Scientific Method Steps

Learning Area Science
Learning Delivery Modality Modular Distance Learning
School WEST PALALE Grade Level Grade 7

LESSON NATIONAL HIGH
SCHOOL
EXEMPLA Teacher MARIAN A. GAURANO Learning Area Science
R Teaching Date August 24-27, 2020 Quarter First Quarter
Teaching Time 8:30-9:30 a.m. No. of hours 4
I. OBJECTIVES The learners should be able to:

1. Describe the components of a scientific investigation.
2. Follow steps of scientific method and perform an experiment using it.
3. Value the use of scientific method in solving community-based
problems.
A. Content Standards The learners demonstrate understanding of scientific ways of acquiring
knowledge and solving problems
B. Performance Standards The learners should be able to perform in groups in guided investigations
involving community- based problems using locally available materials
C. Most Essential Learning
Competencies (MELC)
Describe the components of a scientific investigation
(If available, write the
indicated MELC)
D. Enabling Competencies
(If available, write the
attached enabling
competencies)
II. CONTENT Ways of acquiring knowledge and solving problems
III. LEARNING RESOURCES
A. References
a. Teacher’s Guide Pages
b. Learner’s Material
Pages
c. Textbook Pages E. A. Madriaga et.al.(2015) Science Link
856 Nicanor Reyes Sr. St., Sampaloc Manila: Rex Bookstore Inc. pp. 24-29
M.T.B. Delos Santos et. al.(2015) Science Grade 7
1946 -A-F. Torres St.,Diamante Ext. Sta Ana,Manila p.11
d. Additional Materials Integrated Science I https://lrmds.deped.gov.ph/detail/7121
from Learning Project EASE Integrated Science Module 2 Basic Science Process
Resources Lrmds.deped.gov.ph/search?
filter=&search_param=all&query=scientificmethod
B. List of Learning Resources
for Development and
Engagement Activities
IV. PROCEDURES
A. Introduction
Activity 1
What am I?
( DURATION: 20 MINUTES)
Direction:Read the article below and answer the questions that follows.
COVID-19: Prevention and control measures in community

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7195988/
On January 30, 2020, the WHO declared the COVID-19 outbreak a
public health emergency of international concern and, in March 2020,
began to characterize it as a pandemic in order to emphasize the gravity of
the situation and urge all countries to take action in detecting infection and
preventing spread. Unfortunately, there is no medication that has been
approved by the FDA, gone through controlled studies and demonstrated
an effect on the virus for this global pandemic. Although there are cures
for illnesses and developments made by leaps and bounds in our day, the
strongest and most effective weapon that society has against this virus that
is affecting not just health but also economics, politics, and social order, is
the prevention of its spread. The main points in preventing the spread in
society are hand hygiene, social distancing and quarantine. With increased
testing capacity, detecting more COVID-19 positive patients in the
community will also enable the reduction of secondary cases with stricter
quarantine rules.
Questions:
1. What do you call on pandemic disease that spread universally?
__________________________________________________________
2. Do all countries take an action in detecting infection and find ways to
prevent it?
_________________________________________________________
3. Who can make invention to cure this disease?
_________________________________________________________
4. Is there possible ways to find solution for the pandemic disease? Give
some ways to prevent it.
___________________________________________________________
Scientists solve problem using systematic process of empirical investigation

