low mass (up to 0.1 g), as well as performing repeated measurements. The limits of
measurement error (p=0.95) according to this method are ± 30.0 %. The estimation of
measurement errors set in accordance with the MVN is carried out automatically during
the measurement by means of the software of the X-ray energy spectrometer ElvaX SER-
01.
The Council of Ministers adopted the concept N252 in the field of national food security of
the Republic of Belarus in 2004. These principles are laid down when using fat-and-oil
products in the form of mayonnaise, sauces, spreads (Patent No. 20040203, 2006),
biocorrectors using yeast enriched with selenium, iron and other microelements (Patent
No. 20050714, 2006). Modern technologies for processing plant raw materials allow
preserving all the active ingredients in the complex. Algae (fucus, kelp, spirulina) and
secondary food raw materials are of particular interest. All this allows making new types of
products using the traditional basis to increase the adaptive capabilities of the human
body in the conditions of environmental inadaptation.
The aim of the work is to show the possibility of enriching mass-produced products
(bread) in the conditions of environmental inadaptation.
It is shown that the secondary raw materials of oilseeds (flakes) are rich in potassium,
calcium, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, and sulfur, which is a promising raw material for
obtaining functional food products.
Mass-produced products in the form of bakery products can be fortified with secondary
raw materials according to developed recipes based on oilseed flakes; they contain
copper 12.25 times more than those, which are available on the market today, 1.9 times
more iron, and 23.9 times more zinc.
The proposed functional food products are balanced in composition and allow covering
from 30 % of the daily human need for bioelements.
Keywords: X-ray fluorescence analysis, essential elements, flour, bakery products,

fortification, Grodno, Belarus
66
BIOMORPHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF FLORA OF THE ARDON RIVER

BASIN AFTER NATURAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC DISASTERS
PhD Fedor Golubev
In the basin of the Ardon River, there is the Unalskaya depression, which is
characterized by a low annual precipitation (372 mm / year), the presence of a dry
period, as a result of which it has features of aridity. A feature of its vegetation is the
strong sparseness of its constituent phytocenoses and the predominance of drought-
enduring plants in their flora. From 800m above sea level there is a strip of mountain-
steppe and mountain-drought-enduring plants. The main variant of mountain steppes
is communities with a predominance of sagebrush Artemisia austriaca, A.
chamaemelifolia, etc. Cenoses with Salvia canescens are formed on gently sloping
areas. Upland drought-enduring plants are represented by thornpads formed by the
cushion astragalus - Astragalus denudatus Steven and phryganoid communities. The
dynamics of the plants cover is determined by geomorphological and anthropogenic
factors. Due to anthropogenic pressure on the plant population, a biomorphological
analysis of the flora in the area of the tailing dump was carried out. Biomorphological
analysis characterizes the adaptive potential of plant biomorphs to habitat in various
environmental conditions. Flora is represented mainly by hemicryptophytes (61%),
followed by cryptophytes (30.2%) - rhizome, bulbous and tuberous plants. The last
place is occupied by therophytes (4.8%) - annuals that endure unfavorable conditions
in the form of seeds. The last place is occupied by therophytes (4.8%) – annual
plants that endure unfavorable conditions in the form of seeds. The phanerophytes
(7.66%) and hamephites (7.36%) are in an intermediate position. Taxonomic analysis
of the flora showed that plants in the studied areas belong to 36 families. Plants of the
families are dominant: Compositae, Fabaceae, Labiatae, and in some areas also
Caryophyllaceae. It has been established that the number of growing plant species is
reduced on landscapes contaminated with lead and arsenic. The total number of
species in the contaminated areas did not exceed 25, and in the background areas it
reached 49 species per 100 m2. Inhibition of plant growth and development
(chlorosis, necrosis, leaf rolling) was also observed.
Keywords: Unalskaya depression, biomorphological analysis, flora, the Ardon river

basin, Unalsky tailing dump.
67
POTENTIAL APPLICATION OF ATMOSPHERIC PARTICLE DISPERSION

MODEL TO SARS-COV-2 VIRUS TRANSMISSION
Željko Ćirović1, Antonije Onjia2

1Innovation Center of the Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, Belgrade, Serbia
2Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
The SARS-CoV-2 virus has been the cause of a global pandemic due to its high
infectivity, but there is no agreement on the exact model of its transmission. In that
regard, the possibility arises of mathematically modelling its propagation through the
air in order to acquire data about the nature of its transmission.
AERMOD is a system that is used for the modelling of atmospheric dispersion of
gases and particulate matter. It has been developed by the United States
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the American Meteorological Society
(AMS). It contains several modules which are able to predict the movement and
concentration of a wide range of different particles taking into account
thermodynamic, meteorological and geometric factors. It is mostly used for the
modelling of dispersion of particles and polluting gases from industrial plants, but it is
entirely applicable on smaller-scale systems.
In this paper, the methodology and results of AERMOD simulated atmospheric
dispersion of the SARS-CoV-2 virus were analyzed. The SARS-CoV-2 virus can be
represented as a particle of a certain diameter. Different models of dispersion are
acquired through variation of input parameters – the height of the particle source, the
size of the particles and the effect of air flow. These parameters, together with
ambient temperature, mass flow, the cross section of the source and the emission
speed are used as input data for the AERMET module and finally for AERMOD. As a
result of this process, the spatial distribution of the concentration of the viral
particulate matter in the surrounding air is obtained.
Keywords: AERMOD, SARS-COV-2 virus, particles, air.
68
POTENCIJALNA PRIMENA MODELA ATMOSFERSKE DISPERZIJE

ČESTICA NA TRANSMISIJU SARS-COV-2 VIRUSA
Željko Ćirović1, Antonije Onjia2

1Inovacioni centar Tehnološko-Metalurškog Fakulteta, Beograd, Srbija
2ehnološko-Metalurški Fakultet, Univerzitet u Beogradu, Beograd, Srbija
SARS-CoV-2 virus je izazvao globalnu pandemiju zbog svoje visoke infektivnosti,

međutim i dalje ne postoji konsenzus oko egzaktnog modela transmisije. Skoriji
izveštaji ukaziju na to da je prenos dodirom od sekundarnog značaja u odnosu na
vazdušnu transmisiju virusa. U tom pogledu otvara se mogućnost matematičkog
modelovanja kretanja čestica virusa kroz vazduh radi dobijanja podataka o njegovoj
disperziji.
AERMOD je sistem za modelovanje atmosferske disperzije gasova i čestica. Razvijen
je od strane američke agencije za zaštitu životne sredine (EPA) i američkog
meteorološkog društva (AMS). Ovaj model u svom sklopu sadrži nekoliko modula koji
su u stanju da predvide kretanje i koncentraciju velikog spektra čestica uzimajući u
obzir termodinamičke, meteorološke i geometrijske faktore. Koristi se uglavnom za
modelovanje disperzije čestica i zagađujućih gasova iz industrijskih postrojenja,
međutim potpuno je primenjiv na sisteme manjih razmera.
U ovom radu analizirani su rezultati i metodologija simulirane atmosferske disperzije
virusa SARS-CoV-2 primenom AERMOD sistema. Virus SARS-CoV-2 moguće je
predstaviti kao čestice određenog prečnika. Različiti modeli disperzije se onda
dobijaju varijacijom ulaznih parametara - visine izvora čestica, veličine čestica i uticaj
strujanja vazduha na disperziju. Ovi parametri, zajedno za temperaturom, masenim
protokom čestica, poprečnim presekom i brzinom emisije unose se kao ulazni podaci
u AERMET modul i najzad u AERMOD. Kao rezultat ovog procesa dobija se
prostorna raspodela koncentracije čestica virusa u okolnom vazduhu.
Ključne reči: AERMOD, COVID-19, čestice, vazduh.
69
COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION OF THE PHYTOREMEDITICAL ABILITY

OF A NUMBER OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS FOR THE RESTORATION
OF SOILS POLLUTED WITH HEAVY METALS

The aim of the work is to study the possibility of using crops as phytoextractors or
phytostabilizers in conditions of soil pollution with heavy metals.
Up to 25% of the territory of the Republic of Belarus is contaminated with heavy
metals, radionuclides and, as a result, is excluded from agricultural circulation. It is
shown that technical colza (Brassica napus) as the most promising crop for cultivation
in the Republic is not afraid of soils contaminated with radionuclides and heavy
metals. According to preliminary data, the land previously withdrawn from agricultural
circulation can potentially be used as land for growing raw materials used in the
production of biofuels, in particular, based on technical colza. In addition, the
Republic will be able to obtain significant economic benefits, since the production
capacities of Belarus will be sufficient not only for the “closure” of domestic
consumption, but also for the potential export of surplus biofuels to the EU countries.
The possibility of using the method of X-ray fluorescence analysis to assess the
content and migration of heavy metals of various degrees of danger in a soil-plant
system has been shown.
It has been established that cadmium, manganese, tin and strontium accumulate
most intensively in the phytomass of industrial colza; cadmium, tin, zinc accumulate
in the flax phytomass.
Based on the data obtained, it can be assumed that the degree of danger of the soil,
depending on the nature of its pollution with heavy metals, is reduced by 1.3 – 1.6
times after growing flax, by 1.2 – 3.1 times after growing colza. Moreover, the
phytostabilizing properties of technical colza are manifested to a greater extent with
the initially high values of the total soil pollution index.
It has been shown that when growing industrial crops, metals are intensively
absorbed and accumulate in the aboveground and underground organs of plants,
which significantly reduces the level of risk of soil pollution. The removal of chemical
elements from the soil with industrial crops (colza, flax) contributes to its self-
cleaning.
Keywords: X-ray fluorescence analysis, soil, heavy metals, agricultural crops,

Belarus
70
ANALYSIS OF AIR QUALITY PARAMETERS IN THE BEGINNING OF THE

COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN BELGRADE AND SARAJEVO
Nataša Bojković1, Tanja Živojinović1, Nikola Zornić2

1University of Belgrade, Faculty of Transport and Traffic Engineering, Belgrade, Serbia
2University of Belgrade, Faculty of Organizational Sciences, Belgrade, Serbia
The emergency caused by the COVID-19 has led to a reduction in air pollution in many
parts of the world. Research indicates that depending on the degree of restriction of socio-
economic activities, but also the type of pollutants, different outcomes are recorded - from
a significant improvement in air quality to symbolic reductions in pollutant emissions. This
paper presents several significant polluters in the year of the pandemic and performed a
comparative analysis concerning the average values from the previous five - year period.
The research covered two cities in the region of Southeast Europe - Belgrade and
Sarajevo. The results indicate a decrease in the concentration of nitrogen oxides and
suspended PM10 particles, as well as an increase in the concentration of certain
pollutants such as carbon monoxide and ozone. The results testify that air quality, in
addition to restrictions on movement due to the pandemic, was also influenced by other
sources, primarily the type of fuel for households heating and industrial plants.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, air quality, pollutants, PM10, urban area,COVID-19
ANALIZA PARAMETARA KVALITETA VAZDUHA U VREME POČETKA

COVID-19 PANDEMIJE U BEOGRADU I SARAJEVU
Nataša Bojković1, Tanja Živojinović1, Nikola Zornić2

1Univerzitet u Beogradu, Saobraćajni fakultet, Beograde, Srbija
2Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet organizacionih nauka, Beograd, Srbija
Vanredna situacija prouzrokovana virusom COVID-19 dovela je, očekivano do smanjenja

aerozagađenja u mnogim delovima sveta. Istraživanja ukazuju da se u zavisnosti od
stepena restrikcije društveno-ekonomskih aktivnosti, ali i vrste polutanata, beleže različiti
ishodi – od značajnog poboljšanja kvaliteta vazduha do simboličnih smanjenja emisija
zagađivača. U ovom radu prikazano je prisustvo nekoliko najvećih zagađivača u godini
pandemije i izvršena uporedna analiza u odnosu na prosečne vrednosti iz prethodnog
petogodišnjeg perioda. Istraživanjem su obuhvaćena dva grada regiona jugoistočne Evrope
– Beograd i Sarajevo. Rezultati ukazuju na smanjenje koncentracije azotnih oksida i
suspendovanih čestica PM10, kao i na povećanje koncentracije određenih zagađivača
poput ugljen-monoksida i ozona. Ovakvi rezultati svedoče o tome da su na kvalitet vazduha,
pored restrikcija kretanja usled proglašene pandemije, uticaj imali i drugi činioci različitog
porekla pre svega vrsta goriva za grejanje domaćinstava i industrijska postrojenja.
Ključne reči: SARS-CoV-2, kvalitet vazduha, zagađivači, urbana sredina.
71
LABORATORY RESEARCH ON ACID LEACHING OF Cu, Zn

AND In FROM JAROSITE WASTE

Mining and Metallurgy Institute Bor, Zeleni bulevar 35, 19210 Bor, Serbia
The paper presents the results of treatment of technogenic raw materials by the
leaching process in order to valorize economically valuable metals Cu, Zn and In and
minimize the negative impact of leached residue on the environment. First, the
sample was homogenized, and then granulometric, XRD and chemical analysis of the
jarosite sample was done. The leaching agents used in experiments were HCl, HNO 3,
NaCl and H2SO4. Investigations have shown that the most acceptable method for the
treatment of jarosite is leaching of jarosite using sulfuric acid, where the best leaching
of Cu, Zn and In was obtained, namely 93.76%, 91.64 and 97.59%, respectively.
Keywords: hydrometallurgy, leaching, jarosite, copper, zinc, indium.
LABORATORIJSKA ISTRAŽIVANJA LUŽENJA Cu, Zn i In

IZ OTPADNOG TALOGA JAROZITA

Institut za rudarstvo i metalurgiju Bor, Zeleni bulevar 35, 19210 Bor, Srbija
U radu su prikazani rezultati tretmana tehnogene sirovine, otpadnog taloga jarozita

postupkom luženja radi valorizacije ekonomski vrednih metala Cu, Zn i In i
minimiziranja negativnog uticaja lužnog ostatka na zivotnu sredinu. Najpre je uzorak
homogenizovan, a zatim je uradjena granulometrijska, XRD i hemijska analiza uzorka
jarozita. Primenjeni agensi za proces luženja bili su HCl, HNO3, NaCl i H2SO4.
Istraživanja su pokazala da je najprihvatljiviji postupak tretmana jarozita luženje jarozita
sumpornom kiselinom, pri čemu su dobijena najbolja izluženja Cu, Zn i In i to 93,76%,
91,64 i 97,59% respektivno.
Ključne reči: hidrometalurgija, luženje, jarozit, bakar, cink, indijum.
72
ENZYME ACTIVITY ANALYSIS AT RECULTIVATION OF DISTURBED

SOILS IN THE TAZ PENINSULA (RUSSIA)
Vladimir N. Bashkin1, Rauf V. Galiulin2

1Institute of Physicochemical and Biological Problems of Soil Science of Russian
Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russian Federation,

2Institute of Basic Biological Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino,
Moscow Region, 142290, Russian Federation
Enzyme activity analysis, i.e., catalase and dehydrogenase activity analysis was used
at control of recultivation process for mechanically disturbed soils in the impacted
ecosystems of a gas production company in the Taz peninsula (The Yamalo-Nenets
autonomous district, north of West Siberia, Russia). Regeneration of a vegetable
cover as self-restoration of the disturbed soils was diagnosed by the catalase activity
analysis, and efficiency of peat addition to disturbed soils recultivation was diagnosed
by the dehydrogenase activity analysis.
Keywords: the Taz peninsula, mechanically disturbed soils, recultivation, regeneration

of vegetative cover, peat addition, enzyme activity analysis, catalase and dihydrogen-
ase activity.
АНАЛИЗ ФЕРМЕНТИВНОЙ АКТИВНОСТИ ПРИ ВОССТАНОВЛЕНИИ

НАРУШЕННЫХ ПОЧВ НА ПОЛУОСТРОВЕ ТАЗ (РОССИЯ)
Владимир Н. Башкин1, Рауф В. Галиулин2

1Институт физико-химических и биологических проблем почвоведения РАН,
Пущино, Московская область, 142290, Российская Федерация,
2Институт фундаментальных биологических проблем РАН, Пущино,
Московская область, 142290, Российская Федерация
Анализ активности ферментов, т.е. анализ активности каталазы и дегидрогеназы,

использовался при контроле процесса рекультивации механически нарушенных
почв в экосистемах газодобывающего предприятия на полуострове Таз (Ямало-
Ненецкий автономный округ, север Западной Сибири, Россия). Регенерация
растительного покрова как самовосстановление нарушенных почв определялась
анализом активности каталазы, а эффективность добавления торфа в ходе
рекультивации нарушенных почв - анализом активности дегидрогеназы.
Ключевые слова: полуостров Таз, механически нарушенные почвы, рекульти-

вация, восстановление растительного покрова, торфодобыча, анализ активности
ферментов, активность каталазы и дигидрогеназы.
73
74
Section 2
ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY AND

ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION
Sekcija 2
EKONOMSKA ODRŽIVOST I
ZAŠTITA ŽIVOTNE SREDINE
BALANCE OF INTERESTS OF THE STATE AND GLOBAL ICT BUSINESS
Academician William Sarian1, Dr Viktor Levashov2, Oksana Grebnyak2, Dr Elena

Salomatina3
1FSUE
Scientific Research Institute of Radio, Moscow, Russia
2ISPI FCTIS RAS, Moscow, Russia
3PSU named after T.G. Shevchenko, Tiraspol, Pridnestrovie, Moldova
In the era of global technological transition, the socio-political and legally verified
implementation of ICT becomes an imperative for the survival of civilizations, countries
and peoples. The state is interested in innovations, as they provide the economy and the
population with digital services and services necessary for biosphere and socio-cultural
development. Before the onset of the covid pandemic, many politicians believed that a
balance had been achieved between the interests of global IT companies, which allowed
them to receive super-profits on the territory of sovereign states, with the help of ICTs.
However, the pandemic has clearly shown that the above balance can be easily upset.
When designing, IT companies laid down the possibility of external unauthorized
interference in the internal life of sovereign countries, the state, giving permission for the
introduction of ICT, does not provide for these threats. The second year of the pandemic
showed, using the example of the United States, Russia, China, Turkey, the hidden
dangerous opportunities of global IT companies, which lead to the destabilization of social
and economic life and threats to infringement of the sovereignty of the state.
In this regard, in the scientific community, in particular, within the framework of the IX
Moscow Legal Week, a discussion about the expediency of introducing state control over
the implementation and operation of information technologies in the Russian Federation
was launched. In the course of these discussions, the authors proposed a project to
create an adequate tool - a three-step procedure for assigning the letter of the State
Standard of the Russian Federation only to those IT companies that voluntarily and
consciously provide for a procedure for the state's operational intervention in their work if it
is necessary to stop the destructive impact on the social, economic and political life of the
country. In accordance with the historically established division of institutional functions in
the system of relations between society, the state and business, and in order to ensure
sustainable and safe development at this stage of civilization development, it is advisable
for IT giants to carry out their activities to make a profit under the control of the state.
Each state can and should create its own instruments for maintaining the balance of
interests, based on its technological readiness and economic capabilities. But the
pandemic has shown that mass information and ICT in the era of globalization can be
used to carry out large-scale destructive manipulation operations, which, like world wars
and social revolutions, can lead to colossal human and material losses. In these
conditions, interdisciplinary research becomes crucial, in which, at the boundaries of
technical, political, legal, medical sciences, researchers have the opportunity from
different angles to create a reliable picture of a complex interdependent world, to give
recommendations for minimizing material, spiritual, socio-political, racial, gender and other
disparities, creating a balance of interests of the state and global ICT business.
Keywords: global technological transition, ICT, global IT companies, COVID-19 pandemic.
Supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research (KFBR) within the framework of
scientific project No. 20-011-00749.
77
БАЛАНС ИНТЕРЕСОВ ГОСУДАРСТВА И ГЛОБАЛЬНОГО ИКТ БИЗНЕСА
Академик Вильям Карпович Сарьян1, д-р Виктор Константинович Левашов2,

Оксана Валерьевна Гребняк2, к.т.н. Елена Васильевна Саломатина3
1ФГУП НИИР, Москва, Россия; 2ИСПИ ФНИСЦ РАН, Москва, Россия
3ПГУ им. Т.Г. Шевченко, Тирасполь, Приднестровье, Молдова
В эпоху глобального технологического цифрового перехода социально-политически и

юридически выверенное внедрение ИКТ становится императивом выживания цивилизаций,
стран и народов. Государство заинтересовано в инновациях, так как они обеспечивают
экономику и население цифровыми услугами и сервисами, необходимыми для устойчивого
биосферного и социокультурного развития. До начала ковид-пандемии многие политики
считали, что между интересами глобальных ИТ-компаний, которым разрешили получать
сверхприбыль на территории суверенных государств, и интересами государства, которое с
помощью ИКТ получило новые информационные возможности управления промышленными
и социальными процессами, достигнут баланс. Однако пандемия наглядно показала, что
упомянутый выше баланс может быть легко нарушен. ИТ-компании при проектировании
заложили возможности внешнего несанкционированного вмешательства во внутреннюю
жизнь суверенных стран, а государство, давая разрешение на внедрение ИКТ, не
предусмотрело эти угрозы. Второй год пандемии проявил, на примере США, РФ, Китая,
Турции скрытые опасные возможности глобальных ИТ-компаний, действия которых привели
к дестабилизации социальной и экономической жизни и угрозам ущемления суверенитета
государства. В связи с этим в научном сообществе, в частности в рамках проведения «IX
Московской юридической недели» развернулась дискуссия о целесообразности введения
государственного управления внедрением и функционированием информационных
технологий на территории РФ. В ходе этих дискуссий авторы предложили проект создания
адекватного инструмента – трехступенчатой процедуры присвоения литеры Госстандарта
РФ только тем ИТ-компаниям, которые добровольно и осознанно предусматривают
процедуру оперативного вмешательства государства в их работу в случае необходимости
прекращения деструктивного воздействия на социальную, экономическую и политическую
жизнь страны. В соответствии с исторически сложившимся разделением институциональных
функций в системе отношений социума, государства и бизнеса и для обеспечения
устойчивого и безопасного развития на данном этапе развития цивилизации ИТ-гигантам
целесообразно осуществлять свою деятельность для получения прибыли под контролем
государства. Каждое государство может и должно создавать свои инструменты поддержания
баланса интересов, исходя из своей технологической готовности и экономических
возможностей. Но пандемия показала, что массовая информация и ИКТ в эпоху
глобализации могут использоваться для реализации масштабных деструктивных
манипуляционных операций, которые подобно мировым войнам и социальным революциям,
могут привести к колоссальным людским и материальным потерям. В этих условиях
решающее значение приобретают междисциплинарные исследования, в которых на
границах технических, политических, правовых, медицинских наук исследователи имеют
возможность с разных ракурсов создать достоверную картину сложного взаимозависимого
мира, дать рекомендации для минимизации материальных, духовных, социально-
политических, расовых, гендерных и других диспаритетов, создания баланса интересов
государства и глобального ИКТ бизнеса.
Ключевые слова: глобальный технологический переход, ИКТ, глобальные ИТ-компании,

пандемия COVID-19.
Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научного

проекта № 20-011-00749.
78
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TO IMPROVE EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
Prof. dr. Elena Salomatina1, Academician of NAS RA, prof. dr. William Saryan2
1PSU T.G. Shevchenko, Tiraspol, Transnistria, Moldova
2FSUE NIIR, Moscow, Russian Federation
Due to human and material losses (existing and potential) increasing on a non-linear
scale, the level of risk in the near future may reach unacceptably high values and
make serious adjustments to the economic development of any country. This
conclusion is associated not only with the Covid-19 pandemic, the in-creased
frequency of emergencies of natural and man-made origin, but also with the loss of
human adaptive capabilities when interacting with the environment.
To reduce risk indicators, it is necessary to ensure real-time management of the
behavior of each person in the emergency area. The solution to this problem is
complicated by the formation of a hyperconnected world, in which any interaction,
especially informational, in addition to positive aspects, can cause a num-ber of
negative side effects. Under these conditions, the rational management of various
processes that operate on different temporal, spatial, organizational scales, becomes
important.
Advances in information, telecommunications and networking technologies are
leading to the emergence of new large-scale intelligent environments: smart grids,
cyber-physical systems, smart cities. The need to combine multiple systems in an
intelligent collaboration environment is becoming a standard requirement.
In the area of emergency response, services are delivered by a system of largely
independent and pre-existing systems. Its individual components are hierarchically
linked and interact with each other through a network. Other parts of the system work
autonomously and interact informally, and the possibility of adding new systems is
also provided. Such a system can be considered as a System of Systems (SoS). In
this model, 3 levels can be distinguished: the lower one contains systems belonging
to the same infrastructure; individual infrastructures interact at the middle level at the
highest level is the global system-systems. An SoS is defined as an interconnected
collection of multiple, heterogeneous, distributed systems that collectively can cause
emergent behavior, where each system is a process or set of processes.
The existing networks do not allow to meet the new needs for innovative services to
the required ex-tent. They cannot simultaneously take into account the growth of data
volumes, the complexity of the generated data and guarantee the necessary
bandwidth, reliability and adaptability. Operators face a lack of flexibility in
communication networks, an increase in their complexity and an increase in the cost
of their operation. The network requires a more advanced network management
system.
79
The driving force behind the new wave of intelligent systems is the convergence of
the digital infra-structure of 5G communication networks, the Internet of Things (IoT),
and artificial intelligence technologies. Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming the
communications industry and empowering operators to manage their networks in a
more organic and cost-effective manner. The integration of smart devices with
artificial intelligence makes devices smart. The integration of various machine
learning algorithms into smart devices helps to make smarter predictions. For
emergencies, even without knowing the nature and timing of the emergency, raising
awareness of the possibility of an unexpected event will reduce the likelihood of
crossing the “critical threshold”.
5G technologies and future B5G / 6G are needed to support smart devices. AI can
analyze huge amounts of data generated from multiple sources. It can be used to
optimize various functions such as fault monitoring and user tracking on a wireless
network. AI-powered resource management mechanisms enable smarter and more
dynamic network decisions.
Keywords: artificial intelligence, internet of things, smart grids, smart cities, multiple
systems, emergency management.
ИСКУССТВЕННЫЙ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТ ДЛЯ УЛУЧШЕНИЯ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ

ЧРЕЗВЫЧАЙНЫМИ СИТУАЦИЯМИ
доцент, к.т.н. Елена Васильевна Саломатина1,

академик НАН РА, профессор, д.т.н. Вильям Карпович Сарьян2
1ПГУ им. Т.Г. Шевченко, Тирасполь, Приднестровье, Молдавия
2ФГУП НИИР, Москва, Российская Федерация
Из-за возрастающих в нелинейном масштабе человеческих и материальных

потерь (существующих и потенциальных) уровень риска в ближайшем будущем
может достигнуть недопустимо больших значений и внести серьезные
коррективы в экономическое развитие любой страны. Данный вывод связан не
только с пандемией Covid-19, участившимися ЧС природного и техногенного
происхождения, но и утратой человеком адаптационных возможностей при
взаимодействии с окружающей средой.
Для уменьшения показателей риска необходимо обеспечить управление в
реальном масштабе времени поведением каждого человека в зоне ЧС.
Решение данной задачи осложняется формированием гиперсвзанного мира, в
котором любое взаимодействие, а особенно информационное, кроме
положительных моментов может вызвать ряд побочных негативных эффектов.
В этих условиях важное значение приобретает рациональное управление
разнообразными процессами, которые действуют в различных временных,
пространственных, организационных масштабах.
80
Достижения в области информационных, телекоммуникационных и сетевых

технологий приводят к появлению новых крупномасштабных интеллектуальных
сред: интеллектуальные сети, киберфизические системы, умные города.
Необходимость объединения несколько систем в интеллектуальной среде для
совместной работы становится стандартным требованием.
В сфере реагирования на чрезвычайные ситуации услуги предоставляются
системой, состоящей из в значительной степени независимых, и уже
существующих систем. Отдельные ее компоненты иерархически связаны и
взаимодействуют друг с другом через сеть. Другие части системы работают
автономно и взаимодействуют неформально, также заложена возможность
добавления новых систем. Подобную систему можно рассматривать как
cистему-cистем (System of Systems – SoS). В данной модели можно выделить 3
уровня: на нижнем находятся системы, принадлежащие одной инфраструктуре;
на среднем уровне взаимодействуют отдельные инфраструктуры; на высшем
уровне находится глобальная система-систем. SoS определяется как
взаимосвязанная совокупность множественных, разнородных, распределенных
систем, которые в совокупности могут вызывать эмерджентное поведение, где
каждая система представляет собой процесс или набор процессов.
Существующие сети не позволяют в требуемой мере обеспечить новые
потребности в инновационных услугах. Они не могут одновременно учитывать
рост объемов данных, сложность генерируемых данных и гарантировать
необходимую пропускную способность, надежность и адаптируемость.
Операторы сталкиваются с недостаточной гибкостью сетей связи, увеличением
их сложности и ростом стоимости их эксплуатации. Для сети требуется более
совершенная система управления сетью.
Движущей силой новой волны интеллектуальных систем является конвергенция
цифровой инфраструктуры сетей связи 5G, Интернета вещей (IoT), технологий
искусственного интеллекта. Искусственный интеллект (ИИ) оказывает
трансформирующее влияние на отрасль связи и предоставляет операторам
возможность управлять своими сетями более органичным и экономичным
образом. Интеграция умных устройств с искусственным интеллектом делает
устройства интеллектуальными. Интеграция различных алгоритмов машинного
обучения в интеллектуальные устройства помогает делать более
интеллектуальные прогнозы. Применительно к чрезвычайным ситуация, даже
не зная характер и время ЧС, повышение осведомленности о возможности
неожиданного события снизит вероятность пересечения «критического порога».
Технологии 5G и будущие B5G/6G необходимы для поддержки
интеллектуальных устройств. ИИ может анализировать огромные объемы
данных, генерируемых из нескольких источников. Его можно использовать для
оптимизации различных функций, таких как мониторинг неисправностей и
отслеживание пользователей в беспроводной сети. Механизмы управления
ресурсами, основанные на искусственном интеллекте, позволяют принимать
более интеллектуальные и динамичные сетевые решения.
Ключевые слова: Ключевые слова: искусственный интеллект, интернет вещей,

умные сети, умные города, системы систем, управление чрезвычайными
ситуациями.
81
DEVELOPMENT OF THE IUSA OBJECT EXPERT SYSTEM BASED ON

THE STANDARDS AND REQUIREMENTS OF FIRE SAFETY
Academician William Sarian, Dr. Rodion Yakoubovsky
Scientific Research Institute of Radio (FSUE), Moscow, Russia
In a critical situation, the most important condition for salvation is the correct
organization and coordination of the actions of people and the means of rendering
assistance. An effective solution to the problem requires up-to-date monitoring of
forecasting the development of emergency situations, localization and condition of
subscribers and the environment, and an effective communication system. In this
article, using the example of an emergency - fire, it will be shown how to organize full
compliance of the facility expert part with emergency standards. The individualized
service for managing the rescue of subscribers (IUSA) is a mass information service
that should reduce the increased human and material losses from emergencies of
natural and man-made origin. The IUSA system consists of three-level interconnected
object, regional and global components of monitoring and expert systems that make
up expert systems. Since we are talking about saving people, it is very important to
reveal the system of administration of the IUSA. The key point in this case is to
determine how the facilities comply with the warning and monitoring systems adopted
by the standards and specifications of the Ministry of Emergencies.
The proposed IUSA system, meeting all the requirements of standards and
recommendations for safety in emergency situations, expands its capabilities by
instantly alerting subscribers. By adding instant localization of the subscriber, escape
routes are calculated not statically, but taking into account the real and predicted
situation.
The use of local (Wi-Fi, Bluetooth) localization systems allows you to accurately
determine the position of subscribers inside the facility. Localization systems begin to
work only at the time of an emergency. This allows protect it from hacking and comply
with individual privacy standards.
Global navigation systems (GLONASS, GPS) are used to localize subscribers outside
buildings. Notification in regional and global systems is made only in the area falling
under the emergency situation, taking into account the notification of subscribers who
may get into the emergency area.
Thus, by adding instant localization of the subscriber, evacuation routes are
calculated not statically, but taking into account the real situation.
The system for assessing the physical condition of the IUSA subscriber makes it
possible to assess the ability to self-evacuation. If necessary, make a decision on
third-party assistance from the rescuers.
Keywords: IUSA object expert system, global navigation system, communication

system, fire safety, emergency situation.
82
THE GREEN PLAN OF THE EUROPEAN UNION - NEW GUIDELINES FOR

MEETING THE CHALLENGES IN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
Zorančo Vasilkov1, Slobodan Petrović2, Jelena Vuković1, Dragana Lazić1,

Aleksandar Damnjanović1
1Facultyof Business and Law, University MB, Belgrade, Serbia
2Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Business Academy, Novi Sad, Serbia
Since its founding until today, the European Union has been a leader in international
protection in the field of environmental protection. There are three important factors
that have influenced the EU's dominant position in environmental protection. The first
refers to the respect of international agreements and conventions that have
conditioned the emergence of international environmental norms within the United
Nations, as well as the development of awareness that the environment is a common
good of humanity that requires coordinated and effective protection measures. The
second factor is woven into the primary law of the Union, where environmental
protection is high on the list of priorities and related to the economic and social
development of the Union and its regions. A third no less important factor is the
constant development of environmental protection mechanisms by adopting detailed,
elaborated and related guidelines within the framework of EU environmental
strategies.
The European Green Deal is one of the strategies that revises and ambitiously sets
deadlines for the realization of environmental goals in accordance with the principle of
sustainable development. With the adoption of the strategy in December 2019, the
aim is to transform the society within the EU into a just and prosperous society with a
modern, resource efficient and competitive economy in which there will be no net
greenhouse gas emissions in 2050 and in which economic growth is not associated
with resource use. This goal should be achieved not only by harmonization between
Member States but also by active implementation and realization of public policies in
the field of: 1) EU climate actions for 2030 and 2050, 2) clean and secure energy
supply, 3) mobilization of industry for establishing clean and circular economy, 4)
construction and renovation in the construction sector with efficient use of energy and
resources, 5) faster transition to sustainable and smart mobility, 6) "from field to
table": a fair and healthy food system that is environmentally friendly, 7) preservation
and restoration of ecosystems and biological diversity, and 8) achieving zero pollution
rates for non-toxic environment. To this end, the Green Plan envisages the inclusion
of sustainability in all EU policies.
Keywords: green plan, sustainable development, clean energy, smart mobility,

climate action.
83
ZELENI PLAN EVROPSKE UNIJE - NOVE SMERNICE ZA SUOČAVANJE

SA IZAZOVIMA U ZAŠTITI ŽIVOTNE SREDINE
Zorančo Vasilkov1, Slobodan Petrović2, Jelena Vuković1, Dragana Lazić1,

Aleksandar Damnjanović1
1Poslovni i pravni fakultet, Univerzitet MB, Beograd, Srbija
2Fakultet društvenih nauka, Univerzitet Privredna akademija Novi Sad, Srbija
Od svog osnivanja do danas Evropska unija je u medjunarodnim okvirima lider u

zaštiti životne sredine. Tri su bitna faktora koja su uticala na dominantnu poziciju EU
u zaštiti životne sredine. Prvi se odnosi na poštovanje međunarodnih sporazuma i
konvencija koje su u okviru Ujedinjenih nacija uslovile nastanak međunaronopravnih
normi zaštite životne sredine kao i razvoj svesti da životna sredina predstavja
zajedničko dobro čovečanstva koje zahteva koordinirane i efikasne mere zaštite.
Drugi faktor je utkan u primarno pravo Unije gde je zaštita životne sredine visoko na
listi prioriteta i povezana sa privrednim i društvenim razvojem Unije i njenih regiona.
Treći, ne manje važan faktor je konstantan razvoj mehanizama zaštite životne
sredine donošenjem detaljnih, razrađjenih i povezanih smernica u okviru strategija
EU za zaštitu životne sredine.
Evropski zeleni plan (European Green Deal) je danas jedna od strategija koja revidira
i ambiciozno postavlja rokove za relizaciju ciljeva zaštite životne sredine u skladu sa
načelom održivog razvoja. Usvajanjem strategije u decembru 2019. godine, teži se
trasformaciji društa unutar EU u pravedno i prosperitetno društvo sa modernom,
resursno efikasnom i konkurentnom privredom u kojoj 2050. godine neće biti neto
emisije gasova sa efektom staklene bašte i u kojem privredni rast nije povezan sa
upotrebom resursa. Ovaj cilj bi trebalo postići ne samo usklađivanjem između država
članica već i aktivnim sprovođenjem i realizacijom javnih politika u oblasti: 1)
klimatskih akcija EU za 2030. i 2050. godinu, 2) snabdevanja čistom i sigurnom
energijom, 3) mobilizacije industrije za uspostavljanje čiste i cirkularne privrede, 4)
izgradnje i obnove u građevinskom sektoru uz efikasnu upotrebu energije i resursa,
5) bržeg prelaska na održivu i pametnu mobilnost, 6) „od polja do stola“: pravedni i
zdrav prehrambeni sistem koji je prihvatljiv za životnu sredinu, 7) očuvanja i obnove
ekosistema i biološke raznolikosti i 8) ostvarivanja nulte stope zagađenja za
netoksičnu životnu sredinu. Za ove ciljeve Zeleni plan predviđa uključivanje održivosti
u sve politike EU.
Kjučne reči: zeleni plan, održivi razvoj, čista energija, pametna mobilnost, klimatska
akcija.
84
IMPORT OF GOODS IN SERBIA DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Ana Čučulović1, Jelena Stanojković1, Rodoljub Čučulović2, Dragan Veselinović3

1University of Belgrade, Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, Zemun, Serbia
2University of Union Nikola Tesla, Faculty of Business and Law, Belgrade, Serbia
3University of Belgrade, Faculty of Physical Chemistry, Belgrade, Serbia
Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy – INEP is an authorized legal entity for
measuring the content of radionuclides in drinking water, food, animal feed, mineral
fertilizers, medicines, general purpose items, construction material, ores, primary
metal products, mineral raw materials, secondary raw materials and other goods. In
the first half of 2020 in INEP were analyzed 1821samples (1299 food, 4 feed, 51
items of general use, 120 mineral fertilizers and 347 others), which is 57% more than
in 2019. This speaks in favor of the fact, that the population of Serbia in first peak of
COVID-19 was provided with consumer goods despite the pandemic, unlike many
countries in Europe where scarcity was recorded.
Keywords: radionuclides, import, analysis, INEP, COVID-19, Serbia
UVOZ ROBE U SRBIJU TOKOM COVID-19 PANDEMIJE
Ana Čučulović1, Jelena Stanojković1, Rodoljub Čučulović2, Dragan Veselinović3

1Univerzitet u Beogradu, Institut za primenu nuklearne energije, Zemun, Srbija
2Univerzitet Union Nikola Tesla, Fakultet za poslovne studije i pravo, Beograd, Srbija
3Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet za fizičku hemiju, Beograd, Srbija
Institut za primenu nuklearne energije - INEP je ovlašćeno pravno lice za poslove

merenja sadržaja radionuklida u vodi za piće, životnim namirnicama, stočnoj hrani,
veštačkim đubrivima, lekovima, predmetima opšte upotrebe, građevinskom
materijalu, rudama, metalnim proizvodima primarnog oblika, mineralnim sirovinama,
sekundarnim sirovinama i drugoj robi. U INEP-u je u prvoj polovini 2020. godine
analiziran 1821 uzorak (1299 namirnica, 4 stočne hrane, 51 predmeta opšte
upotrebe, 120 veštačkih đubriva i 347 ostalo), što je za 57% više u odnosu na 2019.
Ovo govori u prilog tome da je stanovništvo Srbije u prvom piku COVID-19 bilo
obezbeđeno robom široke potrošnje uprkos pandemiji, za razliku od mnogih zemalja
u Evropi gde su zabeležene nestašice.
Ključne reči: radionuklidi, uvoz, analiza, INEP, COVID-19, Srbija
85
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
prof. dr Mario Lukinović¹, emeritus prof. dr Larisa Jovanović2

1Faculty of Law, Union University, Belgrade, Serbia
The period of one year from the official declaration of the pandemic is long enough to
be able to report certain conclusions about its impact. The impact of the COVID-19
pandemic on life on our Planet is fascinating, social relations (quarantine measures,
physical distancing, etc.), economic decline, collapse of many trade, financial and
commodity channels, elimination of a huge number of jobs, etc.) have not only a
strong impact on social and societal movements but also on the environment. The
impact of the pandemic on air, water and soil pollution so far is strong and it is argued
that the anthropogenic factor is crucial to the state of the environment.
Keywords: COVID-19, ecological footprint, anthropogenic factor, water, soil, air,

environment, pollution.
UTICAJ PANDEMIJE COVID-19 NA ŽIVOTNU SREDINU
prof. dr Mario Lukinović¹, emeritus prof. dr Larisa Jovanović2

1Pravni fakultet Univerziteta Union, Beograd, Srbija
2ALFA BK Univerzitet, Beograd, Srbija
Period od godinu dana od zvaničnog proglašenja pandemije, u dovoljnoj meri je

dugačak da bi se mogli izvesti pojedini zaključci o njenom uticaju. Uticaj pandemije
oboljenja COVID-19 na život na našoj Planeti je fascinantan, socijalni odnosi (mere
karantina, fizičko distanciranje i sl.), privredni pad (kolaps mnogih trgovinskih,
finansijskih i robnih kanala, ukidanje ogromnog broja radnih mesta i dr.) nemaju samo
snažan uticaj na socijalna i društvena kretanja već i na životnu sredinu. Dosadašnji
uticaj pandemije na zagađenje vazduha, vode i zemljišta, pokazao je i dokaze da je
antorpogeni faktor u savremenom svetu ključan za stanje životne sredine.
Ključne reči: COVID-19, ekološki otisak, antropogeni faktor, voda, zemljište, vazduh,
životna sredina, zagađenje.
86
THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON ECONOMIC

DEVELOPMENT
Aleksandra Vuković1, Dejan Riznić2, Adrijana Jevtić2

1Railway School of Vocational Studies, Z. Čelara 14, Belgrade, Serbia
2University of Belgrade, Technical Faculty Bor, Vojske Jugoslavije 12, Bor, Serbia
The recent changes in the world’s economy, society and the environment are so large
that the past is no longer a reliable guide to the future. Climate change illustrates this
the most, and, during the last year (2020), the whole world and each person faced a
crisis with harm consequences for life. Also, global uncertainty and challenges have
not been seen since the Second World War. Although the coronavirus (COVID-19)
has caused a lot of suffering to many families in Serbia and around the world, it has
led to some unforeseen positive phenomena such as, for instance, a clear blue sky in
densely populated urban areas, and, an unprecedented degree of innovation and
solidarity. As modern societies tend to recover their health systems, one can also
accelerate progress toward sustainable development. There are good examples,
starting from e-commerce to the general phenomenon of working from home with the
help of technology and the organization of distance learning.
In order to identify and find out new solutions, we need firstly to understand the
impact of the pandemic on the people, institutions, businesses and the environment.
This crisis leaves a deep footprint and consequences on the economy of many
devastated countries. We have come to a situation where we live in a time in which
not only natural disasters, but also health crises appear as a rule, and, the impacts of
these unpredicted events are long-lasting; it is difficult to rebuild the economy in a
short period of time. The initial assumption of this paper is that these problems have
not decreased; in fact, they will increase. This paper deals with the data analysis of
the Covid-19 pandemic in Serbia, highlighting adopted measures to overcome this
health and economic crisis.
Keywords: economic effects, pandemic crisis, COVID-19, change, economics.
87
UTICAJ PANDEMIJE COVID-19 NA EKONOMSKI RAZVOJ
Aleksandra Vuković1, Dejan Riznić2, Adrijana Jevtić2

