Grammar

primary

: ‫( ﺣﺮﻑ ﻭﻟﻜﻞ ﺣﺮﻑ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ﺷﻜﻠﲔ ﻭﻫﻮﻣﺎ ﻧﺴﻤﻴﻪ‬٢٦) ‫ﺗﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻻﳒﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ‬
( capital letter ) ‫ه‬‫ف ا‬‫ا‬-١
( small letters ) ‫دة‬‫ة ا‬‫ف ا‬‫ا‬-٢

Capital letters : ‫او‬

A B C D E F G H
I J K L M N O P
Q R S T U V W X
Y Z

Small letters : ‫م‬

a b c d e f g h
i j k l m n o p
q r s t u v w x
y z
:‫ و‬small or capital‫ ا‬‫ م‬ ‫وف‬  ‫ك‬ -1 : ‫ظ‬
(Cc, Kk , Oo , Pp, Ss. Vv, Ww , Xx , Zz)
:‫ و‬‫ ا‬ ‫وف ا‬‫ ا‬ ‫ك‬ -٢
AE EI IY YU UO BP CS SX
FV GJ KQ

‫وف وم‬‫ا‬

(a -e -i -o - u) ‫ ھﻰ اﻟﺣروف اﻟﺗﻰ ﺗﻣﺎﺛل اﻟﻣد ﻓﻰ اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌرﺑﯾﺔ وھﻰ‬: ‫ اﻟﺣروف اﻟﻣﺗﺣرﻛﺔ‬-١

‫ ھﻰ اﻟﺗﻰ ﻟﮭﺎ ﻧطق ﻣﻌﯾن او ﺛﺎﺑت وھﻰ ﺑﺎﻗﻰ اﻟﺣروف‬: ‫ اﻟﺣروف اﻟﺳﺎﻛﻧﺔ‬-٢
‫وف ا‬‫ا‬
Aa ‫اوأﻟﻒ‬
ٝ ‫ﯾﻨﻄﻖ ﻓﺘﺤﺔ‬ Ahmed apple ant
Ee ‫اوﯾﺎء‬
ٝ ‫ﯾﻨﻄﻖ ﻛﺴﺮة‬ Eman egg elephant
Oo ‫واو‬ٝ ‫ﯾﻨﻄﻖ ﺿﻤﺔ او‬ One orange
Ii ٝ ‫ﯾﻨﻄﻖ ﻛﺴﺮة او‬
‫ﯾﺎء‬ Ice cream in ill
Uu ‫ﯾﻮ‬ٝ ‫ﯾﻨﻄﻖ ھﻤﺰة ﺧﻔﯿﻔﺔ او‬ Uncle umbrella unit

١
 a e i o u
ba be bi bo bu
ca ce fi fo fu
da de li lo lu
fa fe gi go vu
ga ge hi ho su
ra he di do du
va ke ki ko lu
ha se mi mo zu
ka le ni no cu
sa ze si so
za pe zi zo
ma me pi po
na ne vi vo

bat bell bike book but

mat me min moon Cut
cat cell nine son Sun
man men line zoo Bun
fan fell fine go Put
hat hen to
rat foot
van
‫ﺍﻟـــﺤﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﳌﺮﻛﺒﺔ‬
‫ م‬   ‫ م‬    :‫وف ا‬‫ا‬
Spelling Sound Examples
sh ‫ﺷﻰ‬ she– shoes – shirt – wash – fish – shelf -shell-
shop–Shore – cash – show - dish
ch ‫ﺗﺶ‬ watch – chair – teacher – beach - channel-chips
Chop-chicken -cherry -witch -cheat-catch-cheetah
th ‫ﺫ‬/‫ﺙ‬ the – there – they – this – mother – these-brother
think – thief – bath– thank– thirsty– birthday – thin
gh ‫ﻻﺗﻨﻄﻖ‬ high – night – right – light - weight- eight -flight
gh ‫)ﺍﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎ(ﻑ‬ enough – rough – cough – tough - trough
ph ‫ﻑ‬ photo– elephant- phone – paragraph –dolphin -
Prophet - physical – alphabet

٢
 Ture ‫ﺗﺸﺮ‬ picture – future – lecture –mixture – Capture –
tu ‫ﺗﺶ‬
nature – structure – texture - statue - punctuate

tion ‫ﺷﻦ‬ information – population – correction-pollution -

station – direction -tradition- information- Attention –
operation -ambition
ision ‫ﺟﻦ‬ television – revision - vision - decision
su ‫ﺝ‬ measure – treasure – pleasure - leisure
su (‫ﻗﻠﻴﻼ)ﺵ‬ sure - sugar
ch (‫ﺍﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎ) ﻙ‬ Mechanic-architect-headache-chemical- character
Ache – archaeologist – school- technology
kn ‫ﻥ‬ know – knee – knight –knife –knock –knot-knave
wh ‫ﻭ‬ where – when – which – why – whale-wheel- whip
wh (‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﻗﻠﻴﻠﺔ )ه‬ who – whole – whose – whom

