KONSEP STRUCTURE TOEIC / TOEFL

S + V + Adjective (kata sifat) + O + Time (waktu: V es/s: sekarang / ed: dulu)

s: sekarang s: sendiri = is, has, V es/s: reads / e: rame = have, are, were

V1 (es/s, do, does, is, am, are/ has/ have/ can/ may/ shall/ will)
V1 –> V1 (I, you, they, we, jamak gak doyan es/s ; He, she,it, nama satu orang tunggal doyan es/s)
e.g Dion likes reading and I love travelling.

V2 (-edulu / was = wingi sendiri / were = wingi rame)

Had V3 –> V2 – V2 e.g I had lied (lebih lawas) last week and you found it yesterday, then you was angry.

Ving – Verb (is, am, are = V1 –> + Ving = sedang sekarang / was, were = V2 + Ving –> sedang dulu + tanpa lama waktu
when/while = S be (is,am,are) + Ving when + S + V1 –> Dion is cooking when I come. (V1)
S be (was,were) + Ving when + S + V2 –> Dion was cooking when I came. (V2)
S be (is,am,are) + Ving while + S be (is,am,are) + Ving –> Dion is cooking while I am playing PUBG.
S be (was,were) + Ving while + S be (was,were) + Ving –> Dion was cooking while I was playing PUBG.

Ving = gerund (Noun/Kata benda) bisa jadi subjek / objek –> Travelling (S) is interesting (Verb) so I love travelling (O).

Has / Have + V3 (-ed/-d) (has/have= V1) –> sudah barusan atau masih baper saat ini (terasa saja)
e.g I have eaten my lunch 15 minutes/ 15-minute ago. I am still full.
Since 1974, Doraemon has entertained our family.

Has/Have + been + Ving = dilakukan terusan daridulu hingga saat ini + ada lamanya waktu
e.g I have been working at GO for 4-year. The river has been flooding for 2-day because the dam was broken.

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Jika ada S + has/have + V3, S + V2 (waktu tidak diketahui)
e.g Azna has heard for the announcement since it was released/since the commitee released it. Dita has been here since you
left.

Hadulu + V3 = V2 –> sudah dulu/move on/tidak terasa lagi

e.g I had eaten my lunch 5 hours ago, I am hungry now. I had locked the door before I left. I left after I had locked the door.
Had + been + Ving = dilakukan terusan dulu saja + ada lamanya waktu
e.g I had been working at PT. ABC in 2013-2017. Dina had been waiting for an hour until the bus came.

Passive : O + V (be + V3) + by S+ Time. : Jones is reading a novel. A novel is being read by Jones.

Will
S + will + V1 + next week, next year, tomorrow (waktu tidak detail sama sekali) 50%
e.g I will go to Malang next weekend

S + is, am, are + Ving + tomorrow morning, Saturday night (waktu dalam waktu dekat dan agak detail)
S + is, am, are + going to + V1 80% terencana akan dilakukan
e.g I am having a party tonight. Martha is going to have a party tonight.

S + will + be + Ving + at 5 p.m tomorrow, at this time next week, at 4.30 p.m next Saturday 100% akan dilakukan
e.g Nadya will be attending a workshop at this time next week. Dhiva will be watching Avengers at 4 p.m today.

S + will + have + V3 (akan sudah selesai pada ... by next month, by next year, by next Saturday) satu kali aksi
e.g By the end of this year, Rizka will have accomplished studying at STAN.

S + will + have been + Ving + by the time .... for ... hours/years/days (sedang dilakukan daridulu untuk sekian lama akan selesai
pada.. + lama waktu).
e.g I will have been driving for 5 hours by the time we arrive at home.
Dr. Nufransa will have been teaching at STAN for 3-year by the end of next month.

The intelectual property of @kysyam +6285288886689