1Visoka železnička škola strukovnih studija, Z. Čelara 14, Beograd, Srbija
2Univerzitet u Beogradu, Tehnički fakultet Bor, Vojske Jugoslavije 12, Bor, Srbija
Nedavne promene u ekonomiji, društvu i prirodnoj sredini u svetu su toliko velike, da

prošlost više nije pouzdan vodič za budućnost. Klimatske promene to najviše
ilustruju, a tokom 2020. godine ceo svet i svako od nas se suočio i sa krizom sa
velikim posledicama na život, ali i do globalne neizvesnosti i izazova kakvi nisu viđeni
još od Drugog svetskog rata. Iako je Covid-19 prouzrokovao mnogo patnje mnogim
porodicama u Srbiji i širom sveta, doveo je i do nekih nepredviđenih pozitivnih pojava,
poput vedrog i čistog plavog neba u gusto naseljenim urbanim sredinama pa sve do
nezapamćenog stepena inovacija i solidarnosti. Dok se bavimo oporavkom
zdravstvenih sistema, možemo da ubrzamo napredak i ka održivom razvoju. Tu su
dobri primeri, počev od e-trgovine pa do opšte pojave rada od kuće uz pomoć
tehnologije i organizacije školovanja na daljinu.
Da bismo mogli da identifikujemo i iznađemo nova rešenja, najpre treba da
razumemo uticaj pandemije na ljude, institucije, poslovanje i životnu sredinu u kojoj
živimo. Ova kriza ostavlja dubok trag i posledice na ekonomiju mnogih razorenih
zemalja. Došli smo u situaciju da živimo u vremenu u kome su ne samo prirodne
katastrofe, već i ovakva zdravstvena katastrofa normalna pojava, a posledice tih
katastrofa su večite, jer je teško obnoviti privredu u kratkom vremenskom periodu.
Rad polazi od teze da se ovakvi problemi nisu smanjili, zapravo, oni su u porastu.
Ovaj rad analizira podatke o razmerama pandemije u Srbiji, uz naglasak na
usvojenim merama za prevazilaženje ove zdravstvene i ekonomske krize.
Ključne reči: ekonomski efekti, pandemijska kriza, COVID-19, promene, privreda.
88
IMPLICATIONS OF COVID-19 FOR INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS
ALFA BK University, Belgrade, Serbia
The paper is dedicated to the analysis of the effects and consequences of the
pandemic COVID-19 on the leading economies of the world, as well as in Serbia. The
pandemic has its dramatic implications for economic growth and development which
have reflected on the reduction of GDP on a global level. The huge impact of the
pandemic due to quarantine measures and state closures, is evident in all sectors of
the economy and particularly in the international business activity. The key concept of
the analysis is that the virus is as ‘contagious’ economically, as it is medically. On one
side, it is a result of globalization, on the other, it reframes it and requires a strong
institutional retreat. Desk research is based on the available external and internal
resources. The results of the analysis clearly indicate that economic measures have
significantly mitigated the effects of the pandemic so that in the third quarter of 2020,
the world's largest economies China, the European Union and the United States, are
recording economic recovery, but also provoke a decisive move to green economy
and sustainable development.
Keywords: COVID-19, pandemic, economy, international business, green business.
IMPLIKACIJE COVID-19 ZA MEĐUNARODNO POSLOVANJE
ALFA BK Univerzitet, Beograd, Srbija
Rad je posvećen analizi efekata i posledica pandemije COVID-19 na vodeće

ekonomije sveta, kao i u Srbiji. Pandemija ima dramatične implikacije na ekonomski
rast i razvoj koji se reflektovao kroz smanjenje BDP-a na globalnom nivou. Ogroman
uticaj pandemije usled karantinskih mera i zaključavanja država, očigledan je u svim
sektorima privredne aktivnosti a posebno u međunarodnom poslovanju. Ključni
koncept analize je da je virus ekonomski jednako „zarazan“ kao i medicinski. S jedne
strane, to je rezultat globalizacije, s druge strane, preoblikuje je i zahteva snažno
institucionalno povlačenje. Desk istraživanje se zasniva na dostupnim eksternim i
internim resursima. Rezultati analize jasno ukazuju da su ekonomske mere značajno
ublažile efekte pandemije tako da u trećem kvartalu 2020. godine najveće svetske
ekonomije Kina, Evropska unija i Sjedinjene Države beleže ekonomski oporavak, ali i
izrazito odlučan prelazak na zelenu ekonomiju i unapređenje koncepta održivog
razvoja.
Ključne reči: COVID-19, pandemija, ekonomija, međunarodno poslovanje, zeleni

biznis.
89
ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

(THE CASE OF SERBIA)
Jovana Kisin1, Svetlana Mihić1, Jelena Ignjatović2

1Educons University, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia
2Dairy Šabac A.D., Šabac, Serbia
The COVID-19 pandemic, in addition to the global health crisis, has strongly
threatened global economic growth and development. Today, in the second year of
the pandemic, Serbia has been hit hard by the fourth wave, extending the crisis and
uncertainty. The length and depth of the economic consequences that await us, as
well as the duration of the economic recovery, are still great unknown. The question
inevitably arises, what are the economic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic in
terms of development, growth or decline, on a small, open and dependent economy
such as Serbia? Despite the pandemic, in order to achieve the planned economic
development, Serbia maintains continuity and its commitment to key national
priorities - increasing public investment through capital investments in the health
system, transport, energy and communal infrastructure. Considering that the goal of
economic development is to create conditions for expanding the material base of the
entiry society in order to ensure social welfare, this paper is dedicated to the analysis
of economic aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic in the case of the Republic of
Serbia. The paper presents the priorities economic development of Serbia, its
attempts to maintain the development strategy despite pandemic conditions, as well
as preparation for the future challenges in order to improve the economic perspective
and preservation of the economic activity. Also, relevant macroeconomic indicators
were researched and presented, as measures of the current state of the economy
affected by the pandemic, together with proposals for faster economic development
of Serbia in the post-pandemic period.
Keywords: economic consequences, development, growth, COVID-19 pandemic,

Serbia.
90
EKONOMSKI ASPEKTI PANDEMIJE COVID-19

(SLUČAJ REPUBLIKE SRBIJE)
Jovana Kisin1, Svetlana Mihić1, Jelena Ignjatović2

1Univerzitet Educons, Sremska Kamenica, Srbija
2Mlekara Šabac A.D., Šabac, Srbija
Pandemija COVID-19, pored zdravstvene krize svetskih razmera, snažno je ugrozila

globalni ekonomski rast i razvoj. Danas, u drugoj godini pandemije, Srbiju je uveliko
zahvatio četvrti talas, produžavajući krizu i neizvesnost. Još uvek su velike
nepoznanice dužina i dubina ekonomskih posledica koje nas čekaju, kao i trajanje
ekonomskog oporavka. Neizostavno se postavlja pitanje kakve su ekonomske
posledice pandemije COVID-19 u pogledu razvoja, rasta odnosno pada, na malu,
otvorenu i zavisnu privredu kakva je Srbija? Uprkos pandemiji, kako bi se ostvario
planirani ekonomski razvoj, Srbija zadržava kontinuitet kroz posvećenost ključnim
nacionalnim prioritetima – povećanje javnih investicija kroz kapitalna ulaganja u
zdravstveni sistem, saobraćajnu, energetsku i komunalnu infrastrukturu. Obzirom da
je cilj ekonomskog razvoja stvaranje uslova za širenje materijalne baze celog društva
radi obezbeđenja društvenog blagostanja, ovaj rad je posvećen analizi ekonomskih
aspekata pandemije COVID-19 u slučaju Republike Srbije. U radu su predstavljeni
prioriteti ekonomskog razvoja Srbije, pokušaji očuvanja razvojne strategije uprkos
pandemijskim uslovima, kao i priprema za buduće izazove u cilju bolje ekonomske
perspektive i očuvanja privredne aktivnosti. Takođe, istraženi su i prikazani relevantni
makroekonomski pokazatelji, kao merila aktuelnog stanja privrede pogođene
pandemijom, zajedno sa predlozima za brži ekonomski razvoj Srbije u
postpandemijskom periodu.
Ključne reči: ekonomske posledice, razvoj, rast, pandemija COVID-19, Srbija.
91
"FROM FARM TO FORK" - SYMBIOSIS OF FOOD PRODUCTION AND

ECOLOGY
Faculty of Business and Law, University MB, Belgrade, Serbia
"From farm to fork" is a new strategy of the European Union envisaged by the Green
Plan, which establishes new mechanisms for improving food production within the
agricultural policy in a way that reduces: air, water and soil pollution, losses in
biodiversity, negative impacts on climate change and excessive consumption of
natural resources. The strategy envisages, despite the different levels of development
of the member states, the adoption of national strategic plans for agricultural
development which will be based on the criteria of reducing the impact of food
production on climate change and environmental protection. They should lead to the
application of sustainable practices and practices in the field of agriculture,
agroecology, agroforestry and setting stricter standards for animal welfare. The
application of the standards from the Strategy in food production must be based on
the successful implementation of measures in the field of climate and environmental
protection, including the management and storage of carbon dioxide in the soil, as
well as the management of nutrients to improve water quality. The link between food
production and ecology must include a significant reduction in the use of chemical
pesticides, fertilizers and antibiotics.
The ultimate goal of the symbiosis of food production and ecology is the production of
healthy food and its availability to all citizens. In the realization of that goal, the
circular economy has an important place, which should reduce the negative impact of
the food sector and retail on the environment by actively acting in the areas of
transport, storage, packaging and food waste.
Keywords: food production, organic agriculture, healthy food, sustainable behavior

and practice.
92
„OD POLJA DO STOLA“ - SIMBIOZA PROIZVODNJE HRANE I

EKOLOGIJE
Poslovni i pravni fakultet, Univerzitet MB, Beograd, Srbija
„Od polja do stola“ (From farm to fork) je nova strategija Evropske unije predviđena
Zelenim planom, kojom se uspostavljaju novi mehanizmi za unapredjenje
proizvodnje hrane u okviru poljoprivredne politike na način koji omogućava
smanjenje: zagađenja vazduha, vode i zemljišta, gubitaka u biodiverzitetu, negativnih
uticaja na klimatske promene i prekomerne potrošnje prirodnih resursa. Strategijom
se predviđa, i pored različitog nivo razvijenosti država članica, donošenje nacionalnih
strateških planova za poljoprivredni razvoj koji će biti zasnovani na kriterijumima
smanjenja uticaja proizvodnje hrane na klimatske promene i zaštitu životne sredine.
Oni bi trebalo da dovedu do primene održivog postupanja u praksi u oblasti
poljoprivrede, agroekologije, agrošumarstva i postavljanju strožih standarda za
dobrobit životinja. Primena standarda iz Strategije u proizvodnji hrane mora se
zasnivati na uspešnu primenu mera iz oblasti klime i zaštite životne sredine
uključujući upravljanje i skladištenje u tlu ugljendioksida, kao i upravljanje hranjivim
materijama radi poboljšanja kvaliteta vode. Veza proizvodnje hrane i ekologojije mora
da ukljući i značajno smanjenje upotrebe hemiskih pesticida, đubriva i antibiotika.
Krajnji cilj simbioze proizvodnje hrane i ekologije je proizvodnja zdrave hrane i njena
dostupnost svim građanima. U realizaciji tog cilja značajno mesto ima i cirkularna
privreda koja treba da smanji negativni uticaj prehrambenog sektora i maloprodaje
na životnu sredinu aktivnim delovanjem u oblastima prevoza, skladištenja, pakovanja
i rasipanja hrane.
Ključne reči: proizvodnja hrane, ekološka poljoprivreda, zdrava hrana, održivo

ponašanje i praksa.
93
CREATING A PLAN FOR MAINTAINING BUSINESS CONTINUITY AND

ANALYSIS OF MARKET RISKS IN THE CONDITIONS OF A PANDEMIC
Dr Aleksandar M. Damnjanović1, Dr Zoran Ristić2, Dr Dragan M. Nedeljković3,

Dr Goran Dzafić1, Eihab Abduraouf M. Tarhouni4
1Faculty
of Diplomacy and Security, Belgrade, Serbia
2The Higher Education School of Entrepreneurship, Belgrade, Serbia
3Faculty of European Business and Marketing, Belgrade, Serbia
4Faculty of Business and Law, Belgrade, Serbia
Making their strategies and business plans is not the world's biggest companies could
not imagine that it will at some point be faced with a pandemic, which will, with such
potential, be able to call into question the survival of their business. The current
pandemic corona virus is to the fore the question of resistance organizations to
distortions in the market and creating a separate plan for maintaining business
continuity and enhanced analysis of market risks proved to be a useful instrument,
which allows management to assess the level of risk and vulnerability of the
organization, and to develop effective risk system and contingency plans. The aim of
the authors of this paper is to, through the analysis of available literature and practical
experience, point out the basic purpose of this instrument, aimed at establishing risk
profiles for the organization and determining the level of vulnerability to a pandemic
from the aspect of its impact on people (lives of employees and their families),
processes (company business), profit (revenue generation) and partnerships
(business-friendly environment). Bearing in mind that the development of a business
continuity plan in the first phase involves the assessment and development of a risk
matrix, and in the second phase includes a six-step process for designing their own
business continuity plans, the work structure includes these two units, as well as
conclusions be useful advice to managers on how to respond to current pandemic
challenges.
Keywords: business continuity, pandemic COVID-19, market risks.
94
KREIRANJE PLANA ODRŽANJA KONTINUITETA POSLOVANJA I

ANALIZA TRŽIŠNIH RIZIKA U USLOVIMA PANDEMIJE
Dr Aleksandar M. Damnjanović1, Dr Zoran Ristić2, Dr Dragan M. Nedeljković3,

Dr Goran Dzafić1, Eihab Abduraouf M. Tarhouni4
1Fakultet za diplomatiju i bezbednost, Beograd, Srbija
2Visoka škola za preduzetništvo, Beograd, Srbija
3Fakultet za evropski biznis i marketing, Beograd, Srbija
4Poslovni i pravni fakultet, Beograd, Srbija
Praveći svoje strategije i planove poslovanja ni najveće svetske kompanije nisu

mogle zamisliti da će u nekom trenutku biti suočene sa pandemijom, koja će, sa
takvim potencijalom, moći da dovede u pitanje opstanak njihovog poslovanja.
Aktuelna pandemija korona virusa je u prvi plan istakla pitanje otpornosti organizacija
na poremećaje na tržištu, a kreiranje posebnog plana za održanje kontinuiteta
poslovanja i pojačana analiza tržišnih rizika pokazala se kao korisan instrument, koji
omogućava menadžmentu da proceni nivo rizika i ranjivosti organizacije, te da razvije
delotvorni sistem rizika i rezervnih planova. Cilj autora ovog rada je da, kroz analizu
raspoložive literature i iskustvo iz prakse, ukažu na osnovnu svrhu ovog instrumenta,
usmerenu na uspostavljanje profila rizika za organizaciju i utvrđivanje nivoa ranjivosti
na pandemiju sa aspekta njenog uticaja na ljude (živote zaposlenih i članova njihovih
porodica), procese (poslovanje kompanije), profit (stvaranje prihoda) i partnerstva
(sredine koja je povoljna za poslovanje). Imajući u vidu da izrada plana za održanje
kontinuiteta poslovanja u prvoj fazi podrazumeva procenu i izradu matrice rizika, a u
drugoj fazi obuhvata proces od šest koraka za koncipiranje sopstvenih planova za
održanje kontinuiteta poslovanja, struktura rada obuhvata ove dve celine, kao i
zaključke, koji mogu biti korisni saveti menadžerima kako da odgovore aktuelnim
pandemijskim izazovima.
Ključne reči: kontinuitet poslovanja, pandemija COVID-19, tržišni rizici.
95
THE IMPACT OF THE PANDEMIC ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Faculty of Business Studies and Law, Jurija Gagarina 149a, Belgrade, Serbia
The Covid-19 pandemic is unprecedented in its global reach and impact, presenting
dire challenges in the world’s economies and its direct and indirect effects in the
interconnected global economy. Spreading at an alarming rate, infecting millions and
bringing almost all economic activity to a standstill, countries have imposed strict
restrictions on movement to stop the spread of the virus. As health and human costs
rise, economic damage is already evident and represents the greatest economic
shock the world has experienced in decades. This article focuses on the economic
impact of Covid-19. He describes the impact of the pandemic on the global economy
through which it is linked to trade and investment, and its slowdown and restrictions
put pressure, creating global economic consequences, looking briefly at the Republic
of Serbia, and the impact on employment, global economic growth and global trade.
as an inflow of foreign direct investment and how it will affect the further global
development of the economy. This pandemic of COVID-19 affected the production
and service sector, catering, travel, health, retail, banks, hotels, real estate,
education, health, IT, recreation, media and others. Economic stress has begun and
will grow rapidly. While locking and social distancing on the one hand result in a loss
of productivity, on the other hand they cause a sharp drop in demand for products
and services by consumers in the market, leading to a collapse in economic activity.
However, locking and social distancing are the only cost-effective tools to prevent the
spread of COVID-19. There is a high degree of uncertainty regarding COVID-19,
whose pandemic affects economic performance, sustainability criteria, and
development processes. The analysis of its growth in the countries clearly shows that
its development leads to crises. Reducing GDP rates is detrimental to health,
education, and industrial progress globally. COVID-19 affects socio-economic
opportunities due to declining global GDP, declining capital flows, fewer investment
opportunities and reduced turnover. Many countries are struggling to stop the spread
of the Covid-19 epidemic, while avoiding a dramatic drop in economic activity.
Keywords: pandemic, COVID-19, global economy, economic impact, economic

crisis, long-term effects of the pandemic.
96
UTICAJ PANDEMIJE NA EKONOMSKI RAZVOJ
Fakultet za poslovne studije i pravo, Jurija Gagarina 149a, Beograd, Srbija
Pandemija COVID-19, je bez presedana u svom globalnom dosegu i uticaju,

predstavljajući strašne izazove u ekonomijama sveta i njenih direktnih i indirektnih
efekata u međusobno povezanoj globalnoj ekonomiji. Šireći se alarmantnom brzinom,
zarazivši milione i dovevši skoro do zastoja sve ekonomske aktivnosti, zemlje su
nametale stroga ograničenja kretanja da bi zaustavile širenje virusa. Kako zdravstvo i
ljudski troškovi rastu, ekonomska šteta je već evidentna i predstavlja najveći
ekonomski šok koji je svet doživeo decenijama. Ovaj članak se fokusira na
ekonomski uticaj COVID-19. Opisuje uticaj pandemije na globalnu ekonomiju kroz
koja je povezana trgovinom i investicijama, a njeno usporavanje i ograničenja vrši
pritisak stvarajući pritom svetske ekonomske posledice, osvrčući se kratko i na
Republiku Srbiju, i kakav je uticaj na zaposlenost, globalni ekonomski rast i obim
globalne trgovine kao priliv stranih direktnih investicija i kako će uticati na dalji
globalni razvoj ekonomije. Ova pandemija COVID-19 uticala je na proizvodni i uslužni
sektor, ugostiteljstvo, putovanja, zdravstvo, maloprodaja, banke, hoteli, nekretnine,
obrazovanje, zdravstvo, IT, rekreacija, mediji i drugi. Ekonomski stres je počeo i brzo
će rasti. Dok zaključavanje i socijalno udaljavanje s jedne strane rezultiraju gubitkom
produktivnosti, s druge strane uzrokuju nagli pad potražnje za proizvodima i
uslugama od strane potrošača na tržištu, što dovodi do kolapsa ekonomske
aktivnosti. Međutim, zaključavanje i socijalno distanciranje jedini su isplativi alati koji
sprečavaju širenje COVID-19. Postoji velika stopa nesigurnosti u vezi sa COVID-19,
čija pandemija utiče na ekonomske performanse, kriterijume održivosti i razvojne
procese. Analiza njegovog rasta u zemljama jasno pokazuje da njegov razvoj dovodi
do kriza. Smanjenje stopa BDP-a nanosi štetu zdravstvu, obrazovanju i industrijskom
napretku na globalnom nivou. COVID-19 utiče na socio-ekonomske prilike zbog
opadanja globalnog BDP-a, opadanja tokova kapitala, manje mogućnosti za
investiranje i smanjenog prometa. Mnoge zemlje se bore da zaustave širenje
epidemije COVID-19, istovremeno izbegavajući dramatičan pad ekonomske
aktivnosti.
Ključne reči: pandemija, COVID-19, globalna ekonomija, ekonomski uticaj,

ekonomska kriza, dugoročni efekti pandemije.
97
THE IMPACT OF E-COMMERCE ON THE ENVIRONMENT
University “Union - Nikola Tesla”, Faculty of Business Studies and Law, Belgrade, Serbia
E-commerce today represents an unavoidable sales channel for all areas of the
economy. Its dynamic development and the reached sales volume caused worry in
regard to the impact on the environment. In order to understand this impact, it is
crucial to analyse and fully understand the key segments in the supply chain:
packaging, transport, returns, and waste. Research conducted up to now confirms
that e-commerce is a more viable than shopping in the traditional stores. Moreover, it
is certain that this way of sale brings numerous advantages. However, it is important
to know its less neglectable effects so that they could be managed.
An encouraging fact is that consumers are becoming increasingly aware and that
they are paying more attention to, and trusting those sellers which show a high
ecological awareness throughout their logistics and other activities. The increasing
incorporation of conscious consumers in the creation of processes, and allowing them
to choose and create their buying and delivery options, leads to a higher level of
sustainability of this increasingly important retail channel. On the other hand, this puts
pressure on the producers and traders to create more ecologically acceptable
business models, thereby reducing or even overturning the negative ecological
impact.
Keywords: e-commerce, consumers, traders, environment, ecology.
98
UTICAJ RAZVOJA ELEKTRONSKE TRGOVINE NA ŽIVOTNU SREDINU
Univerzitet “Union - Nikola Tesla”, Fakultet za poslovne studije i pravo, Beograd, Srbija
Elektronska trgovina danas poredstavlja neizostavan kanal prodaje za sve privredne

oblasti. Njen dinamičan razvoj i dostignuti obim prodaje potakli su zabrinutost po
pitanju uticaja na životnu sredinu. Kako bi se shvatio taj uticaj neophodno je
analizirati i u potpunosti razumeti osnovne segmente u okviru lanca snabdevanja:
pakovanje, transport, povraćaj i otpad.
Do sada sprovedena istraživanja potvrđuju da je online trgovina ekološki povoljnija

opcija od kupovine i prodaje u tradicionalnim prodavnicama. Nema sumnje da ovakav
način prodaje donosi brojne prednosti. Međutim, neophodno je poznavati i, ne tako
zanemarljive nepoželjne efekte kako bi se moglo upravljati njima.
Ohrabruje činjenica da potrošači postaju sve svesniji i da sve više pažnje i poverenja
poklanjaju trgovcima koji svoje logističke i druge aktivosti sprovode pokazujući visok
nivo ekološke svesti. Sve intenzivnije uključivanje svesnih potrošača u kreiranje
procesa, omogućavajući im da biraju i kreiraju opcije kupovine i isporuke proizvoda,
vodi do višeg nivoa održivosti ovog, sve važnijeg, kanala maloprodaje. Sa druge
strane ovo stvara pritisak na same proizvođače i trgovce da kreiraju upravo ekološki
prihvatljivije modele poslovanja i time smanje, ili čak i preokrenu negativan ekološki
uticaj.
Ključne reči: elektronska trgovina, potrošači, trgovci, životna sredina, ekologija.
99
CONSIDERATION OF THE CONSEQUENCES OF THE CRISIS CAUSED

BY THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE SUSTAINABILITY OF
ENTERPRISES AND WORKPLACES
Jovana Radoičić, Prof. dr Ljiljana Arsić

University of Priština, Faculty of Economics, Kolašinska street 156, Kosovska Mitrovica
The cause of the current crisis is a specific, non-economic factor and that is why it is
very difficult to draw parallels with those from the recent past and their effects on the
labor market. The pandemic COVID-19 has seriously shaken the Serbian economy
and called into question the sustainability of a large number of companies and jobs.
Increasing the unemployment rate is a specific feature of any crisis. However, this is
atypical in many ways. Therefore, the focus of all future strategies, policies and
measures must be economic recovery and building a stable and crisis-flexible
economy. Outbreaks and incredibly rapid spread of the disease have caused the
closure of cities, even national economies, which has had a negative impact on
economic prosperity and employment. The aim of this paper is to analyze the impact
of the COVID-19 on economic development, stability and (un)employment in the
world and in the Republic of Serbia. The research was conducted on the basis of a
comparative analysis of the values of individual indicators of economic development
in the period before and after the pandemic COVID-19 on data collected through
surveys in companies, semi-structured interviews with key interlocutors and the
Republic Bureau of Statistics. The authors point out the consequences of the
pandemic impact on indicators of economic development and employment indicators
and suggest measures that need to be taken in order to overcome the negative
consequences of the crisis.
Keywords: COVID-19, pandemic, employment, economic development, economic

resilience, crisis.
100
SAGLEDAVANJE POSLEDICA KRIZE IZAZVANE PANDEMIJOM

COVID-19 NA ODRŽIVOST PREDUZEĆA I RADNIH MESTA
Jovana Radoičić, Prof. dr Ljiljana Arsić

Univerzitet u Prištini sa privremenim sedištem u Kosovskoj Mitrovici, Ekonomski
fakultet, Kolašinska ul. 156, Kosovska Mitrovica
Uzročnik tekuće krize je specifičan, neekonomski faktor i zato je veoma teško

povlačiti paralele sa onima iz bliske prošlosti i njihovim efektima na tržište rada.
Pandemija COVID-19 ozbiljno je uzdrmala srpsku ekonomiju i dovela u pitanje
održivost velikog broja preduzeća i radnih mesta. Povećanje stope nezaposlenosti
specifičnost je svake krize. Međutim, ova je po mnogo čemu atipična. Zato fokus svih
budućih strategija, politika i mera mora biti ekonomski oporavak i izgradnja stabilne i
na krize fleksibilne ekonomije. Izbijanje i neverovatno brzo širenje bolesti
prouzrokovalo je zatvaranje gradova, čak i nacionalnih ekonomija, što se negativno
odrazilo na ekonomski prosperitet i zaposlenost. Cilj rada je analiza uticaja pandemije
COVID-19 na ekonomski razvoj, stabilnost i (ne)zaposlenost u svetu i u Republici
Srbiji. Istraživanje je izvršeno na osnovu uporedne analize vrednosti pojedinih
indikatora ekonomskog razvoja u periodu pre i posle pojave pandemije COVID-19 na
podacima prikupljenim kroz ankete sprovedene u preduzećima, polustrukturisane
intervjue s ključnim sagovornicima, kao i na podacima Republičkog zavoda za
statistiku (RZS). Autori ukazuju na to koje su posledice uticaja pandemije na
indikatore ekonomskog razvoja i indikatore zaposlenosti i predlažu mere koje je
neophodno preduzeti u cilju prevazilaženja negativnih posledica krize.
Ključne reči: COVID-19, pandemija, zaposlenost, ekonomski razvoj, otpornost

privrede, kriza.
101
MODEL OF MULTIDIMENSIONAL MANAGEMENT OF ECONOMIC

AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONDITIONS
OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
MODEL VIŠEDIMENZIONALNOG UPRAVLJANJA EKONOMSKO-

TEHNOLOŠKIM RAZVOJEM U USLOVIMA PANDEMIJE COVID-19
Prof. dr Zdravko Bijelić1, Biljana Milanović1, Mitar Bijelić1, Danijela Pavlović2
Petrović 22 Novi Sad, Srbija
1Marije
2VŠ Akademija za poslovnu ekonomiju, Čačak, Srbija
U situaciji skromnih naučnih znanja po pitanju pandemije COVID-19, upravljanje

ekonomsko-tehnološkim razvojem je dodatno uvećalo rizik. Već duže vremena, mnogo
pre problema pandemiji COVID-19, govorilo se da je danas izvjesno samo da je sve
sutra neizvjesno. Upravljanje razvojem je uvjek bila najsloženija ljudska aktivnost.
Ekonomsko-tehnološki razvoj je izuzetno složen višehijerarhijski sistem ne samo sa
aspekta struktura i dinimike, već i sa apekta vrednovanja, rizika i mjerenja efekata
upravljanja. Da bi se rizik smanjio potrebno je koristiti modele višedimenzionalnog
upravljanja. U ovom radu dat je orginalan model višedimenzionalnog upravljanja na
bazi multidisciplinarnih znanja u uslovima povećanog rizika zbog pandemije, a u kojem
se koristi matematičko modeliranje, na bazi meke matematike. Višedimenzionalni
kriterijum vrednovanja, odnosno mera vrednosti upravljanja ekonomsko-tehnoločkim
razvojem se iskazuje u numeričkoj formi. Numeričko mjerenje je na bazi fazi skupova,
odnosno meke matematike. U uslovima pandemije COVID-19, bezbjednosna dimenzija
postaje primarni faktor upravljanja ekonomsko-tehnološkim razvojem. Dosadšnje
upravljanje pandemijom COVID-19 se veoma malo oslanjalo na matematiku. Izuzetak
je statistika. Međutim, za kratak vremenski period za koji postoje pouzdaniji statistički
podaci, metod statističke procjene trenda se ne može koristiti pouzdano. Prednost
matematičkog modeliranja, odnosno numeričkog iskazivanja dimenzija upravljačkog
modela je u tome da se problem mora odgovornije posmatrati i analizirati u duhu fazi
skupova. Jedostavno je nalaženje optimalnog rezultata.
Danas sve savremene tehnologije i svi proizvodi u određenom stepenu nose
bezbednosni rizik po zdravlje ljudi. Nije isključeeno da je pandemija covid-19 rezultat
neodgovornog tehnološkog razvojnog ponašanja sa aspekta bezbednosti. Zbog toga se
u fazi projektovanja svih sistema mora voditi računa o stepenu mogućeg direktnog
ugrožavanja zdravlja ljudi i posredno preko ugrožavanja životne sredine. Paralelno sa
tehnološkim sistemima, moraju se projektovati i odgovarajući bezbjednosni sitemi,
odnosno integrisani upravljački sistemi ekonomsko-tehnološkog razvoja, a koji će biti
primarno u funkciji zdravlja ljudi. Kad se ovome doda činjenica da mnoge
multinacionalne kompanije u uslovima liberalne ekonomije, prvo vode računa o profitu,
koristeći savremene tehnologije komunikacije i lateralnog marketinga obmanjujući često
potrošače. Proizvođači savremene tehnološke opreme često istu reklamiraju kao
bezbjednosno efikasnu sa jednog aspekta, a ona izaziva bezbjednosni problem iz niza
drugih faktora.
102
Ekonomsko-tehnoločkim razvojem u uslovima pandemije COVID-19 mora se upravljati

integrisano kvantifikujući što veći broj razvojnih faktora i faktora uticaja životnog
ambijenta u uslovima pandemije COVID -19. Proces programiranja svakako nosi velik
rizik zbog velike neizvjesnosti u sve bližoj budućnoti Modeliranje upravljanja na bazi
meke matematike je svakako opravdano, jer su greške zbog procjene budućnosti veće
nego neodređenost koju nosi meka matematika. Dati model ima dodatnu pouzdanost
upravljanja, jer se koriste multidisciplinarna znanja eksperta širog broja naučnih oblasti.
Skromni naučni doprinos upravljanju problemom kojim se bavi ovaj rad je u funkciji
borbe protiv COVID-19, jer uspješnije upravljanje ekonomsko-tehnoločkim razvojem
znači i efikasnije sistemsko upravljanje pandemijom, odnosno zdravljem ljudi.
Ključne reči: razvoj, pandemija COVID-19, višedimenzionalno upravljanje, meka

matematika.
103
PRESERVING THE PRODUCTIVITY OF AGROECOSYSTEMS BASED ON

THE PRINCIPLES OF CIRCULAR ECONOMY
Dr. Ivan Kapitalchuk
The stability of natural ecosystems is ensured by the circulation of matter and energy in
them. At the same time, the removal of matter and energy outside of ecosystems is
insignificant. This leads to the preservation of the relative stability of the organic mass in
such ecosystems. In agroecosystems, along with the harvest, a significant part of the
substance and energy is withdrawn from the biological cycle, which leads to a loss of their
stability. To maintain a stable state of agroecosystems, a person must compensate for the
lost amount of matter and energy by applying fertilizers to them and using various agricul-
tural techniques. From the point of view of the circular economy, in order to preserve the
productivity of agroecosystems, it is necessary to fully compensate for the losses that
occurred in the process of agricultural production. To increase the productivity of agroeco-
systems, the compensation costs must exceed the amount of lost matter and energy. When
solving these problems, it is necessary to control the organic mass of agroecosystems. The
complexity of this problem is due to the annual change in the agroecosystem of agricultural
crops with different yields. To assess the productivity of agroecosystems, the author prop-
osed a dimensionless coefficient – "normalized yield", which is represented as:
஼
݇௜ ൌ ೔ҧ , (1)
஼
where Ci is the yield of the i-th crop for a particular year, C is the average yield of the i-th
crop for the period under review. This dimensionless indicator allows you to compare the
productivity of the agroecosystem for an agricultural crop for a particular year with its
average yield in the agroecosystem for the period under review. In addition, this coefficient
allows you to calculate the integral yield as the arithmetic mean of the normalized yields for
several crops:
σ௞
݇ை ൌ ೔ , (2)
௡
where ki is the normalized yield of the i-th crop, n is the number of crops under considerat-
ion. This approach makes it possible to estimate in comparable units the productivity of land
occupied in different years for different agricultural crops. The change in the normalized
yield over time allows us to study the dynamics of the productivity of agroecosystems,
determine the trends of its development and assess the impact of various factors on the
productivity of agroecosystems. To assess the impact on the productivity of the agroeco-
system of the chemicals introduced into it, the chemical load factor was used. This indicator
is the ratio of the amount of chemical that entered the agroecosystem for a year to the area
of this agroecosystem. The sum of the partial coefficients for different chemicals is an indic-
ator of the total chemical load on the agroecosystem. For agroecosystems located in the
Dniester River valley, the correlation coefficient between the total chemical load and the
integral yield was 0.6 with a statistical significance level of 0.01. This indicates a significant
impact on the productivity of agroecosystems and other factors, especially moisture.
However, the complete rejection of fertilizers leads after 5 years to a sharp decrease in the
productivity of agroecosystems due to land depletion. At the same time, there are fluctu-
ations in the integral yield, depending mainly on the amount of precipitation.
Keywords: circular economy, productivity, agroecosystem, crop yield, chemical load.
104
ENVIRONMENT, AGRICULTURE AND GMO

Jelena Bošković1, Larisa Jovanović2, Đorđe Jovanović1
1Faculty of Engineering Management, University Union - Nikola Tesla, Belgrade, Serbia
With the introduction of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in moderrn agricultural

production, new opportunities are created to increase production and to solve many other and
different problems, such as: diseases of domestic animals and crops, pests, weeds, abiotic
stress and nutritional restrictions. In that way, microorganisms, plants and domestic animals
are created, which have new characteristics that enable their use in other areas as well
(pharmaceutical industry, etc.). Since GMOs are introduced in different locations,
characterized by diverse ecosystems, biodiversity and agricultural systems, it is necessary to
have a scientific understanding of the effects of GMO cultivation and environmental
implications that will ensure the safety and sustainability of the environment as a whole. The
most important research in this area today is those that focus on the invasiveness of GMOs,
vertical and horizontal gene transfer, impact on biodiversity and other products. These
researches are multi, inter and transdisciplinary in their essence. When assessing the
interaction between the environment, agriculture and GMOs, it is important to have a detailed
knowledge of GMO development technology. This will enable clearer, more reliable and more
precisely targeted activities in various scientific fields with the aim of providing the necessary
answers and pointing out the complexity of numerously different interdependencies.
Keywords: genetically modified organisms (GMO), environment, agriculture, horizontal gen-
transfer, biodiversity.
ŽIVOTNA SREDINA, POLJOPRIVREDA I GMO

Jelena Bošković1, Larisa Jovanović2, Đorđe Jovanović1
1Fakultet za inženjerski menadžment, Univerzitet Union - Nikola Tesla, Beograd, Srbija
2ALFA BK Univerzitet, Beograd, Srbija
Uvođenjem genetski modifikovanih organizama (GMO) u savremenu poljoprivrednu proiz-

vodnju, stvaraju se nove mogućnosti za povećanje proizvodnje i za reševanje brojnih drugih i
različitih problema, kao što su: bolesti domaćih životinja i gajenih useva, pojava štetočina,
korova, abiotički stres i nutritivna ograničenja. Na taj način se stvaraju mikroorganizmi, biljke i
domaće životinje koje poseduju nove karakteristike koje omogućavaju njihovo korištenje i u
drugim oblastima (farmaceutskoj industriji i dr.). Budući da se GMO uvode na različite lokacije,
okarakterisane raznovrsnim ekosistemima, biodiverzitetom i poljoprivrednim sistemima,
neophodno je naučno razumevanje efekata uzgoja GMO i implikacije na životnu sredinu što će
obezbediti bezbednost i održivost životne sredine u celini. Najvažnija istraživanja u ovoj oblasti
danas su ona koja su usmerena na invazivnost GMO, vertikalni i horizontalni prenos gena,
uticaj na biološku raznovrsnost i na druge proizvode. Ova istraživanja su po svojoj suštini
multi, inter i transdisciplinarna. Pri procenjivanju međusobne interakcije životne sredine,
poljoprivrede i GMO, važno je detaljno poznavanje tehnologije razvoja GMO. To će omogućiti
jasnije, pouzdanije i preciznije usmerene aktivnosti u različitim naučnim oblastima sa ciljem
pružanja potrebnih odgovora i ukazivanja na kompleksnost brojnih i različitih međuzavisnosti.
Ključne reči: genetski modifikovani organizmi (GMO), životna sredina, poljoprivreda, horizon-
talni prenos gena, biodiverzitet.
105
THE IMPACT OF THE PANDEMIC COVID-19 ON SUSTAINABLE

DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND THE ECONOMY
College of Business Economics and Entrepreneurship, Belgrade, Serbia
The corona virus pandemic has huge social, economic and political consequences. It
is already being marked as a turning point in modern human history and will cause a
change in the way of life we have known for the last few decades. Apart from being
one of the biggest crises in terms of shock, scope and depth, the pandemic caused
unprecedented problems in the health system globally, because it is until mid-
September 2020, more than 30 million people became ill and more than 950
thousand people died. The pandemic caused supply chains to be disrupted,
production to cease, factories to be closed, workers to be laid off, demand and
customer interest to decline. The economic impact of the pandemic is evident in
many sectors, from service industries (tourism, hospitality, retail, education), to
manufacturing (cars, textiles, construction, consumer electronics). World experts
predict a serious decline in GDP in 2020, and pessimistic forecasts are that the state
of the global economy will not improve until 2022. The longer period of the pandemic
has negative consequences on the goals of sustainable development from the 2030
Agenda, because their implementation has been delayed. However, it seems that the
biggest problem facing the world is the increase in the amount of medical waste,
generated after the use of protective equipment.
Keywords: pandemic COVID-19, sustainable development goals, economy,

employment, medical waste.
106
UTICAJ PANDEMIJE COVID-19 NA CILJEVE ODRŽIVOG RAZVOJA I

EKONOMIJU
Visoka škola za poslovnu ekonomiju i preduzetništvo, Beograd, Srbija
Pandemija korona virusa ima ogromne socijalne, ekonomske i političke posledice.