known as scientific method. It is the key to unlock the bodies of knowledge
by organizing his or her thoughts and procedures and making him or her
confident of the findings generated from the experiments.
Goal Orientation
The learners will read the objectives that are expected of them as indicated in
the module.
1. Describe the components of a scientific investigation.
2. Follow steps of scientific method and perform an experiment using it.
3. Value the use of scientific method in solving community-based problems.
B. Development Before you move on, try to find out how much you know about scientific
investigation by answering the pre-test below.
Activity 2
Pretest
Duration: 20 minutes
Instructions:
Multiple Choice. Encircle the letter of the best answer.
1. How is a hypothesis tested?
A. by using the hypothesis to make predictions about a system.
B. by comparing observations in nature with predictions
C. by conducting an experiment and looking for results
D. All of the above
In 2. Which step of the scientific method do we want to use graphs, tables or
chart?
A. experimentation C. analyze data
B. Make a hypothesis D. asking questions
3. Which of the following statements would be true of the scientific method?
A. People structure their lives on the principle of scientific method.
B. The scientific method is a continuous process by which people learn
about his world.
C. Scientists report the experimental results, but not the experimental
design.
D. When the results of the experiment do not fit the hypothesis, a scientist
may discard the results and stop the experiment.
4. Suppose your mother sent you to the market to buy fruits and vegetables.
How would you choose good quality fruits and vegetables?
A. Ask the vendor to choose it for you.
B.Just get any kind and pay right away.
C. Examine the fruit if it is free from insect bites and the smell of
insecticide.
D. Tell your mother that you do not know how to buy good quality fruits
and vegetables.
5. When scientists wish to communicate the results of their research, they are
most likely to do which of the following?
A. call a press conference
B. immediately repeat the research
C. sell their findings to other researchers
D. write a concise report with complete results and proofs to the experiments
performed and formulate conclusions
6. During an experiment about a coin and feather that were dropped at the
same time, it was found that the coin reached the ground first. One student
said: “Maybe, the coin is heavier than the feather.” What do you call this kind
of statement?
A. a problem C. a hypothesis
B. an interpretation D. a conclusion
7.A learner wanted to know whether an increase in the amount of vitamins
given to children results in increased growth. How can the learner measure
how fast the children will grow?
A. By weighing the children every week.
B. By measuring the movements of the children.
C. By weighing the amount of vitamins given to the children
D. By counting the number of words the children can say at a given age.
8. Dan was given three unknown liquids samples. His observations are written
in the table below.
Sample Appearance Volume ( mL ) Boiling Point
(C)
Liquid Clear, 5.0 85
A transparent
B transparent
C transparent
Which of the samples are probably the same substance?
A. Liquids A and C are same substance
B. Liquids A and B are the same substance
C. Liquids B and C are the same substance
D. All the liquid samples are the same substance
9. A farmer raises chickens in cages. He noticed that some chickens lay more
eggs than others. Another farmer tells him that, the amount of food and water
given to chicken, and the weight of chicken, affect the number of eggs they
lay. Which of the following is NOT likely to be a factor that affects the
number of eggs laid by the chickens?
A. The weight of the chickens.
B. The amount of water given to the chickens.
C. The amount of food given to the chickens.
D. The size of the cage where the eggs are laid.
10. . Loren wanted to plant gumamela in her backyard. She believed that the
plant will grow faster through its young twig rather than its mature stem.so she
planted 10 mature stem cuttings and 10 young twig cuttings in a seedling bed.
She watered all the plants and observed them for two weeks. What was
Loren’s purpose for planting 2 sets of cuttings?
A. To have a total of 20 cuttings.
B. To test whether both cuttings can be used.
C. To find out which twigs would bear flower at once.
D. To observe which of the two cuttings would grow faster.
Check your answer with the key on page __ of your module.
What is your score? If you got it all correct, congratulations, that means
you have a wide understanding about the topic which you can use in your
daily life. If you got low score, don’t worry, this module will help you
understand the topic.
ACTIVITY NO. 3
How keen observer are you?
( DURATION:20 MINUTES)
I. OBJECTIVE
Give observations on the face of your parent, brother or sister or any person in your
house.
II. MATERIALS
Hand mirror, paper and pencil
III. PROCEDURE
1. You see yourself in the mirror many times during the day. How well have you seen
and observed your face? Find out by answering the questions below.
a. Are your eyes below, above or in line with your ears?
____________________________________________________________
b.Is your face square, oblong or heart-shaped?
______________________________________________________________
c.Do your earlobes have the same shape?
______________________________________________________________
d. Are your eyelashes straight or curly?
____________________________________________________________
e. Do you have a birthmark on the face?
____________________________________________________________
f. Which is thicker, your upper or your lower lip?
__________________________________________________________
g. How many moles are there on your face?
_____________________________________________________________
h. When you wrinkle your brow, how many deep horizontal lines are formed on your
forehead?
____________________________________________________________
i. How many pockmarks are there on your face?
____________________________________________________________
1. How did you observe your housemate?
______________________________________________________________
2. What is observation?
______________________________________________________________
Activity 4
Identifying the Problem
(DURATION: 30 minutes)
ACTIVITY NO. 2
NIMBY ( Not in my backyard)
I. OBJECTIVE
Identify the problem/s in a given situation.
II. MATERIALS
paper and pencil
III. PROCEDURE
Read the article NIMBY then, answer the questions later.
NIMBY
Renato was on his way home from school when he passed a group of people
outside the municipal building. They were carrying placards to protest the proposed
landfill in their town. They carried signs that said “NIMBY” or “Not In My Backyard
“.
He stopped and listened to the speakers for a while. He learned that they do not
want the landfill to be built in their town or near it. The protesters were concerned that
the landfill would be harmful to people because decaying wastes attract disease-
carrying insects and animals and the leachate might contaminate the water source in
the community.
That evening, Renato watch a debate on TV about the landfill controversy. The
debate moderator presented the fact that the current city landfill is almost full and will
be closed within the year.
The pro-landfill group represented by the government, discussed features of the
landfill and the safety precautions being done to make it sanitary. They continued to
explain that no matter where the landfill is located, it would be in someone’s
neighborhood.
On the other hand, the anti-landfill group emphasized the dangers of landfills
noting examples from the existing site. They proposed alternatives to solve the solid
waste problem like waste segregation from the source.
GUIDE QUESTIONS
What is the problem in the story?

