KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA NO. 3, JHANSI (U.P.

CHEMISTRY
INVESTEGATORY PROJECT
Submitted by – NISHA MERDWAL Submitted to – Mr. S. K. Sharma
Class – XI A
Roll no. – 11143
Session – 2021-22
 Introduction
The sulphide ion test for bacteria contamination is good. In surface
waters, hydrogen sulphide is formed under oxygen deficient

Contents conditions. Hydrogen sulphide is also produced from the

decomposition of sulphur containing organic compounds. The
concentration of sulphide ion becomes significant only at pH 10 or
above. Under acidic conditions, the concentration of hydrogen
1. Introduction sulphide predominates. Hydrogen sulphide is a weak acid, which
ionizes to yield hydrosulphide(HS- ) and sulphide (S2) ions. Hydrogen
2. Aim sulphide is highly toxic to fish. Concentrations of total sulphide as low
as 0.01 mg/L make the water uninhabited fish culture.Hydrogen
3.Requirements sulphide also reduces the aesthetic value of the water body due to
foul colour. The bacterial contamination can be tested using H2S stH2S
4. Procedure strip. Presence of pathogenic bacteria in water can be detected by
testing the sulphide content of water. The presence of sulphide ions in
5. Observation water is an indicator of:
i) High pH above 10.
6. Result ii) Sulphide producing bacteria
iii) Diminished oxygen concentrations Conducting the sulphide ion
7. Conclusion test:- The sulphide ion test is conducted using an Hydrogen sulphide
strip (H₂S).
8. Precautions - The H₂S strip is dipped into the water to be tested for 14 to 16 hours.
- The H₂S strip turns black if sulphide ions are present in the water. The
black colour is due to the ionization of the H₂
Aim Requirements
Apparatus
To test the required
contamination of
drinking water by
1. Drinking water
bacteria be checking
the sulphide ion 2. Hydrogen sulphide
concentration and find 3. Beaker
out the cause of 4. H2S strip
contamination. 5. Thermometer
Procedure
(This experiment is to be done in an incubator.)

1. Add about 250ml of water in a beaker. Dip the H2S strip in the beaker with water.
Heat the beaker for about 35 degree centigrade

2. The temperature (temperature should be at 35 degree centigrade)

3. Keep it in incubator for 14-16 hours of time.

4.Check the result if the water turns black then it is unfit for drinking / highly
contaminated for drinking or for human use.

5. The sulphide ion test for bacterial contamination is good. In surface waters, hydrogen
sulphide is formed under oxygen-deficient conditions.

Hydrogen sulphide is also produced from the decomposition of sulphur containing

organic compounds. The concentration of sulphide ion becomes significant only at pH
10 or above.
Conclusion
1. Water is mostly unfit for drinking
from river.

2. Water is also unfit for drinking at

some of the water that come to
houses.

3. We should purify the water before

drinking. And we should not drink
water from random places.

Result
By the experiment done the result says that at some place water is fit for drinking at
some places whereas it is unfit for drinking at some places. Especially water is unfit for
drinking from river bodies.
Precautions
The handling precautions should be numerous and multi-level. They also need to be adapted to the volume
of H2S that you will have inside the lab and the extent of the research effort that you plan that involves H2S.
It is one thing to run a couple of experiments with small volumes of H2S and it is another to use large
numbers of moles of H2S for extended periods of time. For small volumes and limited experimentation,
working with everything inside of a well functioning fume hood along with a portable monitoring system, air
packs, and notification of "neighbours" and an H2S training program for everyone who MIGHT get involved
(include neighbours), is an absolute minimum. For large volumes of H2S and/or a extended research
program, you need to have the area where the testing is performed so well ventilated that all the air in a
room can be evacuated in just a couple of minutes (for this assume that the containment inside the hood
will be breached). There should be a fixed H2S monitoring system located just above floor level because H2S
is heavier than air. This monitoring system should be attached to an alarm system (both audio and visual like
a fire system) with the readout located outside of the containment area and an alarm should activate the
air evacuation of the containment area. The air pack supply should be located outside of containment as
should the buddy during any activity that handles H2S. And the training of anyone impacted by the testing
should include the operation of the H2S alarm system, use of the rescue breathing equipment, procedures
for removing someone who has been knocked down by the H2S inside the containment area and
EVERYONE should be certified to perform CPR at least every six months. Finally, don't forget that you will
need a way to recover and neutralize any H2S that you are handling. That goes for both the H2S that is
successfully contained in your test as well as any H2S that is accidentally released. For small H2S volumes for
short tests, you need to have the outlet of your hood evaluated for exit velocity and stack height. If you can
push the H2S out fast enough and high enough above the building, then dispersion may be sufficient for
safe handling (once again remember that it is heavier than air so it sinks). For large volumes and extended
research, you need to have a commercial gas scrubber attached to the exhaust system that is designed to
handle the air volume from the emergency exhaust condition. These systems can work using a number of
chemicals to scrub the H2S. I have worked with systems based upon the use of sodium carbonate and
others that used iron oxide particles.