1.

Purpose
- Learn the structure and working principle of 2 types of generators: 1
phase and 3 phase
- Understand the method of pairing a generator with a computer to
overcome some difficulties in the experiment.
- Survey and study some characteristic curves of generators
2+3+4. Drawing layout, assembling experimental equipment (not allowed
to take pictures of real experiments nor take videos of experiments. You
can draw with drawing software or draw pictures on paper and take
drawn pictures). Briefly describe the main function of the main
equipment in the experiment.
.
 a) Test set: 1 phase generator
- Turbine: rotates the coil
- Magnet (stator): stand still, attract magnetic field, support motor to
operate. When current is passed through coils placed inside the steel
core, it generates an electromagnetic induction force to convert
electrical energy into mechanical energy.

- Coil (roto): rotates around the magnetic field so that the magnetic
field changes through the coil. The force of interaction between the
coils and the charged magnetic fields creates a torque around the
rotor's axis of rotation.

- LED: glows when current passes through it in a certain direction,

detects direct current or alternating current
- Incandescent lamp: current is detected
- Sensor + adapter: is the connection wire to connect the experimental
device to the computer.
- Computer: describe the current emitted by the generator
b) Experiment set: 3 phase generator
 - Coil (stator): generates induced current.
- Magnet (roto): rotates a magnetic field around a fixed coil, creating a
magnetic field and flux variation in each coil.
- LED: detects current flowing through the coil
- The terminals + electrical circuits in star and triangle shape: plug in
the connecting wires between the devices.

5. Briefly describe the steps to conduct the experiment and predict the
evolution of physical phenomena in the experiment experience.
Answer:
Ex1: Determination of current properties with a single-phase alternator.
+ Operations:
- Connect the devices to a closed circuit, put the brush in the semicircular
position, rotate the wire frame.
- Connect the devices to a closed circuit, put the brush in the ring position,
rotate the wire frame.
- Change the direction of rotation and change the direction of the magnet in
turn for each case.
+ Result:
- Connect the devices to a closed circuit, put the brush in the semicircular
position, rotate the wire frame => only one LED is on, when it is reversed
(or reverses the direction of the magnet), the remaining LED is on, the fiber
lamp is on. burning always light.
- Connect the devices to a closed circuit, put the brush in the ring position,
rotate the wire frame => two LEDs alternately glow, the incandescent light
is always on in all cases of changing the direction of rotation or changing the
direction of the south. acupuncture.
Ex2: Characterization of current by a single-phase AC generator coupled to
a computer.
+) Operations:
- Connect the device to the sensor, transducer and computer.
- Put the brush in the semicircular position, rotate the wire frame.
- Put the brush in the ring position, rotate the wire frame.
+) Result obtained:
- The brush is in the position of the semicircular ring => the value of the
voltage obtained is represented by the graph on coach 7 which is always
positive.
- The brush is in the annular position => the voltage value continuously
increases and decreases between the minimum and the maximum value, the
values are symmetrical.
Ex3: Determination of the characteristics of the current generated by a 3-
phase alternator
+) Operations:
- Connect devices into a closed circuit
- Connect a star or triangle circuit and then rotate the magnet
+) Result obtained:
In both cases of coupling, the three lights alternately light up
Ex4: Learn the working principle of an asynchronous electric motor
connected to a three-phase AC generator
+) Operations:
- Supply power to the electromagnet and then connect the devices into a
circuit
- Rotate the electromagnet in one direction and then try to reverse it
+) Result obtained:
The bell in the electric motor rotates when the magnet is rotated, but the
rotation speed of the bell is slower than the rotation speed of the magnet,
when changing the direction of rotation of the magnet, the bell rotates in the
opposite direction.
Ex5: Find the phase difference of a three-phase AC generator when paired
with a computer
+) Operations:
- Connect the outputs of the three coils to the sensor, converter and
computer.
- Rotate the magnet and monitor the voltage graph on the computer
+) Result obtained:
Voltage curve of three phases out of phase by 1/3 period

6. Write the names of the physical quantities to be measured

(quantitative) or the names of the essential characteristics and
properties (qualitative) in the experiment.
Answer:
- Observe the light output / glow of the bulbs
- Observe the graph of voltage over time
- The rotation speed of the bell in the electric motor

7. Describe the purpose of the manipulations that will affect the

experimental instruments.
Answer:
Actions:
Change the brush position => change the output current properties
Rotate the magnet/wire frame => create a variable magnetic field
Pairing operations => create a closed circuit
8. Draw a picture or take a photo from the experimental videos of each
operation step on the testing device and describe these operations.
Answer:
Ex1: Determination of current properties with a single-phase alternator.
+ Operations:
- Connect the devices to a closed circuit, put the brush in the semicircular
position, rotate the wire frame
- Connect the devices to a closed circuit, put the brush in the ring position,
rotate the wire frame.

- Change the direction of rotation and change the direction of the magnet in
turn for each case.

Ex2: Characterization of current by a single-phase AC generator coupled to

a computer.
+) Operations:
- Connect the device to the sensor, transducer and computer.

- Put the brush in the semicircular position, rotate the wire frame.

- Put the brush in the ring position, rotate the wire frame.
Ex3: Determination of the characteristics of the current generated by a 3-
phase alternator
+) Operations:
- Connect devices into a closed circuit

- Connect a star or triangle circuit and then rotate the magnet

Ex4: Learn the working principle of an asynchronous electric motor
connected to a three-phase AC generator
+) Operations:
- Supply power to the electromagnet and then connect the devices into a
circuit

- Rotate the electromagnet in one direction and then try to reverse it

Ex5: Find the phase difference of a three-phase AC generator when paired
with a computer
+) Operations:
- Connect the outputs of the three coils to the sensor, converter and
computer.

- Rotate the magnet and monitor the voltage graph on the computer
9. Present the measured results (quantitative) or describe the
characteristics and properties of the observed phenomenon (qualitative)
Answer:
Ex1: Determination of current properties with a single-phase alternator.
+ Result:
- Connect the devices to a closed circuit, put the brush in the semicircular
position, rotate the wire frame => only one LED is on, when it is reversed
(or reverses the direction of the magnet), the remaining LED is on, the fiber
lamp is on. burning always light.
=> direct current
- Connect the devices to a closed circuit, put the brush in the ring position,
rotate the wire frame => two LEDs alternately glow, the incandescent light
is always on in all cases of changing the direction of rotation or changing the
direction of the south. acupuncture.
=> alternating current
Ex2: Characterization of current by a single-phase AC generator coupled to
a computer.
+) Result obtained:
- The brush is in the position of the semicircular ring => the value of the
voltage obtained is represented by the graph on coach 7 which is always
positive.
=> direct current
- The brush is in the annular position => the voltage value continuously
increases and decreases between the minimum and the maximum value, the
values are symmetrical.
=> alternating current
Ex3: Determination of the characteristics of the current generated by a 3-
phase alternator
+) Result obtained:
In both cases of coupling, the three lights alternately light up
=> three currents are not in phase
Ex4: Learn the working principle of an asynchronous electric motor
connected to a three-phase AC generator
+) Result obtained:
The bell in the electric motor rotates when the magnet is rotated, but the
rotation speed of the bell is slower than the rotation speed of the magnet,
when changing the direction of rotation of the magnet, the bell rotates in the
opposite direction.
=> asynchronous motor
Ex5: Find the phase difference of a three-phase AC generator when paired
with a computer
+) Result obtained:
Voltage curve of three phases out of phase by 1/3 period
2π
=> the phase difference of the three currents is 3