______________________________________________________________
2. Why is it a problem?
______________________________________________________________
3. What is the government solution to the problem?
______________________________________________________________
4. What are the advantages of the landfill technology?
_____________________________________________________________
5. What are the issues about this technology?
______________________________________________________________
6. How will you compare the situation of your town regarding waste disposal with the
story?
______________________________________________________________
B. Engagement Activity 5
Formulating a Hypothesis
OBJECTIVE: Formulate a hypothesis for the given situation or problem.
MATERIALS: paper and pen
PROCEDURE:
Study each of the situations. Formulate a hypothesis for each observation or situation.
Think of a reason or basis for your guess. In your group, you can make as many
hypotheses for each situation.
Situation: 1: Chocolate was spilled on Cristy’s favorite pink blouse.
Question/Problem: Which of the two detergents will remove chocolate stain without
damaging or decolorizing the blouse?
Possible Hypotheses:
Student 1: ____________________________________________________________
Student 2: ____________________________________________________________
Student 3: ____________________________________________________________
Student 4: ____________________________________________________________
Situation 2: Mhay always find insects underneath untouched stones or wood.
Problem: Why do insects like to stay in places like these?
Possible Hypotheses S1.
______________________________________________________________
S2. ______________________________________________________________
S3. ______________________________________________________________
S4: ___________________________________________________________
C. Engagement Activity 6
(Experiment)
I – Objective:
Identify the control group and experimental set-up in an experiment.
II – Material: picture, paper, pen
Procedure: Below are the steps on how the pupils conduct an experiment.
Read the statement the answer the questions that follows.
A group of pupils tested the effect of fertilizer on the growth of plants. They
used six plants that are all 15 cm tall. They grouped the plants into two:
Group a and group b. They watered the plants in group A with 200 mL of plain
water and 200 mL of fertilizer solution in group B.
Control group
Part of the experiment without the variable being tested
Experimental set-up
Part that contain the variable being tested
Guide questions:
Which of the group is the control set up? How about experimental set up?
Explain
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Activity 7
Analyzing and Presenting Data
( duration : 20 minutes)
I – Objective
Analyze how the data was being presented from the experiment.
II-Material: table, paper, pen
III - Procedure:
Data obtained from experiments should be analyzed and presented
systematically. The data below is the result of the experiment on the problem:
Does the fertilizer the growth of plants.
Study the table and answer the questions that follow.
Set up Initial Height Frequency of Treatment Growth of
of plant watering given for plants
three weeks
Group A 15 cm Twice a 200 mL of 18 cm
week plain water
Group B Twice a 200 mL of 32 cm
15 cm week fertilizer
solution
1.Which plant has the greatest growth rate?
_____________________________________________________________
2. What factor affects the growth of the plant?
_______________________________________________________________
3.What is the table all about?
_______________________________________________________________
Conclusion: ( Explain briefly the summary of the result of the activity based
from the table above)
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
C. Assimilation Activity 7
(7 steps)
Duration: 1hour
I – Objectives
Utilize the scientific process to determine which coin can hold the
greatest number of water drops.
II - Materials:
5 coins of different sizes – 10- peso, 5-peso; 1-peso and a 25-centavo coin ,
medicine dropper
III- procedure:
 Lay the coins one by one on a table.
 Get a medicine dropper
 Fill the medicine dropper with water.
 Drop the water in each coin one at a time.
 Count the number of water drops needed to fill the coins. Stop dropping
when the water spills over the coin.
 Do the same procedure with the other coins.
 Record the data on the table provided for.
Number of Water Drops
No. of 10-peso 5 - peso 1-peso 25-centavo

