Media and Information Literacy
- influence of media and information
to communication.
Media: tool, instrument, phone, internet
Communication: words, talk, conversation,
communicate, exchange, connection,
interaction
Information: description, meanings, inform,
words
“The essential competencies (knowledge,
skills, and attitudes) that allow citizens to
engage with media and other information
providers effectively, and develop critical
thinking, and life-long learning skills for
socializing and becoming active citizens.”
MIL is concerned with:
- the process of understanding and
using media and other information
providers as well as information
and communication technologies.
- Promote the individual's right to
communicate and express, and to
seek, and receive and impart
information and ideas.
- encourage
- helps in understanding, interpret,
and use various forms of
communication tool and utilize this
effectively.
- develop critical thinking
What is Communication?
- refers to people or groups of
people imparting or exchanging
messages through speaking,
writing, gestures or even using
other symbolic forms by utilizing a
variety of channels for sending and
receiving.
Communication
- talking with other people
● Intrapersonal - w/ yourself
● Interpersonal - w/ other people
Feedback - response/reaction/reply
Responding - there’s feedback
Not Responding - there’s still feedback
● maybe not interested
● wrong environment
● doesn’t like the message/content
● no time
Noise - disturbance
- interruption of communication
between sender & receiver.
● Barrier
- hinders communication
- language difference
● Physical Noise
- static
- miscommunication
Types of Communication
1. Interpersonal Communication
- involves 2 to 3 individuals
interacting use of their voice and
bodies.
● Verbal - oral
● Nonverbal - gesture, signs, written
2. Mediated Interpersonal
Communication
- technology stands in between the
parties communicating.
- communication through gadgets.
3. Organizational Communication
- used in working environment
Ex. email from school principal to an
academic personnel
4. Public Communication
- one person communicating to a
large number of people.
5. Mass Communication
- communication produced to mass
audience
- big audience
- TV, radios, etc.
- communication systems that are
used to configure
Media and Information influence to
communication:
Positive:
- connected to people around the
world
- influence on the modern culture
- sharing info, ideas, personal
message, etc.
- entertainment
Negative:
- a source of misinformation & fake
news (trolls)
- abused by many people
- poses medical, social,
psychological issues
- made a person unmindful of the
consequences
( think before you click )
Literacy
- proficiency
- ability to use an ever changing set
of tools in situations
Media
- method of communication
- form of publications
- used to distribute news & info
Types of Media
● Print Media - newspapers,
magazines, flyers
● Broadcast Media - radio, tv
● Digital or New Media
Media Literacy
- ability to access, analyze,
evaluate, and communicate
information in a variety of forms,
including print & non-print
messages.
The Media and Information Producers
and Users
● Media Producers
- overseas projects (films, TV
shows)
- from conception to completion
- involved in marketing and
distribution process
● Media Users
- refers to audience or consumers of
media
- they’re the receivers of information
disseminated by media producers
Producers & Users have the ff. purpose:
● To inform
● To educate
● To entertain
● To advocate
● To promote business
● To increase network
Key Concepts of Media Literacy
● Media messages are constructed
- Media texts are not natural by
“human made”
● Media construct reality
● Media messages are produced for
particular purposes
● People construct own meaning
from media messages
● Form and content are closely
related in media messages
Deciphering Media
5 key questions to ask of any media
1. Who created the messages that is
being sent?
2. What techniques were used to
attract my attention?
3. How might other people
understand or interpret this
message differently from me?
4. Are there any lifestyles, values or
points of view that are not
represented or are omitted from
this message?
5. Why was this message sent?
Importance of Media Literacy
- Empowers citizens to engage &
participate in a social media
discussion on specific issues,
giving their ideas & suggestions.
Information Literacy
- set of abilities requiring individuals
to recognize when information is
needed and have the ability to
locate, evaluate, and use the
needed information effectively.
An information literate individual can:
● Determine the extent of info
needed
● Access the needed info effectively
& efficiently
● Evaluate info and its sources
critically
● Incorporate selected info into one’s
knowledge base
● Use information effectively to
accomplish a specific purpose
● Understand the economic, legal,
and social issues surrounding the
use of info, and access and use
info ethically and legally
The Big 6
1. Task definition
2. Information, seeking strategies
3. Location & Access
4. Use of Information
5. Synthesis
6. Evaluation
Technology
- transformation created by people
from the natural environment to
meet their needs, wants, longer
life, and be productive in their daily
undertakings. (writing letters - still
technology)
Technology Literacy
- understanding of concepts behind
computing equipment, network
connectivity, and application
software
Technology literate individual should be
able to:
● Demonstrate an understanding of
concepts
● Demonstrate an understanding of
ethics & safety issues
● Use of technology for
communication, research a
collaboration & problem solving
Individuals can attain the ff:
● Significant improvement in quality
of life
● Greater political participation
● Better economic opportunities
● Improved learning environment
● Developed and unified social units
Evolution of Media
As man evolved, the media also
developed
1. Printing Press
2. Telegraph
3. Typewriter
4. Telegram
5. Internet
Evolution of Communication
No matter what you are you can access
communication, you are equal in
accessing communication media and even
use it.
Pre-Industrial Age (Before 1700s)
- people discovered fire, developed
paper from plants, and forged
weapons and tools with stone,
bronze, copper & iron.