Ona se već sada označava kao prelomni trenutak u savremenoj ljudskoj istoriji i
uzrokovaće promenu načina života kakvog smo znali nekoliko poslednjih decenija.
Osim što je po šoku, obimu i dubini jedna od najvećih kriza, pandemija je globalno
izazvala nezapamćene probleme u zdravstvenom sistemu, jer je do sredine
septembra 2020. godine obolelo više od 30 miliona i umrlo više od 950 hiljada ljudi.
Pandemija je uzrokovala prekid lanaca snabdevanja, prestanak proizvodnje,
zatvaranje fabrika, otpuštanje radnika, opadanje tražnje i interesovanja kupaca.
Ekonomski uticaj pandemije očigledan je u mnogim sektorima, od uslužnih delatnosti
(turizam, hotelijerstvo, maloprodaja, obrazovanje), do proizvodnje (automobili,
tekstilna industrija, građevinarstvo, potrošačka elektronika). Svetski eksperti
predviđaju ozbiljan pad BDP u 2020. godini, a pesimističke prognoze su da se stanje
globalne ekonomije neće popraviti sve do 2022. godine. Duži period trajanja
pandemije ima negativne konsekvence i na ciljeve održivog razvoja iz Agende 2030,
jer je njihovo sprovođenje odloženo. Međutim, čini se da je najveći problem sa kojim
se svet suočava povećanje količine medicinskog otpada, nastalog posle upotrebe
zaštitnih sredstava.
Ključne reči: pandemija COVID-19, ciljevi održivog razvoja, ekonomija, zapošljavanje,

medicinski otpad.
107
INVESTIGATION OF THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE

SYSTEM MANAGEMENT OF ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS
ISTRAŽIVANJE UTICAJA PANDEMIJE COVID-19 NA SISTEMSKO

UPRAVLJANJE ELEKTRO ENERGETSKIM SISTEMIMA
Biljana Milanović1, Mitar Bijelić1, Danijela Pavlović2, Prof. dr Zdravko Bijelić1

1Marije Petrović 22 Novi Sad, 2VŠ Akademija za poslovnu ekonomiju Čačak, Srbija
Pandemija COVID-19 ostaviće veliki uticaj na ponašanje ljudi u budućnosti, a time i

potrebu razvoja novih sistemskih mehanizama za upravljanje u svim oblastima
ljudskog privređivanja. Promene u jednom segmentu uzrokuju promjene u drugim
segmentima i sve je isprepleteno i u intenzivnoj međusobnoj interakciji. Da bi se
uspešno upravljalo elektroenergetskim sistemima i ekologijom u uslovima pandemije
COVID-19, potreban je sistemski pristup i korišćenje multidisciplinarnih znanja u
skladu sa zahtjevima koje traže razvojne promene. Pod uticajem okruženja, odnosno
ambijenta svaki sistem je izložen promjenama. Da bi se efikasno, u granicama
mogućeg, upravljalo promjenama i znanje mora da se mijenja i da se istim upravlja
na naučnoj osnovi. Problem nastao sa pandemijom COVID-19, najbolje potvrđuje
potrebu za integralnim pristupom upravljanju razvojnim promenama i ambijentom.
U tradicionalnoj teoriji i praksi upravljanja energetskim sistemima u oblasti električne
energije, profit korporacije koja upravlja sistemom je bio ključni, a često i jedini
kriterijum efikasnosti.
U mnogobrojnoj literaturi koja se danas bavi upravljanjem u oblasti elektro-
energetskog sektora postoji izgrađen stav da je za uspjeh upravljanja veoma bitno
efikasno upravljati životnom sredinom. Pandemija COVID-19 nametnula je potrebu da
se faktor bezbjednosti proširi i da se posmatra kao najvažniji integrisani upravljački
faktor, ne samo pri razvoju i izgradnji novih energetskih sistema, već i kod operativnih
sistema. Opšte zdravlje ljudi postalo je osnovna potreba današnjeg i budućeg
vremena. Da bi se borili protiv svega što narušava zdravlje, a time i corona virusa,
nauka i svaka državna zajednica moraju naći rešenje za sistemsku motivaciju
stanovništva. Zaposleni u energetskom sektoru moraju razviti svijest da nije dovoljno
da su samo oni motivisani. Svi koji rade u okruženju: zdravstvenog sistema, sistema
zaštite životne sredine, sistema javne uprave, ekonomskih sistema, sistema kulture,
sistema javnih medija, sistemima koje čine mladi i stariji, sistemima zdravih i
bolesnih, bogatih i siromašnih i drugi, treba li bi da su integrisani u jedinstveni sistem
motivacije. Motivacija i patriotizam su posebno postali bitni u oblasti nauke i
obrazovanja u znanjima povezanim za: zarazne bolesti, digitalizaciju, informisanje o
sadašnjosti i budućnosti. U uslovima pandemije COVID-19 činjenica je da je izostala
solidarnost između raznih segmenata privređivanja i da su stvorene nove forme
diskriminacije.
108
Rezultati istraživanja sprovedeni na prostoru Srbije i Bosne i Hercegovine, pokazuju

da postoji jaka korelacija između između uticaja pandemije COVID-19 i efikasnog
upravljanja elektro-energetskim sistemima. Posebno je izražen negativan uticaj
pandemije na: životnu sredinu, ekonomsku uspešnost, motivaciju zaposlenih,
energetske gubitke, razvoj novih kapaciteta, kvalitet obrazovanja ljuskih resursa,
razne devijacije ponašanja i oblast kriminalnih i koruptivnih radnji. Istraživanja
pokazuju da ne postoji integrisani pristup upravljanju i kvantitativno merenje efekata.
U celosti je izostao mehanizam optimalnog kvantitativnog upravljanja. Razlog za
izostanak mogućeg stepena uspješnost upravljanja elektroenergetskim sistemima i
ekologijom u uslovima pandemije COVID-19 treba tražitu u činjenici da donosioci
odluka ne posjeduju multidisciplinarna znanja i u nedostatak motivacije i solidarnosti.
Ključne reči: sistem, upravljanje, elektro energetski, COVID-19, ekologija.
109
SOME ASPECTS OF THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

ON MINERAL SECTOR OPERATIONS AND FUNCTIONING OF THE
MINERAL ECONOMY
prof. dr Radule Tošović
University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mining and Geology, Belgrade, Serbia
The complexity of technical-technological and professional-engineering conditions of the

mineral sector has additionally come to the fore in the current pandemic conditions and
restrictions on the work and business of companies in the mineral economy of Serbia. It is
specifically manifested, in production and business, in all three related sectors, namely: (a)
the metallic mineral sector; (b) the non-metallic mineral sector and (c) the energy mineral
sector. In doing so, material, process and production peculiarities were especially
manifested, which follow certain mineral raw materials in the structure of mineral production
in the mineral sector of Serbia. Metallic mineral raw materials are especially characterized
by a longer period of geological exploration, especially in the case of complex endogenous
deposits, then a complex and expensive production process with the application of
demanding modern exploitation technologies. Non-metallic mineral raw materials are
characterized by simpler geological structure of the deposit, shorter geological exploration
and relatively simpler conditions and technology of exploitation. Energy mineral raw
materials, especially oil and gas, as strategically important, are characterized by the
complexity and duration of exploration, but also the complexity of production and processing
capacities for obtaining crude oil and oil derivatives.
In considering the impact of pandemic conditions in the functioning of the mineral economy,
aspects important for: (a) mineral reserves; (b) mineral production; (c) investments in the
mineral economy; (d) realization of geological exploration; (e) capacity building; and (f) the
profitability of mineral sector enterprises. The volume and structure of mineral reserves, at
the level of the mineral economy, have generally undergone slight changes. They refer to
the reduction of mineral reserves for excavated quantities, with a slight increase in some
deposits through a reduced volume of geological exploration. Mineral production of certain
mineral raw materials has been reduced due to work limitations caused by a reduction in the
number of workers due to pandemic measures and the necessary absence for treatment or
isolation due to SARS-KOV2. Part of the production was reduced due to the reduction of
consumption of mineral raw materials in companies of dependent industries. Due to the
general reduction of financial resources in crisis conditions, the budget positions of
companies related to the planned investments in the mineral economy were more or less
reduced. For these reasons, part of the geological exploration has been reduced in scope,
and in part due to the prohibition of movement and restrictions in the work, the realization of
the same has been done to a lesser extent. The implementation of production capacity
construction projects has also slowed down, especially those whose implementation or
supervision depends on the executors of foreign companies, and who have restrictions on
movement and arrival at the place of construction or supervision in Serbia. The change in
the profitability of the companies in the mineral sector is especially significant, primarily due
to the decrease in profits for two reasons: (a) a decrease in operating income from sold
mineral resources, due to a decrease in sales volume; and (b) increasing the costs of
protecting workers in the process of geological exploration, exploitation, preparation and
processing of mineral resources. Overall, the crisis pandemic period generally had a
negative impact on the conditions and manner of production of mineral resources, as well as
the profitability of the mineral sector companies.
Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic, business operations, mineral economy, mineral sector.
110
NEKI ASPEKTI UTICAJA PANDEMIJE COVID-19 NA POSLOVANJE

MINERALNOG SEKTORA I FUNKCIONISANJE MINERALNE EKONOMIJE
Univerzitet u Beogradu, Rudarsko-geološki fakultet, Beograd, Srbija
Složenost tehničko-tehnoloških i stručno-inženjerskih uslova poslovanja mineralnog

sektora dodatno je došla do izražaja u aktuelnim pandemijskim uslovima i ograničenjima
rada i poslovanja preduzeća u mineralnoj ekonomiji Srbije. Ista je specifično ispoljena,
proizvodno i poslovno, u sva tri pripadajuća sektora, i to: (a) metaličnom mineralnom
sektoru; (b) nemetaličnom mineralnom sektoru i (c) energetskom mineralnom sektoru. Pri
tome su naročito ispoljene materijalne, procesne i proizvodne posebnosti, koje prate
određene mineralne sirovine u strukturi mineralne proizvodnje u mineralnom sektoru
Srbije. Metalične mineralne sirovine se naročito odlikuju dužim periodom geoloških
istraživanja, posebno u slučaju složenih endogenih ležišta, zatim složenim i skupim
proizvodnim procesom uz primenu zahtevnih savremenih tehnologija eksploatacije.
Nemetalične mineralne sirovine karakteriše jednostavnija geološka građa ležišta, kraća
geološka istraživanja i relativno jednostavniji uslovi i tehnologija eksploatacije. Energetske
mineralne sirovine, naročito nafta i gas, kao strategijski posebno značajne, karakteriše
složenost i dugotrajnost istraživanja, ali i složenost proizvodnih i prerađivačkih kapaciteta
za dobijanje sirove nafte i naftnih derivata.
U sagledavanju uticaja pandemijskih uslova u funkcionisanju mineralne ekonomije mogu
se naročito izdvojiti aspekti važni za: (a) mineralne rezerve; (b) mineralnu proizvodnju; (c)
investicije u mineralnoj ekonomiji; (d) realizaciju geoloških istraživanja; (e) izgradnju
proizvodnih kapaciteta; i (f) profitabilnost preduzeća mineralnog sektora. Obim i struktura
mineralnih rezervi, na nivou mineralne ekonomije generalno su pretrpeli neznatne
promene. Iste se odnose na umanjenje mineralnih rezervi za otkopane količine, uz
neznatno povećanje u pojedinim ležištima kroz smanjeni obim geoloških istraživanja.
Mineralna proizvodnja određenih mineralnih sirovina je smanjena usled ograničenja u
radu uzrokovanog smanjenjem broja radnih izvršilaca zbog pandemijskih mera i
neophodnog odsustvovanja radi lečenja ili izolacije zbog SARS-KOV2. Deo proizvodnje je
smanjen zbog smanjenja potrošnje mineralnih sirovina u preduzećima zavisinih privrednih
grana. Zbog opšte redukcije finansijskih sredstava u kriznim uslovima izvršeno je manje ili
veće umanjenje budžetskih pozicija preduzeća vezanih za planirane investicije u mineraloj
ekonomiji. Iz navedenih razloga deo geoloških istraživanja je umanjen po obimu, a jednim
delom zbog zabrane kretanja i ograničenja u radu, realizacija istih je izvršena u manjem
obimu. Takođe je usporena realizacija projekata izgradnje proizvodnih kapaciteta, naročito
onih čija realizacija ili nadzor zavise od izvršilaca stranih firmi, a koji imaju ograničenja u
kretanju i dolasku na mesto izgradnje ili nadzora u Srbiji. Posebno je značajna promena
profitabilnosti preduzeća mineralnog sektora, prvenstveno usled smanjenja dobiti i to iz
dva razloga: (a) smanjenja poslovnih prihoda po osnovu prodatih mineralnih sirovina,
zbog smanjenja obima prodaje; i (b) povećanja troškova zaštite radnih izvršilaca u
procesu geoloških istraživanja, eksploatacije, pripreme i prerade mineralnih sirovina.
Celovito posmatrano krizni pandemijski period se generalno negativno odrazio na uslove i
način proizvodnje mineralnih sirovina, kao i profitablnost poslovanja preduzeća
mineralnog sektora.
Ključne reči: pandemija COVID-19, poslovanje preduzeća, mineralna ekonomija, mineralni

sektor.
111
USE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES ON AGRICULTURAL

HOLDINGS
Prof. dr Aleksandra Gajdobranski, Dr Vera Krmpot
Faculty of Business Studies and Law, Belgrade, Serbia
The use of renewable energy sources has a key role in improving agricultural
production. This production is mostly represented within family farms, where the
dominant role is played by small and medium agricultural farms. In this regard, the
strategic goal of each country is to preserve biodiversity, which creates favorable
conditions for the improvement and enhancement of biodiversity. Therefore, the
consciousness of agricultural producers is beginning to change through the so-called
implementation of sustainable agricultural production systems, among which a
significant place is occupied by biomass and biogas. The oldest renewable energy
source used by man is biomass, which is a product of various products of flora and
fauna. These are biodegradable parts of products, waste or residues from agriculture,
as well as parts of forest, industrial and municipal waste. By improving the production
technology on agricultural farms, the so-called by anaerobic digestion of biomass,
biogas was obtained. The use of biomass and biogas should have a stimulating and
developmental character in the changed market conditions, which contributes to
increasing the intensity of production on agricultural farms. The emphasis is on the
permanent transfer of knowledge and the development of human resources, which
would contribute to the further modernization of renewable technologies, which would
be used in the production of renewable energy sources.
Keywords: biomass, biogas, sustainable production, renewable technologies.
112
UPOTREBA OBNOVLJIVIH IZVORA ENERGIJE NA POLJOPRIVREDNIM

GAZDINSTVIMA
Prof. dr Aleksandra Gajdobranski, Dr Vera Krmpot
Fakultet za poslovne studije i prava, Beograd, Srbija
Upotreba obnovljivih izvora energije, ima ključnu ulogu u unapređenju poljoprivredne

proizvodnje. Ova proizvodnja najviše je zastupljena u okviru porodičnih gazdinstava,
gde dominantnu ulogu imaju mala i srednja poljoprivredna gazdinstva. U tom
pogledu, strateški cilj svake države je očuvanje biološke raznolikosti, čime se stvaraju
povoljni uslovi za poboljšanje i unapređenje biodiverziteta. Samim tim, svest
poljoprivrednih proizvođača počinje da se menja kroz tzv. implementaciju održivih
sistema poljoprivredne proizvodnje, među kojima značajno mesto zauzima biomasa i
biogas. Najstariji obnovljivi izvor energije koji je čovek koristio predstavlja biomasa,
koja je produkt najrazličitijih proizvoda biljnog i životinjskog sveta. U pitanju su
biorazgradivi delovi proizvoda, otpada ili ostatka iz poljoprivrede, kao i delovi
šumskog, industrijskog i gradskog otpada. Unapređenjem tehnologije proizvodnje na
poljoprivrednim gazdinstvima, tzv. aneorobnom digestijom biomase, dobija se biogas.
Upotreba biomase i biogasa treba da ima stimulativni i razvojni karakter u izmenjenim
tržišnim uslovima, što doprinosi povećanju intenzivnosti proizvodnje na
poljoprivrednim gazdinstvima. Naglasak je na permanentnom transferu znanja i
razvoju ljudskih potencijala, što bi doprinelo daljoj modernizaciji obnovljivih
tehnologija, koje bi se koristile u proizvodnji obnovljivih izvora energije.
Ključne reči: biomasa, biogas, održiva proizvodnja, obnovljive tehnologije.
113
SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES ARE HIT BY COVID-19

“TSUNAMI”
Marko Todić
University of Priština with temporary headquarters in Kosovska Mitrovica,

Faculty of Economics, Kolašinska 156., 38220 Kosovska Mitrovica
The crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic will have numerous unforeseeable
consequences for the world economy and the economy of the Republic of Serbia.
How the Serbian economy and companies will "spread" the pandemic is completely
uncertain. The conducted research considers several key aspects of the problems
faced by small and medium enterprises in the Republic of Serbia in the conditions of
crisis. The pandemic caused by the COVID-19, in addition to affecting people's lives
and health, also has a devastating effect on the company's business on a global and
national level. The aim of this paper is to determine in what way and to what extent
the COVID-19 has affected the business of the companies and what are the biggest
challenges and problems they face. The basic hypothesis from which we start is: The
current pandemic has caused a significant drop in profits and affected the way small
and medium enterprises operate in the Republic of Serbia.
The analysis in the paper will be performed using scientific literature, publications and
survey research. Based on the conducted analysis, conclusions will be drawn by the
method of synthesis and comparison. The research is expected to show that the
pandemic caused by the COVID-19 has a negative impact on companies, their
finances and business, while the most affected are small companies - especially
those with up to 10 employees.
Keywords: Covid-19, business operations, recession, profitability.
114
MALA I SREDNJA PREDUZEĆA NA UDARU KOVID-19 “CUNAMIJA”
Marko Todić
Univerzitet u Prištini sa privremenim sedištem u Kosovskoj Mitrovici,

Ekonomski fakultet, Kolašinska 156., 38220 Kosovska Mitrovica
Kriza izazvana pandemijom korona virusa imaće brojne nesagledive posledice po

svetsku i privredu Republike Srbije. Kako će srpska privreda i preduzeća “preležati”
virus – potpuno je neizvesno. Izvršeno istraživanje razmatra nekoliko ključnih
aspekata problema s kojima se suočavaju mala i srednja preduzeća u Republici Srbiji
u uslovima krize. Pandemija COVID-19 osim uticaja na živote i zdravlje ljudi, ima i
razarajuće dejstvo na poslovanje preduzeća na globalnom i nacionalnom nivou. Cilj
rada je utvrditi na koji način i u kojoj meri je pandemija COVID-19 uticala na
poslovanje preduzeća i koji su najveći izazovi i problemi sa kojima se ona suočavaju.
Osnovna hipoteza od koje se polazi je: Aktuelna pandemija je uslovila značajan pad
profita i uticala na način poslovanja malih i srednjih preduzeća u Republici Srbiji.
Analiza u radu biće izvršena korišćenjem naučne literature, publikacija i anketnim
istraživanjem. Na osnovu sprovedene analize, metodom sinteze i komparacije biće
izvedeni zaključci. Očekuje se da će istraživanje pokazati da pandemija izazvana
COVID-19 ima negativan uticaj na preduzeća, na njihove finansije i poslovanje, a
najviše su pogođena mala preduzeća - naročito ona koja imaju do 10 zaposlenih.
Ključne reči: Covid-19, pandemija, poslovanje preduzeća, recesija, profitabilnost..
115
EXPLORING THE ROLE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND INNOVATION IN

THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SMART CITY CONCEPT BY APPLICATION
OF TRAPEZOIDAL FAHP METHOD
Mimica R. Milošević1, Dušan M. Milošević2, Vladimir Đorđević1

1College of Business Economics and Entrepreneurship, Mitropolita Petra 8,
11000 Belgrade, Serbia
2University of Nis, Faculty of Electronics, Aleksandra Medvedeva 14,
18000 Nis, Serbia
Lifestyle changes during the COVID-19 pandemic are increasingly encouraging

thinking about building more sustainable smart cities. It is necessary to create
platforms for cities that will withstand the rapid evolution of our environment. The
development of "smart" cities consists of creating or improving services for citizens by
taking advantage of the opportunities of digital ecosystems. Although research on
"smart" cities conducts for almost three decades, the role of entrepreneurship and
innovation in the "smart" city concept development is not sufficiently researched. A
smart city is an entrepreneurial city. There is a two-way relationship between
entrepreneurship and "smart" cities. First of all, entrepreneurs are launching
technological innovations that help cities go through a socio-technical transition and
become smart cities. Then, technologies adopted in cities generate data that then
help companies explore new opportunities. Despite the potential of this two-way
relationship, this link is less explored. This paper aims to determine the role of
entrepreneurship and innovation in the "smart" city concept development by applying
the trapezoidal Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchical Process (FAHP) by ranking key
indicators related to "smart" city development.
Keywords: COVID-19, pandemic, smart city, FAHP, indicators, entrepreneurship,

innovation.
116
ISTRAŽIVANJE ULOGE PREDUZETNIŠTVA I INOVACIJA U RAZVOJU

KONCEPTA PAMETAN GRAD PRIMENOM TRAPEZNOG FAHP METODA
Mimica R. Milošević1, Dušan M. Milošević2, Vladimir Đorđević1

1Visoka škola za poslovnu ekonomiju i preduzetništvo, Mitropolita Petra 8,
11000 Beograd, Srbija
2Univerzitet u Nišu, Elektronski fakultet, Aleksandra Medvedeva 14, 18000 Niš, Srbija
Promene životnog stila tokom pandemije COVID 19 sve više podstiču razmišljanje o
izgradnji održivijih pametnih gradova. Neophodno je stvoriti platforme za gradove koji
će izdržati brzi razvoj našeg okruženja. Razvoj pametnih gradova sastoji se u
stvaranju ili poboljšanju usluga za građane iskorišćavanjem mogućnosti digitalnih
ekosistema. Iako se istraživanja o pametnim gradovima sprovode skoro tri decenije,
uloga preduzetništva i inovacija u razvoju koncepta pametnog grada nije dovoljno
istražena. Pametan grad je preduzetnički grad. Između preduzetništva i pametnih
gradova postoji dvosmerni odnos. Pre svega, preduzetnici pokreću tehnološke
inovacije koje pomažu gradovima da prođu kroz socio-tehničku tranziciju i postanu
pametni gradovi. Tada tehnologije usvojene u gradovima generišu podatke koji zatim
pomažu kompanijama da istraže nove mogućnosti. Uprkos potencijalu ove
dvosmerne veze, ova veza je manje istražena. Ovaj rad ima za cilj da utvrdi ulogu
preduzetništva i inovacija u razvoju koncepta pametnog grada primenom
trapezoidnog Fazi Analitičkog Hijerarhijskog Procesa (FAHP) rangiranjem ključnih
pokazatelja povezanih sa razvojem pametnog grada.
Ključne reči: COVID-19, pandemic, pametan grad, FAHP, indicator, preduzetništvo,

inovacije.
117
CRISIS MANAGEMENT OF HEALTHCARE SYSTEMS IN THE

CONDITIONS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

University in Priština / Kosovska Mitrovica, Faculty of Economics, Kolašinska 156,
38220 Kosovska Mitrovica
The "modern" crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has left and leaves unforeseeable
consequences on a global level. It is a well-known fact that this pandemic, in addition to the
greatest health impact, initiated and caused the most serious economic crisis since the
Second World War, a crisis almost five times more destructive than the one from 2008.
The first to be hit by the COVID-19 pandemic were health systems. The reason for that is a
significant number of infected people who were in need for medical care. In conditions of
organizational chaos, in stressful circumstances characterized by a lack of accurate
information, crisis management becomes an important factor of the responsible health care
management. Crisis management is the name for all types of activities aimed at dealing with
the system in a state of emergency: prevention, mitigation, response and recovery.
Effective crisis management implies readiness to respond to such crisis situations.
Assessing and recognizing existing capacities is essential for crisis management because
total capacities determine the readiness of a system in crisis for an adequate response.
Keywords: crisis management, crisis, COVID-19, healthcare system.
KRIZNI MENADŽMENT ZDRAVSTVENIH SISTEMA U USLOVIMA

PANDEMIJE COVID-19

Univerzitet u Prištini / Kosovska Mitrovica, Ekonomski fakultet,, Kolašinska 156,
„Moderna“ kriza izazvana pandemijom COVID 19 ostavila je i ostavlja nesagledive posledice

na globalnom nivou. Opšte poznata činjenica je da je ova pandemija pored velike
zdravstvene, pokrenula i izazvala najozbiljniju ekonomsku krizu od Drugog svetskog rata, krizu
skoro pet puta razorniju od one iz 2008. godine. Prvi na udaru pandemije korona virusa bili su
zdravstveni sistemi. Razlog tome je značajan broj zaraženih i bolesnih kojima je neophodna
zdravstvena pomoć i nega. U uslovima organizacionog haosa, u stresnim okolnostima koju
karakteriše nedostatak preciznih informacija, krizni menadžment postaje važan faktor
odgovornog upravljanja zdravstvenim sistemima. Krizni menadžment je naziv za sve vrste
aktivnosti usmerene na postupanje sa sistemom u stanju vanrednih situacija: prevenciju,
ublažavanje (mitigacija), reagovanje i oporavak.
Efikasan krizni menadžment podrazumeva spremnost za odgovor na ovakve krizne situacije.
Procenjivanje i prepoznavanje postojećih kapaciteta od suštinskog je značaja za krizni
menadžment jer ukupni kapaciteti određuju spremnost jednog sistema u krizi za adekvatan
odgovor.
Ključne reči: krizni menadžment, kriza, COVID 19, zdravstveni sistem.
118
PROBLEMS AND CHALLENGES IN MEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT

DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

The shock caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in the economy points out that
numerous factors on a global level can be characterized as triggers of the economic
recession, and among these factors, special attention is paid today to human health.
In the circumstances of the pandemic, the waste management sector faces a number
of challenges. This is especially true for those involved in the collection, sorting,
disposal and treatment of medical waste. Medical waste is a potential source of
infection, so it is necessary to safely and appropriately collect, transport, process and
temporarily or permanently dispose of it. The amount of medical waste (MW) has
increased significantly since the beginning of the pandemic, with this category
covering all types of waste from clinics, hospitals, laboratories and institutions
operating within the health system. The aim of this paper is to point out the
importance of medical waste management, because it poses a great risk to the
environment, but also to the health of persons involved in the waste management
sector. The authors of the paper tried to analyze the situation, to compare it with the
available research that was conducted in the world and in the Republic of Serbia in
the period before the beginning and during the pandemic.
Keywords: circular economy, COVID-19, pandemic, environmental protection, waste

management, medical waste (MW).
119
PROBLEMI I IZAZOVI U UPRAVLjANjU MEDICINSKIM OTPADOM U

VREME PANDEMIJE COVID-19

Univerzitet u Prištini / Kosovska Mitrovica, Ekonomski fakultet, Kolašinska 156,
Šok koji je pandemija virusa COVID-19 izazvala u ekonomiji ističe da se brojni faktori
na globalnom nivou mogu okarakterisati kao okidači ekonomske recesije, a među
ovim faktorima posebna pažnja se danas posvećuje zdravlju ljudi. U okolnostima
pandemije sektor upravljanja otpadom suočava se sa brojnim izazovima. To se
posebno odnosi na one koji se bave prikupljanjem, razvrstavanjem, zbrinjavanjem i
tretmanom medicinskog otpada. Medicinski otpad predstavlja potencijalni izvor
infekcije, zato je neophodno da se bezbedno i na odgovarajući način sakupi,
transportuje, preradi i privremeno ili konačno odloži. Količina medicinskog otpada
(MO) se znatno povećala od početka pandemije, pri čemu ova kategorija obuhvata
sve vrste otpada iz klinika, bolnica, laboratorija i ustanova koje posluju u okviru
zdravstvenog sistema. Cilj rada je da se ukaže na značaj upravljanja medicinskim
otpadom, jer on predstavlja veliki rizik po životnu sredinu, ali i po zdravlje osoba
uključenih u sektor upravljanja otpadom. Autori u radu su nastojali da analiziraju
stanje, izvrše komparaciju sa dostupnim istraživanjima koja su sprovedena u svetu i u
Republici Srbiji u periodu pre početka i u toku same pandemije.
Ključne reči: cirkularna ekonomija, COVID-19, pandemija, zaštita životne sredine,

upravljanje otpadom, medicinski otpad (MO).
120
CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR ECOLOGICAL DISPOSAL OF MOTOR

VEHICLES AT THE END OF THE LIFE CYCLE
Siniša Arsić1, Radoljub Tomić2, Miloš Arsić2, Dragutin Jovanović3

1Collegeof Academic Studies "Dositej", Belgrade, Serbia
2Shipping
School of Academic Studies, Belgrade, Serbia
3Apeiron University, Banja Luka, RS, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Defining suitable car concepts for a rational ecological resolving is set as an imperative in the
product development phase yet. The idea is to incorporate the appropriate ecological
solutions of the product into design conceptions so that the product (after withdrawal from
usage) can be rationally, efficiently and effectively decomposed at the level of monolithic
structures and materials, with possible partial revitalization of the car parts or recycling of
components. Larger groups of parts (assemblies, elements, components) with the same type
of materials use less number of different standard procedures, technologies and processes.
So, good models need to be developed of assessment and evaluation regarding the conditi-
on of the product (at the end of the resource) should be developed so that it can be reliably
assessed that the car is no longer suitable for cost-effective improvements and upgrading in
order to preserve or improve its performances, ie. to prolong its life cycle. This paper consid-
ers particularly the aspects of rational integration because of the effective decomposition of of
a car after withdrawal from use for the sake of full quality ecological resolving according to the
3R model (Reduce-Reuse-Recycle) for the ELV (End of Life Vehicles).
Keywords: car, conceptual model, ecological resolving, ELV, 3R model.
KONCEPTUALNI MODEL ZA EKOLOŠKO ZBRINJAVANJE MOTORNIH

VOZILA NA KRAJU ŽIVOTNOG CIKLUSA
Siniša Arsić1, Radoljub Tomić2, Miloš Arsić2, Dragutin Jovanović3
1Visoka
škola akademskih studija „Dositej“, Beograd, Srbija
2Visoka
brodarska škola akademskih studija, Beograd, Srbija
3Apeiron Univerzitet, Banjaluka, Republika Srpska, Bosna i Hercegovina
Definisanje prikladnih koncepata automobila za racionalno ekološko rešenje postavlja se kao

imperativ još u fazi razvoja proizvoda. Ideja je ugraditi odgovarajuća ekološka rešenja
proizvoda u dizajnerske koncepcije, tako da se proizvod (nakon povlačenja iz upotrebe) može
racionalno, efikasno i delotvorno razgraditi na razini monolitnih struktura i materijala, s
mogućom delimičnom revitalizacijom delova automobila ili recikliranje komponenata. Veće
grupe delova (sklopovi, elementi, delovi) s istom vrstom materijala koriste manji broj različitih
standardnih postupaka, tehnologija i procesa. Dakle, potrebno je razviti dobre modele procene
stanja proizvoda (na kraju životnog veka) kako bi se pouzdano moglo proceniti da automobil
više nije prikladan za isplativa poboljšanja i nadogradnje, odnosno, da bi sačuvali ili produžili
svoj životni ciklus. Ovaj rad posebno razmatra aspekte racionalne integracije zbog učinkovite
dekompozicije automobila nakon povlačenja iz upotrebe radi potpuno kvalitetnog ekološkog
razlučivanja prema modelu 3R (Reduce-Reuse-Recycle) za ELV (End of Life Vehicles).
Ključne reči: vozilo, konceptualni model, ekološko rešavanje, 3R model.
121
SUSTAINABILITY OF THE FASHION INDUSTRY AT THE TIME OF THE

COVID-19 PANDEMIC

In terms of fashion, the unsustainability of the current linear model is evident on the
planet of limited resources with a deep-rooted practice of rapid production,
consumption, and disposal of clothing. A multidimensional trend that dominates the
fashion industry today, encourages authors to deal with this phenomenon. In this
paper, the intention of the author is to study and analyze the state of the fashion
industry that permeates all aspects of human society. In this context, the paper aims
to investigate how the application of the circular model in the fashion industry can
contribute to achieving the goals of sustainable development. Observed from the
ecological, economic and social aspect, the negative influences of the linear model of
the fashion industry are becoming more and more transparent. The transition to a
circular model of the fashion industry implies a transition to a completely new,
sustainable approach, which requires a strong systematic commitment of all market
participants. The available research findings on this topic enabled the authors to
analyze the role and attitude of consumers towards fashion. Demystifying consumers,
as decision bearers in the process of purchasing, using and disposing of clothing,
indicates that they are crucial in the transition from the linear to the circular fashion
industry. In the time of pandemic of unprecedented proportions, caused by the
COVID-19 virus, a special challenge of ensuring the sustainability of the fashion
industry is to point out the importance and inevitability of its reform.
Keywords: circular economy, sustainable development, fashion industry, COVID-19.
122
ODRŽIVOST MODNE INDUSTRIJE U VREME PANDEMIJE COVID-19
Univerzitet u Prištini sa privremenim sedištem u Kosovskoj Mitrovici,

Ekonomski fakultet, Kolašinska 156, 38220 Kosovska Mitrovica
U modnom smislu, na planeti ograničenih resursa evidentna je neodrživost trenutnog

linearnog modela sa duboko ukorenjenom praksom brze proizvodnje, potrošnje i
odlaganja odevnih predmeta. Multidimenzionalni trend koji je danas zavladao
modnom industrijom, podstakao je autore da se bave ovim fenomenom. Intencija
autora je da u ovom radu prouče i analiziraju stanje modne industrije koja prožima
sve aspekte ljudskog društva. U tom kontekstu, rad ima za cilj da istraži na koji način
primena cirkularnog modela u modnoj industriji može da doprinese postizanju ciljeva
održivog razvoja. Posmatrano sa ekološkog, ekonomskog i socijalnog aspekta
negativni uticaji linearnog modela modne industrije postaju sve transparentniji.
Tranzicija ka cirkularnom modelu modne industrije podrazumeva prelazak na potpuno
novi, održivi pristup, koji zahteva snažnu sistemsku posvećenost svih učesnika na
tržištu. Dostupni nalazi istraživanja na ovu temu, omogućili su autorima da analiziraju
ulogu i odnos potrošača prema modi. Demistifikovanjem potrošača, kao donosioca
odluka u procesu kupovine, korišćenja i odlaganja odevnih predmeta, ukazuje da su
oni od krucijalne važnosti u tranziciji od linearne ka cirkularnoj modnoj industriji. U
vreme pandemije nezapamćenih razmera, izazvane virusom COVID-19, poseban
izazov obezbeđenja održivosti modne industrije predstavlja ukazivanje na značaj i
neminovnovnost njenog reformisanja.
Ključne reči: cirkularna ekonomija, održivi razvoj, modna industrija, COVID-19.
123
CHALLENGES OF ENTREPRENEURS, SMALL AND MEDIUM

ENTERPRISES DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Dr Violeta Jovanović1, Dr Marija Nikolić Tošović2

1Faculty
of Management Zaječar, Serbia
2LUM Jean Monnet University, Faculty of Economics, Italy
The spread of the COVID-19 pandemic has caused urgent mobilization at the national,
regional and international level with drastic measures, including quarantine and restricted
movement measures, as well as the closure of borders. Although it is primarily a major health
crisis with devastating social effects, its impact on the economy is also disastrous. There has
been a reduction in economic activity globally. Consumption and production are lowering.
Exports are also declining, while unemployment is rising since people lose their jobs. One of
the sectors significantly affected by the pandemic is entrepreneurship, small and medium
enterprises (SMEs). In such business conditions, in order to survive and cope with the
existing crisis, small and medium enterprises need a very capable management and
entrepreneurs who will apply new management models in business. Managers need
knowledge and skills in the field of risk management, organizational change management, as
well as human resource management in order to refocus their business strategies and ensure
survival in the market.
Keywords: enterprise management, entrepreneurship, small and medium enterprises

(SMEs), pandemic COVID-19.
IZAZOVI PREDUZETNIKA, MALIH I SREDNJIH PREDUZEĆA U DOBA

PANDEMIJE COVID-19
Dr Violeta Jovanović1, Dr Marija Nikolić Tošović2

1Fakultet
za menadžment Zaječar, Srbija
2LUM Jean Monnet University, Faculty of Economics, Italy
Širenje pandemije COVID 19 uslovilo je hitnu mobilizaciju na nacionalnom, regionalnom i

međunarodnom nivou sa drastičnim merama, uključujući mere karantina i ograničenog
kretanja, kao i zatvaranje granica. Iako je to prvenstveno velika zdravstvena kriza sa
razarajućim društvenim efektima, njen uticaj na ekonomiju je takođe katastrofalan. Došlo je do
smanjenja ekonomskih aktivnosti na globalnom nivou. Smanjuje se potrošnja i
proizvodnja.Takođe se smanjuje izvoz, dok raste nezaposlenost jer ljudi ostaju bez posla.
Jedan od sektora koji je značajno pogođen pandemijom je preduzetništvo, mala i srednja
preduzeća (MSPP). U ovakvim uslovima poslovanja, da bi opstala i izborila se sa postojećom
krizom, malim i srednjim preduzećima je neophodan veoma sposoban menadžment i
preduzetnici koji će u poslovanju primeniti nove modele upravljanja. Menadžerima su
neophodna znanja i veštine iz oblasti upravljanja rizikom, organizacionim promenama, kao i
upravljanja ljudskim resursima kako bi preusmerili svoje poslovne strategije i obezbedili
opstanka na tržištu.
Ključne reči: upravljanje preduzećem, preduzetništvo, mala i srednja preduzeća (MSPP),

pandemija COVID-19.
124
EFFECTS OF THE PANDEMIC ON THE CAPACITY OF WOMEN IN

AGRICULTURE TO ADAPT TO CLIMATE CHANGE

University of Niš, Faculty of Occupational Safety, Niš, Serbia
Previous studies have shown that climate change takes on a gender dimension and that the
status of women is less favourable than that of men due to unequal access to the basic
commodities, such as land, water, energy, finance, information, and technology. The studies
also indicate that the status of women who work in climate-dependent fields, such as
agriculture and tourism, is even less favourable. In addition to the extended negative impact
of climate change, women have been exposed to new forms of pandemic-related pressures
over the last twelve months. The results of previous studies indicate that every pandemic so
far has produced gender-dividing effects but also that the policy creators seemingly have not
given much attention to this aspect of pandemics. This paper discusses the gender
dimension of the COVID-19 pandemic, in particular how it has affected female farmers,
without disregarding the unfavourable status of women in other fields of activity. In the
authors’ opinion, female farmers are at a distinct disadvantage because exposure to the dual
pressure (climate change and the pandemic) negatively impacts not only their everyday life
but also their already limited capacity to adapt to climate change.
Keywords: COVID-19, pandemic, climate change, female farmers.
UTICAJ PANDEMIJE NA KAPACITETE ŽENA U POLJOPRIVREDI ZA

ADAPTACIJU NA KLIMATSKE PROMENE
Univerzitet u Nišu, Fakultet zaštite na radu, Niš, Srbija
Dosadašnja istraživanja su pokazala da klimatske promene imaju rodnu dimenziju, te da su

žene u nepovoljnijem položaju od muškaraca zbog nejednakog pristupa osnovnim resursima,
kao što su zemljište, voda, energija, finansije, informacije i tehnologija. Pri tom ukazuje se da je
nešto nepovoljniji položaj žena koje su angažovane u klimatski osetljivim sektorima, poput
poljoprivrede i turizma. Osim većeg negativnog uticaja klimatskih promena, žene se u
poslednjih godinu dana iskusile nove vrste pritiska vezane za pandemiju. Dosadašnji rezultati
istraživanja ukazuju da su sve epidemije imale rodno podeljene efekte, ali da do sada kreatori
politika čine se nisu mnogo vodili računa o ovoj dimenziji epidemija. U radu ukazujemo na
rodnu dimenziju COVID-19, posebno na uticaj pandemije na poljoprivrednice, ne umanjujući
nepovoljan položaj žena u ostalim delatnostima. Prema mišljenju autorki, poljoprivrednice su u
veoma nepovoljnom položaju, jer izloženost ovim dvostrukim pritiscima (klimatskim
promenama i pandemiji) osim što utiče na njihov svakodnevni život, negativno se odražava i
na onako male sposobnosti adaptacije na klimatske promene.
Ključne reči: COVID-19, pandemijaklimatske promene, poljoprivrednice.
125
THE CHALLENGE OF FUNCTIONING AND DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL

AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY

Circular economy is a regenerative economic and business model that positively affects all
types of capital: social, natural, financial and human. The main goal of using a circular
economy is the regeneration of devastated natural resources, retention of raw materials in
use and extended product life, by applying a certain design that allows products not to
become waste at the end of their life and contribute to pollution. The paper analyzes the
company KNIToMANIA, which is an example of support for sustainable development of
Serbia through the concept of circular economy. KNIToMANIA is an idea that combines
traditional knitting creativity authentic to these spaces and ecological utility. The driving force
is the desire to combine the environmental and social elements in order to contribute to
raising awareness of the problems that exist within the community through products and
workshops. Namely, KNIToMANIE's task is to achieve self-sustainability in order for this
company to continuously develop. The products are crocheted from used plastic bags, and
they are made of produces by the elderly, which thus directly contribute to the protection of
the environment.
Keywords: circular economy, sustainable development, small and medium enterprises
(SME) sector, waste management.
IZAZOV FUNKCIONISANJA I RAZVOJA MALIH I SREDNJIH PREDUZEĆA

U CIRKULARNOJ EKONOMIJI
Univerzitet u Prištini / Kosovska Mitrovica, Ekonomski fakultet, Kolašinska 156,
Cirkularna ekonomija je regenerativni privredni i poslovni model koji pozitivno utiče na sve
vrste kapitala: društveni, prirodni, finansijski i ljudski. Osnovni cilj upotrebe cirkularne
ekonomije je regeneracija devastiranih prirodnih resursa, zadržavanje sirovina u upotrebi i
produženi životni vek proizvoda, primenom određenog dizajna koji omogućava da na kraju
životnog veka proizvodi ne postaju otpad i doprinose zagađenju. U radu je analizirano
preduzeće KNIToMANIA koje je primer podrške održivom razvoju Srbije kroz koncept
cirkularne ekonomije. KNIToMANIA je ideja koja spaja tradicionalnu kreativnost pletenja
autentičnu za ove prostore i ekološku korisnost. Pokretačka niz jeste želja da se spoje ekološki
i socijalni element kako bi se preko proizvoda i radionica doprinelo podizanju svesti o
problemima koji postoje u okviru zajednice. Naime, zadatak KNIToMANIE je postizanje
samoodrživosti kako bi se ovo preduzeće kontinuirano razvijalo. Proizvodi se heklaju od
iskorišćenih plastičnih kesa, a izrađuju ih, ili proizvode, starije osobe koje time direktno
doprinose zaštiti životne sredine.
Ključne reči: cirkularna ekonomija, održivi razvoj, sektor malih i srednjih preduzeća (MSP),
upravljanje otpadom.
126
OUTLOOK OF THE USE OF WIND ENERGY IN SERBIA
Academy of Technical Vocational Studies Belgrade, Department of Belgrade

Polytechnic, Belgrade, Serbia
With the accelerated development of civilization, the fast development of technology

and industry, following the entrance into the 21st century, large goals related to
sustainable development and the further advancement of civilization are set, whereas
the emphasis is on the reduction or the complete replacement of the exploitation of
non-renewable energy sources with the use of alternative energy sources. This
replacement achieves not only an unlimited amount of energy, but also reduces the
negative impact on the environment which is being increased through the exploitation
of current energy sources on a daily basis, the result of which can have catastrophic
consequences on a global scale.
In Serbia, the use of any kind of renewable energy sources is minimal or non-existent
despite a good potential for development in this direction. The construction of facilities
for the use of renewable energy is expensive, but progress would be reflected on the
economy as well, especially in the long term.
The territory of Serbia is quite specific due to its geographical area because it
encompasses the mountainous area of central Serbia, the plains of Vojvodina and
has many rivers. This geographic location possesses the potential for the use of wind
power. The most significant winds in Serbia are košava, severac (a type of north
wind), moravac, the south wind and the southwest wind. The most important winds in
Vojvodina are košava, the east wind, the northwest wind, the west and the north
wind. The potential of wind power is large because of košava and severac which are
two important factors that shape the climate of these parts. Košava is a south-eastern
wind which blows from the Carpathian Mountains, and in Serbia reaches the cities of
Niš in the south, Subotica in the north and Šid in the west. According to the data
recorded so far, the gusts of this wind are the strongest at the entrance to the Djerdap
gorge. It brings with it dry and cold weather and greatly influences the western
climate. On the territory of Serbia, a wind known as severac is also present. It is a
cold wind that reaches Serbia from Hungary in the north and blows across the
Pannonian basin and Vojvodina.
Wind generators (wind farms) are a type of power plants that use wind energy. Wind
generators are comprised of a pillar-shaped supporting construction, a wind turbine,
an electrical energy generator, a part that regulates the generator spinning speed and
the wind generator output voltage and the connection to an energy storage system or
to the electrical network.
127
Serbia has technically useable wind potential of a range between 8 and 15 GW. In
Serbia, there are potentially convenient locations for the construction of wind
generators. These are the eastern parts of Serbia – Stara Planina (the Balkan
Mountains), Vlasina, Ozren, Rtanj, Deli Jovan, Crni Vrh, etc. In these regions, there
are locations whose average wind speed is over 6m/s. This area covers around 2000
km2 and in future, around 2000 MW of installed wind generator power can be
constructed here. Zlatibor, Žabljak, Bjelasica, Kopaonik, Divčibare are mountainous
areas where measurements might determine the suitable locations for the
construction of wind generators. The Pannonian basin north of the Danube is also
rich in wind. This area covers around 2000 km 2 and is suitable for the construction of
wind generators because the road infrastructure is solid, an electric network exists,
large centres of electricity consumption are nearby and similar.
Serbia has a total of ten wind farms which are connected to the electricity generation
system (“Devreč I”, “Kula”, “La Pičolina”, “Malibunar”, “Alibunar”, “Kitka”, “Kovačica”,
“Košava I”, “Čibuk I”, “Plandište I”). The first park was constructed on the Pešter
plateau, in the municipality of Tutin in 2011. The largest wind farm “Čibuk I” is located
in the village of Mramorak near the town of Kovin, and its capacity is 158 MW. The
total power of all the wind farms in Serbia is 430 MW.
The legislation in Serbia is currently being developed in a more positive direction. In
the past couple of decades, key laws and draft laws which define and develop
sustainable development, environmental protection, as well as the creation of a better
and “greener” Serbia. All this goes in favour of using renewable energy sources,
among them wind energy.
Keywords: renewable energy sources, wind energy, košava, severac, wind gener-
ators.
PERSPEKTIVA KORIŠĆENJA ENERGIJE VETRA U SRBIJI
Akademija tehničkih strukovnih studija Beograd, Odsek Beogradska politehnika,