Trials
1
Average
Answer the following questions.

1. What is the problem in this activity?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
2. Formulate your hypothesis. (List down as many as possible. )
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
3. Analyze your results. Which coin holds the greatest number of water drops?
A. a 10-peso coin C. a 5-peso coin
B. a 1-peso coin D. a 25 centavo coin
4. What factor do you think has something to do with the differences in the
number of water drops a coin can hold?
A. sizes of the coins
B. diameter of the dropper
C. distance of medicine dropper from the coin
D. all of the above
5.Where should you base your conclusion or generalization?
A . gathered data C. results of experiment performed
B. direct observations D. what others say about it.
You should have learned the following Steps in Scientific Investigation:

1.Statement of the problem
What questions do you have about your topic? What do you want to know?
2. Formulation of hypothesis
An overall statement about the observation (descriptive) or a guess about what
cause the pattern in the observation (explanatory).
3. Testing/Experimentation
Testing the hypothesis by performing an experiment.
4.Analysis of Data
Data obtained from experiments should be analyzed and presented
systematically. The data may be presented using table for easy presentation.
5.Drawing of Conclusion
Summary of the results of the experiment and the statement of how the
results match up to the hypothesis.
6. Report Results
Once the data have been obtained and analyzed and the conclusion has
been drawn, the next step is to share the results.
Activity 8
Post Test
Multiple Choice: Encircle the letter of the best answer.
1. In what step of the Scientific Method do you ask a question?
A. Conclusion C. Problem
B. Hypothesis D. Information
2. In what step of the Scientific Method do you go to the library or ask an
expert?
A. Conclusion B. Hypothesis C. Problem D. Information
3. The possible answer to the problem.
A. Hypothesis C. Conclusion D. Data E. Experiment
4. The actual answer to the problem.
A. Hypothesis B. Data C. Conclusion D. Information
5.When you decide whether or not the data supports the original hypothesis,
you are _______________.
A. making observations C. drawing conclusions
B. forming a hypothesis D. asking questions
6.Colby wants to learn more about the feeding habits of ants.
What steps should Colby take to best study the feeding patterns of ants?
A. form a hypothesis, conduct an experiment, record data, make a
conclusion
B. conduct an experiment, form a hypothesis, make a conclusion, record
data
C. form a hypothesis, record data, conduct an experiment, make a
conclusion
D. record data, form a hypothesis, make a conclusion, conduct an
experiment
7.Given the question “ What makes the water in the kitchen sink clogged?”
How can you answer it using scientific process?
A. Use scientific investigation C. Use a mechanical pump
B. Use a meter stick D. Use any of them
8. Which is the best scientific problem for the situation in no. 5 ?
A. What causes water to sink?
B. What makes up the kitchen?
C. What causes the water to float?
D. What makes the kitchen sink clogged?
9. The grade 7 students gathered data, tested the different factors that could
affect the clogging of the kitchen sink, and took relevant observations and
data. What step was being executed by the students?
A. Gathering data C. Experimentation
B. Analyzing data D. Formulation of hypothesis
10. Particles of food, solidified oil and mixture make the kitchen sink clogged.
What is being stated in the previous statement?
A. hypothesis B. Problem C. Observation D. Conclusion
IV. REFLECTION The learner, in their notebook will write their personal insight about the lesson
using the prompts below.
I learned that_________________________________________.
I understand that______________________________________.
I realized that_________________________________________.
Answer Key:
Pre-test Post- test
1. C 1. A
2. C 2. D
3. B 3. A
4. C 4. C
5. D 5. C
6. C 6. A
7. A 7. A
8. B 8. D
9. D 9. C
10. D 10. D
Activity 1
What am I?
( DURATION: 20 MINUTES)
Direction:Read the article below and answer the questions that follows.
COVID-19: Prevention and control measures in community