wr ‫ﺭ‬ write– wrap –wreck– wrist- wrong- wretched- Wrestle

– wrath- wrinkle
mb ‫ﻡ‬ climb – Comb –tomb- lamb –thumb – dumb
Bomb – limb - numb
 ‫ ا‬ ‫ص و‬ ‫ م‬ ‫وف‬‫ ا‬ ‫ك‬
h (‫)ه‬ he - high - horse – house – hole – here-hello-
hand
C+ {i-e-y} ‫ﺱ‬ cinema – ice – bicycle –circle – recipe –place –
Dance – cereal – ceremony- certainly- center
c ‫ﻙ ﻣﻊ ﺑﺎﻗﻰ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ‬ car –camera – Cairo –candy-cold-camel-candle

x    gz  -١ Exam – examine –exactly –example - exact- exist

‫ت‬‫ ا‬‫ا‬  ‫ ز‬-٢ Xylophone – Xerox
‫ت ا‬‫ ف ا‬ks  -٣ mix- fix- six – nix –mixture -fixture

:  ‫ف‬ ‫دئ‬‫ ا‬ ‫ى‬‫د ا‬‫ ا‬‫ ا‬ (a)  -١
a pen – a car – a book – a woman – a fish …………etc.
: (a, e, i, o, u)‫ك‬ ‫ف‬ ‫دئ‬‫ ا‬ ‫ى‬‫د ا‬‫ ا‬‫ ا‬ (an)  -١
an elephant – an apple – an orange – an umbrella – an ice cream
Exercise 1 Fill in the blanks with a or an :
1-..........animal 2-.......cat 3-......computer
4-..........baby 5-.......eagle 6-......parrot
7-.........book 8-.......teacher 9-......watch
10-.......vet 11-......horse 12-.....onion
13-.......plane 14-......insect 15-......uncle

٣
   ‫ل‬   ‫ت‬    

‫أول ا‬ ‫ ا‬   ُ  ُ  ‫ ا‬ ‫ده‬
‫ة‬
I Me My Mine Myself
He Him His His Himself
She Her Her Hers Herself
It It Its ___ Itself
They Them Their Theirs Themselves
We Us Our Ours Ourselves
You You Your Yours Yourselves
‫ط‬‫ا‬،‫ ا‬   ‫ ا‬ ‫ع‬‫ا ا‬‫ و‬   ‫ أو‬‫ ا‬  ‫ ا‬‫ ا‬ :‫ ا‬ -١
‫ ا‬‫ا‬   ‫ و‬‫او ا‬,
EX: I play football. I ‫) اﻧﺎ( ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻜﻠﻢ اﻟﻤﻔﺮد‬
Ex: We play football.  We ‫)ﻧﺣن( ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻊ‬
Ex: You play football.  You (‫ اﻧﺘﻢ‬،‫) اﻧﺖ‬
Ex: He plays football.  He ‫)ھو( ﻟﻠﻐﺎﺋﺐ اﻟﻤﻔﺮد اﻟﻤﺬﻛﺮ‬
Ex: She plays football.  She ‫)ھﻰ( ﻟﻠﻐﺎﺋﺐ اﻟﻤﻔﺮد اﻟﻤﺆﻧﺚ‬
Ex: It is a dog. It ‫ھﻰ( ﻟﻠﻐﺎﺋﺐ اﻟﻤﻔﺮد اﻟﻐﯿﺮ ﻋﺎﻗﻞ‬/‫)ھو‬
Ex: They play football They ‫ھن( ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻊ‬/ ‫)ھم‬

‫وف ا‬  ‫ او‬‫ ا‬ ‫ه ا‬    ‫ل‬‫ ا‬   :  ‫ل‬‫ ا‬ -٢
Maha gave her a pen. / I know him.
He went with me.
: ‫ ا‬‫ ا‬‫ و‬  ‫ء‬  ‫ أو‬‫ ا‬ ‫ ا‬‫ و‬: ‫ ا‬ -٣
‫ﺻﻔﺎت اﻟﻤﻠﻜﯿﺔ ھﻰ اﻟﺘﻰ ﯾﺘﺒﻌﮭﺎ اﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻮﺻﻮف‬
This is my house./ they are their books
‫ ﺿﻤﯿﺮ ﻣﻠﻜﯿﺔ‬of ‫ﺿﻤﺎﺋﺮ اﻟﻤﻠﻜﯿﺔ ﺗﺴﺒﻖ اﻻﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻮﺻﻮف و ﺗﺎﺗﻰ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺣﺮف اﻟﺠﺮ‬
This house is mine. / they are ours
I went to the cinema with a friend of mine.
.‫ﺗﻌود ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻔﺎﻋل ﺿﻣﯾر او أﺳم وﺗﻌﺑر ﻋن اﻟﺗوﻛﯾد‬،‫ وﻫﻲ ﺿﻣﺎﺋر ﺗﺣل ﻣﺣل اﻟﻣﻔﻌول ﺑﻪ‬: ‫ اﻟﺿﻣﺎﺋر اﻻﻧﻌﻛﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬-٤
She went to the dentist by herself. I sliced fruit by myself .
You chopped vegetables by yourself. They did laundry by them selves.
Exercise
1-Join each of the subject pronouns to the object pronoun that matches.
I he it she they you we