Examples:
● Cave Paintings (also known as
“parietal art”)
- numerous paintings and
engravings found on cave walls or
ceiling around 38,000 BCE
● Clay Tablets
- used as a writing medium
especially for writing in cuneiform
- Cuneiform is the oldest form of
writing. This means of
communication was used for over
3,000 years in 15 different
languages.
● Papyrus
- debut of wealthy people
- made from pith of papyrus plant
- it is used in ancient times as
writing surface to designate
documents written on its sheets
rolled up to scrolls
● Fire smokes
● Drum Beats
Industrial Age (1700s-1930s)
- people used the power of stream
developed machine tools,
established iron production, and
the manufacturing of various
products (including books) through
the printing press.
Examples:
1. Printing Press for mass production
(19th century)
- typically used for texts
- a device that applies pressure to
an inked surface resting upon a
print medium (like paper or cloth)
2. Telegraph
- is used for long-distance
communication by transmitting
electrical signals over a wire laid
between stations.
3. Motion Picture (FIlm or Movie)
- series of still photos on film,
projected in rapid succession onto
a screen by means of light.
Electronic Age (1930s-1980s)
- invention of the transistor ushered
in the electronic age. People
harnessed the power of transistors
that led to the transistor radio,
electronic circuits, and the early
computers.
- long distance communication
became more efficient
Examples:
● Transistor Radio
● Large Electronic COmputers
● Mainframe Computers
● Television
● Personal Computers
● OHP, LCD Projectors
New Age or Information Age 3. Opinion Function - this is to
(1900s-2000s) provide a platform for public
- the internet paved the way for political discourse
faster communication and the - to facilitate public opinion and
creation of the social network expression of dissent
- people advanced the use of 4. Watchdog Role of Journalism - it
microelectronics with the invention denounces the wrongdoing of the
of personal computers, mobile government and spearheading
devices, and wearable technology positive changes
- voice, image, sound & data are 5. Channel for Advocacy of
digitalized Political Viewpoints
- we are now living the information
age Types of Media
Examples: ● Print Media
● Laptop - printed & publicized
● Facebook (Social Media) - poster, newspaper, flyers
● Google Meet (Video Chat) - still, doesn’t move
● Web Browsers: Mosaic (1993), ● Broadcast Media
Internet Explorer (1995) - TV - sound & visual
● Blogs: Blogspot (1999), Live - Radio - sound only
Journal (1999), Wordpress (2003) ● Digital Media
● Social Networks: Friendster - combination of print & broadcast
(2002), Multiply (2003), Facebook
(2004) Media exist?
● Microblogs: Twitter (2006), Tumblr - educate
(2007) - canned
● Video: YouTube (2005) - update
● Augmented Reality/Virtual Reality - socialize
● Video Chat: Skype (2003), Google - entertainment
Hangouts (2013) - express ideas
● Search Engines: Google (1996), - communicate
Yahoo (1995) - promote products
● Portable Computers: Laptops - conveys experience & emotions
(1980), Netbooks (2008), Tablets - asking for prayers/advocacy of
(1993) religion
● Smartphones - helps spiritually
● Wearable Technology - uplifts our spirits
● Cloud and Big Data
Influence of Media
Functions of Communication of Media Media Content
1. Monitoring Function - this is to Content - is the idea that is delivered to
inform the citizen on what is the audiences in a form of images, still
happening around them. and moving, audio, documents, and files.
2. Information Function - this is to - together with the text
educate the audience on the - serious, educational, academic,
meaning & significance of the cooking, travel
facts. - use research
 - fake news when uses voiceovers
form google and not really them
who are speaking
Print
● News and Information
● Advertisements
● Written Entertainments
Radio & Television Broadcasting
(similar with print media)
● Radio
● TV
● Podcast
Online Media or New Media
(all content of print and broadcast media)
● Power of communication and
interaction
Delivery Mode of Content in Different
Types of Media
● Live Streaming
- allows a creator to share creation
and idea in real time (canned)
● Webinars
- create a room for seminars,
trainings, lectures, and discussion
using online media
● Podcast
- known as “new radio” merged from
the word ipod and podcast
● Infographics
- a visual presentation of information
and data
● E-books
- electronic version of printed books
Indigenous Media
- only caters for a certain group of
people
- particular in a certain place
- variety of media expression
conceptualized, produced, and
circulated by indigenous people
with information appropriate to
their culture.
Example: In Muntinlupa - Yan Yan Comics
and Lingkod Bayan
Characteristics of Indigenous Media
● Oral tradition of communication
● Store information in memories
● Information exchange is
face-to-face
● Information is contained within the
border of the community
Forms of Indigenous Media
● Folks of Traditional Media
● Gathering & Social Organization
● Direct Observation
● Records (written, carved, oral)
● Oral Instructions
Library
- a place where artistic, literary,
musical, and reference materials
such as manuscripts, books and
films are kept for use and not for
sale.
Manuscripts
- a written composition that you see
or read
Types of Library
● Academic Library
- for colleges and universities
● Public Library
- for cities and towns
● School Library
- for students K-12
● Special Library
- in specialized environment such as
hospitals, private business, and the
government
Internet
- is a global computer network
providing a variety of information
and communication facilities,
consisting of interconnected
networks using standarized
communication protocols