Beograd, Srbija
Sa ubrzanim razvojem civilizacije, ubrzanim razvojem tehnologije i industrije, ulaskom

u 21. vek, postavljaju se veliki ciljevi vezani za održivi razvoj i dalji napredak
civilizacije pri čemu se akcenat stavlja na smanjenje ili potpunu zamenu
iskorišćavanja neobnovljivih izvora energije, korišćenjem alternativnih izvora energije.
Ovakvom zamenom se dobija ne samo neograničena količina energije već se i
smanjuje negativan uticaj na okolinu koji se upotrebom dosadašnjih izvora energije
svakodnevno povećava, a čiji rezultat može imati globalno katastrofalne posledice.
128
U Srbiji se upotreba bilo koje vrste obnovljivih izvora minimalno ili uopšte ne koristi
uprkos dobrom potencijalu za razvoj u ovom smeru. Izgradnja postrojenja za
upotrebu obnovljive energije je skupa, ali bi se napredak ogledao i na ekonomskom
planu, naročito za dugoročniji vremenski period.
Teritorija Srbije je vrlo specifična po svojoj geografskoj površini jer obuhvata planinski
deo Srbije, ravnicu Vojvodine i ima veliki broj reka. Ovakav geografski položaj
poseduje potencijal za korišćenje snage vetra. Najznačajniji vetrovi u Srbiji su
košava, severac, moravac, južni vetar i jugozapadni vetar. Najznačajniji vetrovi u
Vojvodini su košava, istočni, severozapadni, zapadni i severni vetar. Potencijal snage
vetra je veliki zbog košave i severca koji su dva bitna faktora koji oblikuju klimu na
našim prostorima. Košava je jugoistočni vetar koji duva sa Karpata, a na našim
prostorima se oseća do Niša na jugu, Subotice na severu i Šida na zapadu. Prema
do sada zabeleženim podacima, udari ovog vetra su najjači na ulazu u Đerdapsku
klisuru. Donosi suvo i hladno vreme i ima veliki uticaj na zapadnu klimu. Na području
Srbije prisutan je i vetar poznat kao severac. Reč je o hladnom vetru koji kod nas
stiže sa severa iz Mađarske, pa duva preko Panonske nizije i Vojvodine.
Vetrogeneratori (vetroelektrane) su vrsta elektrana koje koriste energiju vetra.
Vetrogeneratori se sastoje iz noseće konstrukcije u obliku stuba, vetroturbine,
generatora električne energije, dela koji reguliše brzinu obrtanja generatora i izlazni
napon vetrogeneratora i priključka na neki sistem za akumulisanje energije ili na
električnu mrežu.
Srbija ima tehnički iskoristiv vetropotencijal u rasponu od 8 do 15 GW. U Srbiji
postoje potencijalno pogodne lokacije za izgradnju vetrogeneratora. To su istočni
delovi Srbije – Stara Planina, Vlasina, Ozren, Rtanj, Deli Jovan, Crni Vrh, itd. U ovim
regionima postoje lokacije čija je srednja brzina vetra preko 6 m/s. Ova oblast pokriva
oko 2000 km2 i u budućnosti bi se moglo izgraditi oko 2000 MW instalirane snage
vetrogeneratora. Zlatibor, Žabljak, Bjelasica, Kopaonik, Divčibare su planinska
područja gde bi se merenjem mogle utvrditi pogodne lokacije za izgradnju
vetrogeneratora. Panonska nizija severno od Dunava, takođe je bogata vetrom. Ova
oblast pokriva oko 2000 km2 i pogodna je za izgradnju vetrogeneratora jer je solidna
putna infrastruktura, postoji električna mreža, blizina velikih centara potrošnje
električne energije i slično.
Srbija ima ukupno deset vetroparkova koji su priključeni na sistem proizvodnje
električne energije („Devreč I“, „Kula“, „La Pičolina“, „Malibunar“, „Alibunar“, „Kitka“,
„Kovačica“, „Košava I“, „Čibuk I“, „Plandište I“). Prvi park je izgrađen na Pešteru, u
opštini Tutin, 2011. godine. Najveći vetropark je „Čibuk I“, nalazi se u mestu
Mramorak kod Kovina, a kapacitet mu je 158 MW. Ukupna snaga svih vetroelektrana
u Srbiji je 430 MW.
Trenutno stanje u zakonodavstvu u Srbiji je počelo da se razvija u pozitivnijem smeru.
U proteklih par decenija su uvedeni ključni zakoni i nacrti zakona kojima se definiše i
unapređuje održivi razvoj, zaštita životne sredine, kao i stvaranje bolje i „zelenije“
Srbije. Sve to ide u prilog korišćenja obnovljivih izvora energije, između ostalog i
energije vetra.
Ključne reči: obnovljivi izvori energije, energija vetra, košava, severac, vetrogenera-
tori.
129
PROGRESSIVE MULTI-STAGE STUDY OF GEOECOLOGICAL FACTORS

OF ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF MINERAL RAW DEPOSITS
AS MARKET VALORIZATION FACILITIES
University of Belgrade, Faculty of Mining and Geology, Belgrade, Serbia
Modern ecological trend and requirements for pollution prevention and environmental
protection related to metallic, non-metallic and energy mineral raw materials, require special
attention in the part with the analysis of geoecological factors of economic evaluation of
geological exploration results in a particular exploration area. Economic evaluation as a
complex system of factors and sets of indicators is characterized by different degrees of detail
and reliability in different stages of exploration, knowledge and determination of the
characteristics of the explored mineral raw materials. Multistage exploration and study of
mineral resources, among other things, stems from the economic need to ensure a safer
outcome of investments and reduce the associated risks specific to the mineral sector and the
mineral economy. The exploration of each mineral deposit is carried out according to certain
principles, among which is the principle of gradualness. Due to the practical application of this
principle, the process of geological exploration is divided into several operations and stages.
Going from the initial to the final stages of exploration, the degree of knowledge and study of
the geological object of exploration increases and eventually results in the definition of the ore
deposit as the final economic object of mineral valorization.
The economic evaluation of mineral deposits, in accordance with the gradual realization of
geological exploration, is also characterized by the application of the principle of gradualness.
This gradualness means that the evaluation does not wait for the completion of all geological
exploration, but the economic evaluation is performed at the end of each stage of geological
exploration. This means carrying out an economic evaluation, in the most complete process
exploration form, at the end of the following stages: (a) regional metallogenetic studies; (b)
prospective exploration; (c) previous exploration; (d) detailed exploration; and (e) exploitation
exploration. Economic evaluation, whose structural elements are a system of factors and sets
of indicators, will have different degrees of detail and reliability at the end of different stages of
exploration. Among the mentioned factors, a particularly important place is occupied by
geoecological factors, whose level of detail of knowledge, determination and definition
increases with the progress of the stage of geological exploration. In the initial stages, the
introduction, processing and presentation of individual indicators of economic evaluation,
which are mostly of a natural character, and which are related to certain factors of economic
evaluation, which includes geoecological factors, dominate. Conducting geological exploration
through each subsequent stage, enables the collection of additional and more detailed data,
which relate to the subject deposit and the characteristics of the mineral raw material from the
ecological aspect. In this way, from the initial geoecological characteristics and basic definition
of the geoecological type of minerals, ores and deposits, through the continuation of
exploration and economic evaluation, geoecological characteristics are studied in several
stages through the impact of mineral raw materials and their treatment on environmental
media, then planning pollution prevention measures, sustainable use of the mineral raw
materials, defining environmental costs, their inclusion in the cost burden of the reserve unit, to
consider their impact on the balance of mineral reserves of the deposit and their commercial
profitability. In that way, the geoecological aspects, which are especially important in the
modern conditions of the functioning of the mineral sector and the mineral economy of Serbia,
are most fully known and studied at certain stages.
Keywords: geoecological factors, economic evaluation, mineral economy, mineral sector.
130
POSTUPNO VIŠESTADIJUMSKO PROUČAVANJE GEOEKOLOŠKIH

FAKTORA EKONOMSKE OCENE LEŽIŠTA MINERALNIH SIROVINA
KAO OBJEKATA TRŽIŠNE VALORIZACIJE
Univerzitet u Beogradu, Rudarsko-geološki fakultet, Beograd, Srbija
Savremeni ekološki trend i zahtevi za prevencijom zagađenja i zaštitom životne sredine vezani
za metalične, nemetalične i energetske mineralne sirovine, nalažu posebnu pažnju u delu sa
analizom geoekoloških faktora ekonomske ocene rezultata geoloških istraživanja na
određenom istražnom području. Ekonomsku ocenu kao složeni sistem faktora i setova
pokazatelja odlikuje različit stepen detaljnosti i pouzdanosti u različitim stadijumima
istraživanja, upoznavanja i utvrđivanja karakteristika istraživanih mineralnih sirovina.
Višestadijumsko istraživanje i proučavanje mineralnih resursa, između ostalog, proističe iz
ekonomske potrebe obezbeđenja sigurnijeg rezultata investicionih ulaganja i smanjenja
pratećih rizika specifičnih za mineralni sektor i mineralnu ekonomiju. Istraživanje svakog
mineralnog ležišta odvija se prema određenim principima, među kojima je princip postupnosti.
Radi praktične primene ovog principa proces geoloških istraživanja se deli na više operacija i
stadijuma. Idući od početnih ka završnim stadijumima istraživanja raste stepen poznavanja i
proučenosti geološkog objekta istraživanja i na kraju rezultira definisanjem rudnog ležišta kao
konačnog ekonomskog objekta tržišne valorizacije mineralne sirovine.
Ekonomsku ocenu ležišta mineralnih sirovina, shodno postepenoj realizaciji geoloških
istraživanja, takođe odlikuje primena principa postupnosti. Ova postupnost znači da se za
ocenu ne čeka završetak svih geoloških istraživanja, već se ekonomska ocena vrši na kraju
svakog od stadijuma geoloških istraživanja. Navedeno znači vršenje ekonomske ocene, u
najpotpunijem procesno istraživačkom obliku, na kraju sledećih stadijuma: (a) regionalnih
metalogenetskih proučavanja; (b) prospekcijskih istraživanja; (c) prethodnih istraživanja; (d)
detaljnih istraživanja; i (e) eksploatacionih istraživanja. Ekonomska ocena, čiji su strukturni
elementi sistem faktora i setovi pokazatelja, na kraju različitih stadijuma istraživanja imaće
različit stepen detaljnosti i pouzdanosti. Među navedenim faktorima posebno značajno mesto
zauzimaju geoekološki faktori, čiji stepen detaljnosti poznavanja, utvrđivanja i definisanja sa
napredovanjem stadijuma geoloških istraživanja raste. U početnim stadijumima dominira
upoznavanje, obrada i prikaz pojedinačnih pokazatelja ekonomske ocene, koji pretežno imaju
naturalni karakter, a koji su vezani za određene faktore ekonomske ocene, što obuhvata i
geoekološke faktore. Sprovođenje geoloških istraživanja kroz svaki naredni stadijum,
omogućuje prikupljanje dodatnh i detaljnijih podataka, koji se odnose na predmetno ležište i
karakteristike mineralne sirovine sa ekološkog aspekta. Na taj način se od početnih
geoekoloških karakteristika i bazičnog definisanja geoekološkog tipa minerala, rude i ležišta,
kroz nastavak istraživanja i ekonomske ocene višestadijumski proučavaju geoekološke
karakteristike preko uticaja mineralnih sirovina i njihovog tretiranja na medijume životne
sredine, zatim planiranja mera prevencije zagađenja, održivog korišćenja predmetnih
mineralnih sirovina, definisanja ekoloških troškova, njihovog uključivanja u troškovno
opterećenje jedinice rezervi, do sagledavanja njihovog uticaja na bilansnost mineralnih rezervi
predmetnog ležišta i njihovu komercijalnu profitabilnost. Na taj način se najpotpunije po
pojedinim stadijumima upoznaju i proučavaju geoekološki aspekti, koji su naročito važni u
savremenim uslovima funkcionisanja mineralnog sektora i mineralne ekonomije Srbije.
Ključne reči: geoekološki faktori, ekonomska ocena, mineralna ekonomija, mineralni sektor.
131
ENTERPRISE'S LIFE CYCLE IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE ECOLOGICAL

RESPONSIBILITY
Mohamed Abd Ahmed Abuhteara1, Prof. dr Maja S. Kovačević2,

Doc. dr Jovana R. Gardašević2
1Bulevar Arsenija Čarnojevića 52/15, Belgrade, Serbia
2Faculty of Economics and Engineering Management, Cvećarska 2, Novi Sad, Serbia
In today business conditions, enterprises are focused on the process of organizing

and innovating business, in order to create a new market, as well as to make a profit
and as such affect all segments of human behavior and action. However, numerous
examples around the world point out the risks and dangers, which arise from the
uncontrolled application of everything that man is able to do to nature. Actions by
individuals, enterprises, and even entire countries, which endanger and pollute the
environment, without respecting technical instructions, standards, as well as
regulations, are illegal and punishable delinquent behavior, i.e., environmental
offenses. The basic question is how to build a specialized enterprise, which in today
working conditions will be ecologically responsible, because caring for the future life
of generations, through quality living and availability of limited natural resources to
perform everyday life, and thus economic activities, is the basis of conservation
environmental and ecological responsibility. Therefore, without the analysis of the life
cycle of the enterprise, it is impossible to imagine the process of efficient ecological
decision-making in a modern enterprise, and thus the adoption of an ecologically
responsible way of doing business. The enterprise, as a business system, has its own
life cycle which includes the following phases: it is created, grows and disappears,
and at the same time goes through certain phases of growth and crisis, with certain
characteristics, which management must recognize in time and take appropriate
measures. The strategy of timely transition from the existing to the next phase means
winning more market shares, more profit and more chances for self-sustainability,
and if there is no such strategy, stagnation and saturation of the enterprise's life cycle
can be expected. The management of the enterprise is a set of key managers in the
enterprise, on which the results of work depend, and thus the development and
increase of ecological awareness of the need to protect the environment.
Consequently, the ecological awareness of the individual, as well as the management
of the enterprise must be an active driver of the necessary balance of economic and
ecological factors, with the mandatory application of business ethics. The aim of this
paper is to analyze the importance of ecological responsibility of an enterprise that
goes through several phases, where awareness of ecological protection is crucial,
because sustainable development and strategic planning are largely linked.
Keywords: enterprises, environment, life cycle, strategic planning.
132
ŽIVOTNI CIKLUS PREDUZEĆA U USLOVIMA EKOLOŠKE

ODGOVORNOSTI
Mohamed Abd Ahmed Abuhteara1, Prof. dr Maja S. Kovačević2,

Doc. dr Jovana R. Gardašević2
1Bulevar Arsenija Čarnojevića 52/15, Beograd, Srbija
2Fakultet za ekonomiju i inženjerski menadžment, Cvećarska 2, Novi Sad, Srbija
U današnjim uslovima poslovanja, preduzeća su usmerena na proces organizovanja i

inoviranja poslovanja, u cilju uspostavljanja novog tržišta, kao i ostvarivanja dobiti i
kao takvo, utiče na sve segmente ljudskog ponašanja i delovanja. Ipak, mnogobrojni
primeri širom sveta ukazuju na rizike i opasnosti, koji proističu iz nekontrolisane
primene svega onoga što je čovek u stanju da učini prirodi.
Postupanje od strane pojedinaca, preduzeća, čak i čitavih država, kojima se
ugrožava i zagađuje životna sredina, pri čemu se ne poštuju tehnička uputstva,
standardi, kao i propisi, predstavljaju nedozvoljena i kažnjiva deliktna ponašanja,
odnosno ekološke delikte.
Osnovno pitanje je kako izgraditi specijalizovano preduzeće, koje će u današnjim
uslovima rada biti i ekološki odgovorno, jer briga o budućem životu generacija
stanovništva, kroz kvalitetan načun življenja i dostupnosti ograničenih prirodnih
resursa za obavljanje svakodnevnih životnih, a time i privrednih aktivnosti, predstavlja
osnovu koncepta očuvanja životne sredine i ekološke odgovornosti. Samim tim, bez
analize životnog ciklusa preduzeća, ne može se zamisliti proces efikasnog ekološkog
odlučivanja u savremenom preduzeću, a time ni usvajanje ekološki odgovornog
načina poslovanja.
Preduzeće kao poslovni sistem, ima svoj životni ciklus koji obuhvata sledeće faze:
stvara se, raste i nestaje, a pri tome prolazi kroz određene faze rasta i kriza, sa
određenim obeležjima, koje menadžment mora pravovremeno prepoznati i preduzeti
odgovarajuće mere. Strategija pravovremenog prelaska iz postojeće u narednu fazu,
znači osvajanje više tržišnih učešća, više profita i više šansi za samoodrživost, a
ukoliko nema te strategije, može se očekivati stagnacija i saturacija životnog ciklusa
preduzeća.
Menadžment preduzeća predstavlja skup ključnih rukovodilaca u preduzeću, od koga
zavise rezultati rada, a na taj način razvoj i povećanje ekološke svesti o neophodnosti
zaštite životne sredine. Shodno tome, ekološka svest pojedinca, kao i menadžmenta
preduzeća moraju biti aktivni pokretač neophodnog uravnoteženja ekonomskih i
ekoloških faktora, uz obaveznu primenu poslovne etike.
Cilj rada je analiza značaja ekološke odgovornosti preduzeća koje prolazi kroz više
faza, pri čemu je svest o očuvanju životne sredine od ključnog značaj, jer su održivi
razvoj i strateško strateško planiranje u velikoj meri povezani.
Ključne reči: preduzeća, životna sredina, životni ciklus, strateško planiranje.
133
NEW MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGIES IN CONTROL OF

ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND HUMAN HEALTH
Scientific Veterinary Institute of Serbia, Auto put br. 3, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
Pesticides are omnipresent in our environment. They are applied to prevent, destroy
or control a large variety of pests ranging from insects to weeds. There are more than
a thousand different pesticides on the market that have different applications.
However, significant amounts of pesticide residues can also end up in food, water
and soil. Preparation and analysis of samples for the presence of pesticides in all
environmental matrices has always been a challenge. In today's society, the need to
expand food production to feed an increasing number of the population has led to the
increased use of a multitude of toxic pesticides in all countries of the world. Analysts
have had to keep up with techniques to measure low levels of these pesticides,
sometimes used indiscriminately for a wide variety of crops, including those for which
they were not intended. Therefore, great attention has been paid to the methods for
the analysis of pesticide traces, especially to the stages of adequate preparation, for
which the most important thing is to be fast, simple and efficient. The revolutionary
QuEChERS method was introduced in 2003 for the analysis of pesticide residues in
fruits and vegetables by Michelangelo Anastassiades. The technique of QuEChERS
(quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe) has become one of the main
challenges and the basis for modifications and improvements of multiresidual,
multiclass pesticide analysis. Various new materials for the mentioned modern
method of preparation, which are being improved every day, enable great reliability in
the determination of pesticides.
Keywords: pesticide residues, sample preparation, QuEChERS method, new materials.
134
NOVI MATERIJALI I TEHNOLOGIJE U KONTROLI ZAŠTITE ŽIVOTNE

SREDINE I ZDRAVLJA ČOVEKA
Naučni institut za veterinarstvo Srbije, Auto put br. 3, 11000 Beograd, Srbija
Pesticidi su sveprisutni u našem okruženju. Primenjuju se za sprečavanje,

uništavanje ili suzbijanje velikog broja različitih štetočina, od insekata do korova. Na
tržištu postoji više od hiljadu različitih pesticida koji imaju različitu primenu. Međutim,
značajne količine ostataka pesticida takođe mogu završiti u hrani, vodi i zemljištu.
Priprema i analiza uzoraka na prisustvo pesticida u svim matriksima životne sredine
uvek je bila izazov. U današnjem društvu, potreba za širenjem proizvodnje hrane za
prehranu sve većeg broja stanovništva dovela je do povećane upotrebe mnoštva
toksičnih pesticida u svim zemljama sveta. Analitičari su morali ići u korak sa
tehnikama za merenje niskih nivoa ovih pesticida, koji se ponekad koriste
neselektivno za širok spektar useva, uključujući i one kojima nisu namenjene. Zbog
toga je velika pažnja posvećena metodama za analizu tragova pesticida, posebno
fazama adekvatne pripreme, za koje je najvažnije da budu brze, jednostavne i
efikasne. Revolucionarna QuEChERS metoda uvedena je 2003. godine za analizu
ostataka pesticida u voću i povrću od strane Michelangela Anastassiadesa. Tehnika
QuEChERS (brza, laka, jeftina, efikasna, robusna i sigurna) postala je jedan od
glavnih izazova i osnova za modifikacije i usavršavanja multirezidualne i više klasne
analize pesticida. Različiti novi materijali za pomenuti moderni način pripreme koji se
svakodnevno usavršaju omugućavaju veliku pouzdanost u određivanje pesticida.
Ključne reči: rezidui pesticida, priprema uzoraka, QuEChERS metoda, novi materijali.
135
SAFETY MANAGEMENT IN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
Prof. dr Stanimir Đukić
ALFA BK University, Faculty of Finance, Banking and Auditing, Belgrade, Serbia
In this paper, the basic functions of security management are viewed as assessing
security threats, challenges and risks, taking measures to eliminate dangers, and
establishing an organization that will be able to protect against all forms of
environmental threats. The aim of this paper is to determine the relationship between
the concepts of security management, environmental protection and sustainable
development. This goal has a theoretical and practical approach. There is a growing
awareness in the world that preserving environment is a civilizational obligation of
humanity. It was finally realized that for the survival of future generations one needs
to have a different attitude towards environment. In that sense, preservation of
environment - as a medium of birth, existence and development of people, animals
and plants - is an unavoidable factor of internal stability and security of a country. The
paper discusses the system of environmental protection, which consists of measures,
conditions and instruments for sustainable management, preservation of natural
balance, integrity, diversity and quality of natural values and conditions for survival of
all living beings, as well as prevention, control, reduction and recovery of all forms of
environmental pollution. The Law on Environmental Protection was also analyzed,
with an emphasis on the set of natural and created values whose complex
interrelationships make up the environment, i.e. space and living conditions, and the
quality of environment, which is the state of the environment expressed by physical,
chemical, biological, aesthetic and other indicators. Although environmental
protection is primarily an internal problem of every country and nation, pollution is
becoming an increasingly global problem today because radiation, biological or
chemical contamination, polluted air, rivers and seas, depleted ozone layer, etc. know
no borders.
Keywords: security management, environment, sustainable development, environ-

mental protection, environmental protection system.
136
БЕЗБЕДНОСНИ МЕНАЏМЕНТ У ЗАШТИТИ ЖИВОТНЕ СРЕДИНЕ
Проф. др Станимир Ђукић
Универзитет АЛФА БК, Факултет за финансије, банкарство и ревизију,

Београд, Србија
У овом раду основне функције безбедносног менаџмента су посматране као

процењивање безбедносних претњи, изазова и ризика, предузимање мера ради
отклањања опасности, и успостављање организације која ће бити способна да
заштити од свих облика угрожавања животне средине. Циљ рада јесте да се
утврди релација између појмова безбедносни менаџмент, заштита животне
средине и одрживи развој. Тај циљ има теоријски и практични приступ. У свету
је све присутнија свест да је очување животне средине цивилизацијска обавеза
човечанства. Коначно се схватило да за опстанак будућих генерација треба
имати друкчији однос према животној средини. У том смислу, очување животне
средине као медијума рађања, битисања и развоја човечанства, биљног и
животинјског света, представља незаобилазан фактор унутрашње стабилности
и безбедности једне земље. У раду се посебно разматра систем заштите
животне средине, који чине мере, услови и инструменти за одрживо управљање
и очување природне равнотеже, целовитости, разноврсности и квалитета
природних вредности и услова за опстанак свих живих бића, као и спречавање,
контролу, смањивање и санацију свих облика загађивања животне средине.
Анализиран је и Закон о заштити животне средине, са акцентом на скуп
природних и створених вредности чији комплексни међусобни односи чине
окружење, односно простор и услови за живот, и квалитет животне средине који
условљава стање животне средине које се исказује физичким, хемијским,
биолошким, естетским и другим индикаторима. Иако је заштита животне
средине превасходно унутрашњи проблем сваке државе и народа, загађивање
данас постаје све више светски проблем зато што радијација, биолошка или
хемијска контаминација, загађење ваздуха и воде, истрошен озонски омотач и
друге еколошке проблеме не познају границе.
Кључне речи: безбедносни менаџмент, животна средина, одрживи развој,

заштита животне средине, систем заштите животне средине.
137
IMPLICATIONS OF COVID-19 ON GLOBAL ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE

AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Prof. Dr Olja Munitlak Ivanović1, Marko Vujić2

1University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Novi Sad, Serbia
2University in Belgrade, Faculty of Political Sciences, Belgrade, Serbia
Globally, the COVID-19 pandemic has been met with surprise and unpreparedness,
although there are obvious signals that the virus, which originated in China, will
spread across the planet. The question that cares is whether life will ever be the
same again, after the World Health Organization declared a pandemic on March 11,
2020. All hopes are focused on mass immunization and the expectation that vaccines
will be resistant to new strains of the virus. COVID-19 has the following
characteristics: rarity in appearance, extremely high impact and significance, there is
a possibility of retrospective predictability. In modern literature, this phenomenon is
known as "Black Swan".
All three pillars that make the essence of sustainable development, which as a
concept began to lose importance, have undergone some kind of change, and over
time, this concept, which insists on the importance of economy and ecology, has
gained in importance, again. The impact of COVID-19 cannot be seen as a health,
economic, financial or social problem alone. Its actions as well as its consequences
are interdisciplinary.
The paradox is that the environment has experienced positive and negative
consequences due to the pandemic. If it is a matter of negative consequences, it is
about new, additional quantities of various waste, which have not endangered the
environment to such an extent so far. First of all, these are masks for the daily
protection of the population from the spread of the infection. These masks should be
changed several times a day, which affects the increase in the quantity of this type of
waste. These types of masks are made of plastic elements and are difficult to
decompose naturally and they are resistant to liquids. Most of this waste does not
end up in sanitary but in ordinary landfills, but in rivers and seas. Another problem is
plastic bottles that contain various liquids for disinfecting the skin, then rubber gloves
and various medical waste that is not treated in the way that is necessary before the
final destruction. A majority of medical waste of all kinds ends up in the environment.
The social problem is activities that have direct contact with a large number of people,
but also activities that are in intensive contact with medical waste, those that collect
garbage and deal with cleaning. A completely new problem is the consequences of
social distance, which will only be felt, because it is already evident that social
distance negatively affects the mental health of the population.
As it was pointed out, the pandemic had positive consequences, but only on the
environment. They concern the reduction of pollution, less intensity of the energy
sector because the economy, transport, i.e. the entire industry, has reduced or
changed the way it works. Then, biodiversity recovered, the seas and oceans were
purified, GHG emissions were reduced, and even the Earth's cooling was observed in
the short term (April 2020). After a long time, a significant reduction in the amount of
nitrogen dioxide PM2.5 particles in the air was observed. The question is whether
these positive effects can be prolonged after the pandemic.
138
If the reduction of economic activity at the global level has had such positive
consequences for the environment, then it is necessary to establish forms of
economic production as soon as possible, which is characterized by a reduction in
the use of fossil fuels. The whole economy should be based on low-carbon
production. The economic channels through which COVID-19 affected with its domino
effect are in order: reduction of production and consumption of products and services,
shocks in the financial markets, decline in the real economy and imbalances in the
supply chain of consumers. This did not reflect well on foreign direct investment,
which recorded a declining trend compared to the previous year. All tertiary activities
are in an extremely difficult position. Special consequences are recorded in the
activities of tourism, passenger transport, restaurants and activities related to the
above.
To slow or stop this process, the governments of many countries have intervened.
Numerous documents have been adopted and regulations have been changed in
order to alleviate economic problems. During 2020, the governments of many
countries created monetary, fiscal and other financial measures and then adopted
accompanying policies to stop and mitigate the decline in economic activity
indicators.
Keywords: pandemic, COVID-19, economic crisis, environment, consequences.
IMPLIKACIJE COVID-19 NA GLOBALNE EKONOMSKE PERFORMANSE I

ŽIVOTNU SREDINU
Prof. Dr Olja Munitlak Ivanović1, Marko Vujić2

1Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Prirodno-matematički fakultet, Novi Sad, Srbija
2Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet političkih nauka, Beograd, Srbija
Globalno posmatrano, pandemiju COVID-19 su države sveta uglavnom dočekale

iznenađene i nespremne, mada je očiglednih signala da će se virus koji je potekao iz
Kine, raširiti planetom. Pitanje koje se postavlja je da li će život više ikad biti isti,
nakon što je 11. marta 2020. godine, Svetska zdravstvena organizacija proglasila
pandemiju. Sve nade su usmerene ka masovnoj imunizaciji i očekivanju da će
vakcine biti otporne i na nove sojeve virusa. COVID-19 ima sledeće karakteristike:
retkost u pojavljivanju, izuzetno velik uticaj i značaj, postoji mogućnost retrospektivne
predvidljivosti. U savremenoj literaturi se za ovakav fenomen kaže da je “Crni labud”.
Sva tri stuba koja čine suštinu održivog razvoja, a koja je kao koncept počela da gubi
na značaju, su pretrpela neku vrstu promene, a time je ovaj koncept koji insistira na
jednakoj važnosti ekonomije i ekologije dobio na značaju. Uticaj COVID-19 se ne
može posmatrati samo kao zdravstveni, ekonomski, finansijski ili društveni problem.
Njegovo delovanje kao i njegove posledice su interdisciplinarne.
139
Paradoks je što je životna sredina usled pandemije doživela pozitivne i negativne

posledice. Ako se radi o negativnim posledicama reč je o novim, dodatnim količinama
različitog otpada, koje do sada nije u tolikoj meri ugrožavalo životnu sredinu. Pre
svega radi se o maskama za svakodnevnu zaštitu stanovništva od širenja zaraze. Te
maske bi trebalo nekoliko puta dnevno da se menjaju, što utiče na porast količine ove
vrste otpada. Ove vrste maski su sačinjene od elemenata plastike te su teško
prirodno razgradive a i otporne su na tečnost. Većina ovog otpada ne završi na
sanitarnim nego na običnim deponijama, ali i u rekama i morima. Drugi problem jesu
plastične boce koje u sebi sadrže različite tečnosti za dezinfekciju kože, zatim
gumene rukavice i razni medicinski otpad koji se pre konačnog uništavanja ne tretira
na način koji je neophodan. Dobar deo medicinskog otpada svih vrsta na kraju završi
u životnoj sredini. Društveni problem su delatnosti koje imaju direktan kontakt sa
velikim brojem ljudi ali i delatnosti koje su u intenzivnom kontaktu sa medicinskim
otpadom, oni koji sakupljaju smeće i bave se čišćenjem. Sasvim novi problem su
posledice socijalne distance, koje će se tek osetiti, jer je već sad evidentno da
socijalna distanca negativno utiče na mentalno zdravlje stanovništva.
Kako je istaknuto, pandemija je imala i pozitivne posledice, ali samo na životnu
sredinu. One se tiču smanjenja zagađenja, manje intenzivnosti energetskog sektora
jer je ekonomija, transport odnosno cela industrija, smanjila ili promenila način rada.
Zatim, biodiverzitet se oporavio, mora i okeani su se pročistili, GHG emisije su
smanjene, čak je na kratak rok uočeno i zahlađenje Zemlje (aprila 2020. godine).
Posle dugog vremena uočena je značajna redukcija količine azot-dioksida PM2.5
čestica u vazduhu. Otvoreno je pitanje da li se ovi pozitivni efekti mogu produžiti i
nakon pandemije.
Ako je smanjenje ekonomske aktivnosti na globalnom nivou imalo ovakve pozitivne
posledice na životnu sredinu, onda je nužno što pre ustrojiti oblike ekonomske
proizvodnje koju karakteriše redukcija u upotrebi fosilnih goriva. Cela ekonomija treba
da se bazira na proizvodnji sa niskim emisijama ugljenika tzv. low-carbon economy.
Ekonomski kanali kojim je COVID-19 uticao svojim domino efektom su redom:
smanjenje proizvodnje i potrošnje proizvoda i usluga, šokovi na finansijskim tržištima,
pad nivoa realne ekonomije i disbalansi nastali u lancu snabdevanja potrošača. Ovo
se nije dobro odrazilo na strane direktne investicije koje beleže trend pada u odnosu
na prethodnu godinu. Sve tercijarne delatnosti su u izuzetno teškom položaju.
Posebne konsekvence beleže delatnost turizma, prevoza putnika, restoraterstvo i
delatnosti u vezi sa navedenim.
Kako bi se ovaj proces usporio ili zaustavio, vlade mnogih zemalja su intervenisale.
Doneti su mnogobrojni dokumenti i promenjena je regulativa sa ciljem da se ublaže
ekonomski problemi. U toku 2020. godine vlade mnogih zemalja su kreirale
monetarne, fiskalne i druge finansijske mere a zatim su donele i prateće politike kako
bi se zaustavio i ublažio pad pokazatelja ekonomskih aktivnosti.
Ključne reči: pandemija, COVID-19, ekonomska kriza, životna sredina, posledice.
140
Section 3
TOURISM AND SPORT
Sekcija 3
TURIZAM I SPORT
NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMICS ON

INTERNATIONAL TOURISM
University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Economics, Kragujevac, Serbia
At a global level, tourism is one of the fastest growing industries in the twenty-first century.
The development of tourism is mainly followed by overall economic and social progress, and
as a rule depends on numerous factors beyond its direct control. This especially refers to
international tourism, which shows great sensitivity to changes on the international market
and can be a result of economic and non-economic turbulences. In 2020, due to the COVID
19 pandemics, numerous limitations were imposed related to people’s mobility which led to
significant decline in international tourism.
This paper provides a review of effects of the COVID 19 pandemics in 2020 in comparison
to the previous period. The results of research show dramatic decrease of tourists’ mobility,
amounting 73.9% on a global level, which led to numerous negative effects of international
tourism on many national economies. The contribution of the paper includes suggestions for
decrease of such negative impacts on tourism of a country, which can be partly eliminated
by stimulating the development of domestic tourism.
Keywords: international tourism, COVID 19, economic development.
NEGATIVAN UTICAJ PANDEMIJE COVID-19 NA MEĐUNARODNI TURIZAM
Univerzitet u Kragujevcu, Ekonomski fakultet, Kragujevac, Srbija
Turizam predstavlja jednu od najbrže rastućih privrednih grana tokom XXI veka na
globalnom nivou. Razvoj turizma umnogome prati sveukupan ekonomski i društveni razvoj i
po pravilu zavisi od brojnih faktora koji su izvan njegove direktne kontrole. To se naročito
odnosi na međunarodni turizam, koji pokazuje veliku osetljivost na promene na
međunarodnom tržištu, koje mogu biti rezultat ekonomskih i neekonomskih turbulencija.
Tokom 2020.godine, usled pandemije COVID-19, u najvećem broju zemalja uvedena su
brojna ograničenja u pogledu kretanja ljudi, koja su dovela do značajnog pada
međunarodnog turizma.
U ovom radu je dat pregled efekata pandemije COVID-19 na rezultate međunarodnog
turizma u 2020.godini u odnosu na prethodni period. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju
dramatičan pad kretanja turista od 73,9% na globalnom nivou, što je dovelo do brojnih
negativnih efekata međunarodnog turizma po mnoge nacionalne ekonomije. Doprinos rada
se ogleda u pokušaju davanja konkretnih predloga za ublažavanje ovakvih negativnih
tendencija po turizam jedne zemlje, koji se može delimično otkloniti stimulisanjem razvoja
domaćeg turizma.
Ključne reči: međunarodni turizam, COVID-19, ekonomski razvoj.
143
ECOTOURISM AFTER THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: POSSIBLE

DEVELOPMENT DETERMINANTS
Goran Dašić1, Ana Anufrijev2, Dragan Milačić2

1College of Modern Business, Terazije 27, Belgrade, Serbia
2Business School of Vocational Studies "Čačak", Gradski park 2, Zemun, Serbia
The crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic can hardly be compared to any previous
crisis. The pandemic has changed the world we know overnight. The primary goal on a
global level has become the fight to preserve human life and health. The consequences
of that struggle were felt by the economy and the population around the world. Tourism
was no exception. At the very beginning of the pandemic, the United Nations World
Tourism Organization published an estimate that international tourism is expected to
have between 60 and 80% turnover in 2020 compared to 2019. Data from the
beginning of 2021 indicate that, unfortunately, they were right. All tourism sectors are
equally affected, including ecotourism. However, the movement restriction, ie travel, as
well as the reduction of economic activities have a positive effect on the conservation of
biodiversity and the reduction of pollution, which in the context of ecotourism can and
should be the backbone of its future development. The aggravating circumstance is that
we still do not know in what way this will end and what consequences it will have on
society. Making certain projections and plans for the post-covid period is still ungrateful,
but what can already be determined are certain principles on which the future
development of ecotourism would be based.
Keywords: Pandemic, COVID-19, eco-tourism, tourism, crisis.
144
ЕКОТУРИЗАМ ПОСЛЕ ПАНДЕМИЈЕ КОВИД-19: МОГУЋЕ

ДЕТЕРМИНАНТЕ РАЗВОЈА
Горан Дашић1, Ана Ануфријев2, Драган Милачић2

1Висока школа модерног бизниса, Теразије 27, Београд, Србија
2Висока пословна Школа струковних студија „Чачак“, Градски парк 2, Земун,
Србија
Kриза проузрокована пандемијом КОВИД-19 тешко да може да се упореди са

било којом претходном кризом. Пандемија је учинила да се свет који познајемо
преко ноћи промени. Примарни циљ на глобалном нивоу постала је борба за
очување живота и здравља људи. Последице те борбе осетили су и привреда и
становништво широм света. Изузетак није био ни туризам. На самом почетку
пандемије Светска туристичка организација Уједињених нација је објавила
процену да се у међународном туризму очекује оад промета у 2020. години
између 60 до 80% у односу на 2019. годину. Подаци са почетка 2021. године
указују да су, на жалост, били у праву. Сви туристички сектори су подједнако
погођени, а међу њима и еко туризам. Међутим, забрана кретања становништва,
односно путовања као и и смањење привредних активности позитивно утичу на
очување биодиверзитета и смањење загађења, што у контексту екотуризма може
и треба да представља окосницу његовог будућег развоја. Отежавајућа околност
је то што још увек не знамо на који начун ће се ово окончати и какве ће све
послеице остваити на друштво. Правити одређене пројекције и планове за
постковид период још увек је незахвално, али оно што се већ сада може утврдити
јесу одређени принципи на којима би се темељио будући развој екотуризма.
Kључне речи: Пандемија, КОВИД-19, екотуризам, туризам, криза.
145
VALORIZATION OF ECOTOURISM IN THE CONDITIONS OF

THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Singidunum University, Belgrade, Serbia
Tourism has had an extremely favorable growth trend in the past few decades, although it
has constantly faced crises that have affected its development. Since the beginning of the
21st century, tourism has been affected by several significant crises that have caused a
decline in tourism turnover and revenue in the global tourism market. The greatest negative
effects were achieved under the influence of the health crisis caused by the presence of the
SARS-CoV-2 virus and COVID-19 pandemic.
The COVID-19 pandemic can be seen as a health, environmental, economic and social
crisis and is directly related to the development of sustainable tourism and environmental
issues. After more than a year of a pandemic that has affected all aspects of our lives, the
question arises as to what travel will look like in the coming period?
The aim of this paper is to define, ie identify the socio-economic consequences caused by
the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus with special reference to the development and
expansion of ecotourism, i.e. can ecotourism as a paradigm of sustainable development
save tourism in the post-COVID era?
Keywords: ecotourism, COVID-19 pandemic, economic crisis, sustainable development.
VALORIZACIJA EKOTURIZMA U USLOVIMA

PANDEMIJE COVID-19
Univerzitet Singidunum, Beograd, Srbija
Turizam je u proteklih nekoliko decenija imao izuzetno povoljnu tendenciju rasta, iako se
neprekidno suočavao sa krizama koje su uticale na njegov razvoj. Od početka XXI veka,
turistička delatnost je bila pod uticajem nekoliko značajnih kriza koje su prouzrokovale pad
turističkog prometa i prihoda na svetskom turističkom tržištu. Najveći negativni efekti
ostvareni su pod uticaje zdravstvene krize izazvane prisustvom virusa SARS-CoV-2 i
COVID-19 pandemije.
Pandemija virusa COVID-19 može se posmatrati kao zdravstvena, ekološka, ekonomska i
socijalna kriza i direktno je povezana sa razvojem održivog turizma i pitanjima zaštite
životne sredine. Posle više od godinu dana pandemije koja je uticala na sve aspekte našeg
života, nameće se pitanje kako će izgledati putovanja u narednom periodu?
Cilj ovog rada jeste da se definišu, odnosno identifikuju društveno-ekonomske posledice
izazvane prisustvom virusa SARS-CoV-2 sa posebnim osvrtom na razvoj i ekspaniziju
ekoturizma, tj. da li ekoturizam kao paradigma održivog razvoja može spasiti turizam u post-
COVID eri?
Ključne reči: ekoturizam, pandemija COVID-19, ekonomska kriza, održivi razvoj.
146
THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON SUSTAINABLE

DEVELOPMENT OF RURAL TOURISM IN THE WEST SERBIA TOURIST
REGION
Marina Vesić1, Jelena Bolović2, Nikola Todorović1, Sanja Pavlović1

1University of Belgrade, Faculty of Geography, Belgrade, Serbia
2Tourist organization Požega, Požega, Serbia
Sustainable tourism is developed in accordance with social and economic principles,

with respect to the environment and cultures. The importance of local communities from
rural areas and their right for sustainable tourism development are well-established.
However, the COVID-19 pandemic caused a rapid decline of tourist movement and
uncertainty of recovery of the tourism economy. The research for this study was
conducted via survey questionnaire, which was distributed to hospitality objects in rural
areas of the West Serbia tourist region. In addition to the general information, the
questionnaire comprised a set of questions related to tourists and perspectives
perceived by the service providers. The research objectives are identification of the
current consequences of the pandemic and comparison of business of hospitality
objects in rural tourism before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, by taking into
consideration the principles of sustainability. The research results are expected to
indicate a growing role of domestic tourism during the pandemic, as well as the
perspectives of survival of certain hospitality objects. From the methodological
perspective, quantitative and qualitative presentation of the data will provide an insight
into the biggest and smallest challenges faced by the rural tourism in the studied area,
which will provide practical implications for the subjects within the tourist offer of this
part of Serbia.
Keywords: sustainability, rural tourism, COVID-19, West Serbia.
147
УТИЦАЈ ПАНДЕМИЈЕ COVID-19 НА ОДРЖИВИ РАЗВОЈ РУРАЛНОГ

ТУРИЗМА У ТУРИСТИЧКОЈ РЕГИЈИ ЗАПАДНА СРБИЈА
Марина Весић1, Јелена Боловић2, Никола Тодоровић1, Сања Павловић1

1Универзитет у Београду, Географски факултет, Београд, Србија
2Туристичка организација Пожега,Пожега, Србија
Одрживи туризам, остварен је у складу са друштвеним и привредним начелима,

уз уважавање окружења и култура. Евидентан је значај локалних заједница у
руралним срединама и њихово право на одрживи развој туризма. Међутим,
пандемија COVID-19 условила је рапидно смањење туристичких кретања и
неизвесност опоравка туристичке привреде. Истраживање за потребе овог рада
обављено је помоћу анкетног упитника, који је послат на адресе угоститељских
објеката у руралним срединама туристичке регије Западна Србија. Анкетни
упитник је осим општих информација, садржао сет питања која се односе на
туристе и перспективе сагледане са аспекта пружалаца услуга. Циљеви
истраживања су идентификација тренутних последица пандемије и упоређивање
пословања угоститељских објеката у руралном туризму пре и током пандемије
COVID-19, узимањем у обзир принципа одрживости. Очекује се да ће резултати
истраживања указати на јачање улоге домаћег туризма током периода пандемије,
али и на перспективе опстанка појединих угоститељских објеката.У
методолошком смислу,квантитативни и квалитативни приказ података,омогућиће
увид у најјаче и најслабије изазове са којима се рурални туризам у истраживаном
простору суочава, што ће представљати практичне импликације за носиоце
туристичке понуде овог краја Србије.
Кључне речи: одрживост, рурални туризам, COVID-19, Западна Србија.
148
ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC ATTITUDES ON ECOTOURISM AND PREDICTING

ITS FURTHER DEVELOPMENT AFTER THE PANDEMIC COVID-19
Dragan Milošević1, Dejan Ilić2, Jovanka Popović1

1Faculty of Management, Sremski Karlovci, University Union - Nikola Tesla, Belgrade, Serbia
2Faculty of Business Studies and Law, University Union - Nikola Tesla, Belgrade, Serbia
Ecotourism is based on acquiring positive experiences of tourists by staying in nature

destinations and getting to know the authenticity of local cultures, historical heritage and
customs. From this cooperation of tourists and the local community, everyone should
benefit with minimal negative impact on the local natural environment, biodiversity and
local population. The work explores public opinion's views on ecotourism. Knowledge of
tourists' attitudes is important to look at the level of knowledge of this segment of
tourism and the motives for tourists going on such trips. Motifs for eco-tourist travel are
important information that can be used in advertising to attract tourists. According to the
survey, more than half of respondents heard about environmental tourism. Half of
respondents believe the most significant effect of ecotourism is the preservation of
nature and biodiversity. As the most significant negative impact of ecotourism,
respondents cited pressure on local infrastructure. After introducing the principles of
ecotourism, 97.1% of respondents said it was a positive concept that achieves more
positive than negative effects. As the main motive for future travel, respondents said it
was to gain new experiences. Ecotourism as one segment of the tourism industry
grows slightly year after year until the emergence of the Covid pandemic. With the
emergence of a pandemic, the world's tourism market has declined by up to 78%. This
decline will lead to radical structural changes and a period of time it takes for the
tourism industry to recover. After the pandemic ends, due to the importance of
ecotourism for human health, it is expected to make a full recovery and growth.
Keywords: ecotourism, global trends in tourism, sustainable tourism, green tourism,

public opinion, the Covid-19 pandemic.
149
ANALIZA STAVOVA JAVNOSTI O EKOTURIZMU I PREDIKCIJA

NJEGOVOG DALJEG RAZVOJA NAKON PANDEMIJE COVID-19
Dragan Milošević1, Dejan Ilić2, Jovanka Popović1

1Fakultet za menadžment, Sremski Karlovci, Univerzitet Union - Nikola Tesla, Beograd, Srbija
2Fakultet za poslovne studije i pravo, Univerzitet Union - Nikola Tesla, Beograd, Srbija
Ekoturizam se zasniva na sticanju pozitivnih iskustava turista boravkom na

destinacijama u prirodi i upoznavanjem sa autentičnostima lokalnih kultura, istorijskim
nasleđem i običajima. Od ove saradnje turista i lokalne zajednice treba da svi ostvare
koristi sa minimalnim negativnim uticajem na lokalnu prirodno okruženje, bio-diverzitet i
lokalno stanovništvo. U radu se istražuju stavovi javnog mnjenja o ekoturizmu.
Poznavanje stavova turista je značajno da se sagleda nivo poznavanja ovog segmenta
turizma i motivi odlaska turista na ovakva putovanja. Motivi za ekoturistička putovanja
je značajna informacija koja se može iskoristiti u oglašavanju za privlačenju turista.
Prema sprovedenom istraživanju više od pola ispitanika je čula za ekološki turizam.
Polovina ispitanika veruje da je najznačajniji efekat ekoturizma očuvanje prirode i bio-
diverziteta. Kao najznačajniji negativan uticaj koji ostvaruje ekoturizam ispitanici su
naveli da je pritisak na lokalnu infrastrukturu. Nakon upoznavanja sa principima
ekoturizma 97,1% ispitanika je navelo da je to pozitivan koncept koji ostvaruje više
pozitivnih nego negativnih efekata. Kao glavni motiv za buduća putovanja ispitanici su
naveli da je to sticanje novih iskustava. Ekoturizam kao jedan segment turističke
industrije iz godine u godinu beleži blagi rast do pojave pandemije Covid-a 19. sa
pojavom pandemije turističko tržište u svetu beleži pad do 78%. Ovaj pad će dovesti
sprovođenja radikalnih strukturnih promena i određeni vremenski period potreban da se
turistička industrija oporavi. Nakon prestanka pandemije, zbog značaja koji ima
ekoturizam za zdravlje ljudi, očekuje se njegov potpuni oporavak i rast.
Ključne reči: ekoturizam, globalni trendovi u turizmu, održivi turizam, zeleni turizam,
javno mnjenje, pandemija COVID-19.
150
ECOTOURISM OF THE SPECIAL NATURE RESERVE "DELIBLATSKA

PEŠČARA" IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Snežana Štetić1, Igor Trišić1, Igor Gvozden2

1Balkan Network of Tourism Experts, Serbia Belgrade
2Catering and Tourism School, Serbia, Belgrade
As potentially significant factors of ecotourism development of the Special Nature

Reserve "Deliblatska Peščara" are endemic flora and fauna, diverse ecosystem,
Ramsar habitats, legal legislation regulating protection, the rich socio-cultural heritage
of the local community, the existence of protection zones within the area and other
factors. Deliblato sands are characterized by a very rare dune relief, which is
characteristic only for this protected area. Sand, which is a significant component of the
soil here, has influenced the development of special flora and fauna, some of which are
endemic and cannot be found in other protected natural areas. In addition to natural,
very important factors for the development of ecotourism are socio-cultural values.
There are numerous settlements in the reserve that have a significant cultural,
monumental and archaeological heritage. The research aims is to determine, with the
help of quantitative methodology, whether and to what extent the conditions of the
pandemic have affected the needs of tourists for ecotourism and nature trips. The
results of the research by examining tourists who visited this protected natural area,
indicate a significant impact of the pandemic caused by COVID 19 on the development
of ecotourism in the Special Nature Reserve "Deliblatska Peščara".
Keywords: ecotourism, Special Nature Reserve "Deliblatska Peščara", Deliblato sands,
endemic flora and fauna, Covid-19 pandemic.
151
ЕКОТУРИЗАМ СПЕЦИЈАЛНОГ РЕЗЕРВАТА ПРИРОДЕ „ДЕЛИБЛАТСКА

ПЕШЧАРА“ У УСЛОВИМА ПАНДЕМИЈЕ COVID-19
Снежана Штетић1, Игор Тришић1, Игор Гвозден2

1Balkan Network of Tourism Experts, Србија, Београд
2Угоститељско туристичка школа, Србија, Београд
Потенцијално значајни фактори развоја екотуризма у Специјалном резервату

природе „Делиблатска пешчара“ јесу: ендемична флора и фауна, разноврстан
екосистем, постојање рамсарских станишта, постојање законске легислативе која
регулише заштиту, богата социо-културна баштина локалног становништва,
постојање зона заштите унутар подручја и други фактори. Делиблатску пешчару
карактерише врло редак дински рељеф, који је својствен само овом заштићеном
подручју. Песак који је овде у значајној мери састојак тла, утицао је на развој
посебне флоре и фауне, од којих су поједине врсте ендемити и не могу се
пронаћи у другим заштићеним подручјима. Поред природних врло значајни
фактори за развој екотуризма јесу друштвене вредности. На простору резервата
постоје бројна насеља која располажу значајним културним, споменичким и
археолошким наслеђем. Циљ истраживања је да се уз помоћ квантитативне
методологије утврди да ли су и у којој мери услови пандемије утицали на потребе
туриста за екотуризмом и путовањима у природу. Резултати истраживања
испитивања туриста који су посетили ово заштићено природно подручје, указују
на значајни утицај пандемије условљене COVID-19 на развој екотуризма у
Специјалном резервату природе „Делиблатска пешчара“.
Кључне речи: екотуризам, Специјални резерват природе „Делиблатска пешчара“,
ендемска флора и фауна, пандемија COVID-19.
152
DEVELOPING ECOTOURISM IN A TIME OF PANDEMIC:

THE CASE OF THE ZLATIBOR MOUNTAIN (SERBIA)
Sanja Božović1, Kristina Košić2, Danijela Vukoičić1

1Universityof Prishtina with temporary headquarters in Kosovska Mitrovica, Faculty of
Science, Str. Lole Ribara 29, 38220 Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
2University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Science, Department of Geography, Tourism and
Hospitality, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
The COVID-19 outbreak has impacted the modern society in numerous ways, having
dramatic, far-reaching effects on people’s lives, and economies. Tourism is one of the
most affected sectors, experiencing the greatest impacts of the pandemic. However,
we need to analyse the extent of these impacts, the measures the Government has
taken to lessen these impacts, as well as the ways to overcome the effects of the
pandemic, and recover from the current crisis. Moreover, in order to strengthen the
sustainability and resilience of the tourism sector, two research questions should be
addressed. The first refers to key factors which could make the sector elastic enough
to bounce back after the COVID-19 crisis, and the second one refers to the ways the
tourism sector could use this crisis as an opportunity to take a more sustainable form.
This study discusses the impacts of COVID-19 on tourism in the Zlatibor mountain
area in Serbia. In addition, the study observes the effects of the Government
initiatives and incentives created to promote the domestic tourism (ecotourism), and
mitigate the impact of the pandemic. The purpose of the study is to analyse the
current situation of ecotourism in Serbia and gain a better insight into this this type of
tourism, so as to provide the findings for its further recovery.
Keywords: pandemic, COVID-19, tourism, ecotourism, Zlatibor, Serbia.
153
RAZVOJ EKOTURIZMA U USLOVIMA PANDEMIJE:

SLUČAJ PLANINE ZLATIBOR U SRBIJI
Sanja Božović1, Kristina Košić2, Danijela Vukoičić1

1Univerzitetu Prištini sa privremenim sedištem u Kosovskoj Mitrovici, Prirodno-
matematički fakultet, Ul. Lole Ribara 29, 38220 Kosovska Mitrovica, Srbija
2Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Prirodno-matematički fakultet, Departman za geografiju,
turizam i hotelijerstvo, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Srbija
Izbijanje COVID-19 je jedna od najuticajnijih i najtragičnijih pandemija modernog

doba po život stanovništva i njihovih ekoniomija. Turizam je jedan od sektora koji se
suočava sa najvećim posledicama. Međutim, moramo analizirati dubinu tih posledica,
mere koje je Vlada preduzela za umanjenje posledica i način za oporavak i
prevazilaženje posledica. U cilju otpornosti i održivosti turističkog sektora nameću se
sledeća istraživačka pitanja. Prvo, koji faktori mogu doprineti da sektor turizma
postane dovoljno elastičan da se vrati na put posle COVID-19 i drugo, kako sektor
turizma može iskoristiti ovu krizu kao priliku da poprimi održiviji oblik. Ova studija bavi
se sagledavanjem posledica COVID-19 na turizam u planinskom delu Srbije, na
Zlatiboru, kao i kako je promocija i podsticaj domaćeg turizma (ekoturizma) od strane
Vlade uticala na ublažavanje posledica. Cilj studije je da se na osnovu analiza
dosadašnjeg stanja izvedu zaključci koji će pratiti dalji tok oporavka ekoturizma u
Srbiji.
Ključne reči: pandemija, COVID-19, turizam, ekoturizam, Zlatibor, Srbija.
154
DEVELOPMENT OF ECOTOURISM DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC:

CASE STUDY OF PALIĆKO LAKE
Ass. prof. dr Bojana Ostojić, Ass. prof. dr Filip Jovanović,

Ass. prof. dr Milutin Pećić
Educons University, Faculty of Project and Innovation Management, PMC, Belgrade,

Serbia
In the recent past, there have been many initiatives that prevent the negative
consequences of tourism on the environment. Mass, which is the basic characteristic
of tourism, inevitably has a certain impact on economic, socio-cultural and natural
resources. In this sense, there has been the emergence of ecotourism, a selective
form of tourism based on natural values, focused on the learning experience,
ecological and socio-cultural sustainable development. The basic idea of sustainable
tourism development is to properly start the development of an economy that is not
harmful to the environment and is socially acceptable. Nowadays, marked by the
Covid-19 virus pandemic, tourism generally faces many challenges, and one of them
is the development of ecotourism. Namely, what characterizes tourism in the previous
year is the fact that the number of domestic tourists has significantly increased in
localities throughout the Republic of Serbia, since travel to other countries is
significantly limited. The sudden increase of tourists leads to the devastation of
certain resources, which does not fulfill the basic postulates of ecotourism. The aim of
this paper is to show how it is possible to develop ecotourism in the era of the Covid-
19 pandemic through the example of good practice. The case study of Lake Palić will
provide an insight into possible solutions to this problem.
Keywords: ecotourism, pandemic, Covid-19, Lake Palić.
155
RAZVOJ EKOTURIZMA U VREME PANDEMIJE COVID-19:

STUDIJA SLUČAJA PALIĆKO JEZERO
Doc. dr Bojana Ostojić, Doc. dr Filip Jovanović, Doc. dr Milutin Pećić
Univerzitet „Educons“, Fakultet za projektni i inovacioni menadžment PMC, Beograd,

Srbija
U nedavnoj prošlosti bilo je mnogo inicijativa koje sprečavaju negativne posledice

turizma na životnu sredinu. Masovnost, koja je osnovna karakteristika turizma,
neizbežno ima određeni uticaj na ekonomske, socio-kulturne i prirodne resurse. U
tom smislu, došlo je do pojave ekoturizma, selektivnog oblika turizma zasnovanog na
prirodnim vrednostima, usredsređenog na iskustvo učenja, ekološki i socio-kulturni
održivi razvoj. Osnovna ideja održivog razvoja turizma je pravilno pokretanje razvoja
ekonomije koja nije štetna za životnu sredinu i društveno je prihvatljiva. Danas se,
obeležen pandemijom virusa Covid-19, turizam generalno suočava s mnogim
izazovima, a jedan od njih je razvoj ekoturizma. Naime, ono što karakteriše turizam u
prethodnoj godini je činjenica da se broj domaćih turista značajno povećao na
lokalitetima širom Republike Srbije, budući da su putovanja u druge zemlje znatno
ograničena. Nagli porast turista dovodi do devastacije određenih resursa, što ne
ispunjava osnovne postulate ekoturizma. Cilj ovog rada je da na primeru dobre
prakse pokaže kako je moguće razviti ekoturizam u eri pandemije Covid-19. Studija
slučaja Palićkog jezera pružiće uvid u moguća rešenja ovog problema.
Ključne reči: ekoturizam, pandemija, Covid-19, jezero Palić.
156
ROLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS IN WELLNESS DURING THE

COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Faculty of Management, Njegoševa 1a, Sremski Karlovci,
University Union - Nikola Tesla, Belgrade, Serbia
Wellness can be defined as engaging in activities, choices and lifestyles that lead to general
health. General health has its six dimensions: physical, mental, social, emotional, spiritual
health and natural environment. Continuous efforts are made to develop and maintain all
dimensions of general health. The work aims to explore the role of environmental factors in
wellness following the COVID-19 pandemic. Through the analysis of literature, the results of
the research were obtained. As many as 80% of the causes of our chronic diseases come
from our environment. The environment that affects our health consists of a natural, health
system and socio-economic system through the way we lead. The remaining 20% of factors
depend on genetic factors. They can also be initiated by the impact of environmental factors
and lead to the emergence of chronic diseases that our ancestors did not have. By making
healthy decisions, we can greatly influence the reduction of chronic and mental illnesses.
Measures to contain the COVID-19 pandemic have affected our living space to the level of
housing. Wellness needs to find answers and preserve our health in preparation for the
restoration of life after the end of the pandemic.
Keywords: wellness, general health, COVID-19 pandemic, environmental factors, lifestyle.
ULOGA FAKTORA OKRUŽENJA U WELLNESS-U TOKOM PANDEMIJE

COVID-19
Fakultet za menadžment, Njegoševa 1a, Sremski Karlovci,
Univerzitet Union - Nikola Tesla, Beograd, Srbija
Wellnes možemo definisati kao bavljenje aktivnostima, izborima i načinom života koji
dovode do opšteg zdravlja. Opšte zdravlje ima svojih šest dimenzija: fizičko, mentalno,
socijalno, emocionalno, duhovno zdravlje i prirodno okruženje. Ostvaruje se kontinuiranim
naporima da se razvijaju i održavaju sve dimenzije opšteg zdravlja. Cilj rada je da se istraže
uloge ekoloških faktora u wellnes-u posle pandemije Covid-19. Kroz analizu literature
dobijeni su rezultati istraživanja. Čak 80% uzroka naših hroničnih bolesti dolazi iz naše
okoline. Okruženje koje utiče na naše zdravlje sastoji se od prirodnog, zdravstvenog sistema
i socio-ekonomskog sistema kroz način života koji vodimo. Preostalih 20% faktora zavise od
genetskih faktora. Oni takođe mogu biti inicirani negativnim uticajem faktora okoline i dovesti
do pojave hroničnih bolesti koje naši preci nisu imali. Donošenjem zdravih odluka možemo u
velikoj meri da utičemo na smanjenje hroničnih i mentalnih bolesti. Mere za suzbijanje
pandemije Covid-19 uticale su na to da se naš životni prostor svede na nivo stambenog
prostora. Wellness treba da pronađe odgovore i sačuva naše zdravlje radi pripreme se za
obnovu života po završetku pandemije.
Ključne reči: wellness, opšte zdravlje, Covid 19 pandemija, faktori okruženja, životni stil.
157
THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE SUSTAINABILITY

OF SPORTS TOURISM DEVELOPMENT AS AN ECONOMIC BRANCH
Sandra Đurović1, Aleksandra Perović2, Violeta Šiljak3,

Sonja Antonijević4, Jovan Veselinović 2, Srećko Baćevac2
1Facultyof Business Economics and Law, Adriatic University, Bar, Montenegro
2Alfa
BK University, Faculty of Sports Management, Belgrade, Serbia
3European Center for Peace and Development, UN University for Peace, Belgrade,
Serbia
4Faculty of Sports and Physical Education Leposavić, University of Pristina, Serbia
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, sports, sports events and consequently sports
tourism were stopped for the first time in the history of mankind in the way we have
known it until today. Due to the risk of infection, social distancing was introduced in
order to protect society and reduce the infection rate, so that sports events are held
without spectators in the arenas. The spread of the COVID-19 pandemic has led to
urgent mobilization at the national, regional and international levels with drastic
measures, including quarantine and restricted movement measures, as well as the
closure of borders. Maintaining social distance can hardly be maintained while
watching or playing sports, as most sports involve contact and travel.
Sports tourism as a multi-billion-dollar industry has been hit hard. Most sporting
events were canceled or postponed during the peak of the pandemic due to
measures to combat COVID-19 around the world, such as travel bans and airport
closures. Many sports organizations went bankrupt and were left in financial trouble.
Some athletes have lost their source of income. The lack of spectators at sports
competitions has also affected some sporting events affected by the current
pandemic situation, such as the postponed Tokyo Olympics, football league matches,
golf, cricket, marathons, rugby and tennis. The management of the tourism sector, as
well as the Organizing Committee of the Olympic Games, with the application of
recommended security measures, is trying to find a solution for their maintenance,
bearing in mind that a huge amount of money was invested in Tokyo for the Olympic
Games minimizing losses.
Covid-19 has imposed a situation where it is necessary to consider and establish
future alternative intervention measures for similar pandemics and other disasters in
all areas, including sports tourism. Although the application of extraordinary security
measures is in force in a large number of countries, including Serbia, sports tourism
is realizing its full potential in the segment of mountain tourism, because it is obvious
that only sports activities in nature are considered safer for an individual's health. The
perspective of sustainable development of sports tourism should most likely be
sought in the potentials of sports tourism in nature in the desire to represent a
solution to the economic crisis of tourism itself.
Keywords: sport, sporting event, sport tourism, COVID-19, sustainable development.
158
UTICAJ PANDEMIJE COVID-19 NA ODRŽIVOST RAZVOJA SPORTSKOG

TURIZMA KAO PRIVREDNE GRANE
Sandra Đurović1, Aleksandra Perović2, Violeta Šiljak3,

Sonja Antonijević4, Jovan Veselinović 2, Srećko Baćevac2
1Fakultet za poslovnu ekonomiju i pravo, Univerzitet Adriatik, Bar, Crna Gora
2AlfaBK Univerzitet, Fakultet za menadžment u sportu, Beograd, Srbija
3Evropski centar za mir i razvoj Univerziteta za mir UN, Beograd, Srbija
4Fakultet sporta i fizičkog vaspitanja Leposavić, Univerzitet u Prištini, Srbija
Sport, sportski događaji i posledično sportski turizam su zbog pandemije COVID -19
po prvi put u istoriji čovečanstva zaustavljeni na način kako smo ga poznavali do
danas. Zbog rizika od infekcije uvedeno je socijalno distanciranje radi zaštite društva i
smanjenja stope zaraze, tako da se sportski događaji održavaju bez gledaoca u
arenama. Širenje pandemije COVID-19 je dovela do hitne mobilizacije na
nacionalnom, regionalnom i međunarodnom nivou sa drastičnim merama, uključujući
mere karantina i ograničenog kretanja, kao i zatvaranje granica. Držanje socijalne
distance se teško može održati tokom gledanja ili bavljenja sportom, jer većina
sportskih grana podrazumeva kontakt i putovanja.
Sportski turizam kao privredna grana vredna više milijardi dolara teško je pogođena.
Većina sportskih događaja otkazana je ili odložena tokom vrhunca pandemije zbog
mera suzbijanja COVID -19 širom sveta, kao što su zabrane putovanja i zatvaranje
aerodroma. Mnoge sportske organizacije su bankrotirale i prepuštena finansijskoj
nevolji. Pojedini sportisti su izgubili izvor prihoda. Nedostatak publike na sportskim
nadmetanjima je takođe uticao da su pojedini sportski događaji pogođeni aktuelnom
pandemijskom situacijom, poput odloženih Olimpijskih igara u Tokiu, mečeva
fudbalske lige, golfa, kriketa, maratona, ragbija i tenisa. Menadžment turističkog
sektora, kao i Organizacionog odbora Olimpijskih igara, uz primenu preporučenih
bezbedonosnih mera, pokušava da iznađe rešenje za njihovo održavanje imajući u
vidu da je u Tokio uložen ogroman novac u svrhu održavanja Olimpijskih igara, kako
bi se povratio deo uloženog novca, odnosno smanjili gubici.
COVID-19 je nametnuo situaciju gde je neophodno da se razmotre i uspostave
buduće alternativne mere intervencije za slične pandemije i druge katastrofe u svim
oblastima, pa tako i u oblasti sportskog turizma. Iako je u velikom broju država, pa i u
Srbiji na snazi primena vanrednih bezbedonosnih mera, sportski turizam svoj puni
potencijal ostvaruje u segmentu planinskog turizma, jer očigledno je da se jedino
sportske aktivnosti u prirodi smatraju bezbednijim po zdravlje pojedinca. Perspektivu
održivog razvoja sportskog turizma najverovatnije treba tražiti u potencijalima
sportskog turizma u prirodi u želji da predstavljaju rešenje za ekonomsku krizu samog
turizma.
Ključne reči: sport, sportski događaj, sportski turizam, COVID-19, održivi razvoj.
159
COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES, COVID 19 AND CORE-

COMPETENCE OF THE TOURISM ENTERPRISES
Jelena Premović1, Slavoljub Vujović1, Dijana Jovanović2

1Institute of Economics, Belgrade, Serbia
2College Dositej, Belgrade, Serbia
Having in mind the growing importance and role that ICT have in improving the
quality of the tourist offer, it is very important that employees in the tourism industry
constantly monitor the trends of change in this area and to continuously train and
improve in this technological sphere.
The aim of research is to point out the importance and possibilities of applying
information and communication technologies (ICT) in tourism enterprises as a factor
in improving quality the tourist offer.
Keywords: information and communication technologies, tourism offer, enterprises,

human resources.
This paper is part of a research project of the MPNTR RS, no. 046001.
KOMUNIKACIONE TEHNOLOGIJE, COVID 19 I OSNOVNA

KOMPETENCIJA TURISTIČKIH PREDUZEĆA
Jelena Premovic1, Slavoljub Vujović1, Dijana Jovanović2

1Ekonomski institut, Beograd, Srbija
2Visoka škola Dositej, Beograd, Srbija
Imajući u vidu sve veći značaj i ulogu koju IKT imaju u poboljšanju kvaliteta turističke
ponude, veoma je važno da zaposleni u turističkoj industriji neprestano prate
trendove promena u ovoj oblasti i da kontinuirano treniraju i usavršavaju se u ovoj
tehnološkoj sferi.
Cilj istraživanja je da se ukaže na značaj i mogućnosti primene informaciono-
komunikacionih tehnologija (IKT) u turističkim preduzećima kao faktora za
poboljšanje kvaliteta turističke ponude.
Ključne reči: informacione i komunikacione tehnologije, turistička ponuda, preduzeća,

ljudski resursi.
Ovaj rad je deo istraživačkog projekta MPNTR RS, no. 046001.
160
GREEN ECONOMY IN ICELAND: AN ENGINE FOR TOURISM

DEVELOPMENT

Faculty of Applied Management, Economics and Finance, Jevrejska 24, Belgrade,
Serbia
The paper analyses the concept of green economy in the case of Iceland, as well as
its importance for the development of tourism sector in this country. Over the past few
years, researchers have been keeping a close eye on the determinants that have
driven the rapid development of tourism in Iceland, with a growth rate that was the
highest in Europe in 2017. Many studies have shown that the main motive for
international tourists to visit Iceland were the nature and the landscape, which speaks
in favour of the great importance of nature-based tourism. In order to demonstrate its
significance, the paper analyses the tourism contribution to Icelandic economy and
presents recent findings about its effects on country’s employment and other
industries.
Keywords: green economy, Icelandic tourism, nature – based tourism, wildlife

watching tourism.
ZELENA EKONOMIJA NA ISLANDU: MOTOR ZA RAZVOJ TURIZMA

Fakultet za primenjeni menadžment ekonomiju i finansije, Jevrejska 24, Beograd, Srbija
U radu se analizira koncept zelene ekonomije u slučaju Islanda, kao i njegov značaj
za razvoj turističkog sektora u ovoj zemlji. Tokom poslednjih nekoliko godina,
istraživači su pažljivo pratili determinante koje su pokretale brzi razvoj turizma na
Islandu, sa stopom rasta koja je bila najviša u Evropi u 2017. Mnoga istraživanja su
pokazala da su glavni motivi za međunarodne turiste koji su posetili Island bil priroda i
pejzaž, što govori u prilog velikog značaju turizma baziranog na prirodi. Da bi se
demonstrirao značaj turizma, rad analizira njegov doprinos islandskoj ekonomiji i
predstavlja nedavna saznanja o efektima turizma na zapošljavanje u zemlji i na druge
industrije.
Ključne reči: zelena ekonomija, islandski turizam, turizam zasnovan na prirodi,

turizam posmatranja divljih životinja.
161
RAILWAY TRANSPORTATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF ECOTOURISM

IN REPUBLIC OF SERBIA
Aleksandra Vuković1, Milovan Vuković2, Snežana Urošević2, Dejan Riznić2

The increase in ecotourism popularity at a global level, during the last several decades, one
can attribute to the increased human concern for the environment; in particular, the state of
natural resources. This type of thematic tourism has become more important in tourist
industry world-wide. It has been known, for a long time, that rail is the most appropriate type
of transportation in terms of enevironmental protection, and, it can significantly contribute to
the development of ecotourism in vast rural and borderlands. For developing countries, like
Serbia, ecotourism is an opportunity for accelerating economic development of rural areas
without disturbance in their original enevironment. The aim of this paper is to assess current
conditions and formulate measures to faster development of ecotourism in Eastern Serbia,
based on larger share of rail in tourist travels to destinations in this area. It is shown, based
on conducted analysis, that the revival of rail transportation could allow a better use of
natural, cultural and histroical potential for faster development of ecotourism in this area.
Keywords: ecotourism, railway tourism, Eastern Serbia, natural values, rail infrastructure
revitalization.
ŽELEZNIČKI SAOBRAĆAJ I RAZVOJ EKOTURIZMA U REPUBLICI

SRBIJI
Aleksandra Vuković1, Milovan Vuković2, Snežana Urošević2, Dejan Riznić2

Rast popularnosti ekoturizma na globalnom planu, tokom minulih nekoliko decenija, može
se pripisati većoj zabrinutosti ljudi za stanje životne sredine; posebno sa stanovišta zaštite
prirodnih resursa. Ovaj vid tematskog turizma postaje sve značajniji u turističkoj industriji
širom sveta. Poznato je da železnica, s druge strane, najpogodnije sredstvo prevoza sa
stanovišta zaštite životne sredine, te da može značajno doprineti razvoju turizma u
prostranim ruralnim i pograničnim krajevima. Za zemlje u razvoju, poput Srbije, ekoturizam
je mogućnost za ubrzanje razvoja ovakvih oblasti bez poremećaja u životnoj sredini. Cilj
istraživanja u ovom radu je procena postojećeg stanja i iznalaženje mera za razvoj
ekoturizma u istočnoj Srbiji, zasnovanom na većem učešću železnice u kretanjima turista
prema turističkim destinacijama u ovoj oblasti. Na osnovu izložene analize je pokazano da bi
ponovno uspostavljanje železničkog saobraćaja moglo omogućiti bolje iskorišćenje prirodnih
i kulturno-istorijskih potencijala u razvoju ekoturizma u ovoj oblasti.
Ključne reči: ekoturizam, železnički prevoz, istočna Srbija, prirodne vrednosti, revitalizacija
železničke infrastrukture.
162
TOURIST DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF MARKETING IN

ORDER TO IMPROVE THE TOURIST POTENTIAL OF THE STARA
PLANINA
Milan Novović1, Marija Bešlin Feruh1, Svetlana Tasić2

1Higher Business School of Proffesional Studies Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
2Faculty of Management, Union - Nikola Tesla University, Sremski Karlovci, Serbia
Modern, demanding touristic trends indicate that more and more people are turning to a
healthy lifestyle and returning to nature. This fact represents a significant development
opportunity for unutilized potential of rural areas of Serbia. Stara Planina, as an area like
this, has ascending evolving trend in tourism in recent years. This is supported by data on
the growth of tourist traffic and state capital investments in this area. Having in mind rural
tourism potential, there is a great possibility for development in this area, especially today,
during the global pandemic, when the demand for healthy and preserved natural
environments is constantly increasing. In order to Stara Planina become recognizable as a
healthy tourism destination, it is necessary to emphasize the significance of its rural tourist
potential. Consequently, the article points out the possibilities of exploiting the natural
potential of Stara Planina, as well as the importance of applying marketing activities in order
to improve the tourist potential of this area.
Keywords: tourism, marketing, , development, pandemic, Stara planina, Serbia.
TURISTIČKI RAZVOJ I PRIMENA MARKETINGA U CILJU

UNAPREĐENJA TURISTIČKOG POTENCIJALA STARE PLANINE
Milan Novović1, Marija Bešlin Feruh1, Svetlana Tasić2

1Visoka poslovna škola strukovnih studija Beograd, Beograd, Srbija
2Fakultet za menadžment, Univerzitet Union-Nikola Tesla, Sremski Karlovci, Srbija
Savremeni trendovi turističke tražnje ukazuju da se sve više ljudi okreće zdravom načinu
života i povratku prirodi. Ta činjenica predstavlja značajnu razvojnu šansu za neiskorišćene
potencijale u ruralnim područjima Srbije. Stara planina, kao jedno takvo područje, nalazi se
poslednjih godina na uzlaznoj liniji turističkog razvoja. U prilog tome govore podaci o porastu
turističkog prometa i kapitalnim ulaganjima države na ovom prostoru. Imajući u vidu izvorne
turističke potencijale, mogućnosti za razvoj turizma na ovom području su velike, što posebno
dolazi do izražaja danas, u vreme svetske pandemije, kada se konstantno povećava tražnja
za zdravim i očuvanim prirodnim sredinama. Da bi Stara planina postala prepoznatljiva kao
zdrava turistička destinacija neophodno je posebno istaći značaj njenog izvornog turističkog
potencijala. Shodno tome, u radu se ukazuje na mogućnosti iskorišćavanja prirodnih
potencijala Stare planine, kao i na značaj primene marketing aktivnosti u cilju unapređenja
turističkog potencijala ovog područja.
Ključne reči: turizam, marketing, razvoj, pandemija, Stara planina, Srbija
163
POSITIVE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON ENVIRONMENT DUE TO THE

REDUCTION OF TOURIST MOVEMENT

Union University, Faculty of Business Studies and Law, Belgrade, Serbia
Due to a significant drop in tourist demand, limited movement of people, closing the borders
of many states, airlines began to cancel and reduce the number of flights, and the frequency
of land traffic is also significantly reduced. The closure of hotels, travel agencies, and catering
facilities has caused great economic damage to cities, countries and companies around the
world, from which the recovery process will be extremely long. However, a comparative
analysis of studies and reports during the period of COVID-19, in the period from February to
June 2020, the positive impact of the pandemic on the environment and sustainable
development has been noticed. In countries such as China, Italy, Serbia, the improvement
and quality of the air is dominant, as well as water, flora and fauna, that are recovering from
pollution. The quantities of waste, excessive hunting and fishing, and disturbance of nature’s
harmony have been reduced.
The crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic is an opportunity for critical reflection in terms
of the positive impact that the pandemic has had on the preservation of the environment,
which is one of the main tasks of sustainable development.
Keywords: COVID-19, environment, pandemic, positive effects, travel.
POZITIVAN UTICAJ COVID-19 NA ŽIVOTNU SREDINU USLED

SMANJENJA TURISTIČKIH KRETANJA
Univerzitet Union, Fakultet za poslovne studije i pravo, Beograd
Usled velikog pada turističke tražnje, ograničenog kretanja ljudi, zatvaranja granica mnogih
država, aviokompanije su počele da ukidaju i smanjuju broj letova, a takođe je i frekvencija
kopnenog saobraćaja značajno smanjena. Zatvaranje hotela, turističkih agencija i
ugostiteljskih objekata donelo je veliku ekonomsku štetu gradovima, zemljama i kompanijama
širom sveta, od koje će proces oporavka biti izuzetno dug. Međutim, uporednom analizom
studija i izveštaja tokom perioda COVID-19, u periodu od februara do juna 2020. godine,
primećen je pozitivan uticaj pandemije na životnu sredinu i održivi razvoj. U zemljama poput
Kine, Italije, Srbije evidentno je poboljšanje kvaliteta vazduha, vode, očuvanosti flore i faune
koje se oporavljaju od zagađenja. Smanjene su količine otpada, prekomerni lov i ribolov i
narušavanje harmonije u prirodnim sistemima.
Kriza izazvana pandemijom COVID-19 prilika je za kritičko promišljanje u smislu pozitivnog
uticaja koji je pandemija imala na očuvanje životne sredine, što je jedan od glavnih zadataka
održivog razvoja.
Ključne reči: COVID-19, životna sredina, pandemija, pozitivni efekti, putovanja.
164
ORGANIC GASTRONOMIC PRODUCTS AS A DRIVER OF ECOTOURISM

DEVELOPMENT IN A PANDEMIC

University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Hospitality and Tourism, Vrnjačka Banja, Serbia
It is in the nature of every human to consume the food that nature has given him in
the immediate environment. Organically produced food represents an exceptional
potential for the development of various specific forms of tourism, especially
ecotourism. Modern tourists who have developed awareness of the ecological
environment are less and less willing to consume food that is not produced in a
health-safe way. If we look at the different effects of the pandemic on the entire
population, it can be clearly concluded how important the health of each individual is,
which can be preserved or enhanced by consuming quality and safe food. The aim of
this paper is to point on the improvement and mass production and representation of
organic gastronomic products in the development of ecotourism, which represent a
significant potential in both the agricultural and tourism sectors.
Keywords: organic food, gastronomic products, ecotourism, pandemic.
ORGANSKI GASTRONOMSKI PROIZVODI KAO POKRETAČ RAZVOJA

EKOTURIZMA U USLOVIMA PANDEMIJE

Univerzitet u Kragujevcu, Fakultet za hotelijerstvo i turizam, Vrnjačka Banja, Srbija
U prirodi svakog čoveka je da konzumira hranu koju mu je priroda dala u bliskom

okruženju. Organski proizvedena hrana, predstavlja izuzetan potencijal razvoja
različitih specifičnih oblika turizma a posebno ekoturizma. Savremeni turisti koji imaju
razvijenu svest o ekološkom okruženju sve manje žele da konzumiraju hranu koja nije
proizvedena na zdravstveno bezbedan način. Ako se sagledaju različiti uticaji
pandemije na celokupno stanovništvo, jasno se može zaključiti koliko je zdravlje
svakog pojedinca bitan parametar, koje je moguće očuvati ili pospešiti
konzumiranjem kvalitetne i zdravstveno bezbedne hrane.
Cilj rada je ukazivanje na unapređenje i omasovljenje proizvodnje i zastupljenosti
organskih gastronomskih proizvoda u razvoju ekoturizma koji predstavljaju bitan
potencijal kako u agrarnom tako i u turističkom sektoru.
Ključne reči: organska hrana, gastronomski proizvodi, ekoturizam, pandemija.
165
BIODIVERSITY OF ZASAVICA RESERVES IN THE FUNCTION OF

SUSTAINABLE TOURISM
Mihajlo Stanković
National Conservation Movement, Sremska Mitrovica, Serbia
Ecotourism is today an increasingly attractive type of tourist movement, opening new

destinations needed by modern tourists. In order to achieve a certain goal, it is
necessary to have cooperation between spatial planners, conservationists, tourism
experts and society as a whole. Zasavica Special Nature Reserve is one of 98
reserves in Serbia. It has been under state protection since 1997 and is a member of
the EUROPARC Federation, is a Ramsar site and is listed in IPA, IBA, PBA
Internationally Important Areas. The development of sustainable tourism in Zasavica,
with proper implementation, can be beneficial in many ways from the economic point
of view, and on the other hand, it is conservatively justified because it does not
endanger the special and ecosystem diversity of the reserve. Sustainable tourism can
in an educational sense indicate the importance of protected nature and thus spread
the ecological idea that is becoming increasingly relevant. Previous research of the
reserve shows that about 650 species of algae, 300 species of macromycetes, 680
species of plants, over 1200 species of invertebrates (Insecta (Heteroptera 218,
Curculionidae 98, Carabidae 72, Lepidoptera 69, Orthoptera 47, Odonata 47,
Adephaga 47, Formicide 31, Cerambycidae 30, Coccinelidae 17, Hymenoptera 11,
Diptera 10, Chrysomelidae 8, with 6 species we have in Fam.Cicadelidae and
Scarabaeidae, Cetonidae 5, Tenebrionidae 4, we have 3 species each in Fam.
Symphita, Staphylionidae and Cantharidae, and we have 2 species each in Fam.
Histeridae, Lucanidae, Lampiridae and in the ordo Dermoptera, while we have 1
species each in Fam Buprestidae, Silvanidae, Pyrochroidae, Mecoptera, Mantoidea
and Cleridae), Aranidae 104, Anelidae (Hirudinidae 5, Lumbricidae 20), Hydroacarina
3, Mollusca (Gastropoda 37, Bivalvia 3, Stylommatophora - Arionoide 3), Crustacea
with zooplancton 210, Myriapoda 17, Nematomorpha 1, Opiliones 3) etc., fish 20
species, birds 216 species and mammals 65 species. Out of a total of 300 species of
macromycetes, six species of fungi (Agaricus xanthodermus, Amanita phalloides,
Hericium erinaceum, Meripilus giganteus, Phallus impudicus and Geastrum nanum)
are present and are on the European red list. Mushrooms attract visitors with their
shape, size and color, such as the genera Geastrum sp., Morchella sp., Xylaria sp.,
Auricularia sp., Coprinus sp., Ganoderma sp., Verpa sp., Peziza sp., Polyporus sp.,
Ramaria sp. ., Scleroderma sp., The flora of the reserve has a total of 680 species,
among the identified species we have rare, endangered and relict species. The most
significant find in the flora of the reserve is the plant Aldrovanda vesiculosa found in
2005., for which Zasavica is currently the only proven habitat in Serbia. For most
visitors, these species are less known or almost unknown, so what visitors recognize
and admire are Nuphar luteum, Nymphaea alba, Phragmites communis, Iris sp., And
many other cosmopolitan species that recognize up to the genus poplar, oak, clover,
elm, violet, pomegranate-wild rose, ash yarrow, milkweed, mint,.....).
166
A total of about 1,200 species of invertebrates have been recorded in the Zasavica
reserve so far, of which rare, endangered, endemic and new species are important
from the aspect of science and profession. From the aspect of the profession, the
presence of the so-called "living fossils" (Lepidurus apus, Triops cancriformis,
Chirocephalus brevipalpis), 540 million years old, is significant, as well as colonies of
Spongillia lacuster and some underground amphipods that indicate pure unpolluted
water. Entomofauna makes up the largest part of registered invertebrates, among
which there are rare, endemic and significant species. A large number of invertebrate
species in the reserve are on the European Red List or are on the list of priority
species Habitat of the EU Directive or on the list of priority species for Natura 2000.
As we can see the invertebrate fauna of the reserve is very rich in species. of
microscopic dimensions, living in water or on and in soil. All species are important
from the aspect of science and profession, while tourists are little or almost unknown.
Certainly, visitors are often attracted by insects of bright (vivid) colors or large bodies.
Insects are certainly the most famous group of invertebrates that most visitors
recognize at least to the group to which they belong if not to the species itself, while
other invertebrates tourists recognize only to a certain group of organisms such as
spiders, snails, shellfish, earthworms, leeches, crabs, etc. the number of those who
can recognize them up to the rank of the genus or species of these groups. Out of 20
species of fish in the Zasavica watercourse, 6 are endangered species, and the most
important inhabitant is Umbra krameri, for which Zasavica is one of the three habitats
in Serbia. The most interesting species for tourists-fishermen are Esox lucius, Tinca
tinca, Carassius carasius, Carassius auratus and others. The ornithofauna of the
reserve has 216 bird species and for some bird species Zasavica is one of the few
remaining nesting habitats in NW Macva and is located on the migration corridor.
With the realization of some projects, some extinct species have returned (white-
tailed eagle, black kite, swan humpback, buckthorn, etc.). Birds are very common
objects of observation in nature and attract the attention of visitors. Whether it is a
walk or a voyage around the reserve, birds are something we will always see, and on
average, 20-30 different species of birds can be seen daily. Many small, tiny singers
go unnoticed while large ones become objects of observation. The most frequently
observed species by visitors in the reserve are Fulica atra, Ardea cinerea, Nycticorax
nycticorax, Buteo buteo, Haliaetus albicila, Circus aeruginosus, Ardea purpurea,
Ciconia ciconia and others. Of the 65 mammal species in Zasavica, 5 are
endangered in Europe. Theriofauna of the reserve, even if it is rich in species, is
interesting for visitors: two species of Lutra lutra and Castor fiber, which are nocturnal
and difficult to see. Precisely through one such way of getting to know Zasavica, such
as hiking in nature, photo safaris, birdwatching, sightseeing of water reserves with a
well-designed program, the idea of protecting such ecosystems can be affirmed.
Keywords: biodiversity, sustainable tourism, reserve Zasavica.
167
BIODIVERZITET REZERVATA ZASAVICA U FUNKCIJI ODRŽIVOG