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7195988/
On January 30, 2020, the WHO declared the COVID-19 outbreak a public health emergency of international
concern and, in March 2020, began to characterize it as a pandemic in order to emphasize the gravity of the
situation and urge all countries to take action in detecting infection and preventing spread. Unfortunately, there is
no medication that has been approved by the FDA, gone through controlled studies and demonstrated an effect on
the virus for this global pandemic. Although there are cures for illnesses and developments made by leaps and
bounds in our day, the strongest and most effective weapon that society has against this virus that is affecting not
just health but also economics, politics, and social order, is the prevention of its spread. The main points in
preventing the spread in society are hand hygiene, social distancing and quarantine. With increased testing capacity,
detecting more COVID-19 positive patients in the community will also enable the reduction of secondary cases
with stricter quarantine rules.
Questions:
1. What do you call on pandemic disease that spread universally?
__________________________________________________________
2. Do all countries take an action in detecting infection and find ways to prevent it?
_________________________________________________________
3. Who can make invention to cure this disease?
_________________________________________________________
4. Is there possible ways to find solution for the pandemic disease? Give some ways to prevent it.
___________________________________________________________
Activity 2
Pretest
Instructions:
D. All of the above
1. In 2. Which step of the scientific method do we want to use graphs, tables or chart?
B. The scientific method is a continuous process by which people learn about his world.
C. Scientists report the experimental results, but not the experimental design.
D. When the results of the experiment do not fit the hypothesis, a scientist may discard the results and stop the
experiment.
4. Suppose your mother sent you to the market to buy fruits and vegetables. How would you choose good quality
fruits and vegetables?
C. Examine the fruit if it is free from insect bites and the smell of insecticide.
D. Tell your mother that you do not know how to buy good quality fruits and vegetables.
5. When scientists wish to communicate the results of their research, they are most likely to do which of the
following?
D. write a concise report with complete results and proofs to the experiments performed and formulate
conclusions
6. During an experiment about a coin and feather that were dropped at the same time, it was found that the coin
reached the ground first. One student said: “Maybe, the coin is heavier than the feather.” What do you call this kind
of statement?
7.A learner wanted to know whether an increase in the amount of vitamins given to children results in increased
growth. How can the learner measure how fast the children will grow?
8. Dan was given three unknown liquids samples. His observations are written in the table below.
Sample Appearance Volume ( mL ) Boiling Point ( C )
Liquid A Clear, transparent 5.0 85
Liquid B Clear, transparent 2.8 85
Liquid C Clear, transparent 2.8 100
9. A farmer raises chickens in cages. He noticed that some chickens lay more eggs than others. Another farmer tells
him that, the amount of food and water given to chicken, and the weight of chicken, affect the number of eggs they
lay. Which of the following is NOT likely to be a factor that affects the number of eggs laid by the chickens?
10. . Loren wanted to plant gumamela in her backyard. She believed that the plant will grow faster through its
young twig rather than its mature stem.so she planted 10 mature stem cuttings and 10 young twig cuttings in a
seedling bed. She watered all the plants and observed them for two weeks. What was Loren’s purpose for planting
2 sets of cuttings?
Before you move on, try to find out how much you know about scientific investigation by answering the pre-test
below.
Activity 2
Pretest
Instructions:
D. All of the above
1. In 2. Which step of the scientific method do we want to use graphs, tables or chart?
B. The scientific method is a continuous process by which people learn about his world.
C. Scientists report the experimental results, but not the experimental design.
D. When the results of the experiment do not fit the hypothesis, a scientist may discard the results and stop the
experiment.
4. Suppose your mother sent you to the market to buy fruits and vegetables. How would you choose good quality
fruits and vegetables?
C. Examine the fruit if it is free from insect bites and the smell of insecticide.
D. Tell your mother that you do not know how to buy good quality fruits and vegetables.
5. When scientists wish to communicate the results of their research, they are most likely to do which of the
