TUTORIAL WEEK 14

IDEAL BINARY DISTILLATION COLUMN

PREPARED BY: DR. SITI NURUL’AIN YUSOP

 IDEAL BINARY
DISTILLATION COLUMN
EXAMPLE 1
Assumptions:
a) equimolar overflow
b) vapor rate through the system
is same.
c) heat losses from one tray to
another tray is negligible.
d) perfectly mixed liquid in
reboiler and column base.
Solution:
In

(i) Condenser & reflux drum: out out

𝑑𝑀𝐷 2 marks
TCE: = 𝑉1 − 𝐿𝐷 − 𝐷
𝑑𝑡

𝑑𝑀 𝑥 2 marks
CCE: 𝐷 𝐷 = 𝑉1 𝑦1 − (𝐿𝐷 + 𝐷)𝑥𝐷 T1 = tray 1
𝑑𝑡 T2 = tray 2

(ii) Tray 1:
LT1
𝑑𝑀𝑇1 2 marks
TCE: = 𝐿𝐷 − 𝐿 𝑇1 Incoming from tray 2
𝑑𝑡

𝑑𝑀𝑇1 𝑥𝑇1
CCE: = 𝐿𝐷 𝑥𝐷 − 𝐿 𝑇1 𝑥𝑇1 + 𝑉𝑇2 𝑦𝑇2 − 𝑉1 𝑦1 2 marks
𝑑𝑡
(iii) Tray 2:
LT1
𝑑𝑀𝑇2
TCE: = 𝐹2 + 𝐿 𝑇1 − 𝐿 𝑇2 2 marks LT2
𝑑𝑡

𝑑𝑀𝑇2 𝑥𝑇2
CCE: = 𝐹2 𝑏 + 𝐿 𝑇1 𝑥𝑇1 − 𝐿 𝑇2 𝑥𝑇2 + 𝑉𝑦𝑇3 − 𝑉𝑦𝑇2 2 marks
𝑑𝑡

(iv) Tray 3: LT2

𝑑𝑀𝑇3
TCE: = 𝐿 𝑇2 − 𝐿 𝑇3 − 𝐹3 2 marks
𝑑𝑡 LT3

𝑑𝑀𝑇3 𝑥𝑇3
CCE: = 𝐿 𝑇2 𝑥𝑇2 − 𝐿 𝑇3 𝑥𝑇3 + 𝑉𝑦𝑇4 − 𝑉𝑦𝑇3 − 𝐹3 𝑥3 2 marks
𝑑𝑡

out
(v) Reboiler:
𝑑𝑀𝐵 out
TCE: = 𝐿5 − 𝑉𝐵 − 𝐵 2 marks
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑀 𝑥 In
CCE: 𝐵 𝐵 = 𝐿5 𝑥5 − 𝑉𝐵 𝑦𝐵 − 𝐵𝑥𝐵 2 marks
𝑑𝑡
EXAMPLE 2
Solution:
• Assumptions:
• a) equimolar overflow
• b) vapor rate through the system is same. Any 2
• c) heat losses from one tray to another tray is negligible. (2 marks)
• d) perfectly mixed liquid in reboiler and column base.
V

yN+1
V
MN+1 , XN+1
N +1 tray LN+1 yN
V
MN , XN
yN-1
N tray (3 marks)
LN
MN-1 , XN-1
N-1 tray LN-1

Total: 5 marks
Solution:
(i) Reboiler and column base:

Tray 2

x1
L1
V,
yB
1 mark
tray 1
MB

B, XB Reboiler

𝑑𝑀𝐵
TCE: = 𝐿1 − 𝑉 − 𝐵 2 marks
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑀 𝑥
CCE: 𝐵 𝐵 = 𝐿1 𝑥1 − 𝑉𝑦𝐵 − 𝐵𝑥𝐵 2 marks
𝑑𝑡
(ii) Feed tray (n = NF):
V

yNF+1
V
MNF+1 , XNF+1
LNF+1 yNF
F, z V
MNF , XNF
Feed tray
yNF-1 L
NF
1 mark
MNF-1 , XNF-1
LNF-1

𝑑𝑀𝑁𝐹
TCE: = 𝐿𝑁𝐹+1 + 𝐹 − 𝐿𝑁𝐹 2 marks
𝑑𝑡

𝑑𝑀𝑁𝐹 𝑥𝑁𝐹
CCE: = 𝐿𝑁𝐹+1 𝑥𝑁𝐹+1 + 𝐹𝑧 − 𝐿𝑁𝐹 𝑥𝑁𝐹 + 𝑉𝑦𝑁𝐹−1 − 𝑉𝑦𝑁𝐹 3 marks
𝑑𝑡
(iii) Condenser & reflux drum:
V, yNT

condenser
R, xD
Top tray, NT
1 mark
Reflux drum D, xD
MD, xD

𝑑𝑀𝐷 2 marks
TCE: =𝑉−𝑅−𝐷
𝑑𝑡

𝑑𝑀𝐷 𝑥𝐷 1 marks
CCE: = 𝑉𝑦𝑁𝑇 − (𝑅 + 𝐷)𝑥𝐷
𝑑𝑡