TURIZMA
Mihajlo Stanković
Pokret gorana, Sremska Mitrovica, Srbija
Ekoturizam je danas sve atraktivniji vid turističkog kretanja, otvara nove destinacije
potrebne savremenom turisti. Da bi postigao određeni cilj potrebno je da postoji
saradnja između prostornih planera, konzervatora-zaštitara, turizmologa i društva u
celini. Specijalni rezervat prirode Zasavica je jedan od 98 rezervata u Srbiji. Pod
zaštitom države je od 1997. godine i članica je EUROPARC federacije, Ramsarsko je
područje i uvršćen je u IPA, IBA, PBA Međunarodno značajna područja. Razvoj
održivog turizma na Zasavici uz pravilno sprovođenje može biti višestruko koristan sa
ekonomske strane a sa druge strane i konzervaciono opravdan jer ne ugrožava
specijski i ekosistemski diverzitet rezervata. Održivi turizam može u edukativnom
smislu ukazivati na značaj zaštitene prirode i tako širiti ekološku ideju koja postaje
sve aktuelnija. Dosadašnja istraživanja rezervata pokazuju da je konstatovano oko
650 vrsta algi, 300 vrsta makromiceta, 680 vrsta biljaka, preko 1200 vrsta
invertebrata (i to Insecta (Heteroptera 218, Curculionidae 98, Carabidae 72,
Lepidoptera 69, Orthoptera 47, Odonata 47, Adephaga 47, Formicide 31,
Cerambycidae 30, Coccinelidae 17, Hymenoptera 11, Diptera 10, Chrysomelidae 8,
sa 6 vrsta imamo kod Fam.Cicadelidae i Scarabaeidae, Cetonidae 5, Tenebrionidae
4, po 3 vrste imamo kod Fam. Symphita, Staphylionidae, Meloidae, Melolonthidae i
Cantharidae, a po 2 vrste imamo kod Fam. Histeridae, Lucanidae, Lampiridae i kod
reda Dermoptera, dok po 1 vrsta imamo kod Fam Buprestidae, Silvanidae,
Pyrochroidae, Mecoptera, Mantoidea i Cleridae). Aranidae 104, Anelidae
(Hidudinidae 5, Lumbricidae 20), Hidroacarine 3, Molusca (Gastropoda 37, Bivalvia 3,
Stylommatophora - Arionoide 3), Crustacea sa zooplanktonom 210, Myriapoda 17,
Nematomorpha 1, Opiliones 3) itd, riba 20 vrsta, ptica 216 vrsta i sisara 65 vrsta. Od
ukupno 300 vrsta makromiceta prisutno je šest vrsta gljiva(Agaricus xanthodermus,
Amanita phalloides, Hericium erinaceum, Meripilus giganteus, Phallus impudicus i
Geastrum nanum) koje se nalaze na Evropskoj crvenoj listi Gljive svojim oblikom,
veličinom i bojom privlače posetioce, poput rodova Geastrum sp., Morchella sp.,
Xylaria sp., Auricularia sp., Coprinus sp., Ganoderma sp.,Verpa sp., Peziza sp.,
Polyporus sp., Ramaria sp., Scleroderma sp.,i dr. Flora rezervata ukupno broji 680
vrsta među konstatovanim vrstama imamo retkih, ugroženih i reliktnih vrsta.
Najznačajniji nalaz u flori rezervata je biljka Aldrovanda vesiculosa nađena 2005.
godine za koju je Zasavica za sad jedino dokazano stanište u Srbiji. Za većinu
posetilaca ove navedene vrste su manje poznate ili gotovo nepoznate, tako da ono
što posetioci prepoznaju i čemu se dive su Nuphar luteum, Nymphaea alba,
Phragmites communis, Iris sp., i mnoge druge kosmopolitske vrste koje prepoznaju
do roda (npr. vrba, topola, hrast, detelina, brest, ljubičica, šipak-divlja ruža, jasen
hajdučka trava, mlečika, nana,.....).
168
Dosadašnjim istraživanjem u rezervatu Zasavica ukupno je zabeleženo oko 1200

vrsta invertebrata, od toga sa aspekta nauke i struke značajne su retke, ugrožene,
endemične i nove vrste. Sa aspekta struke značajno je prisustvo tzv.,,živih fosila”
(Lepidurus apus, Triops cancriformis, Chirocephalus brevipalpis) starosti 540 miliona
godina, kao i kolonije vrste Spongillia lacuster i nekih podzemnih amfipoda koji nam
ukazuju na čistu nezagađenu vodiu. Entomofauna čini najveći deo registrovanih
invertebrata među kojima ima retkih, endemičnih i značajnih vrsta. Veliki broj vrsta
beskičmenjaka u rezervatu se nalaze na Evropskoj crvenoj listi ili se nalaze na listi
prioritetnih vrsta Habitat Direktive EU ili na listi prioritetnih vrsta za Natura 2000. Kao
što vidimo fauna invertebrata rezervata je veoma bogata vrstama.Deo njih su sitni, a
neki i mikroskopskih dimenzija, koje žive u vodi ili na i u tlu. Sve vrste su značajne sa
aspekta nauke i struke dok turistima su malo ili gotovo nepoznate. Svakako
posetiocima često privlače pažnju insekti jarkih (živih) boja ili krupnog tela. Insekti su
svakako najpoznatija grupa beskičmenjaka koje većina posetilaca prepoznaje makar
do grupe kojoj pripadaju ako ne do same vrste dok ostale beskičmenjake turisti
prepoznaju samo do određene grupe organizama poput: paukovi, puževi, školjke,
gliste, pijavice, rakovi i sl., dok je mali broj onih koji mogu da ih prepoznaju do ranga
roda ili vrste ovih grupa. Od 20 vrsta riba u vodotoku Zasavica, 6 su ugrožene vrste, a
najznačajniji stanovnik je Umbra krameri za koju je Zasavica jedno od tri staništa u
Srbiji. Turistima-ribolovcima najinteresantnije su vrste Esox lucius, Tinca tinca,
Carassius carasius, Carassius auratus i dr. Ornitofauna rezervata broji 216 vrstu
ptica i za neke vrste ptica Zasavica predstavlja jedno od retkih preostalih gnezdilišnih
staništa u SZ Mačvi i nalazi se na migratornom koridoru. Realizacijom nekih projekata
vratile su se i neke nestale vrste (belorepan, crna lunja, labud grbac, bukavac i dr.).
Ptice su vrlo česti objekti posmatranja u prirodi i privlače pažnju posetilaca. Bilo da se
radi o šetnji ili plovidbi po rezervatu ptice su nešto što ćemo uvek videti i to u proseku
dnevno se može videti 20-30 različitih vrsta ptica. Mnoge male, sitne pevačice prođu
ne zapažene dok krupne postaju objekti posmatranja. Najčešće posmatrane vrste od
strane posetilaca u rezervatu su Fulica atra, Ardea cinerea, Nycticorax nycticorax,
Buteo buteo, Haliaetus albicila, Circus aeruginosus, Ardea purpurea, Ciconia ciconia i
dr. Od 65 vrsta sisara u Zasavici, 5 su ugrožene u Evropi. Teriofauna rezervata i ako
je bogata vrstama za posetioce su interesantne dve vrste Lutra lutra i Castor fiber
koje su noćne vrste i teško se mogu videti. Upravo preko jednog takvog načina
upoznavanja Zasavice, kao što su pešačenja po prirodi, fotosafari, birdwatching,
razgledanje rezervata sa vode uz dobro osmišljen program može se afirmisati ideja
zaštite ovakvih ekosistema.
Ključne reči: biodiverzitet, održivi turizam, rezervat Zasavica,.
169
ECO-RESTAURANTS IN THE WORLD AND RESTAURANTS IN SERBIA
Bojan Živadinović
University Singidunum, Belgrade, Serbia
People and their daily needs are changing the world. Tourism, with its constituent
parts – including dining at a destination and the increasing frequency of eating out
with the locals – has led to a rapid increase in the number of restaurants in the world.
Traditional restaurants have become some of the largest consumers of resources
(electricity, water), but at the same time, significant pollutants (wastewater,
emissions, etc.). An alternative to these restaurants are eco-restaurants, the number
of which is growing worldwide. There are few restaurants of this type in Serbia. The
aim of this paper is to highlight the importance of the need for sustainable
development in the restaurant industry. Consequently, positive environmental
practices and rational use of resources in the world should be implemented in the
restaurant business in Serbia.
Keywords: sustainable tourism, eco-restaurants, organic food, environmental

protection, green tourist.
EKO-RESTORANI U SVETU I RESTORANI U SRBIJI
Bojan Živadinović
Univerzitet Singidunum, Beograd, Srbija
Čovek i njegove svakodnevne potrebe menjaju svet. Turizam sa svojm sastavnim

delovima – među kojima su i ishrana na destinaciji i sve češća ručavanja van
porodice, kod lokalnog stanovništva – dovode do ubrzanog porasta broja restorana u
svetu. Tradicionalni restorani postali su neki od najvećih potrošača resursa (električna
energija, voda), ali u isto vreme i značajni zagađivači (otpadne vode, emisija štetnih
gasova. itd.). Alternativu ovim restoranima predstavljaju eko-restorani, čiji broj u svetu
raste. U Srbiji je malo restorana ovog tipa. Cilj ovog rada jeste da ukaže na značaj
potrebe održivog razvoja u restoraterskoj industriji. Shodno tome, u svetu primenjene
pozitivne prakse iz domena zaštite životne sredine i racionalnog korišćenja resursa
trebalo bi implementirati u poslovanje restorana u Srbiji.
Ključne reči: održivi turizam, eko-restorani, organska hrana, zaštita životne sredine,
zeleni turista.
170
THE EFFECTS OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON ECOTOURISM
Saša Virijević Jovanović1, Duško Mlađenović2, Jelena Zdravković3

1Faculty of Applied Management, Economics and Finance, Belgrade, Serbia
2Singidunum University, Belgrade, Serbia
3Fourth Gymnasium, Belgrade, Serbia
The aim of this paper is to analyse the current research regarding the effects of
coronavirus pandemic on ecotourism and particularly the wildlife tourism, in order to
provide a significant cognitive basis that can be used for further studies. Literature
review is applied as the most dominant scientific method in the paper. It was based on
research studies dealing with different positive and negative effects in ecotourism that
are directly or indirectly caused by the coronavirus outbreak. The main arguments in
favour of positive impact of pandemic in tourism sector are concerning the
environmental consequences that came as a result of limitations in human contacts and
industrial activities. However, the majority of researchers recognised negative effects in
ecotourism and wildlife protection, caused by reductions in income and employment.
Keywords: COVID-9, pandemic, wildlife tourism, ecotourism, tourism.
THE EFFECTS OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON ECOTOURISM
Saša Virijević Jovanović1, Duško Mlađenović2, Jelena Zdravković3

1Fakultet za primenjeni menadžment ekonomiju i finansije, Beograd, Srbija
2Univerzitet Singidunum, Beograd, Srbija
3Četvrta gimnazija, Beograd, Srbija
Cilj ovog rada je da analizira trenutna istraživanja u vezi sa efektima pandemije

koronavirusa na ekoturizam, a posebno na netaknute prirode, kako bi se obezbedila
značajna kognitivna osnova koja se može koristiti za dalje studije. Pregled literature se
primenjuje kao najdominantnija naučna metoda u radu. Baziran je na istraživačkim
studijama koje se bave različitim pozitivnim i negativnim efektima u ekoturizmu koji su
direktno ili indirektno uzrokovani izbijanjem koronavirusa. Glavni argumenti u prilog
pozitivnog uticaja pandemije u turističkom sektoru odnose se na ekološke posledice
koje su nastale kao rezultat ograničenja u ljudskim kontaktima i industrijskim
aktivnostima. Međutim, većina istraživača prepoznala je negativne efekte u ekoturizmu i
zaštiti netaknute prirode, prouzrokovane smanjenjem prihoda i zaposlenosti.
Ključne reči: COVID-9, pandemija koronavirusa, turizam netaknute prirode, ekoturizam,

turizam.
171
THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON THE FUTURE OF SPORT:

SUSTAINABILITY AND RECOVERY
Violeta Šiljak1, Nevenka Zrnzević2, Rade Stefanović3,

Aleksandra Perović4, Jovan Veselinović4, Dejan Đurović4
1European Center for Peace and Development, UN University for Peace,
Belgrade, Serbia
2University of Priština, Faculty of Teacher Education Leposavić, Serbia
3University of Priština, Faculty of Sports and Physical Education Leposavić, Serbia
4Alfa BK University, Faculty of Sports Management, Belgrade, Serbia
We are witnessing a time when the COVID-19 pandemic with its presence affects the
daily life of an individual, and thus sports as an activity that people are engaged in.
However, although many authors have dealt with the issue of COVID-19 from the
aspect of sports, having in mind the fact that sport is a complex phenomenon, a lot of
space is left for further research on their connection, ie the impact of COVID-19 on
sport. In this exploratory research, given that it takes place in the current pandemic, in
real time, a descriptive, mostly qualitative and critical analysis of the content of publicly
available, official and published data and scientific papers was applied, which could
clearly achieve the formulated goal of research. The topic is unquestionable and is
dictated by the reality in which we live. The subject of this research relates to the impact
of COVID-19 on the future of sport, its sustainable development, ie. recovery. The aim
of the research is a comprehensive understanding of the problems and dimensions of
the current pandemic COVID-19 in the function of sustainable development of sports.
Starting from the subject and goal of the research, research questions were defined,
and the results of the research indicate that the perspective of school and top sports is
at a worrying level with the efforts of line associations, while the segment of recreational
sports can be maintained at the same level with reorientation and focus to engage in
outdoor activities. So far, it has not been noticed that sports development strategies
have been redefined. A number of decrees, recommendations, etc. have been passed
which states that at this moment, COVID-19 is still being considered, as a transient
problem, where after the end of the pandemic, it would return to the already existing
strategies of development and sustainability.
Keywords: sport, pandemic COVID-19, sport future, sustainability, development

strategy, recreational sport, top sport, school sport.
172
UTICAJ COVID-19 NA BUDUĆNOST SPORTA: ODRŽIVOST I OBNOVA
Violeta Šiljak1, Nevenka Zrnzević2, Rade Stefanović3,

Aleksandra Perović4, Jovan Veselinović4, Dejan Đurović6
1Evropski centar za mir i razvoj Univerziteta za mir UN, Beograd, Srbija
Univerzitet u Prištini, Učiteljski fakultet Leposavić, Srbija
2
3 Univerzitet u Prištini, Fakultet sporta i fizičkog vaspitanja Leposavić, Srbija
4Alfa BK Univerzitet, Fakultet za menadžment u sportu, Beograd, Srbija
Svedoci smo vremena kada pandemija COVID-19 svojim prisustvom utiče na

svakodnevni život pojedinca, time i na sport kao aktivnost ili delatnost kojom se ljudi
bave. Međutim, iako su se brojni autori bavili problematikom COVID-19 sa aspekta
sporta, imajući u vidu činjenicu da je sport kompleksan fenomen, ostavljeno je dosta
prostora za dalja istraživanja o njihovoj povezanosti, odnosno uticaju COVID-19 na
sport. U ovom istraživanju eksplorativnog karaktera, s obzirom da se odvija u uslovima
aktuelne pandemije, u realnom vremenu, primenjena je deskriptivna, pretežno
kvalitativna i kritička analiza sadržaja javno dostupnih, zvaničnih i objavljenih podataka i
naučnih radova, kojima se na jasan način mogao ostvariti formulisani cilj istraživanja.
Aktuelnost teme je neupitna i diktira je stvarnost u kojoj živimo. Predmet ovog
istraživanja se upravo odnosi na uticaj COVID-19 na budućnost sporta, njegovu
održivost razvoja, tj. oporavka. Cilj istraživanja predstavlja sveobuhvatno sagledavanje i
razumevanje problema i dimenzija aktuelne pandemije COVID-19 u funkciji održivog
razvoja sporta. Polazeći od predmeta i cilja istraživanja definisana su istraživačka
pitanja, pri čemu se došlo do rezultata istraživanja koji ukazuju da je perspektiva
školskog i vrhunskog sporta i uz napore resornih udruženja na zabrinjavajućem nivou,
dok je segment rekreativnog sporta moguće održati na istom nivou uz preorijentaciju i
usmerenost na bavljenje aktivnostima na otvorenom prostoru. Za sada nije uočeno da
su strategije razvoja sporta redefinisane. Donešen je određen broj uredbi, preporuka i
sl. što navodi da se u ovom momentu još uvek razmišlja o COVID-19, kao prolaznom
problemu, gde bi se nakon završetka pandemije vratilo već postojećim strategijama
razvoja i održivosti.
Ključne reči: sport, pandemija COVID-19, budućnost sporta, održivost, razvojne

strategije, rekreativni sport, vrhunski sport, školski sport.
173
THE IMPORTANCE OF SPORTS MARKETING FOR THE DEVELOPMENT

OF ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS IN SPORTS SPECIAL GROUPS
Vojkan Bižić
Faculty of business studies, Belgrade, Serbia
Marketing in the sport of children with special needs gives a particularly challenging task
to anyone who wants to research this topic, whether it be economists, ecologists,
defectologists, professors of physical culture and many other researchers. This is a
particular challenge for economics professionals to show the connection between
marketing, especially sports marketing and encouraging children with special needs to
acquire knowledge about the importance of environmental protection for their livelihood,
work and sports through their sports activities. The aim of the paper is to point out the
possible application of marketing in sports in the youngest population. The results of the
paper answer the question of how diverse integrated marketing channels of
communication can contribute to the fact that such a specific population engages in sports
today and develops an ecological world about the importance of the environment for
sports.
Keywords: sports, marketing in sports, children with special needs, ecology, environ-
mental protection
.
ZNAČAJ SPORTSKOG MARKETINGA ZA RAZVOJ EKOLOŠKE SVESTI

KOD POSEBNIH GRUPA SPORTISTA
Vojkan Bižić
Fakultet za poslovne studije, Beograd, Srbija
Marketing u sportu dece sa posebnim potrebama, daje posebno izazovan zadatak pred
svakoga ko želi da se bavi istraživanjem ove teme bilo da se radi o ekonomistima,
ekolozima, defektolozima, profesorima fizičke kulture kao i mnogim drugim istraživačima.
Ovo je poseban izazov za stučnjake ekonomske struke, da pokažu vezu marektinga,
posebno marketinga u sportu i podsticanja dece sa posebnim potrebama da kroz
bavljenje sportskim aktivnostima stiču znanja o značaju očuvanja životne sredine za
njihov život, rad i bavljenje sportom. Cilj rada je da se ukaže na moguću primenu
marketinga u sportu kod najmlađe populacije. Rezultati rada daju odgovor na pitanje kako
raznovrsni integrisani marketinški kanali komunicranja mogu da doprinesu da se i ovako
specifična populacija bavi sportom danas i razvije ekološku svet o značaju životne sredine
za bavljenje sportom.
Ključne reči: sport, marketing u sportu, deca sa posebnim potrebama, ekologija, zaštita
174
Section 4
FINANCIAL ASPECTS
Sekcija 4
FINANSIJSKI ASPEKT
THE INFLUENCE OF PUBLIC FINANCE MANAGEMENT ON THE

ECONOMIC ACTIVITY OF THE SERBIAN ECONOMY IN THE ERA OF
COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Ass. Prof. Dr. Mašan Ercegović1, Ass. Prof. Dr. Dragan Živković2
1MB University, Belgrade, Serbia
"No man is an island” (Don, 1624). It is not necessary to be a scientist and conclude
by analogy that it is not a single state, also, COVID-19 unquestionably confirmed it. It
is only necessary that "those who decide" respect that. Covid-19, some say, has
accelerated, others that has revealed, the economic collapse of the world economy
based on the concept of neoliberal capitalism and marked the beginning of the end of
the era of globalism. Wrong.
Economic imbalances in the world economy, especially in the area of financial debts,
both public and private, generated primarily by an unprecedented amount of dollars
from the primary emission, and then also of euros, all under the guise of an economic
measure called - quantitative easing, then enormous disproportion in the distribution
income between income from capital and income from labor, inadequate fiscal policy
in the field of income in favor of the rich, open war in the field of energy supply, etc.
confirms that everything was clear and well known even before the appearance of
covid-19. This, after all, can be easily deduced from the fact that the chairman of the
WEF (World Economic Forum), Klaus Schwab, announced the annual theme for
2021 in his address on June 3 last year: "The Great Reset", which promotes entering
on the stage of the global agenda. to restructure the world economy in line with the
interests of big business.
From this, it is logicaally concluded that Covid-19 served only as a fig leaf to impose
new world rules and economic measures in accordance with the interests and needs
of large, primarily financial corporations, which should implement a new digital
economy called "Industrial Revolution 4.0". based on information technology, artificial
intelligence, robotics, renewable energy sources, minimum universal income, etc.,
generally high technologies and thus again ensure the dominance of the same
"players" on a global level. Small states and small economies are and will be in a
particularly unfavorable situation, so the importance of the quality and scope of
economic policies, especially the management of public finances, is extremely
important.
Keywords: COVID-19, neoliberalism, globalism, industrial revolution, public finance,

management.
177
UTICAJ MENADŽMENTA JAVNIM FINANSIJAMA NA EKONOMSKU

AKTIVNOST SRPSKE PRIVREDE U DOBA PANDEMIJE COVID-19
Doc. dr Mašan Ercegović1, Doc. dr Dragan Živković2

1Univerzitet MB, Beograd, Srbija
2Univerzitet ALFA BK, Beograd, Srbija
„Ni jedan čovek nije ostrvo“ (Don, 1624). Nije neophodno biti naučnik pa zaključiti po
analogiji da to nije ni jedna država, takodje, COVID-19 je to neupitno razrešio.
Neophodno je samo da, „oni koji odlučuju“ to i uvaže. Covid-19 je, kažu neki ubrzao,
drugi opet, razotkrio, ekonomski kolaps svetske privrede zasnovane na konceptu
neoliberalnog kapitalizma i označio početak kraja ere globalizma. Pogrešno.
Ekonomski disbalansi svetske ekonomije, posebno u oblasti finansijskih dugova kako
javnih tako i privatnih, generisanih pre svega nezapamćenom količinom dolara iz
primarne emisije, a potom isto tako i evra, sve pod plaštom ekonomske mere
nazvane - kvantitativno popuštanje, zatim,enormna disproporcija u raspodeli
ostvarenog dohotka izmedju prihoda od kapitala i prihoda od rada, neadekvatna
fiskalna politika u oblasti dohodaka u korist bogatih, otvoreni rat u oblasti
snabdevanja energentima i sl. potvrdjuje da je sve bilo belodano jasno i poznato i pre
pojave COVID-19. To se, uostalom, može lako zaključiti iz činjenice da je
predsedavajući WEF-a (Svetskog ekonomskog foruma) Klaus Švab već trećeg juna
prošle godine u svom obraćanju najavio godišnju temu za 2021: „Veliki reset“, kojom
se promoviše stupanje na scenu globalne agende za restrukturisanje svetske
ekonomije u skladu sa interesima krupnog kapitala.
Iz ovoga se, prirodno zaključuje da je Covid-19, poslužio samo kao smokvin list za
nametanje novih svetskih pravila i ekonomskih mera u skladu interesima i potrebama
krupnog, prevashodno finansijskog kapitala, koje treba da implementiraju novu
digitalnu ekonomiju nazvanu „industrijska revolucija 4.0“, zasnovanu na informacionoj
tehnologiji,veštačkoj intelegenciji, robotizaciji, obnovljivim izvorima energije,
minimalnom univerzalnom dohotku, generalno visokim tehnologijama i tako iznova
obezbedi dominaciju istih „igrača“ na globalnom nivou.
Male države i male ekonomije su i biće u posebno nepovoljnoj situaciji, pa je značaj
kvaliteta i obuhvata ekonomske politike, posebno menadžmenta javnim finansijama
od izuzetne važnosti.
Ključne reči: COVID-19, neoliberalizam, globalizam, industrijska revolucija, javne

finansije, menadžment.
178
THE ROLE OF DIGITALIZATION IN THE FINANCIAL SECTOR, WITH

REFERENCE TO THE BANKING SECTOR
Milica Kaličanin1, Zoran Kaličanin1, Miroslav Perić2

1Univerzitet “Union - Nikola Tesla”, Fakultet za poslovne studije i pravo, Beograd, Srbija
2Univerzitet Singidunum, Poslovni fakultet, Beograd, Srbija
Financial globalization has been proceeding at a rapid pace in recent years. Several
industrial trends and market conditions have shaped the strategic direction and the
need to digitize services in the financial sector. Greater demand for products and
solutions and an increasingly complex economic system mean that financial
institutions must offer a wider range of investment strategies and instruments. So
what does digitalization mean in financial services? And how should financial
institutions deal with building an optimal digital landscape?
Financial companies are thinking of doing more than just responding to regulatory
reform and investing in digital capabilities as a sustainable solution to meet strategic
initiatives. While traditional revenue streams strive to remain profitable, financial
companies are turning to digitalization, not only as a means to increase profitability
and business efficiency, but also as a platform for developing additional products and
services with a high degree of automation. These market trends are based on a
paradigm shift in analytics from an approach based on a real-time self-service
analysis model, implying that information is always current and available, especially in
the areas of customer service and engagement, cross-selling, fraud detection and
risk management.
In the banking industry, technologies break down barriers and open doors for new
financial service providers. Many banks recognize this inevitability. But what does
building a truly digital bank mean? Banks need to understand what the digital
revolution means to them based on their specific strategy and willingness to compete
in the digital arena. Their efforts must be strategic in order to achieve the desired
business goals with available capital and within an acceptable time frame.
Keywords: banking, financial services, digitalization, digital innovations, electronic

banking, mobile banking.
179
ZNAČAJ DIGITALIZACIJE ZA ODRŽIVI RAZVOJ U FINANSIJSKOJ

INDUSTRIJI
Milica Kaličanin1, Zoran Kaličanin1, Miroslav Perić2

1Univerzitet “Union - Nikola Tesla”, Fakultet za poslovne studije i pravo, Beograd, Srbija
2Univerzitet Singidunum, Poslovni fakultet, Beograd, Srbija
Finansijska globalizacija se odvija brzim tempom u poslednjih nekoliko godina.

Nekoliko industrijskih trendova i tržišnih uslova oblikovalo je strateški pravac i potrebu
za digitalizacijom usluga u finansijskom sektoru. Veća potražnja za proizvodima i
rešenjima i sve složeniji ekonomski sistem znače da finansijske institucije moraju da
ponude širi spektar investicionih strategija i instrumenata. U radu autori postavljaju
pitanje šta znači digitalizacija u finansijskim uslugama? I kako bi se finansijske
institucije trebale baviti izgradnjom optimalnog digitalnog pejzaža?
Finansijske kompanije razmišljaju o tome da učine više od pukog reagovanja na
regulatornu reformu i ulažu u digitalne mogućnosti kao održivo rešenje za
ispunjavanje strateških inicijativa. Dok se tradicionalni tokovi prihoda trude da ostanu
profitabilni, finansijske kompanije se okreću digitalizaciji, ne samo kao sredstvu za
povećanje isplativosti i efikasnosti u poslovanju, već i kao platformi za razvoj dodatnih
proizvoda i usluga sa visokim stepenom automatizacije. Ovi tržišni trendovi zasnovani
su na promeni paradigme u analitici sa pristupa zasnovanog na modelu analize
samoposluživanja u realnom vremenu, podrazumevajući da su informacije uvek
aktuelne i dostupne, posebno u oblastima korisničkih usluga i angažovanja, unakrsne
prodaje, otkrivanja prevara i upravljanje rizikom.
U bankarskoj industriji, tehnologije ruše prepreke i otvaraju vrata za nove pružaoce
finansijskih usluga. Mnoge banke prepoznaju ovu neizbežnost. Ali šta podrazumeva
izgradnja istinski digitalne banke? Banke moraju da shvate šta za njih znači digitalna
revolucija na osnovu njihove specifične strategije i spremnosti da se takmiče u
digitalnoj areni. Njihovi napori moraju biti strateški da bi se postigli željeni poslovni
ciljevi sa raspoloživim kapitalom i u prihvatljivom vremenskom okviru.
Ključne reči: bankarstvo, finansijske usluge, digitalizacija, digitalne inovacije, elektronsko

bankrastvo, mobilno bankarstvo.
180
FINANCING SUPORT PROJECTS FOR HOSPITALITY AND TOURISM

DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Adriana Jović Bogdanović, Milan Janković
Faculty of Business Studies and Law, Belgrade, Serbia
In December 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic was declared, the consequences of

which are extremely great for all of humanity. The consequences are reflected in the
large number of sick and deceased, the "locking" of entire cities, the burden on health
systems, but also in its impact on certain industries. The pandemic did not affect
everyone equally, and tourism and hospitality are certainly among those hardest hit.
In order to reduce the spread of the virus, even countries that generate significant
income from tourism and hospitality, such as Italy and Greece, have decided to ban
the arrival of foreign nationals in these countries for the purpose of tourist visits. The
situation was the same in Serbia, which, although to a drastically smaller extent,
generates a certain percentage of income from the stay of foreign tourists in Serbia.
All this affected the normal functioning and survival of all individuals who operated in
this sector. In order to help this sector, the Government of the Republic of Serbia has
taken certain measures. The primary goal was to enable hoteliers and other people
employed in tourism to survive, but also to keep the number of employees in these
sectors at the level before the pandemic, or at least at approximately the same level.
One group of regulations implied deferral of tax liabilities, while the other group of
regulations referred to direct financial assistance. At the time of writing, tourism and
hospitality are still not even close to returning to the previous level, and the full
effectiveness of financial support measures aimed at tourism and hospitality in Serbia
due to the COVID-19 pandemic remains to be seen.
Keywords: tourism and hospitality, COVID-19, financial support to vulnerable sectors.
181
ФИНАНСИРАЊЕ ПРОЈЕКАТА ПОДРШКЕ ХОТЕЛИЈЕРСТВУ И

ТУРИЗМУ У ВРЕМЕ ПАНДЕМИЈЕ COVID-19
Адриана Јовић Богдановић, Милан Јанковић
Факултет за пословне студије и право, Београд, Србија
Децембра 2019. године проглашена је пандемија COVID-19 чије су последице за

читаво човечанство изузетно велике. Последице се огледају у великом броју
оболелих и преминулих, ''закључавању'' читавих градова и држава, оптерећењу
здравствених система, али и по свом утицају на поједине привредне гране.
Mеђу теже погођеним гранама свакако су туризам и хотелијерство. У намери да
се смањи ширење вируса, чак су се и државе које остварују значајан приход од
туризма и хотелијерства, попут Италије и Грчке, определиле за забрану доласка
страних држављања у ове земље у сврхе туристичких посета. Ситуација је била
иста и у Србији која, иако у драстично мањој мери, одређени проценат прихода
остварује од боравка страних туриста у Србији. Све ово утицало је на нормално
функционисање и опстанак свих појединаца који су пословали у овом сектору. У
сврху помоћи овом сектору и Влада Републике Србије предузела је одређене
мере. Примарно је било омогућити хотелијерима и другим лицима запосленим у
туризму опстанак, али и оджати број запослених у овим секторима на нивоу пре
пандемије, или бар на приближно истом нивоу. У том циљу донешен је низ
уредби. Једна група уредби подразумевала је одлагање пореских обавеза, док
се друга група уредби односи на директну новчану помоћ. У тренутку писања
овог рада туризам и хотелијерство још увек нису ни близу повратка на
претходни ниво, а тек остаје да се види и пуна учинковитост мера финансијске
подршке усмерених у туризам и хотелијерство Србије услед пандемије COVID-
19.
Кључне речи: туризам и хотелијерство, COVID-19, финансијска подршка

угроженим секторима
182
SUSTAINABILITY OF THE ORGANISATION IN TIMES OF CRISIS:

INTEGRAL APPROACH TO STRATEGIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
Nina Mitić1, Jelena Avakumović2, Dragan Milošević2,

Goran Kvrgić2, Jovanka Popović2
1Fakultet za primenjeni menadžment, ekonomiju i finansije, MEF, Jevrejska ulica 24,
11000 Beograd, Univerzitet Privredna Akademija Novi Sad, Srbija
2Fakultet za menadžment, Njegoševa 1a, 21205 Sremski Karlovci, Univerzitet Union -
Nikola Tesla, Beograd, Srbija
This research is motivated by the efforts of organizations to reduce threatening risks

from the environment, global unforeseen events, catastrophes and crises through
their strategic risk management planning, and monitoring. In that sense, there was
provided the empirical research on the attitudes of 248 production and service
companies from Serbia, conducted in 2020. The topic of assessments is the
significance and correlation of the impact of individual and group of financial risks on
the strategic financial management of the organization. The paper uses methods of
statistical description, Liket score scale, multiple correlation and regression analysis
in the elaboration of research results. The results of the research confirmed the
hypotheses of the paper about the significance of the impact of these risks caused
internally and externally on the sustainable and resilient development of the
organization and the importance of the integrated approach in strategic financial
management.
Keywords: Financial Strategic Management, Crisis and Risk Management, Sustain-

ability of the Organization.
183
ODRŽIVOST ORGANIZACIJE U DOBA KRIZE: INTEGRALNI PRISTUP

STRATEŠKOM FINANSIJSKOM UPRAVLJANJU
Nina Mitić1, Jelena Avakumović2, Dragan Milošević2,

Goran Kvrgić2, Jovanka Popović2
1Fakultet za primenjeni menadžment, ekonomiju i finansije, MEF, Jevrejska ulica 24,
11000 Beograd, Univerzitet Privredna Akademija Novi Sad, Srbija
2Fakultet za menadžment, Njegoševa 1a, 21205 Sremski Karlovci, Univerzitet Union -
Nikola Tesla, Beograd, Srbija
Ovo istraživanje motivisano je nastojanjem organizacija da smanje preteće rizike iz

okruženja, globalnih nepredviđenih događaja, katastrofa i kriza svojim planskim
upravljanjem. U tom smislu se prikazuju rezultati empirijskog istraživanja stavova 248
proizvodnih i uslužnih preduzeća iz Srbije, sprovedenog 2020. godine. Tema jesu
ocene ispitanika o značajnosti i korelaciji uticaja pojedinačnih i grupnih finansijskih
rizika na strateško finansijsko upravljanje organizacijom. U radu su korišćene metode
statističke deskripcije, Liketove skale ocenjivanja, višestruke korelacione i regresione
analize. Rezultati istraživanja su potvrdili hipoteze rada i značaj uticaja ovih rizika
uzrokovanih unutrašnjim ili spoljnim nepredviđenim događajima na finansijsku
stabilnost preduzeća, značaj integralnog pristupa strategijskom finansijskom
menadžmentu.
Ključne reći: finansijsko strateško upravljanje, krizni i menadžment rizika, održivost

organizacije.
184
THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 ON DIGITALIZATION IN ACCOUNTING
Ivana Bešlić Rupić1, Dragana Bešlić Obradović1, Bojan Rupić2

2Alfa BK University, 3 Palmira Toljatija, 11070 Belgrade, Serbia
3Kapital revizija doo, 1 Vojvode Mišića, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
In the past few years a technological revolution has been in process with the growth
of digitalized markets. The digital era followed by the fourth industrial revolution, as
well as the current COVID-19 pandemic, led to the rapid spread of digital
technologies in all spheres of life and business.
The accounting industry needs to change because of digital technologies, just like
other industries. Some examples of digital tools are: new accounting software,
network solutions or cloud accounting, blockchain, big data, etc. Digitalization will
affect the development of accounting profession. Accountants should be ready for
automation and that requires specific and new knowledge and skills of account-
tants. The aim of this paper is to analyze and systematize the key challenges that
digitalization brings for the accounting profession. Research is based on the review
of relevant and available professional and academic literature.
Keywords: digitalization, innovation, cloud accounting, blockchain, big data.
УТИЦАЈ COVID-19 НА ДИГИТАЛИЗАЦИЈУ У РАЧУНОВОДСТВУ

1Alfa BK Univerzitet, Palmira Toljatija 3, 11070 Beorad, Srbija
2Kapital revizija doo, Vojvode Mišića 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Srbija
У последњих неколико година технолошка револуција прати раст дигитализова-

них тржишта. Дигитална ера праћена четвртом индустријском револуцијом, као
и тренутна пандемија COVID-19, довели су до брзог ширења дигиталних техно-
логија у свим сферама живота и пословања.
Рачуноводствена индустрија је попут многих других индустрија које имају потре-
бу за променом због дигиталних технологија. Неки примери дигиталних алата
су: нови рачуноводствени програми, мрежна решења или рачуноводство у об-
лаку, blockchain, big data, итд. Дигитализација ће утицати на развој рачуноводст-
вене професије. Рачуновође треба да буду спремне за аутоматизацију, а то за-
хтева посебна и нова знања и вештине рачуновођа. Циљ овог рада је да анали-
зира и систематизује кључне изазове које дигитализација доноси за рачуновод-
ствену професију. Истраживање се заснива на прегледу релевантне и доступне
стручне и академске литературе.
Кључне речи: дигитализација, иновација, рачуноводство у облаку, blockchain,

big data.
185
ENVIRONMENTAL REPORTING IN CONTEMPORARY BUSINESS

ENVIRONMENT – PRACTICE IN SERBIA
Prof. Dr Grozdana Marinković
Belgrade Banking Academy, Belgrade, Serbia
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a progressive increase in the importance of

environmental issues, social aspects and personal safety. The importance of
corporate social responsibility through environmental reporting has been further
increased by the adoption of the European Union Directive on non-financial reporting,
according to which a certain number of large business entities and companies of
public interest must to compile and publish reports on environmental and social
impacts of their activities. The aim of the paper is to analyze the practice of disclosing
information on environmental impacts and enviromental protection in Serbia. The
results of the analysis that are based on publicly available reports of selected best
companies in terms of business performance, show that most companies do not
report on enviromental performance and their impact on the environment.
Keywords: environmental protection, reporting, regulation, environmental impacts,

environmental performance.
IZVEŠTAVANJE O ZAŠTITI ŽIVOTNE SREDINE U SAVREMENOM

POSLOVNOM AMBIJENTU – PRAKSA U SRBIJI
Prof. Dr Grozdana Marinković
Beogradska bankarska akademija, Beograd, Srbija
Pandemija COVID-19 je dovela do progresivnog rasta značaja ekoloških pitanja,

socijalnih aspekata i lične sigurnosti. Značaj društveno odgovornog poslovanja kroz
izveštavanje o životnoj sredini dodatno je povećan donošenjem Direktive Evropske
unije o nefinansijskom izveštavanju prema kojoj određeni broj velikih poslovnih
entiteta i kompanija od javnog interesa obavezno sastavlja i objavljivljuje
nefinansijske izveštaje o ekološkim i socijalnim uticajima svojih aktivnosti. Cilj rada je
analiza prakse obelodanjivanja informacija o ekološkim uticajima i zaštiti životne
sredine u Srbiji. Rezultati analize koja je bazirana na javno dostupnim izveštajima
odabranih kompanija, najboljih sa aspekta uspešnosti poslovanja, pokazuju da većina
ne izveštava o ekološkim performansama i uticajima na životnu sredinu.
Ključne reči: zaštita životne sredine, izveštavanje, regulativa, ekološki uticaji, ekološke
performanse.
186
GREEN FINANCE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH
Prof. dr Kristijan Ristić
MB University, Bussines and Law faculty, Belgrade, Serbia
"Green finances" mainly refer to the process of respecting environmental and social
aspects when making investment decisions, which leads to increased investment in
long-term and sustainable activities and thus economic growth and development of
the business environment in accordance with global nomenclatures of global
sustainable development. Specifically, environmental considerations relate to climate
change mitigation and adaptation, and more broadly to the environment and
associated risks (e.g., natural disasters). Social considerations can address issues of
inequality, inclusiveness, labor relations, investment in human capital and
communities.
The management of public and private institutions, including governance structures,
employee relations and executive compensation, plays a fundamental role in
ensuring that social and environmental aspects are included in the decision-making
process.
In this paper, we empirically analyze the relationship between financialization and
sustainable environment through the relationship between investment and economic
growth, starting from the experiences of post-transition countries to the analysis of
regulations by which the EU organizes European integration processes and
implements its new "green financial policy".We use a panel regression model for
empirical analysis.
Keywords: green finance, EU regulatives, economic growth.
187
ZELENE FINANSIJE I EKONOMSKI RAST
Prof. dr Kristijan Ristić
Univerzitet MB, Poslovni i pravni fakultet, Beograd, Srbija
„Zelene finansije“ se uglavnom odnose na proces uvažavanja ekoloških i društvenih

aspekata prilikom donošenja investicionih odluka, što dovodi do povećanih ulaganja u
dugoročne i održive aktivnosti a time i ekonomskog rasta i razvoja ambijenta
privredjivanja u skladu sa globalnim nomenklaturama globalnog održivog razvoja.
Tačnije, ekološka razmatranja odnose se na ublažavanje i prilagođavanje klimatskim
promenama, a šire na životnu sredinu i na povezane rizike (npr. prirodne katastrofe).
Socijalna razmatranja mogu se odnositi na pitanja nejednakosti, inkluzivnosti, radnih
odnosa, ulaganja u ljudski kapital i zajednice.
Upravljanje javnim i privatnim institucijama, uključujući upravljačke strukture, odnose
sa zaposlenima i naknadu izvršne vlasti, igra fundamentalnu ulogu u osiguravanju
uključivanja socijalnih i ekoloških aspekata u proces donošenja odluka.
U radu na empirijski način analiziramo vezu finansijalizacije i održive životne sredine
kroz odnos investicionih ulaganja i ekonomskog rasta polazeći od iskustava
posttranzicijskih zemalja do analize regulativa kojim Evropska unija ustrojava
evrointegracione procese i implementira svoju novu „zelenu finansijsku politiku“.
Za empirijsku analizu koristimo panel regresioni model.
Ključne reči: zelene finansije, EU regulativa, ekonomski rast.
188
REPORTING ON ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION IN THE FUNCTION OF

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

2Alfa BK University, 3 Palmira Toljatija, 11070 Belgrade, Serbia
3Kapital revizija doo, 1 Vojvode Mišića, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
A business whose sole goal is to make a profit without caring about society, the
environment, and stakeholders can not be sustainable in the long run. For this reason, an
increasing number of companies are incorporating the concept of corporate social
responsibility into their business strategies. Among them, the notable place belongs to the
NIS group.
The traditional financial reporting system, which is mainly based on quantitative
information, is not able to adequately respond to the information requirements of
stakeholders when it comes to information on socially responsible and sustainable
business operations of companies. Growing awareness of the need to preserve the
environment and address social issues is putting pressure on companies to increase their
responsibility to the environment and improve the quality of sustainable development.
Keywords: corporate social responsibility, non-financial reporting, environmental and

social performance, sustainable development
IZVEŠTAVANJE O ZAŠTITI ŽIVOTNE SREDINE U FUNKCIJI ODRŽIVOG

RAZVOJA

1Alfa BK Univerzitet, Palmira Toljatija 3, 11070 Beorad, Srbija
2Kapital revizija doo, Vojvode Mišića 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Srbija
Poslovanje čiji je jedini cilj sticanje profita bez brige o društvu, okolini i stejkholderima, ne
može biti dugoročno održivo. Iz tog razloga sve veći broj kompanija u svoje poslovne
strategije inkorporira koncept korporativne društvene odgovornosti. Među njima zapaženo
mesto pripada NIS grupi.
Tradicionalni sistem finansijskog izveštavanja, koji se pretežno zasniva na kvantitativnim
informacijama, nije u mogućnosti da na adekvatan način odgovori na informacione
zahteve stejkholdera kada su u pitanju informacije o društveno odgovornom i održivom
poslovanju kompanija. Rastuća svest o potrebi očuvanja životne sredine i rešavanju
socijalnih pitanja stvara pritisak na kompanije da povećaju svoju odgovornost prema
okruženju i unaprede kvalitet izveštavanja o održivom razvoju. Svrha ovog rada je da
istraži vezu između izveštavanja o zaštiti životne sredine i održivog razvoja.
Ključne reči: korporativna društvena odgovornost, nefinansijsko izveštavanje, ekološke i

socijalne performanse, održivi razvoj.
189
EU FUNDS, ENVIRONMENT AND AGRICULTURE
Faculty of Engineering Management, University Union - Nikola Tesla, 43 Vojvode

Mišića Blvd., Belgrade, Serbia
Climate change and environmental degradation are threats to the survival of Europe
and the world. Food production is mostly affected by such challenges, and, at the
same time, it is an existential need of the entire human race, spatially everywhere,
and temporally, always. In addition, the food sector is an essential part of the process
of environmental protection and of building a chain of circular economy. Rural areas
will play a vital role in achieving green transitions. The volume of the EU-27
agricultural industry is shown by the fact that it created gross value added in 2019,
slightly less than the GDP of Greece. Based on the state of the environmental
infrastructure in the Republic of Serbia, it is estimated that the total costs, for fulfilling
all the “acquis communautaire" in this area, will be around 10.6 billion euros for the
period until 2030. Allocations for environmental protection in Serbia do not exceed
0.25% of GDP per year, while most strategic documents were adopted 15 years ago,
which shows how poor the situation is in this area. A significant part of the activities to
meet the requirements of the negotiating chapter 27 must be played with the process
of "greening" food production. That is why huge financial resources are needed,
which Serbia does not have at its disposal. The EU has developed a Common
Agricultural Policy for the period 2021-2027 in which the emphasis is on the
development of rural areas and structural changes necessary for the implementation
of the European Green Agreement (Green deal). Rural areas will play a vital role in
achieving green transitions. This can be done by turning climate and environmental
challenges into opportunities, making the transition fair and inclusive for all. The EU
will continue to provide significant support to Serbia through the IPARD program,
intended to strengthen the competitiveness of the food production and processing
sector, and to help adjust to EU standards in the areas of high hygiene, food safety,
veterinary and environmental protection, and diversify of rural economies. The paper
presents financial and other indicators of the situation in agriculture in Serbia and
looks at Serbia’s place among the surrounding countries. The possibilities of
financing "green food production" from national and European funds are analyzed
and models are given for more efficient use of EU funds and for easier
accomplishment of goals that should achieve the realization of project ideas, which
the EU sets for its grants.
Keywords: environmental protection, agricultural financing, common agricultural

policy, green agreement, IPARD, EU funds.
190
EU FONDOVI, OBLAST ŽIVOTNE SREDINE I POLJOPRIVREDE
Fakultet za inženjerski menadžment, Univerzitet Union - Nikola Tesla, Bulevar

Vojvode Mišića 43, Beograd, Srbija
Klimatske promene i degradacija životne sredine su pretnje opstanku Evropi i svetu.

Proizvodnja hrane je najviše pogođena ovakvim izazovima, a ujedno je
egzistencijalna potreba celog ljudskog roda, prostorno svugde, a vremenski, uvek.
Pored toga, sektor hrane je nazaobilazan deo procesa zaštite životne sredine i
izgradnje lanca cirkularne ekonomije. Ruralna područja će imati vitalnu ulogu u
postizanju zelene tranzicije. Obim poljoprivredne industrije EU-27 pokazuje podatak
da je ona stvorila bruto dodatu vrednost u 2019. godini nešto manje od BDP-a Grčke.
Na osnovu stanja infrastrukture u životnoj sredini u Republici Srbiji, procenjuje se da
će ukupni troškovi za ispunjavanje svih pravnih tekovina EU u ovoj oblasti biti oko
10,6 milijardi evra za period do 2030. godine. Izdvajanja za zaštitu životne sredine u
Srbiji ne prelaze 0,25% BDP-a godišnje, a većina strateških dokumenata usvojena je
i pre 15 godina, što pokazuje loše stanje u ovoj oblasti. Značajan deo aktivnosti za
ostvarivanje zahteva pregovaračkog poglavlja 27 mora da se odigra procesom
“ozelenjavanja” proizvodnje hrane. Zato su potrebni ogromni finansijski resursi kojima
Srbija ne raspolaže. EU je razvila Zajedničku poljoprivrenu politiku (Common
Agricultural Policy) za period 2021-2027 u kojoj je akcenat stavljen na razvoj ruralnih
područja i strukturne promene neophodne za realizaciju evropskog Zelenog
sporazuma (Green deal). Ruralna područja će imati vitalnu ulogu u postizanju zelene
tranzicije. To se može učiniti pretvaranjem klimatskih i ekoloških izazova u
mogućnosti, čineći tranziciju pravednom i inkluzivnom za sve. Značajnu podršku Srbiji
će EU nastaviti da daje kroz IPARD program, namenjen jačanju konkurentnosti
sektora proizvodnje i prerade hrane, pomoći prilagođavanju standardima EU u
oblastima higijene, bezbednosti hrane, veterine i zaštite životne sredine, kao i
diverzifikacije ruralne ekonomije. U radu se daje prikaz finansijskih i drugih
pokazatelja stanja u poljoprivredi Srbije i sagledava njeno mesto među zemljama
okruženja. Analiziraju se mogućnosti finansiranja “zelene proizvodnje hrane” iz
nacionalnih i evropskih fondova i daju modeli za efikasnije apliciranje kod fondova EU
i lakše dostizanje ciljeva koji treba da se postignu realizacijom projektnih ideja, koje
za svoje grantove postavlja EU.
Ključne reči: zaštita životne sredine, finansiranje poljoprivrede, zajednička poljopri-

vredna politika, zeleni sporazum, IPARD, EU fondovi
191
192
Section 5
LEGAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECTS
Sekcija 5
PRAVNI I DRUŠTVENO-EKONOMSKI
ASPEKTI
CERTIFICATE OF VACCINATION AGAINST THE COVID-19 AND

THE PRINCIPLE OF EQUAL ACCESS TO JUSTICE
Ass. Prof. LL.D. Vladimir Crnjanski1, Dragan Gašić2

1Union University School of Law, Belgrade, Serbia
2Lawyer in Belgrade, Serbia
The principle of equal access to justice immanently implies the unquestionable right
of everyone to equal protection of their own rights in proceedings before courts or
other judicial bodies. This principle is also included in the European Convention for
the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (hereinafter:
Convention), ratified in Serbia in 2004, as well as in the current Constitution of the
Republic of Serbia. In Article 14 of the Convention it is stipulated that the enjoyment
of the rights and freedoms provided for in the Convention shall be ensured without
discrimination on any grounds, such as sex, race, colour, language, religion, political
or other opinion, national or social origin, affiliation with a social minority, property,
birth, or other status. Exceptionally, under exceptional circumstances, derogation is
allowed in time of war or other public emergency threatening the survival of the
nation, in which case each High Contracting Party may take measures derogating
from its obligations under the Convention to the extent strictly required by the
exigencies of the situation, provided that such measures are not inconsistent with its
other obligations under international law (Article 15, paragraph 1 of the Convention).
The non-discrimination is explicitly prescribed by the provision of Article 21 of the
Constitution of the Republic of Serbia. Before the Constitution and the law, everyone
is equal and, accordingly, everyone is entitled to equal legal protection, without
discrimination. Any discrimination, direct or indirect, on any grounds, in particular on
the grounds of race, sex, nationality, social origin, birth, religion, political or other
opinion, property, culture, language, age and mental or physical disability, is
prohibited. In this regard, equal protection of rights before courts and other state
bodies, holders of public authority and bodies of the autonomous province and local
self-government units is guaranteed (Article 36, paragraph 1 of the Constitution of the
Republic of Serbia).
Generally speaking, the principle of equal access to justice is twofold: everyone,
without exception, has access to justice under equal conditions in order to protect
their rights, and everyone should have equal procedural treatment in appropriate
proceedings. In other words, the judicial authorities have an obligation to ensure that
everyone who addresses them as competent authorities has an equal position in the
proceedings, so that the principle of equal access to justice is given its realistic
confirmation. For the full application of the principle of equal access to justice, in
addition to the normative ones, it is necessary to meet the real conditions. Socio-
economic and health conditions are non-legal elements that may affect the principle
of equal access to justice. In addition to positive impacts (such as improving access
to justice for socially and economically vulnerable groups by exempting them from the
obligation to pay court fees, etc.), negative impacts are also possible that may
compromise the principle of equal access to justice.
195
One such influence could be the potential possibility of prescribing a coronavirus

vaccination certificate as a precondition for access to justice. Therefore, the very
possibility of announcing such a measure and its normative regulation must be
analysed with special care and a serious approach. Without discussing the medical
justification of vaccination as the most appropriate health measure to combat the
COVID-19 pandemic, the possession of evidence (certificate) of coronavirus
vaccination as a precondition for access to justice would violate the principle of equal
access to justice. This would further contribute to the collapse of the basic principles
of various court proceedings, such as the principle of contradictions in civil court
proceedings in which, due to the special party construction, the principle of mutual
hearing is a fundamental procedural instrument that achieves equality of parties in the
proceedings. As long as there is a choice regarding coronavirus vaccination, parties
who do not have a certificate of such vaccination cannot be prevented from
participating in the relevant procedure as this would constitute an obvious measure of
discrimination (in particular, because there are different forms of testing, let’s say the
negative test on the presence of COVID-19 or testing that determines the number of
needed antibodies in the body, etc.). A different course of action would also call into
question the right to legal equality as a basic human right.
Keywords: the principle of equal access to justice, non-discrimination, vaccination

certificate,COVID-19
POTVRDA O VAKCINACIJI PROTIV COVID-19 I NAČELO JEDNAKE

DOSTUPNOSTI PRAVOSUĐA
Doc. Dr Vladimir Crnjanski1, Dragan Gašić2

1Pravni fakultet Univerziteta Union, Beograd, Srbija
2Advokat u Beogradu, Srbija
Načelo jednake dostupnosti pravosuđa imanentno podrazumeva neupitno pravo

svakoga na jednaku zaštitu sopstvenih prava u postupku pred sudovima ili drugim
pravosudnim organima. Ovo načelo sadržano je i u Evropskoj konvenciji o zaštiti
ljudskih prava i osnovnih sloboda (dalje u tekstu: Konvencija), ratifikovanoj u Srbiji
2004. godine, kao i u važećem Ustavu Republike Srbije. U čl. 14 Konvencije
propisano je da se uživanje prava i sloboda predviđenih u Konvenciji obezbeđuje bez
diskriminacije po bilo kom osnovu, kao što su pol, rasa, boja kože, jezik,
veroispovest, političko ili drugo mišljenje, nacionalno ili socijalno poreklo, povezanost
s nekom socijalnom manjinom, imovina, rođenje ili drugi status. Izuzetno, u
vanrednim okolnostima dozvoljeno je odstupanje u doba rata ili druge javne opasnosti
koja preti opstanku nacije, u kom slučaju svaka Visoka strana ugovornica može da
preduzme mere koje odstupaju od njenih obaveza iz Konvencije, i to u najnužnijoj
meri koju iziskuje takva situacija i pod uslovom da te mere ne budu u neskladu s
njenim drugim obavezama prema međunarodnom pravu (čl. 15, stav 1 Konvencije).
196
Zabrana diskriminacije izričito je propisana i odredbom čl. 21 Ustava Republike

Srbije. Pred Ustavom i zakonom svi su jednaki i, shodno tome, svako ima pravo na
jednaku zakonsku zaštitu, bez diskriminacije. Zabranjena je svaka diskriminacija,
neposredna ili posredna, po bilo kom osnovu, a naročito po osnovu rase, pola,
nacionalne pripadnosti, društvenog porekla, rođenja, veroispovesti, političkog ili
drugog uverenja, imovnog stanja, kulture, jezika, starosti i psihičkog ili fizičkog
invaliditeta. S tim u vezi, jemči se jednaka zaštita prava pred sudovima i drugim
državnim organima, imaocima javnih ovlašćenja i organima autonomne pokrajine i
jedinica lokalne samouprave (čl. 36, stav 1 Ustava Republike Srbije).
Uopšteno govoreći, načelo jednake dostupnosti pravosuđa dvostruko je određeno:
svakom je, dakle bez izuzetka, radi zaštite njegovih prava pod jednakim uslovima
dostupno pravosuđe i svako treba da ima jednak procesnopravni tretman u
odgovarajućem postupku. Drugim rečima, pravosudni organi imaju obavezu da
svakom ko im se obrati kao nadležnim organima obezbede jednak položaj u postupku
koji se vodi, kako bi načelo jednake dostupnosti pravosuđa dobilo svoju realnu
potvrdu. Za punu primenu načela jednake dostupnosti pravosuđa, pored normativnih,
potrebno je da se ispune i stvarni uslovi. Socioekonomski i zdravstveni uslovi
predstavljaju vanpravne elemente koji mogu da utiču na načelo jednake dostupnosti
pravosuđa. Pored pozitivnih uticaja (kao što su poboljšanje pristupa pravosuđu
socijalno i ekonomski ugroženih grupa njihovim oslobađanjem od obaveze plaćanja
sudskih taksa i sl.), mogući su i negativni uticaji koji mogu da kompromituju načelo
jednake dostupnosti pravosuđa. Jedan od takvih uticaja može da bude i potencijalna
mogućnost propisivanja potvrde o vakcinaciji protiv virusa korona kao prethodnog
uslova pristupa pravosuđu. Zbog toga se mora s posebnom pažnjom i ozbiljnim
pristupom analizirati i sama mogućnost najave ovakve mere i njenog normativnog
uređenja. Ne ulazeći u medicinsku opravdanost vakcinacije kao najpogodnije
zdravstvene mere za suzbijanje pandemije COVID-19, posedovanje dokaza (potvrde)
o vakcinaciji kao prethodnog uslova za pristup pravosudnim organima predstavljalo bi
povredu načela jednake dostupnosti pravosuđa. To bi dalje doprinelo i urušavanju
osnovnih načela različitih sudskih postupaka, recimo načela kontradiktornosti u
građansko sudskim postupcima u kojima je zbog osobene stranačke konstrukcije
načelo obostranog saslušanja temeljni procesni instrument kojim se ostvaruje
ravnopravnost stranaka u postupku. Dokle god postoji mogućnost izbora u pogledu
vakcinacije protiv virusa korona, stranke koje ne poseduju potvrdu o pomenutoj
vakcinaciji ne mogu biti onemogućene da učestvuju u odgovarajućem postupku jer bi
to predstavljalo očiglednu meru diskriminacije (posebno zbog toga što postoje različiti
oblici testiranja, recimo negativan test na prisustvo COVID-19 ili testiranje koje
određuje količinu potrebnih antitela u organizmu i sl.). Drugačije postupanje dovelo bi
u pitanje i pravo na pravnu jednakost kao osnovno ljudsko pravo.
Ključne reči: načelo jednake dostupnosti pravosuđa, zabrana diskriminacije, potvrda

o vakcinaciji, COVID-19
197
TAX POLICY AT THE TIME OF COVID-19 IN SERBIA AND ITS IMPACT

ON THE ECONOMY
Prof. dr Vesna Aleksić
Faculty of Law, University of Business Academy in Novi Sad, Serbia
The World Health Organization has declared a pandemic - Covid-19, which affects
the lives of many people around the planet. We are facing a global health and social
crisis. In all countries of the world, the executive has prescribed programs of
economic and tax measures to reduce the economic and social consequences of
pandemics caused by coronavirus. The consequences that this crisis has on the way
people and organizations function are still incalculable, we know that there are major
disturbances in all spheres of life, and on a global level. However, this crisis can also
be an opportunity to learn from it and make positive changes for the future. At the
time of the sudden appearance of pandemic COVID-19, the OECD Secretariat issued
recommendations with the aim of providing assistance to tax administrations. The
recommendations do not contain specific measures, they already define the goals
that tax administrations should achieve. As we stated, the World Health Organization
declared a pandemic of Covid - 19, and after that a state of emergency was
introduced in Serbia. The government has taken a number of measures to control the
spread of the virus and to reduce the effects of the corona virus. In addition to
economic measures, the Republic of Serbia has adopted financial measures,
measures to protect the population from pandemics and tax measures. The Tax
Administration has implemented all measures and actions prescribed by laws and
acts of the RS Government adopted during the state of emergency, primarily those
activities that are most fiscally generous, as well as those activities that facilitate
business taxpayers in a state of emergency in terms of liquidity and other aspects.
business. It was important to ensure the continuity of business of critical functions, as
well as to provide conditions of protection for employees, all the time during the
coronary virus pandemic.
Keywords: tax policy, tax administration, public administration, pandemic COVID 19,
OECD
198
PORESKA POLITIKA U VREME COVIDA-19 U SRBIJI I NJEN UTICAJ NA

EKONOMIJU
Prof. dr Vesna Aleksić
Pravni fakultet Univerziteta Privredna akademija u Novom Sadu, Srbija
Svetska zdravstvena organizacija je proglasila pandemiju Covid-19, koja utiče na

živote mnogih ljudi širom naše Planete. Suočavamo se sa ekonomskom,
zdravstvenom i socijalnom krizom svetskih razmera. U svim zemljama u svetu,
izvršne vlasti su propisale programe ekonomskih i poreskih mera radi smanjenja
ekonomskih i društvenih posledica pandemije izazvane koronavirusom. Još uvek su
nesagledive posledice koje ova kriza ima na način na koji ljudi i organizacije
funkcionišu, znamo da su u pitanju veliki poremećaji u svim sferama života i to na
globalnom planu. Ipak ova kriza može biti i prilika da se iz nje izvuku pouke i naprave
pozitivne promene za budućnost. U vreme iznenadne pojave COVID-19, Sekretarijat
OECD je doneo preporuke sa ciljem da pruži pomoć poreskim administracijama.
Preporuke ne sadrže konkretne mere, već definišu ciljeve koje poreske administracije
treba da ostvare. Kao što smo naveli, Svetska zdravstvena organizacija je proglasila
pandemiju Covid -19, a nakon toga je u Srbiji uvedeno vanredno stanje. Vlada je
donela niz mera u cilju kontrole širenja virusa i u cilju smanjenja posledica izazvanih
pandemijom. Pored ekonomskih, Republika Srbija je donela finansijske mere, mere
za zaštitu stanovništva od pandemije i poreske mere. Poreska administracija je
sprovodila sve mere i radnje propisane zakonima i aktima Vlade RS donetim za
vreme vanrednog stanja, a prvenstveno one aktivnosti koje su fiskalno najizdašnije,
kao i one aktivnosti koje olakšavaju poslovanje poreskim obveznicima u uslovima
vanrednog stanja kako u delu likvidnosti tako i u drugim aspetima poslovanja.
Značajno je bilo obezbediti kontinuitet poslovanja kritičnih funkcija, kao i obezbediti
uslove zaštite za zaposlene, sve vreme tokom trajanja pandemije korona virusa.
Ključne reči: poreska politika, poreska administracija, državna uprava, pandemija

korona virus, OECD
199
CRIMINAL PROTECTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT IN THE EUROPEAN

UNION
Dragana Lazić1, Živanka Miladinović Bogavac1, Jelena Vuković1,

Aleksandar Damnjanovic1, Slobodan Petrović2
1Facultyof Business and Law, University MB, Belgrade, Serbia
2Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Business Academy, Novi Sad, Serbia
Criminal protection of the environment is an instrument of environmental protection

that derives from international documents on environmental protection, and it has
been especially accepted and started to develop within the framework of EU law. The
Directive for the Protection of the Environment through Criminal Law from 2008 was
adopted in response to increasingly serious forms of endangering and destroying the
environment, which required precise incrimination and definition of environmental
crimes and determination of criminal sanctions for perpetrators. As directives are acts
of secondary legislation of the Union which harmonizes the national rights of the
Member States, this Directive has enabled criminal offenses against the environment
to be accepted, incriminated and prosecuted in the same or similar manner in all
Member States of the Union with the determination of effective, proportionate and
dissuasive criminal sanctions for legal and natural persons. Thus, air, water, soil, flora
and fauna pollution as a result of ionizing radiation, inadequate waste management,
operation of facilities where hazardous activities take place, activities with nuclear
materials, significant damage to habitats within protected areas and ozone depletion,
are criminalized as nine special criminal offenses for which incrimination is mandatory
in national criminal systems.
The incrimination of crimes against the environment in the EU has also influenced
their acceptance and introduction into the legal systems of candidate countries. This
stems from the obligation to accept the acquis communautaire during the
implementation of the Stabilization and Association Agreement with the associated
countries, and especially after obtaining candidate status and opening membership
negotiations within the negotiating chapters.
Keywords: criminal protection, endangering the environment, environmental crimes.
200
KRIVIČNO PRAVNA ZAŠTITA ŽIVOTNE SREDINE U EVROPSKOJ UNIJI
Dragana Lazić1, Živanka Miladinović Bogavac1, Jelena Vuković1,

Aleksandar Damnjanovic1, Slobodan Petrović2
1Poslovni i pravni fakultet, Univerzitet MB, Beograd, Srbija
2Fakultet društvenih nauka, Univerzitet Privredna akademija, Novi Sad, Srbija
Krivičnopravna zaštita životne sredine je instument zaštite životne sredine koji

proizlazi iz međunarodnih dokumenata o zaštiti životne sredine a naročito je
prihvačen i počeo da se razija u okviru prava EU. Direktiva za zaštitu životne sredine
putem krivičnog prava iz 2008. godine je donešena kao odgovor na sve teže oblike
ugrožavanja i uništavanja životne sredine koje su zahtevale preciznu inkriminaciju i
definisanje ekoloških krivičnih dela i određivanje krivičnih sankcija za počinioce
krivičnih dela. Imajući u vidu da su direktive akti sekundarnog zakonodavstva Unije
kojim se usklađuju nacionalna prava država članica ova direktiva je omogućila da
krivična dela protiv životne sredine budu prihvačena, inkriminisana i procesuirana na
isti ili sličan način u svim državama članicama Unije uz određivanje efikasnih,
proporcionalnih i odvraćajućih krivičnih sankcija za pravna i fizička lica. Time su
zagađenje vazduha, vode, zemljišta, flore i faune kao rezultat ispuštanja jonizirajućeg
zračenja, neadekvatno upravljnje otpadom, rad postrojenja gde se odvija opasna
delatnost, aktivnosti sa nuklearnim materijama, značajno narušavanje staništa unutar
zaštičenih područja i radnje uništavanja ozonskog omotača, inkriminisana kao 9
posebna krivična dela za koje je obavezna inkriminacija u nacionalnim krivičnim
sistemima.
Inkriminacija krivičnih dela protiv životne sredine u EU je uticala i na njihovo
prihvatanje i unošenje u pravne sisteme država kandidata za članstvo. To proizlazi iz
obaveze prihvatanja pravnih tekovina (acquis communautaire) EU tokom sprovođenja
sporazuma o stabilizaciji i pridruživanju pridruženih država, a posebno nakon
dobijanja statusa kandidata i otvaranja pregovora za članstvo u okviru pregovaračkih
poglavlja.
Kjučne reči: krivičnopravna zaštita, ugrožavanje životne sredine, ekološka krivična

dela.
201
SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF TRADE COMPANIES DURING

Nenad Kojić1, Radmila Micić2, Maja Staletović3

1Academy of Vocational Studies of Kosovo and Metohija, Leposavić, Serbia
2Faculty
of Economics, University of Prishtina with temporary headquarters in
Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
3Business School of Vocational Studies "Prof. Dr. Radomir Bojković", Kruševac,
Serbia
The presence of corona virus illustrates one of the most significant changes in the
modern environment and it is likely that it would cause consequences in economic,
social and other civic implication. Some of them are already visible in the trade
sector. The economic consequences which are reflected in the closure of a large
number of stores, layoffs, reduction of wages, shortening of working hours, declining
demand for goods, at some point, put in the shadow the initiative of business
companies to act in line with the concept of sustainable development. On the other
hand, the crisis caused by the corona virus pandemic has a significant impact on
consumers, their habits, expectations and shopping opportunities. In view of the fact
that consumers are significantly interested in socially responsible companies, the aim
of this research is to determine consumers’ stance towards social responsibility of
trade companies during the corona virus’ pandemic. For the realization of the
research and in order to collect necessary data, the unique questionnaire was
constructed.
Keywords: pandemic COVID-19, changes, social responsibility, consumer, trade

companies
202
SOCIJALNA ODGOVORNOST TRGOVINSKIH PREDUZEĆA ZA VREME

PANDEMIJE COVID-19
Nenad Kojić1, Radmila Micić2, Maja Staletović3

1Akademijastrukovnih studija Kosovsko-metohijska, Leposavić, Srbija
2Ekonomski fakultet Univerziteta u Prištini sa privremenim sedištem u Kosovskoj
Mitrovici, Srbija
3Visoka poslovna škola strukovnih studija „Prof. dr Radomir Bojković“, Kruševac, Srbija
Pandemija COVID-19 predstavlja jednu od najznačajnijih promena savremenog

okruženja koja uslovljava niz ekonomskih, socijalnih ali i drugih opštedruštvenih
posledica. Neke od njih su već očigledne i u sektoru trgovine. Ekonomske posledice
koje se ogledaju u zatvaranju velikog broja malih trgovinskih objekata, otpuštanju
radnika, smanjenju plata, skraćivanju radnog vremena, smanjenoj potražnji za
određenom vrstom robe, donekle u drugi plan stavljaju inicijative za poslovanje
trgovinskih preduzeća u skladu sa konceptom održivog razvoja. Sa druge strane,
kriza izazvana pandemijom korona virusa ima značajan uticaj i na potrošače, njihove
navike, očekivanja i mogućnosti kupovine. S obzirom da je poznato da su porošači u
značajnoj meri zainteresovani za društveno odgovorno ponašanje preduzeća, cilj
istraživanja je utvrđivanje stavova potrošača u vezi sa socijalnom odgovornosti
trgovinskih preduzeća tokom pandemije COVID-19. Zarad realizacije istraživanja
konstruisan je originalan upitnik pomoću kojeg su prikupljeni neophodni podaci.
Ključne reči: pandemija COVID-19, promene, socijalna odgovornost, potrošač,

trgovinska preduzeća.
203
ANALYSIS OF MEDIA COVERAGE ON THE ENVIRONMENT IN DAILY

NEWSPAPERS IN THE PERIOD OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Aleksandra Vuković1, Milovan Vuković2, Nada Štrbac2, Danijela Voza2

In the last year, during the COVID-19 pandemic, a call for envronmental protection
has not vanished. It is a well-known fact that communication represents an effective
tool for encouraging the public to engage in various practices of environmental
management. Among different communication tools, the press seems to be an
important channel for distributing information dealing with the environment. The
objective of this study is to explore the news coverage of environmental issues in
Serbian influential daily newspapers: Politika and Danas. In order to carry out this
research task, a mixed methodological approach was applied, by using both the
qualitative and quantitavie methods. Primary data were gathered through content
analysis. The obtained results show that press has demonstated its power to spread
ideas and encourage readers’ awareness of pressing issues. In the investigated
period, press reflected the diversity of environmental issues objectively, honestly and
from multi-faced approach, acting often as a critical channel – focusing on
weaknesses and alternative solutions. The ways of representation of environmental
issues in these three newspapers were different significantly in terms: first of all,
extent of coverage, types of environmental issues, level of prominence, and critial
view of goverments’ efforts in environmental policy shaping. It is obvious that Politika,
the oldest Serbian newspaper, stands out due to its long-lasting commitment to
environmental themes.
Keywords: environmental awareness, analysis, values, behavior, Serbia.
204
ANALIZA MEDIJSKIH SADRŽAJA O ŽIVOTNOJ SREDINI U DNEVNOJ

ŠTAMPI U VREME PANDEMIJE COVID-19
Aleksandra Vuković1, Milovan Vuković2, Nada Štrbac2, Danijela Voza2

Tokom protekle godinu dana, u vreme pandemije virusom korona (Kovid-19),

zalaganja za zaštitom životne sredinne nisu iščezla. Poznata je činjenica da
kominikacija predstavlja efektivno sredstvo za podsticanje javnosti da se uključi u
različite prakse ekološkog menadžmenta. Štampa je, među ostalim komunikacionim
sredstvima, čini se značajan kanal za širenje informacija o životnoj sredini. Cilj ovog
rada je da se istraži prisustvo sadržaja o živornoj sredini u uticajnim dnevnim
listovima u Srbiji (Politika, Danas i Večernje novosti). U nastojanju da se obavi ovaj
istraživački zadatak, primenjen je mešoviti metodološki pristup, korišćenjem i
kvalitativnih i kvantitativnih metoda. Primarni podaci su sakupljeni metodom analize
sadržaja. Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da je štampa demonstrirala njenu moć širenja
ideja i podizanja svesti svojih čitalaca o aktuelnim pitanjima zaštite životne sredine.
Kroz sadržaje štampe je tokom istraživanog perioda zahvaćeno mnoštvo pitanja na
objektivan, vrednosno uravnotežen i višedimenzionalan način, uz zauzimanje
kritičkog odnosa prema slabostima postojećih mera i predlaganje mogućih rešenja.
Načini predstavljanja ekoloških tema u ova tri dnevna lista razlikuju se značajno: pre
svega, u pogledu obima sadržaja, tematske raznovrsnosti, nivoa značajnosti i
kritičkog sagledavanja vladinih napora u oblikovanju ekološke politike. Jasno je da se
Politika, najstariji srpski dnevni list, izdvaja svojom dogoročnom posvećenošću
ekološkoj problematici.
Ključne reči: ekološka svest, analiza, vrednosti, ponašanje, COVID-19, Srbija.
205
WHAT LESSONS ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHALLENGES HAS BEEN

GIVEN TO US BY THE PANDEMIC COVID-19?
Prof. Dr. Ana Anufrijev1, Prof. Dr. Goran Dašić2

1Business School, Higher Education Institution for Applied Studies, Belgrade, Serbia
2Modern Business School, Terazije 27, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
The COVID-19 virus pandemic has caused an unprecedented global crisis. The world
and international organizations, as well as all national governments, are united in
their capacities, targeting the three important segments most affected by the crisis:
health care, humanitarian activities and the socio-economic response. Health is
without a doubt in the first place, and health systems have been given priority in the
fight against the pandemic. On their backs, health systems around the world have
taken on the most important role in fighting the virus. The same situation is in Serbia,
where health workers have been on the front line of defense for more than a year,
saving lives and treating the sick. The crisis, on the other hand, has created a sense
of responsibility and care for others and the environment. Although it will undoubtedly
leave lasting consequences on the psychological and emotional status of each of us,
it has influenced the development of empathy, human relationships, finding new
values and new disciplines. However, the pandemic caused a crisis, so despite the
measures of national public finances, many companies fired workers, who lost their
jobs, which created a new framework for social actions of the competent services.
Elderly people and users of social accommodation were quarantined for a year. It is
certain that job losses will continue to occur on a larger scale than before the
pandemic, and that social assistance will be needed by a larger number of individuals
and families. The school system has also changed. No level of education in Serbia
has started working on the principle before the pandemic and it is not in sight that it
will return to the "old way" in the near future. The recovery of the economy will be
long and arduous. The workspace in many corporations has changed. The activities
for which it was possible to organize work according to the principle of working from
home. This brings with it a number of unsolvable problems for both business and
employees.
We are witnesses that no segment of life, economy, environment and habits has
remained immune to the pandemic and is under its strong influence. We are
witnessing that the forces are running out, and this is especially true for health
workers. The extent to which further socio-economic developments will occur at this
time is difficult to predict, because the pandemic has no end in sight. The problem is
complex and multidisciplinary and its solution will have to take place step by step.
Keywords: pandemic, crisis, health care, unemployment, preparedness, pandemic,

COVID-19, social challenges
206
КАКВЕ ЛЕКЦИЈЕ O СОЦИО-ЕКОНОМСКIM ИЗАЗОВIMA НАМ ЈЕ ДАЛА

ПАНДЕМИЈА CОVID-19?
Проф. Др Aна Ануфријев1, Проф. Др Горан Дашић2

1Висока пословна Школа струковних студија „Чачак“, Земун, Србија
2Висока школа модерног бизниса, Теразије 27, Београд, Србија
Пандемија Ковид-19 узроковала је глобалну кризу без преседана. Свет и

међународне организације, као и све националне владе уједињене су у својим
капацитетима, и таргетиране на три важна сегмента која је криза највише
погодила: здравствена заштита, хуманитарна делатност и социо-економски
одговор. Здравље је без сумње на првом месту. Због тога здравственим
системима у борби против пандемије дата је предност хитног проритета. На
својим леђима, здравствени системи у целом свету преузели су најважнију
улогу у борби против пандемије Ковид-19. Иста ситуација је и у Србији, где се
зрравствени радници већ више од годину дана налазе на првој линији одбране
и спашавају животе и лече оболеле. Криза је са друге стране, створила осећај
одговорности и бриге за ближње и за окружење. Иако ће без сумње она
оставити трајне последице на психолошко-емотивни статус свакога од нас, она
је утицала на развој емпатије, људских односа, проналажења нових вредности и
нових дисциплина. Међутим, пандемија је изазвала кризу, па су и поред мера
националних јавних финансија, многа предузећа отпустила раднике, који су
остали без посла, што је створило нов оквир за социјална деловања надлежних
служби. Старе особе и корисници социјалних смештаја били су затворени у
карантину годину дана. Извесно је да ће се губитак радних места и у будућности
дешавати у већем обиму него пре пандемије, те да ће социјална помоћ бити
неопходна већем броју појединаца и породица. Промењен је и школски систем.
Ниједан ниво образовања у Србији није почео да функционише као пре
пандемије и не назире се да ће се у блиској будућности вратити „на старо“.
Опоравак привреде биће дуг и мукотрпан. Промењен је радни простор у многим
корпорацијама. Делатности за које је то било могуће организовати раде по
принципу рада од куће. То са собом доноси бројне проблеме и за посао и за
запослене.
Сведоци смо да ни један сегмент живота, привреде, окружења и навика није
остао имун на пандемију и под њеним је јаким утицајем. Сведоци смо да су
снаге на измаку, а посебно се то односи на здравствене раднике. У којој мери ће
се даља социо-економска кретања одвијати у овом тренутку је тешко
предвидети, јер се ни пандемији не назире крај. Проблем је сложен и
мултидисциплинаран и његово решавање мораће да се одвија корак по корак.
Кључне речи: пандемија, криза, здравствена заштита, незапосленост, соци-

јални изазови, спремност
207
THE IMPORTANCE OF SOCIAL ACCEPTANCE OF RENEWABLE

ENERGY SOURCES FOR THE REALIZATION OF SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT GOALS IN THE PANDEMIC PERIOD
Milovan Vuković1, Njegoš Dragović1, Nada Štrbac1, Aleksandra Vuković2

The Sustainable Development Goals are a universal call to eradicate poverty, protect the
environment and ensure peace and prosperity for all. Of the 17 goals of sustainable
development, special emphasis is placed on available and renewable energy, which in the
period of social crisis can contribute to the reduction of energy hazards, harmful effects on
health, water, air and soil pollution, and then indirectly on collective immunity. Renewable
energy sources, used for the production of electricity or heat, can decrease cosumptionof
oil, gasoline or gas, as well as the need for new thermal power plants, which reduces the
effects of pollution. The paper considers the dimensions of RES acceptance on the basis
of analyses of projects directed to the use geothermal resources. The influence of the
market, socio-political and local spheres are recognized as important factors of
acceptance, in order for geothermal exploitation projects to meet energy needs.
Keywords: Social acceptance, renewable energy sources, projects, geothermal energy.
ZNAČAJ SOCIJALNE PRIHVAĆENOSTI OBNOVLJIVIH IZVORA ENERGIJE ZA

REALIZACIJU CILJEVA ODRŽIVOG RAZVOJA U PERIODU PANDEMIJE
Milovan Vuković1, Njegoš Dragović1, Nada Štrbac1, Aleksandra Vuković2

Ciljevi održivog razvoja su univerzalni za iskorenjivanje siromaštva, zaštitu životne sredine

i obezbeđivanje mira i prosperiteta za sve. Među 17 ciljeva održivog razvoja posebno se
ističe dostupna i obnovljiva energija koja u periodu društvenih kriza može doprineti
smanjenju energetskih hazarda, štetnih efekata po zdravlje, zagađenje vode, vazduha i
zemljišta, a onda indirektno i na podizanje kolektivnog imuniteta ljudi. Korišćenje
obnovljivih izvora energije za proizvodnju električne ili toplotne energije može da smanji
potrošnju nafte, benzina ili gasa, kao i potrebu za uvećanjem broja termoelektrana, što
povoljno utiče na smanjenje zagađenja vazduha i predstavlja doprinos rešenju problema
klimatskih promena.U radu su razmatrane dimenzije socijalne prihvaćenosti OIE; pre
svega na osnovu analize projekata u oblasti primene geotermalnih resursa. Uticaj tržišta,
socio-političke i lokalne sfere se prepoznaju kao važni činioci prihvaćenosti, kako bi
projekti korišćenja geotermalnih voda zadovoljili energetske potrebe.
Ključne reči: socijalna prihvaćenost, obnovljivi izvori energije, projekti, geotermalna

energija.
208
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY INITIATIVES IN RESPONSE TO

Saša Virijević Jovanović1, Suzana Doljanica1, Dragana Nešović2
1Faculty of Applied Management, Economics and Finance, Belgrade, Serbia
2Faculty of Law, Security and Management "Constantine the Great", Nis, Serbia
The paper explores the role of corporate social responsibility (CSR) during the COVID-19
pandemic and its implications on customer relations. Methodological framework of the paper
combined literature review and correlation as the most dominant methods that provided
scientific insight regarding the social responsibility initiatives and business practice during
the pandemic. The empirical research was conducted from May to August 2020, on the
sample of 37 companies in Serbia. The aim of the study was to demonstrate CSR initiatives
that the respondent companies undertaken in response to the coronavirus (COVID-19)
pandemic. The paper has particularly analysed external CSR practice that affected
customers as important stakeholders, whose behaviour was directly involved in health
procedures and measures during the pandemic. The findings indicated that all companies
that participated in this survey have applied CSR initiatives in their customer relations in
respect of health measures during the pandemic. The majority of respondents specified
disinfection of spaces and products and online support as the main commercial measures
that were applied in accordance to corporate social responsibility.
Keywords: COVID-19, corporate social responsibility, CSR initiatives, customer commitment.
INICIJATIVE KORPORATIVNE DRUŠTVENE ODGOVORNOSTI KAO

ODGOVOR NA COVID-19 PANDEMIJU
Saša Virijević Jovanović1, Suzana Doljanica1, Dragana Nešović2
1Fakultet za primenjeni menadžment ekonomiju i finansije, Beograd, Srbija
2Fakultet za pravo, bezbednost i menadžment “Konstantin Veliki”, Niš, Srbija
Rad istražuje ulogu korporativne društvene odgovornosti (CSR) tokom pandemije

COVID-19 i njene implikacije na odnose sa potrošačima. Metodološki okvir rada zasniva se
na pregledu literature i metodu korelacije, koji su obezbedili naučni uvid u inicijative
društvene odgovornosti i poslovnu praksu tokom pandemije. Empirijsko istraživanje
sprovedeno je od maja do avgusta 2020. godine, na uzorku od 37 kompanija u Srbiji. Cilj
istraživanja je bio da se ukaže na inicijative korporativne društvene odgovornosti, koje su
ispitane kompanije preduzele kao odgovor na Covid-19 pandemiju. U radu je posebno
analizirana eksterna praksa društvene odgovornosti, koja je uticala na potrošače kao
značajne stejkholdere, čije je ponašanje u direktnoj vezi sa zdravstvenim procedurama i
merama tokom pandemije. Rezultati su pokazali da su sve kompanije, koje su učestvovale u
istraživanju primenile CSR inicijative u svojim relacijama sa potrošačima, a u cilju
poštovanja zdravstvenih mera tokom pandemije. Većina ispitanika navela je dezinfekciju
površina i proizvoda i onlajn podršku kao ključne komercijalne mere koje su primenjene u
sklopu korporativne društvene odgovornosti.
Ključne reči: COVID -19, korporativna društvena odgovornost, CSR inicijative, posvećenost
potrošaču.
209
SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC SEEED

FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF LAW
Prof. Dr Vladan Joldžić
Institute for Criminological and Sociological Research, Belgrade, Serbia
In the past year, our research attention, as a representative of legal sciences, has
been attracted by the issue of production and response to socio-economic aspects
caused by the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Namely, our previous long-term
research has indicated a number of socio-economic parameters important for
people's lives as well as for achieving the so-called sustainable development, but also
their great dependence on the legal approach to the relevant parameters. In our
scientific work so far, we have already pointed out the necessity of adequate
treatment of numerous parameters at the level of international law, primarily
international public law, but also the law of sovereign states. And also that a number
of necessary elements have already been formed, as, first of all, the political and
legal efforts of the member states of the United Nations, and not only the United
Nations itself, but also numerous international organizations that are at the same time
within a kind of framework of the UN itself. The efforts in question are crowned with
international, both political and, starting from them, acts of a legislative nature. And
that by acts which, in the most general and then already subject-oriented way, speak
about human rights, including those that depend on the state and development of
economies, but also on the protection of human health. In our analytical approach to
the problems, we noticed that sovereign states, neither in mutual cooperation nor
within their territories, although they did their best, did not form and implement
sufficiently effective legislative elements and apparatus that would really help
prevention and combat with infections, like this induced through COVID-19. And also
that neither the public nor the participants in the functioning of the administrative and
economic apparatus do not know enough about what exists in the legislation. Hence,
our goal is to point this out with our work.
Keywords: pandemic, economy, socio-economic aspects, legal approach.
210
СОЦИОЕКОНОМСКИ АСПЕКТИ ПАНДЕМИЈЕ COVID-19 САГЛЕДАНИ