following?
D. write a concise report with complete results and proofs to the experiments performed and formulate
conclusions
6. During an experiment about a coin and feather that were dropped at the same time, it was found that the coin
reached the ground first. One student said: “Maybe, the coin is heavier than the feather.” What do you call this kind
of statement?
7.A learner wanted to know whether an increase in the amount of vitamins given to children results in increased
growth. How can the learner measure how fast the children will grow?
8. Dan was given three unknown liquids samples. His observations are written in the table below.
Sample Appearance Volume ( mL ) Boiling Point ( C )
Liquid A Clear, transparent 5.0 85
Liquid B Clear, transparent 2.8 85
Liquid C Clear, transparent 2.8 100
9. A farmer raises chickens in cages. He noticed that some chickens lay more eggs than others. Another farmer tells
him that, the amount of food and water given to chicken, and the weight of chicken, affect the number of eggs they
lay. Which of the following is NOT likely to be a factor that affects the number of eggs laid by the chickens?
10. . Loren wanted to plant gumamela in her backyard. She believed that the plant will grow faster through its
young twig rather than its mature stem.so she planted 10 mature stem cuttings and 10 young twig cuttings in a
seedling bed. She watered all the plants and observed them for two weeks. What was Loren’s purpose for planting
2 sets of cuttings?
Check your answer with the key on page __ of your module.
What is your score? If you got it all correct, congratulations, that means you have a wide understanding about the
topic which you can use in your daily life. If you got low score, don’t worry, this module will help you understand
the topic.
ACTIVITY NO. 3
How keen observer are you?
( DURATION:20 MINUTES)
I. OBJECTIVE
Give observations on the face of your parent, brother or sister or any person in your house.
II. MATERIALS
Hand mirror, paper and pencil
III. PROCEDURE
1. You see yourself in the mirror many times during the day. How well have you seen and observed your face? Find
out by answering the questions below.
a. Are your eyes below, above or in line with your ears?
____________________________________________________________
b.Is your face square, oblong or heart-shaped?
______________________________________________________________
c.Do your earlobes have the same shape?
______________________________________________________________
d. Are your eyelashes straight or curly?
____________________________________________________________
e. Do you have a birthmark on the face?
____________________________________________________________
f. Which is thicker, your upper or your lower lip?
__________________________________________________________
g. How many moles are there on your face?
_____________________________________________________________
h. When you wrinkle your brow, how many deep horizontal lines are formed on your forehead?
____________________________________________________________
i. How many pockmarks are there on your face?
____________________________________________________________
1. How did you observe your housemate?
______________________________________________________________
2. What is observation?
______________________________________________________________
Activity 4
Identifying the Problem
ACTIVITY NO. 2
NIMBY ( Not in my backyard)
I. OBJECTIVE
Identify the problem/s in a given situation.
II. MATERIALS
paper and pencil
III. PROCEDURE
Read the article NIMBY then, answer the questions later.
NIMBY
Renato was on his way home from school when he passed a group of people outside the municipal building.
They were carrying placards to protest the proposed landfill in their town. They carried signs that said “NIMBY” or
“Not In My Backyard “.
He stopped and listened to the speakers for a while. He learned that they do not want the landfill to be built in
their town or near it. The protesters were concerned that the landfill would be harmful to people because decaying
wastes attract disease-carrying insects and animals and the leachate might contaminate the water source in the
community.
That evening, Renato watch a debate on TV about the landfill controversy. The debate moderator presented the
fact that the current city landfill is almost full and will be closed within the year.
The pro-landfill group represented by the government, discussed features of the landfill and the safety
precautions being done to make it sanitary. They continued to explain that no matter where the landfill is located, it
would be in someone’s neighborhood.
On the other hand, the anti-landfill group emphasized the dangers of landfills noting examples from the
existing site. They proposed alternatives to solve the solid waste problem like waste segregation from the source.
GUIDE QUESTIONS
What is the problem in the story?