us her you them me him it

٤
2-Fill in the blanks with the correct pronouns.
1 Hany and I are brothers. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ share a bedroom together.
2 Heba isn’t well. Dad is taking _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to see a doctor.
3 My brother is a teacher. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ teaches English.
4 All his students like _ _ _ _ _ _ _ very much.
5 Children, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ are making too much noise!
6 Who are those people? Where are _ _ _ _ _ _ _ from?
7 Mom is a doctor. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ works in a hospital.
3-Fill in the blanks with the correct reflexive pronouns from the box.
1 No one can help us. We have to help _ _ _ _ _ _ _
2 Dina always makes the bed by _ _ _ _ _ _ _
3 They painted the wall all by _ _ _ _ _ _ _
4-I sliced fruit by ..................
5-You chopped vegetables by .........................
6-He bought groceries by ...............................

‫ل و‬‫ث ا‬ ‫ة ا‬‫ل ا‬‫ ا‬

1 verb to be ‫ن‬

‫ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻫﻢ ﺍﻻﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﻓﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻻﳒﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ‬to be ‫ﻳﻌﺘﱪ ﻓﻌﻞ‬

(am - is - are ) ‫رع و‬‫ ا‬ ‫ل‬‫ث ا‬ 
(was - were ) ‫ و‬‫ ا‬ ‫ن‬ 

‫ا‬ ‫رع‬‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬

I Am
Was am not
he / she / it/‫اﻟﻤﻔﺮد‬ Is isn't
wasn't
we / you / they/‫اﻟﺠﻤﻊ‬ Are Were aren't
weren't

Today ‫ا‬ yesterday ‫ا‬

He is at the club. I was at the cinema yesterday
They are at school They were at the bookshop yesterday

(Yes/No )‫ ب‬ ‫(ا‬Is /Are )  ‫ا‬ ‫رع‬‫ ا‬-١

 Is he - - - -? (Yes, he is – No, he isn't)
 Are you ---? (Yes, I am – No, I am not)
 Are They ---? (Yes, they are – No, they aren't)
(Yes/No )‫ ب‬ ‫(ا‬Was / Were )  ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬‫ ا‬‫ ا‬-٢
 Was she - - -? (Yes, she was – No, she wasn't)
 Were you ---? (Yes, I was – No, I wasn't)
٥
  Were you ---? (Yes, we were – No, we weren't)
 Were they - -? (Yes, they were – No, they weren't)
Exercise
1- ................ he a doctor ? ( Are – Is – Am )
2- I .................very hungry. ( are – is – am )
3- she……………………at the restaurant. (was – were – weren't)
4- They ……………….. at the hospital. ( was – were – wasn't)
5-..................they at home? ( Was – is – Are )
6- ………………she in the garden? (Am – Were – Was)
7- …………………… they in the bedroom? (Am – Were – Was)
8-It....................an apple ( were – are – is)
9-you ..............a good student . ( am – are - is)
10-samy ...............at the museum yesterday. ( was – were – are)

2-verb to Do
‫ ﻣﻦ اھﻢ اﻻﻓﻌﺎل ﻓﻰ اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻻﻧﺠﻠﯿﺰﯾﺔ‬to do ‫ﯾﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻓﻌﻞ‬
(Do/Does ) ‫رع و‬‫ ا‬  
(Did ) ‫ و‬‫ ا‬  
‫ا‬ ‫رع‬‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ا‬
he / she / it/ ‫اﻟﻤﻔﺮد‬ does doesn't
don’t
I do
-------
we / you / they/ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻊ‬ did didn't

(Yes/No )‫ ب‬ ‫(ا‬Do /Does )  ‫ا‬ ‫رع‬‫ ا‬-١

 Does he - - -? (Yes, he does – No, he doesn't)
 Does she - -- -? (Yes, she does – No, she doesn't)
 Does it - - - -? (Yes, it does – No, it doesn't)
 Do you ---? (Yes, I do – No, I don’t)
 Do you ---? (Yes, we do – No, we don’t)
 Do they ---? (Yes, they do – No, they don’t)
(Yes/No )‫ ب‬ ‫(ا‬Did )  ‫ا‬ ‫ى‬‫ ا‬‫ ا‬-٢
 Did he - - - -? (Yes, he did – No, he didn't)
 Did she - - - -? (Yes, she did – No, she didn't)
 Did it - - - -? (Yes, it did – No, it didn't)
 Did you ---? (Yes, I did – No, I didn’t)
 Did you --? (Yes, we did – No, we didn’t)
 Did they --? (Yes, they did – No, they didn’t)

3-verb to Have
have / has /had ‫ﻟدﯾﮫ – ﯾﻣﻠك – ