Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties

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PRACTICE QUESTIONS
VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS 18. Name the elements with the lowest and the
highest ionisation energy.
1. Why Group -2 elements have positive electron 19. Give the symbols of two anions and cations
gain enthalpy? isoelectronic with Ne.
2. Ga atom loose electron(s) to form Ga+ , Ga2+, 20. Name the element having highest
Ga 3+ ions. Which step will have highest electronegativity in the periodic table.
ionization energy? 21. Which is shorter out of covalent radius and van
3. Compare the size of Al3+ , Mg2+ and Ca2+_ der Waal's radius ?
4. Which p- block elements exist as liquid at room
22. Predict the position of the element in the Periodic
temperature?
Table satisfying the electronic configuration
5. Arrange the acids in order of increasing acidic (n- l)d 1 ns2 for n =4.
strength; HI, HBr, HCl, HF. Give reason for your
23. With which quantum number does every period
answer.
in periodic table begin ?
6. Arrange the given compounds in order of
24 To which series do man-made elements belong ?
increasing acidic strength; CH4 ,NH3 , �O, HF.
Give reason for your answer. 25. Why do noble gases have bigger atomic size
than halogens ?
7. Arrange the anions in order of increasing radius;
c1-, Be,N3-, 02 -. Give reason for your answer. 26. How do the basic character and solubility in
8. Arrange the oxides in order of increasing basic water vary from Be(OHhto Ba(OHh?
character; BeO, MgO, CaO,BaO . Give reason 27. Which out ofF or Cl has a more negative electron
for your answer. gain enthalpy ? Explain.
9. Arrange the oxides in order of increasing acidic 28. Give two reasons, why the number of elements
character; Li2 0, BeO, B2 03, CO2 . Give reason in first period is only2 ?
for your answer. 29. Halogens have high electron gain enthalpies .
10. Why were the names eka-aluminium and eka­ Explain.
silicon given to gallium and germanium by 30. Write equations to demonstrate the difference
Mendeleev? between electron affinity and the reverse of
11. Helium has a electronic configuration of ls 2 but ionization potential.
it is placed inp-block in group 18. Explain.
SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS
12. Lanthanoids and actinoids are placed in separate
rows at the bottom of the Periodic Table. Explain 1. Explain why the first ionization potential for
the reason for this arrangement. copper is higher than that of potassium, whereas
13. Arrange the following elements in the increasing the second ionization potentials for both metals
order of non-metallic character. are in the reverse order.
C,Si,N,F 2. Although most of the elements in 'd block has2
14. Which is smaller in size ? Li or F and why ? electrons in their valence 's' shell yet their
15. Explain the meaning of a positive electron gain ionization energies are higher than Group 2
enthalpy. elements.
16. Name third chalcogen and fifth noble gas. 3. T he first (IE1) and second (IE2) ionisation
17. Why d-block elements are called transition energies (kJ/mol) of a new element designated
elements ? by Roman numerals are shown below

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IE1
I 2372
II 520
III
N 1680
Which of these elements is likely to be (a) a
reactive metal, (b) a reactive non-metal, (c) a
noble gas, ( d) a metal that forms a binary halide
ofthe formula, AX2?
4. Give the order in which the melting points of
halides of sodium decrease and why?
5. Arrange the following in increasing order :
(i) BeCO3 , BaCO3, CaCO3, MgCO3 (Thermal
stability)
(ii) BeC12, BaC12, SrC12, CaC12 (Ionic character).
6. Among the elements ofthe third period Na to Ar
pick out the element :
(a) with highest first ionisation enthalpy
(b) with largest atomic radius
(c) that is most reactive non-metal
(d) that is most reactive metal.
7. The first ionisation energy of carbon atom is
greater than that of boron whereas the reverse
is true for the second ionisation energy. Explain.
8. What is meant by 'diagonal relationship' in the
periodic table ? What is it due to ?
9. (i) Name the most metallic element in second
period and most non-metallic element.
(ii) The element with ( a) largest atomic radius,
(b) smallest atomic radius in third period.
(iii) The element having general electronic
configuration ns2np4 in fourth period.
10. Show by a chemical reaction with water that
Na2O is a basic oxide and Cl2O7 is an acidic
oxide.
11. What is screening or shielding effect ? How does
it influence the ionization enthalpy?
12. The elements Z = 117 and Z = 120 have not yet
been discovered. In which family/group would
you place these elements and also give the
electronic configuration in each case.
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IE2 13. What are isoelectronic species ? The following
5251 species are isoelectronic with the noble gas.
7300 Arrange these in order of increasing size. K+,
CXX) 1760
s2 -' c1-' Ca2+
14. The ions Na+ and Mg2+ occur in chemical
3380
compounds, but the ions Na2+ and Mg3+ do
not. Explain.
15. From the elements: Cl, Br, F, O,Al, C, Li, Cs and
Xe; choose the following
(i) The element which forms largest number
of compounds.
(ii) The element with highest electron affinity.
(iii) The element which is liquid at room
temperature.
(iv) The element with smallest atomic radius.
16. Arrange the following in the decreasing order
of property indicated :
(i) F, Cl, Br and I (electron affinity)
(ii) Mg, Al, Si and Na (ionization energy)
(iii) C, N, 0 and F (second ionization energy)
How much energy in kJ will be required to
convert all the magnesium atoms into
magnesium ions present in 12 mg ofthe metal
vapours? IE1, IE2 for Mg being 7.646 and 15.035
eV respectively.
18. Calculate the electron affinity of iodine in
electron volts if4.9 x 10-3 J ofenergy is released
when one million atoms ofiodine are converted
into iodide ions according to the equation :
I (g) + e- ➔ I (g)-
19. Predict the formula ofa stable binary compound
that would be formed by the following pairs of
elements
(a) aluminum and phosphorous
(b) lithium and nitrogen
(c) calcium and sulphur
LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS
1. Name the four blocks ofelements in the periodic
table and list the difference in their electronic
configurations. Give examples of each type of
elements. Write at least four characteristics of
each block.
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Classification ofElements and Periodicity in Properties iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii, Xl-3

2. (i) Explain the terms (a) screening effect, (b) (i) Explain
penetration effect, ( c) metallic character. (a) Why is IE2 ofLi so much higher than
(ii) Why are electron affinities of noble gases for all other elements of this period?
zero? Arrange halogens in increasing order (b) What is the general trend from Be to
of electron affinity. Ne of increasing IE2?
3. The second ionization enthalpy (IE2 ) of the ( c) Why IE2 ofF is just about the same or
elements of the second period are given below: very slightly less than that of oxygen
Element : IE2 (kJ/mol) : ?
Li 7294 (ii) Would you predict the IE2 ofNa in kJ/mol
Be 1756 lS
B 2430 (a) greater than 7294
C 2354 (b) between 3966 and 7294 or
N 2856 (c) less than 3966? Explain.
0 3396
F 3377
Ne 3966

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