______________________________________________________________
2. Why is it a problem?
______________________________________________________________
3. What is the government solution to the problem?
______________________________________________________________
4. What are the advantages of the landfill technology?
_____________________________________________________________
5. What are the issues about this technology?
______________________________________________________________
6. How will you compare the situation of your town regarding waste disposal with the story?
______________________________________________________________
Activity 5
Formulating a Hypothesis
OBJECTIVE: Formulate a hypothesis for the given situation or problem.
MATERIALS: paper and pen
PROCEDURE:
Study each of the situations. Formulate a hypothesis for each observation or situation. Think of a reason or basis for
your guess. In your group, you can make as many hypotheses for each situation.
Situation: 1: Chocolate was spilled on Cristy’s favorite pink blouse.
Question/Problem: Which of the two detergents will remove chocolate stain without damaging or decolorizing the
blouse?
Possible Hypotheses:
Student 1: ____________________________________________________________
Student 2: ____________________________________________________________
Student 3: ____________________________________________________________
Student 4: ____________________________________________________________
Situation 2: Mhay always find insects underneath untouched stones or wood.
Problem: Why do insects like to stay in places like these?
Possible Hypotheses S1. ______________________________________________________________
S2. ______________________________________________________________
S3. ______________________________________________________________
S4: ___________________________________________________________
Activity 6
(Experiment)
I – Objective:
Identify the control group and experimental set-up in an experiment.
II – Material: picture, paper, pen
Procedure: Below are the steps on how the pupils conduct an experiment. Read the statement the answer the
questions that follows.
A group of pupils tested the effect of fertilizer on the growth of plants. They used six plants that are all 15 cm tall.
They grouped the plants into two:
Group a and group b. They watered the plants in group A with 200 mL of plain water and 200 mL of fertilizer
solution in group B.
Control group
Part of the experiment without the variable being tested
Experimental set-up
Part that contain the variable being tested
Guide questions:
Which of the group is the control set up? How about experimental set up? Explain
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____
Activity 7
Analyzing and Presenting Data
( duration : 20 minutes)
I – Objective
Analyze how the data was being presented from the experiment.
II-Material: table, paper, pen
III - Procedure:
Data obtained from experiments should be analyzed and presented systematically. The data below is the result of
the experiment on the problem: Does the fertilizer the growth of plants.
Study the table and answer the questions that follow.
Set up Initial Height of plant Frequency of watering Treatment given for three weeks Growth of plants
Group A 15 cm
Twice a week 200 mL of plain water18 cm
Group B
15 cm Twice a week 200 mL of fertilizer solution 32 cm
1.Which plant has the greatest growth rate?
_____________________________________________________________
2. What factor affects the growth of the plant?
_______________________________________________________________
3.What is the table all about?
_______________________________________________________________
Conclusion: ( Explain briefly the summary of the result of the activity based from the table above)
____________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________
Activity 7
(7 steps)
Duration: 1hour
I – Objectives
Utilize the scientific process to determine which coin can hold the greatest number of water drops.
II - Materials:
5 coins of different sizes – 10- peso, 5-peso; 1-peso and a 25-centavo coin , medicine dropper
III- procedure:
• Lay the coins one by one on a table.
• Get a medicine dropper
• Fill the medicine dropper with water.
• Drop the water in each coin one at a time.
• Count the number of water drops needed to fill the coins. Stop dropping when the water spills over the coin.
• Do the same procedure with the other coins.
• Record the data on the table provided for.
Number of Water Drops
No. of Trials 10-peso 5 - peso 1-peso 25-centavo
1
2
3
Average
Answer the following questions.