ИЗ УГЛА ПРАВА
Проф. Др Владан Јолџић
Институт за криминолошка и социолошка истраживања, Београд, Србија
У протеклих годину дана нашу истраживачку пажњу, као посленику правних

наука, привукло је и питање реаговања на социоекономске аспекте изазване
појавом COVID-19 пандемије. Наиме, наша претходна дугогодишња
истраживања указала су на низ социоекономских параметара од значаја за
живот људи као и за остваривање такозваног одрживог развоја, али и на њихову
велику зависност од правног приступа дотичним параметрима. У досадашњем
научном раду смо већ указали на неопходност адекватног третмана бројних
параметара на нивоу међународног права, пре свега међународног јавног
права, али и права суверених држава. А такође да су бројни неопходни
елементи већ формирани, како, по најпре, политичко-правним напорима држава
чланица Уједињених нација, и то не само самих Уједињених нација, већ и
бројних међународних организација које су истовремено унутар својеврсног
оквира самих УН. Дотични напори крунисани су међународним, како политичке
тако, управо полазећи од њих, и актима легислативне природе. И то актима који,
на најопштији те потом уже предметно оријентисани начин, говоре о правима
људи, па тако и оним која зависе и од стања и развоја економија, али и о
заштити здравља људи. У свом аналитичком приступу проблемима уочили смо
да суверене државе, ни у међусобној сарадњи али ни унутар својих територија,
иако се јесу у много чему потрудиле, нису формирале и примениле довољно
ефикасних легислативних елемената али и апарата који би заиста ваљано
помогли у спречавању и сузбијању зараза попут ове изазване путем COVID-а-
19. А такође и да ни јавност али ни учесници у функционисању
административних и економских апарата ни то што постоји у легислатури не
познају довољно. Отуда је наш циљ да на то радом и укажемо.
Кључне речи: пандемија, привреда, социoекономски аспекти, правни приступ.
211
THE IMPACT OF LEGAL PROTECTION OF INNOVATIONS ON

COMPANY'S COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE
prof. dr Gordana Ljubojević1, prof. dr Čedomir Ljubojević2,

doc. dr Nina Maksimović2
1Business School of Vocational Studies, Novi Sad, Serbia
2College of Modern Business, Belgrade, Serbia
New technologies, sophisticated knowledge and information are the foundation of

modern economy. They bring a competitive advantage in the market and for that
reason must necessarily be the subject of legal protection. Competitors in the market
very often try to illegally and unfairly take the information of another economic entity.
The most endangered are companies whose business is based on innovations
(information theft, unauthorized duplication, industrial espionage, and breach of
contract). As mechanisms for the protection of information, knowledge and
technology, in addition to intellectual property rights, legal regulations of trade secrets
are most often used, which is the subject of this paper. This type of legal protection is
considered to be the oldest, simplest, and often the cheapest. And despite the great
importance it has for the economy, trade secrets are an institute that has not been
sufficiently researched, due to the poise with patnets. The aim of this paper is to
provide an analysis of trade secrets as well as their importance for the company
competitiveness, especially in the environmental sector, based on available national
and European regulations, as well as examples in practice.
Keywords: trade secret, analysis, innovation, competitiveness, legal protection, EU

directives.
212
UTICAJ PRAVNE ZAŠTITE INOVACIJA NA KONKURENTSKU

PREDNOST PRIVREDNOG DRUŠTVA
prof. dr Gordana Ljubojević1, prof. dr Čedomir Ljubojević2,

doc. dr Nina Maksimović2
1Visoka poslovna škola strukovnih studija, Novi Sad, Srbija
2Visoka škola modernog biznisa, Beograd, Srbija
Nove tehnologije, sofisticirana znanja i informacije predstavljau temelje na kojima se

zasniva savremena privreda. Upravo oni donose konkurentsku prednost na tržištu i iz
tog razloga nužno moraju biti predmet zaštite. Konkurenti na tržištu vrlo često
pokušavaju da nezakonito i nepošteno prisvoje informacije drugog privrednog
subjekta. Najugroženija su privredna društva čije se poslovanje zasniva na
inovacijama (krađa informacija, neovlašćeno umnožavanje, industrijska špijunaža,
kršenje ugovornih odredaba). Kao mehanizmi zaštite informacija, znanja i tehnologija
najčešće se pored prava intelektualne svojine, koristi i pravna regulativa poslovne
tajne, što je i predmet ovog rada. Ovaj vid pravne zaštite se smatra najstarijim,
najjednostavnijim, a često i najjeftinijim. I uprkos velikom značaju koji ima za privredu,
poslovne tajne su institut koji nije dovoljno istražen, zbog poistovećivanja sa
patentima. Cilj ovog rada je da na osnovu dostupne nacionalne i evropske regulative,
kao i primera u praksi, pruži analizu poslovne tajne kao i njen značaj za
konkurentnost privrednog društva posebno u sektoru zaštite životne sredine.
Ključne reči: poslovna tajna, analiza, inovacije, konkurentnost, regulativa EU.
213
DISTANCE E-LEARNING DURING COVID-19 WITH IOT BIOLOGICAL

FEEDBACK
Academician William Sarian, Rodion Yakoubovsky, PhD

Scientific Research Institute of Radio (FSUE), Moscow, Russia
IoT in distance learning and self-education allow to increase the efficiency of studying
up to 20% more. During the video lesson the IoT devices are monitoring the level of
concentration and brain activity. At the periods of tiredness and at the important
moments of the lecture course the DDM signals will switch the brain into the active
state. DDM IoT e-learning system allows to monitor and control the personal
concentration level during the video lesson, keep the brain in active state and
evaluate the personalised overall learning process.Distance Learning and self
education are becoming more and more popular in our days. The main problem is
that it is impossible to have an instant feedback between the teacher and a student.
During the face-to-face lesson the teacher could visually control the level of attention
of the auditory and adopt process accordingly. During the distance learning this
control is missing. More over, the level of attention is very personalised and depends
on many factors and vary during the time. IOT devices together with the modern
digital technologies can make this process more efficient and provide the attention
control to create the best learning pattern for each person. Learning data including
video lessons, audio, e-books, presentation are presenting on the personal computer
or planchet of the student. At the same time the BFB IoT device is monitoring the
EEG brain activity during the lesson. When the level of EEG frequencies in beta (14-
45 Hz) band is falling the DDM module starts to insert stimulation signals in to the
learning data. Stimulation of the brain in the beta range can increase awareness
levels, attention, short-term and long-term memory.The usage of IOT together with
the modern education learning technology (DDM) in distance learning and self
education allow to increase the efficiency of studying up to 20% more. During the
video lesson the IOT devices are monitoring the level of concentration and brain
activity. At the periods of tiredness and at the important moments of the lecture
course the DDM signals will switch the brain into the active state. DDM IoT e-
learning system allows to monitor and control the personal concentration level during
the video lesson, keep the brain in active state and evaluate the personalised overall
learning process. The processed video beta frequencies enables stimulation without
the use of additional equipment, thereby expanding the scope of application. In the
learning process the use of modulated files showed an increase of the audience's
attention in the critical moments of fatigue and showed more efficient perception of
the material by 40%; the overall level of long-term memory 35%.
Keywords: Digital Dynamic Modulation (DDM), Biological feedback (BFB), distance

learning, pandemic, COVID-19
214
PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS OF FORMING PROENVIRONMENTAL

ATTITUDES WITH CHILDREN
Emilija Marković, Sladjana Vidosavljević, Jelena Krulj, Nataša Mladenović

Faculty for Teachers Education Prizren - Leposavić, Serbia
One of the main requests of the modern society, for its surviving, is forming of socially
responsible behavior toward endangered life environment. One can meet every day
the problem of pollution, global warming, reduction of the ozone layer and many
others. So, it is very important influencing on the youngest generations to develop
attitudes which will contribute to the high consciousness about the need of nature
protecting and the way of acting toward it. In that sense, today and because of the
future, we have to work active on developing of proenvironmental attitudes with
children which will be manifested in proenvironmental behavior tomorrow. Developing
of cognitive component of the attitude requests implantation of knowledge about the
nature to children, its benefits, but also about its requests and inseparability of the
man from it, which influences on forming of affective relation of the child to it, the
feeling of attachment to the life environment which becomes the component of the
value. Attitudes with their conative component initiate individual action. Today in
pandemic of COVID-19 and unresolved question of its origins, it is specifically
stressed as the need. Is the virus made artificially in laboratories or it has natural
origin as the answer of the nature to the human`s relation to it? Some researches
show that children in early grades of the primary school understand the phenomenon
of pollution of the environment, but they still do not understand the causes of these
events. So, even there is no many researches about this problem, we think that it is
important to make the analysis of present knowledge about psychological factors of
influence on development of proenvironmental attitudes with children.
Keywords: proenvironmental attitudes, proenvironmental behavior, pandemic, COVID-

19, identification, self-efficiency
215
ПСИХОЛОШКИ ФАКТОРИ ФОРМИРАЊА ПРОЕНВИРОМЕНТАЛНИХ

СТАВОВА КОД ДЕЦЕ
Емилија Марковић, Слађана Видосављевић, Јелена Круљ,

Наташа Младеновић
Учитељски факултет Призрен - Лепосавић, Србија
Један од кључних захтева модерног друштва, а зарад његовог опстанка, јесте

формирање социјално одговорног понашања према увелико угроженој животној
средини. Свакодневно се срећемо са проблемима загађења, глобалног
загревања, смањења озонског омотача и многим другим. Стога је од
превасходног значаја утицање на најмлађе генерације да развију ставове који
ће доприносити високој свести о потреби заштите природе и начину опхођења
према њој. У том смислу данас, а зарад будућности, морамо активно радити на
развоју проенвироменталних ставова код деце који би се сутра манифестовали
у проенвироменталном понашању. Развој когнитивне компоненте става захтева
од околине усађивање знања детету о природи, њеним благодетима, али и
њеним захтевима и нераздвојности човека од ње, што утиче и на успостављање
афективног односа детета према њој, осећања привржености животној средини
која постаје саставни део вредности. Ставови са својом конативном
компонентом иницирају и деловање индивидуе. Ово се посебно истиче као
потреба у садашње време пандемије COVID-19 и неразрешеног питања порекла
вируса. Је ли он настао вештачки у лабораторијама или је природног порекла,
као одговор природе на однос човека према њој. Нека истраживања показују да
деца у првим разредима основне школе разумеју феномен загађења животне
средине, чак знају и за различите врсте загађења, али још увек не спознају
узроке тих дешавања. Стога, иако нема много истраживања која се баве овим
проблемом, сматрамо значајним анализу садашњих сазнања о психолошким
факторима утицаја на развој проенвироменталних ставова код деце.
Кључне речи: проенвироментални ставови, проенвироментално понашање,

pandemija, COVID-19, идентификација, самоефикасност.
216
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY IN THE FUNCTION OF

REDUCING POVERTY IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA
Leposava Jovanović1, Biljana Ilić1, Radica Pavlović2

1Faculty of Management, Zaječar, Serbia
2Faculty of Law Megatrend, Belgrade, Serbia
In modern society, the concept of poverty as well as its occurrence is a concept of

multidimensional characteristics. Important categories that explain this term represent
material standards such as income, consumption and property, but also include
health, education, and dimensions of an individual's activities such as work and other
responsibilities. It is necessary to mention that the concept of poverty is also viewed
through the impact of politics, social contacts, the environment and ultimately through
economic or physical security or insecurity of citizens. The European Union and the
United Nations have also categorized poverty as a multidimensional concept,
adopting comprehensive and formal definitions. According to these definitions, the
“poor” are considered as a social stratum who have low incomes as well as resources
and who are unable to provide a standard of living that is characterized as acceptable
in some country. Therefore, these “layers” of society are endangered and cannot be
included in the normal life and social flows of a community, such as education,
culture, social inclusion and similar. The “poor” are on the sidelines of social life, and
often do these people don’t have the opportunity to exercise fundamental rights.
Poverty, which came to Serbia during the transition period, cannot be explained
solely by the transition process, which is the case with the former socialist countries.
It is well known that in Serbia the transition was rather slow, with great difficulties and
delays. Therefore, the paper focuses on the causes, type and quantitative indicators
of poverty in Serbia, as well as on the poverty rate in rural and urban parts of the
country. The educational structure as well as the number of household members
representing some of the indicators of poverty that are analyzed in the paper.
Keywords: poverty, poverty rate, indicators of poverty, Serbia.
217
STRATEGIJA ODRŽIVOG RAZVOJA U FUNKCIJI SMANJENJA

SIROMAŠTVA U REPUBLICI SRBIJI
Leposava Jovanović1, Biljana Ilić1, Radica Pavlović2

1Fakultet za menadžment, Zaječar, Srbija
2Pravni fakultet Megatrend, Beograd, Srbija
U modernom društvu, pojam siromaštva kao i pojava istog predstavlja koncept

multidimenzionalnih karakteristika. Bitne kategorije koje objašnjavaju ovaj pojam
predstavljaju materijalne standarde poput dohotka, potrošnje i imovine ali se ubrajaju
i zdravstvene, obrazovne, kao i dimenzije aktivnosti pojedinca poput radnih i drugih
obaveza. Neophodno je pomenuti da se pojam siromaštva sagledava i kroz uticaj
politike, socijalne kontakte, zaštitu životne sredine i na kraju kroz ekonomsku ili
fizičku sigurnost ili nesigurnost građana. Evropska Unija kao i Ujedinjene nacije su
takođe kategorisale siromaštvo kao multidimenzijalni koncept, prihvativši
sveobuhvatne i zvanične definicije. Prema ovim definicijama siromašnima se
smatraju društveni slojevi koji imaju nedovoljne dohotke, kao i resurse te nisu u stanju
da omoguće stopu životnog standarda koji se u jednoj zemlji karakteriše kao
prihvatljiv. Zbog toga su ovi slojevi stanovništva ugroženi i ne mogu se uključivati u
normalne životne i društvene tokove jedne zajednice, poput obrazovanja, kulture,
socijalne uključenosti i slično. Siromašni slojevi stanovništva se nalaze na marginama
društvenog i socijalnog života, te često nemaju mogućnosti da ostvare ni
fundamentalna prava. Siromaštvo, koje je došlo do izražaja u Srbiji tokom
tranzicionog perioda, ne može se objasniti samo procesom tranzicije, kao što je to
slučaj sa bivšim socijalističkim zemljama. Poznato je da se u Srbiji tranzicija odvijala
dosta sporo, uz velike teškoće i zastoje. S toga se u radu akcenat stavlja na uzroke,
vrstu i kvantitativne pokazatelje siromaštva u Srbiji, ali i na stopu siromaštva u
ruralnim i urbanim delovima zemlje. Obuhvaćena je i analizirana obrazovna struktura,
kao i broj članova domaćinstva koji predstavljaju neke od pokazatelja siromaštva.
Ključne reči: siromaštvo, stopa siromaštva, pokazatelji siromaštva, Srbija.
218
EDUCATION OF CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS ON THE

IMPORTANCE OF A HEALTHY ENVIRONMENT AND SPORTS
ACTIVITIES
Vojkan Bižić1, dr Jelena Vitomir1, prof. dr Jovan Veselinović2

1Facultyof Business Studies, Belgrade, Serbia
2Alfa BK University, Faculty of Sports Management, Belgrade, Serbia
Education of children with special needs gives a particularly challenging task to

anyone who wants to research this topic, be it environmentalists, special educators,
physical education professors ... This is a special challenge for professionals in the
pedagogical profession, and encouraging children with special needs to acquire
knowledge about the importance of preserving the environment for their life, work and
sports through engaging in sports activities. The aim of this paper is to point out the
importance of ecology and ecological education in the youngest population. The
results of the paper provide an answer to the question of how various educational
environmental programs can contribute to such a specific population to play sports
today and develop the ecological world about the importance of the environment for
sports.
Keywords: education, sports, children with special needs, environmental protection.
EDUKACIJA DECE SA POSEBNIM POTREBAMA O ZNAČAJU ZDRAVE

ŽIVOTNE SREDINE I SPORTSKIH AKTIVNOSTI
Vojkan Bižić1, dr Jelena Vitomir1, prof. dr Jovan Veselinović2

1Fakultet
za poslovne studije, Beograd, Srbija
2Alfa BK Univerzitet, Fakultet za menadžment u sportu, Beograd, Srbija
Edukacija dece sa posebnim potrebama, daje izazovan zadatak pred svakoga ko želi
da se bavi istraživanjem ove teme bilo da se radi o defektolozima, profesorima fizičke
kulture... Ovo je poseban izazov za stučnjake pedagoške struke u cilju podsticanja
dece sa posebnim potrebama da kroz bavljenje sportskim aktivnostima stiču znanja o
značaju očuvanja životne sredine za njihov život, rad i bavljenje sportom. Cilj rada je
da se ukaže na značaj ekološkog obrazovanja kod najmlađe populacije. Rezultati
rada daju odgovor na pitanje kako raznovrsni edukativni ekološki programi mogu da
doprinesu da se i ovako specifična populacija bavi sportom danas i razvije ekološku
svest o značaju životne sredine i za bavljenje sportom.
Ključne reči: edukacija, sport, deca sa posebnim potrebama, zaštita životne sredine.
219
DIGITIZATION AND CITIZEN SCIENCE IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Jelena Banović1, Aleksandra Bradić-Martinović1, Nemanja Nedović2

1Institute of Economic Sciences, Belgrade, Serbia
2Belgrade Banking Academy, Belgrade, Serbia
The development of ICT and digitization enables rapid conducting of scientific

research, and big datasets are available to interested parts. Technological and
economic development, knowledge-based economy and IoT have an effect on the
creation of scientific data, and through the influence of the Internet, it is becoming
increasingly clear how powerful are information technologies. Many researchers
consider that in 21st-century society, information technologies tools should not be
reserved only for big companies and scientific centres but access also should be
provided to individuals as well. Enabling citizens to become participants in scientific
research implies well-informed individuals in the information society, who can be
creators and not only users of technology and information. The term “citizen science”
refers to research conducted by amateur scientists. So, there is complete
democratization of science and a connection between the citizen and the scientific
community. The opportunity for citizen to participate in science was demonstrated
during the Covid-19 pandemic; the opportunity was given to the researchers – to work
more closely with society and to access more easily the necessary information and
data. The concept of citizen science has become emphasized in various contexts in
which partnerships between researchers, citizen, decision-makers, and policymakers
have been recognized as the key to success in the process of fighting the global
pandemic.
Keywords: digitization, research data, citizen science, Covid-19.
220
DIGITALIZACIJA I GRAĐANSKA NAUKA U USLOVIMA COVID-19

PANDEMIJE
Jelena Banović1, Aleksandra Bradić-Martinović1, Nemanja Nedović2

1Institut ekonomskih nauka, Beograd, Srbija
2Beogradska bankarska akademija, Beograd, Srbija
Digitalizacija i razvoj informacionih i komunikacionih tehnologija omogućili su rapidno

sprovođenje naučnih istraživanja, a veliki skupovi podataka su na dohvat ruke
zainteresovanim stranama. Tehnološki i ekonomski razvoj, ekonomija zasnovana na
znanju i IoT utiču na kreiranje naučnih podataka, a kroz uticaj Interneta koji je
prisutan u životu pojedinaca različitih uzrasta, postaje sve jasnije koliku moć poseduju
informacione tehnologije. Mnogi teoretičari zbog toga smatraju da u društvu 21. veka
alate informacionih tehnologija ne bi trebalo prepustiti samo velikim kompanijama,
naučnim centrima i slično, već da pristup treba da bude omogućen i pojedincima.
Omogućavanje građanima da postanu akteri u naučnim istraživanjima podrazumeva
uključivanje dobro informisanih pojedinaca u doba informacionog društva, koji mogu
biti kreatori, a ne samo konzumenti informacija i dostignuća u novim tehnologijama.
Pod terminom građanske nauke podrazumevaju se istraživanja koja su sproveli
naučnici-amateri. Na ovaj način,dolazi se do potpune demokratizacije nauke i do
potpunog povezivanja javnosti i naučne zajednice. Mogućnost za učešće građana u
nauci je najbolje ispoljena tokom Covid-19 pandemije. Istraživači su dobili priliku da
prisnije sarađuju sa građanskim društvom i tako lakše dođu do neophodnih
informacija i podataka, a pojam građanske nauke je postao naglašen u različitim
kontekstima u kojima je partnerstvo između istraživača, građana, donosioca odluka i
kreatora javnih politika prepoznat kao ključ uspeha za borbu protiv pandemije koja je
zadesila čitav svet.
Ključne reči: digitalizacija, istraživački podaci, građanska nauka, Covid-19.
221
ETHICAL ASPECT OF DIGITALIZATION INTENSIFICATION DURING

COVID-19 IN THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF
SERBIA
Ass. Prof. Dr. Anđelka Račić1, Ass. Prof. Dr. Borivoje Baltezarević2
1Faculty
of Law, Megatrend University, Belgrade, Serbia
2Faculty of Management, Sremski Karlovci, Union - Nikola Tesla University, Belgrade,
Serbia
The term digitization in its basic meaning represents translation, transformation of

analogue data form, whether it is images, text or video to digital form. In modern world,
digitization has become a matter of everyday life. Digitization gave more speed of
exchange information, providing services and realization of citizens' rights. However, it
entails and the question of how much steppe ethics remains represented in the "fast" work
and connecting people.
Starting from the fact that the first computer-computer for mass use, and that in the
coming decades of humanity have surpassed most of the expectations and more
ambitious dreams, today 2021 after the world's plague exceeded but left as the atomic
bomb Farmer and many years, dialectical changes COVID-19, we entered the world of
intensive digitization and world of electronic communications. COVID-19 has destroyed
traditional forms of communication in all modern societies from the economy through
education and everyday social communications. From the first forms of restrictions and
restrictions on the feelings of discomfort and frustration as well as among the ordinary
population, after the first few months of reorganization, finished only "emergency" jobs,
reorganization regular job in Work at home, data processing electronically, as well as
service delivery, has rounded in a short period of time. The most effective digitization was
from March to the end of October 2020. In that time, the most public administration jobs
were transformed into digital service. Efficiency, economy and transparency of public
administration in the Republic of Serbia were in the high level of realization.
Back in 2001, the Government of the Republic of Serbia announced the reform of public
administration (then called state administration), a process that was long, sometimes with
more, and sometimes with less success. In the following years, and especially from 2018,
there was an insistence on the digitization of public administration and e-government was
established. Specifically, although the Law on Electronic Office was adopted in 2017,
most public administration activities took place through direct communication between
stakeholders. However, with the appearance of the COVID-19 , the works implementing
the concept of "Good Public Administration" could not wait, as well as the rights of
citizens, and with the great effort of the Government of the Republic of Serbia, but also the
need for materials of the Republic of Serbia, but also its use in everyday life. With
intensive digitization of public administration, waiting at counters, queues and breaking
deadlines are, if not zeroed, then minimized, which has achieved the paradigm of good
public administration, efficiency and economy of work while satisfying the rights of
citizens. at the same time, it is one of the key points of the Sustainable Development
Strategy of the Republic of Serbia, which has been wait for decades, all while satisfying
the basic principles of the Code of Conduct for Civil Servants.
Keywords: digitalization, ethical aspect, COVID-19, public administration, e-government

government of the Republic of Serbia.
222
ЕТИЧКИ АСПЕКТ ИНТЕНЗИВАЦИЈЕ ДИГИТАЛИЗАЦИЈЕ ЗА ВРЕМЕ

COVIDA-19 У ЈАВНОЈ УПРАВИ РЕПУБЛИКЕ СРБИЈЕ
Доц. др Анђелка Рачић1, Доц. др Боривоје Балтезаревић2
1Правни факултет, Универзитет „Мегатренд“, Београд, Srbija
2Факултет за менаџмент, Сремски Карловци, Универзитет „Унион - Никола
Тесла“, Belgrade, Serbia
Појам дигитализација у свом основном означену представља превођење, трансформа-

цију аналогног облика података без обзира да ли је у питању слика, текст или видео
запис у дигитални облик. У савременом свету дигитализација је постала ствар свако-
дневице. Дигитализација омогућава брзину размене информација, пружања услуга и
реализацију права грађана. Међутим, она повлачи за собом и питање колико је степен
етике и даље заступљен у „брзом“ раду и повезивању људи.
Полазећи од чињенице да је први компјутер-рачунар за масовно коришћење стављен у
употребу током 60-тих година прошлог века, те да су у наредним деценијама достигнућа
човечанства надмашила већину очекивања и амбициознијих снова, данас 2021 године
након светске пошасти која je попут атомске бомбе одјекнула али и оставила далеко-
сежне и дугогодишње, деценијске промене вирус назван COVID-19, ушли смо у свет
интензивне дигитализације и света електронске комуникације. COVID-19 је разрушио
традиционалне облике комуникације у свим савременим друштва од економије преко
едукације па до свакодневних социјалних комуникација. Од првих облика рестрикција и
ограничења кретања, а што је свакако проузроковало низ осећаја нелагодности и
фрустрације како међу обичним становништвом тако и међу пословним облицима
комуникације, након првих пар месеци реорганизације рад у смеру обављања само
„хитних“ послова, те до већинске реорганизације послова на рад од куће, обраде пода-
така електронским путем, као и пружања услуга, заокружило се у кратком временском
периоду. Конкретно у периоду од марта до краја октобра 2020 године већина послова
који су се до марта 2020 године обављали путем директне облике комуникације транс-
формисане су у дигиталне, а што је и те како омогућило већу ефикасност, екоомичност,
али и транспарентност рада и то како приватних организација тако и целокупне јавне
управе Републике Србије, а о чему ће бити посебно речи у раду.
Влада Републике Србије је још током 2001. године најавила реформу јавне управе (тад
називане државна управа), тај процес је био дуг, некад са више, а некад са мање успе-
ха. Наредних година, а нарочито од 2018 године инсистирало се на дигитализацији
јавне управе и успостављена је е-управа. Конкретно, иако је 2017 године усвојен Закон
о електронској канцеларији, већина послова јавне управе се одвијала директном
комуникацијом између заинтересованих страна. Међутим, појавом вируса COVID-19,
послови којима се реализује концепт „Добре јавне управе“ нису могли да чекају, као ни
права грађана, те је уз велики напор Владе Републике Србије, али и потреба грађана
Републике Србије интензивирана, не само дигитализација јавне управе, већ и њена
употреба у свакодневном животу. Интензивном дигитализацијом јавне управе чекање
на шалтерима, редови и пробијање рокова су, ако не анулирани, а оно минимизирани,
чиме је великом брзином у кратком року у великом степену постигнута парадигма добре
јавне управе, ефикасност и економичност рада уз задовољење права грађана, а што је
истовремено и једна од кључних тачака Стратегије одрживог развоја Републике Србије
на који се чекало деценијама, а све уз задовољење основних начела Кодекса понаша-
ња државних службеника.
Кључне речи: дигитализација, етички аспект, COVID-19, јавна управа, е-управа, влада
Републике Србије.
223
HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT STRATEGY IN THE CONDITIONS

OF PANDEMIC AND INTENSIFICATION OF DIGITALIZATION
Dr. Zoran Ristić1, Dr. Aleksandar M. Damnjanović2, Dr. Dragan M. Nedeljković3,

Dr. Jelena Krstić Randjić4, Eihab Abduraouf M. Tarhouni5
1 The
Higher Education School of Entrepreneurship, Belgrade, Serbia
2 Faculty of Diplomacy and Security, Belgrade, Serbia
3Faculty of European Business and Marketing, Belgrade, Serbia
4Academy of Southern Serbia, Department of Business Studies Leskovac, Serbia
5Faculty of Business and Law, Belgrade, Serbia
The coronavirus pandemic marked the previous year and completely changed the
world, and human resource management strategies in the conditions of intensification
of digitalization of the economy are directed towards new ways of organizing and
working employees, which will, more and more certainly, be irreversibly changed. For
an increasing number of "virtual" employees, the social aspect of work is almost non-
existent, it is being replaced by telephone, video calls and video conferencing. The
aim of this paper is to point out the importance of reviewing existing strategies and
practices of human resource management, and the need to create new approaches,
more adequate for the "new reality" and digital future, which would positively affect
productivity, competitiveness, employment and labor market. He also tries to answer
the questions: Are our managers and employees ready to follow new trends? Is
working from home a necessity or a desirable way to organize in the digital future?
What model of organization and management of human resources do we need to
succeed in the time ahead? The writing of this paper is motivated, above all, by the
desire to provide useful advice and motivate our managers to use current pandemic
challenges and modern information and communication technologies as an
opportunity and innovate their business, and to provide a theoretical basis and
encouragement for new research in the future.
Keywords: information technology, human resources, pandemic, work from home.
224
STRATEGIJA UPRAVLJANJA LJUDSKIM RESURSIMA U USLOVIMA

PANDEMIJE I INTENZIFIKACIJE DIGITALIZACIJE
Dr. Zoran Ristić1, Dr. Aleksandar M. Damnjanović2, Dr. Dragan M. Nedeljković3,

Dr. Jelena Krstić Ranđić4, Eihab Abduraouf M. Tarhouni5
1Visoka
škola za preduzetništvo, Beograd, Srbija
2Fakultet
za diplomatiju i bezbednost, Beograd, Srbija
3Fakultet za evropski biznis i marketing, Beograd, Srbija
4Akademija Južna Srbija, Odsek za poslovne studije Leskovac, Srbija
5Poslovni i pravni fakultet, Beograd, Srbija
Pandemija koronavirusa je obeležila prethodnih godinu dana i potpuno promenila

svet, a strategije upravljanja ljudskim resursima u uslovima intenzifikacije digitalizacije
ekonomije se usmeravaju ka novim načinima organizovanja i rada zaposlenih, koji će,
sve je izvesnije, biti nepovratno izmenjeni. Za sve veći broj “virtuelnih” zaposlenih,
socijalni aspekt rada više skoro da ne postoji, on se zamenjuje telefonskim, video
pozivima i video konferencijama. Cilj ovog rada je da ukaže na važnost preispitivanja
postojećih strategija i praksi upravljanja ljudskim resursima, te na potrebu kreiranja
novih pristupa, adekvatnijih za “novu realnost” i digitalnu budućnost, čime bi se
pozitivno uticalo na produktivnost, konkurentnost, zaposlenost i tržište rada. On
pokušava i da odgovori na pitanja: Da li su naši menadžeri i zaposleni spremni da
prate nove trendove? Da li je rad od kuće nužnost ili poželjan način organizovanja u
digitalnoj budućnosti? Koji model organizacije i upravljanja ljudskim resursima nam je
potreban za uspeh u vremenu koje je pred nama? Pisanje ovog rada je motivisano,
pre svega, željom da se pruže korisni saveti i motivišu naši menadžeri da aktuelne
pandemijske izazove i savremene informaciono-komunkacione tehnologije iskoriste
kao šansu i inoviraju svoje poslovanje, te da on pruži teorijsku osnovu i podsrek za
nova istraživanja u budućnosti.
Ključne reči: informacione tehnologije, ljudski resursi, pandemija, rad od kuće.
225
BIOTECHNOLOGICAL ENGINEERING AND ENVIRONMENTAL

PROTECTION: LEGAL APPROACH
Prof. Dr. Vladan Joldžić
Institute for Criminological and Sociological Research, Belgrade, Serbia
This paper is dedicated to understanding, from the point of view of law, the impact of
biotechnological engineering, both positive and negative. In this time of the negative
impact of the COVID-19 virus, nature has warned us in a very rude way that in our
technological and economic development we are not adequately prepared to protect
our health, work and environment. Hence, it is necessary to develop and apply the
elements of this protection. To do that using the knowledge of numerous scientific
disciplines, as well as an interactive approach through bioengineering, through which
we will enable the proper use of space, raw materials and economic processes, and
that our environment will be valid for present and future generations. This approach
must be multi-layered. It is necessary to start at the legal-theoretical level and to
develop at two levels: international public law and its segment, international
environmental law, but also at the level of national legal approaches, in the current
time in many countries based on constitutional solutions and developed through
legislation. And the legislatures that treat some of these issues in general, but then
through specialized laws and bylaws intended for that purpose. Therefore, the goal of
our work is, as an expert of the UN and the Republic of Serbia, to point out what is
applicable, but also about possible omissions (gaps) in this field, observing the
national legislation.
Keywords: biotechnological engineering, environmental protection, legal approach.
226
БИОТЕХНОЛОШКИ ИНЖЕЊЕРИНГ И ЗАШТИТА ЖИВОТНЕ СРЕДИНЕ:

ПРАВНИ ПРИСТУП
Проф. др Владан Јолџић
Институт за криминолошка и социолошка истраживања, Београд, Србија
Рад је посвећен сагледавању утицаја биотехнолошког инжењеринга, како

позитивног тако и негативног, из угла права. У овом времену негативног утицаја
COVID-19 вируса природа нас је на веома груб начин упозорила да у свом
технолошком и економском развоју нисмо адекватно припремљени на заштиту
свог здравља, радне и животне средине. Отуда и да је неопходно да развијамо
и примењујемо елементе ове заштите. Да то чинимо користећи знања бројних
научних дисциплина, као и интерактивни приступ кроз биоинжењеринг, путем
којих ћемо омогућити ваљано коришћење простора, сировина и привредних
процеса а да нам животна средина буде ваљана за садашње и будуће
генерације. Овај приступ мора бити вишеслојан. Неопходно је да стартује на
правно-теоријском нивоу а да се развија на два нивоа: међународног јавног
права и његовог сегмента, међународног еколошког права, али и на нивоу
националних правних приступа, у актуелном времену у бројним државама
базираних на уставним решењима а разрађиваним кроз легислатуре. И то
легислатуре које нека од ових питања третирају уопштено али потом и кроз
специјализоване законске и подзаконске текстове томе циљно намењене. Отуда
је циљ нашег рада да, као експерт УН али и Републике Србије, укажемо на оно
што јесте применљиво али и на могуће пропусте (празнине) на овом пољу,
посматрајући и национално законодавство.
Кључне речи: биотехнолошки инжењеринг, заштита животне средине, правни

приступ.
227
ECOLOGICAL BAROMETER – INSTRUMENT FOR DETERMINING THE

PERCEPTION OF ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS
Singidunum University, Danijelova 32, Belgrade, Serbia
Environmental problems in our country have not disappeared, but are accumulating and
persisting. The perception of environmental problems about key environmental media (air,
water, food pollution, reduction of arable land and forests, devastation of natural
resources, waste generation and accumulation, climate change) shows a worrying trend.
The results were obtained by conducting research, on a sample of 236 respondents, 2015
and 2020 years, using an instrument with 11 statements. The method of multivariant
analysis led to the separation of "classical" and "new" factors of environmental problems,
with the correlations of these factors with the ecological orientations of anthropocentrism,
tehnocentrism, and ecocentrism being determined. The results of the research, obtained
on the basis of the sample, show the necessity of objectifying the subjective attitudes of
individuals by introducing the ecological barometer, as an instrument for determining the
real perception of ecological problems and ecological concerns in our country.
Keywords: ecological barometer, ecological concern, ecological problems, pollution.
EKOLOŠKI BAROMETAR – INSTRUMENT UTVRĐIVANJA

PERCEPCIJE EKOLOŠKIH PROBLEMA
Univerzitet Singidunum, Danijelova 32, Beograd, Srbija
Ekološki problemi u nas nisu nestali, već se kumuliraju. Percepcija ekoloških problema o
ključnim medijima životne sredine (zagađenja vazduha, vode, hrane, smanjenje obradivog
zemljišta i šuma, devastacija prirodnih resursa, generisanje i gomilanje otpada, klimatske
promene) pokazuje zabrinjavajući trend. Rezultati su dobijeni sprovođenjem istraživanaja,
na uzorku od 236 ispitanika, 2015. i 2020. godine, primenom instrumenta sa 11 tvrdnji.
Metodom multivarijantne analize došlo se do razdvajanja „klasičnih“ i „novih“ faktora
ekoloških problema, s tim da su utvrđeni korelativi ovih faktora sa ekološkim orijentacijama
antropocentrizma, tehnocentrizma i ekocentrizma. Rezultati istraživanja, dobijeni na
osnovu uzorka, pokazuju neophodnost objektivizacije subjektivnih stavova pojedinaca
uvođenjem ekološkog barometra, kao instrumentarijuma za utvrđivanje realne percepcije
ekoloških problema i ekološke zabrinutosti u nas.
Ključne reči: ekološki barometar, ekološka zabrinutost, ekološki problemi, zagađenja.
228
PROTECTIVE MASKS AS WASTE: ENVIRONMENTAL AND LEGAL

ASPECTS
Dr. Ana Batrićević, Dr. Vera Stanković,

Institute of Criminological and Sociological Research, Belgrade, Serbia
Negative impacts of COVID-19 pandemic affect all segments of human life, including
environment, as the key factor of sustainable development. One of the consequences
of the application of measures designed to prevent disease spreading is the
emergence of a large number of inadequately disposed protective masks used by the
citizens. Apart from the fact that it contributes to the increase in the total quantity of
waste, inappropriate disposal of protective masks by the citizens is linked to several
other problems. Namely, although protective masks that citizens throw away after use
represent potential sources of infection, the procedure for their disposal is not
completely defined and regulated by the law. For that reason, they usually end up on
landfills, together with other communal waste, which represents a great risk for life
and health of the employees in that sector, as well as for the entire community and
environment. Having that in mind, the authors discuss key dilemmas regarding the
disposal of protective masks by the citizens, from both – environmental and legal
point of view, with special focus on this issue in the Republic of Serbia. Finally, the
authors draw conclusions about current state in this field and make suggestions for its
improvement on the normative, as well as on the practical level, in accordance with
fundamental principles and goals of sustainable development.
Keywords: COVID-19, pandemic, protective masks, waste, environment.
229
ZAŠTITNE MASKE KAO OTPAD: EKOLOŠKI I PRAVNI ASPEKTI
Dr. Ana Batrićević, Dr. Vera Stanković,

Institut za kriminološka i sociološka istraživanja, Beograd, Srbija
Negativni uticaji pandemije COVID-19 pogađaju sve segmente ljudskog života,

uključujući i životnu sredinu, kao ključan faktor održivog razvoja. Jedna od posledica
primene mera za sprečavanje širenja zaraze jeste i pojava velikog broja od strane
građana upotrebljenih a na neodgovarajuć način odloženih zaštitnih maski. Osim što
doprinosi povećanju ukupne količine otpada, neadekvatno odlaganje zaštitnih maski
od strane građana skopčano je i sa nizom drugih problema. Naime, iako nema
sumnje da zaštitne maske koje građani bace nakon nošenja predstavljaju potencijalni
izvor infekcije, postupak njihovog odlaganja nije u potpunosti definisan niti pravno
regulisan. Zbog toga one najčešće dospevaju na deponije, zajedno sa ostalim
komunalnim otpadom, što predstavlja veliki rizik po život i zdravlje zaposlenih u tom
sektoru, ali i po celu zajednicu i životnu sredinu. Imajući to u vidu, autori razmatraju
ključne dileme u vezi sa odlaganjem zaštitnih maski od strane građana, kako sa
ekološkog tako i sa pravnog aspekta, sa posebnim fokusom na ovu problematiku u
Republici Srbiji. Na kraju, autori izvode zaključke o aktuelnom stanju u ovoj oblasti i
iznose sugestije za njegovo poboljšanje na normativnom i praktičnom planu, a u
skladu sa osnovnim principima i ciljevima održivog razvoja.
Ključne reči: COVID-19, pandemija, zaštitne maske, otpad, životna sredina.
230
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ISBN 978-86-89061-14-7

Ecologica - Book of Abstracts, Belgrade 2021

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,]GDYDþ

Under the patronage of

INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE

THE IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON

MEĐUNARODNA NAUČNA KONFERENCIJA

UTICAJ PANDEMIJE COVID-19 NA EKONOMIJU I

Belgrade, 22-24 April 2021

Štampa: Akademska izdanja, Zemun, 2021.

CIP - Каталогизација у публикацији

INTERNATIONAL Scientific Conference The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on

а) Економски развој -- Апстракти б) Економски развој -- Ковид 19 -- Апстракти

INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC BOARD /

Prof. Dr Vadim Ermakov, GEOKHI, Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS),

SCIENTIFIC BOARD / NAUČNI ODBOR

ОRGANIZATION EXECUTIVE BOARD /

Mr Milorad Panjević, President, ALFA BK University, Belgrade

Donosiocima odluka u oblasti zaštite životne sredine od velikog značaja su kvalitetne

Villiam Sarian, Nadezhda Kozlova

SECTION 1 – BIOGEOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY

Vadim Ermakov, Larisa Jovanović

Vadim Ermakov, Vladimir Safonov, Sergey Tyutikov,

SECTION 2 – ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY AND ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION

William Sarian, Viktor Levashov, Oksana Grebnyak, Elena Salomatina

SECTION 3 – TOURISM AND SPORT

Nikola Bošković, Danijela Despotović, Lela Ristić

Bojana Ostojić, Filip Jovanović, Milutin Pećić

SECTION 4 – FINANCIAL ASPECTS

Mašan Ercegović, Dragan Živković

SECTION 5 – LEGAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECTS

Vladimir Crnjanski, Dragan Gašić

Vojkan Bižić, Jelena Vitomir, Jovan Veselinović

APPLICATION OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND MATERIALS IN

Emeritus prof. Dr. Larisa Jovanović

ALFA BK University, Belgrade, Serbia;

Nanobiotechnology – the type of technology that uses nanomaterials (1-100

Keywords: innovation, application, life sciences, biogeochemistry, bioengineering,

THE RELATIONSHIP OF COVID-19 WITH THE SELENIUM STATUS OF

Prof. Dr. Vadim Ermakov1, Emeritus prof. Dr. Larisa Jovanović2

To assess the relationship between viral pandemics and Se status, we used

Keywords: COVID-19, selenium status, virus pandemic, Russian Federation.

THE NECESSITY AND RELEVANCE OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF

Academician William Sarian1, Prof. Dr. Vadim Ermakov2

Keywords: ecological and biogeochemical research, digital transformation, information

ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POPULATION HEALTH AND THE

Dr. Marina Kapitalchuk1, Ecaterina Melnicenco2, Irina Popodneac1

Keywords: health, morbidity, biogeochemical conditions, selenium, zinc, pesticides.

THE IMPACT OF THE PANDEMIC ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS IN

Asst. prof. Dr. Ozren Uzelac

University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Economics in Subotica, Subotica, Serbia

Keywords: COVID-19, pandemic, global economy, GDP, interventionist measures.

UTICAJ PANDEMIJE NA EKONOMSKA KRETANJA U SVETU

Doc. Dr. Ozren Uzelac

Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Ekonomski fakultet u Subotici, Subotica, Srbija

Globalna ekonomija se suočava sa snažnim negativnim uticajem pandemije COVID-

Ključne reči: COVID-19, pandemija, globalna ekonomija, BDP, intervencionističke

THE ROLE OF INNOVATIONS IN TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS

prof. dr Mario Lukinović¹, emeritus prof. dr Larisa Jovanović²

¹Union University, Faculty of Law, Belgrade, Serbia

Keywords: innovations, IV industrial revolution, acceleration, inventions, Industry 4.0.

ULOGA INOVACIJA U TEHNOLOŠKOM NAPRETKU U

prof. dr Mario Lukinović¹, emeritus prof. dr Larisa Jovanović²

¹Univerzitet Union, Pravni fakultet, Beograd, Srbija

Ključne reči: inovacije, IV industrijska revolucija, akseleracija, pronalasci, Industrija

,]GDYDþ