1. What is the problem in this activity?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________ 2. Formulate your hypothesis. (List down as many as possible. )
____________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________3. Analyze your results. Which coin holds the greatest number of water
drops?
A. a 10-peso coin C. a 5-peso coin
B. a 1-peso coin D. a 25 centavo coin
4. What factor do you think has something to do with the differences in the number of water drops a coin can hold?
A. sizes of the coins
B. diameter of the dropper
C. distance of medicine dropper from the coin
D. all of the above
5.Where should you base your conclusion or generalization?
A . gathered data C. results of experiment performed
B. direct observations D. what others say about it.
You should have learned the following Steps in Scientific Investigation:

1.Statement of the problem
What questions do you have about your topic? What do you want to know?
2. Formulation of hypothesis
An overall statement about the observation (descriptive) or a guess about what cause the pattern in the observation
(explanatory).
3. Testing/Experimentation
Testing the hypothesis by performing an experiment.
4.Analysis of Data
Data obtained from experiments should be analyzed and presented systematically. The data may be presented
using table for easy presentation.
5.Drawing of Conclusion
Summary of the results of the experiment and the statement of how the results match up to the hypothesis.
6. Report Results
Once the data have been obtained and analyzed and the conclusion has been drawn, the next step is to share the
results.
Activity 8
Post Test
Multiple Choice: Encircle the letter of the best answer.
1. In what step of the Scientific Method do you ask a question?
A. Conclusion C. Problem
B. Hypothesis D. Information
2. In what step of the Scientific Method do you go to the library or ask an expert?
A. Conclusion B. Hypothesis C. Problem D. Information
3. The possible answer to the problem.
A. Hypothesis C. Conclusion D. Data E. Experiment
4. The actual answer to the problem.
A. Hypothesis B. Data C. Conclusion D. Information
5.When you decide whether or not the data supports the original hypothesis, you are _______________.
A. making observations C. drawing conclusions
B. forming a hypothesis D. asking questions
6.Colby wants to learn more about the feeding habits of ants.
What steps should Colby take to best study the feeding patterns of ants?
A. form a hypothesis, conduct an experiment, record data, make a conclusion
B. conduct an experiment, form a hypothesis, make a conclusion, record data
C. form a hypothesis, record data, conduct an experiment, make a conclusion
D. record data, form a hypothesis, make a conclusion, conduct an experiment
7.Given the question “ What makes the water in the kitchen sink clogged?” How can you answer it using scientific
process?
A. Use scientific investigation C. Use a mechanical pump
B. Use a meter stick D. Use any of them
8. Which is the best scientific problem for the situation in no. 5 ?
A. What causes water to sink?
B. What makes up the kitchen?
C. What causes the water to float?
D. What makes the kitchen sink clogged?
9. The grade 7 students gathered data, tested the different factors that could affect the clogging of the kitchen sink,
and took relevant observations and data. What step was being executed by the students?
A. Gathering data C. Experimentation
B. Analyzing data D. Formulation of hypothesis
10. Particles of food, solidified oil and mixture make the kitchen sink clogged. What is being stated in the previous
statement?
A. hypothesis B. Problem C. Observation D. Conclusion

Scientific Method Steps

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Scientific Method Steps

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Learning Area Science

Learning Delivery Modality Modular Distance Learning

School WEST PALALE Grade Level Grade 7

I. OBJECTIVES The learners should be able to:

COVID-19: Prevention and control measures in community

Scientists solve problem using systematic process of empirical investigation

What is the problem in the story?

Number of Water Drops

No. of 10-peso 5 - peso 1-peso 25-centavo

Answer the following questions.

You should have learned the following Steps in Scientific Investigation:

COVID-19: Prevention and control measures in community

What is the problem in the story?

Answer the following questions.

You should have learned the following Steps in Scientific Investigation:

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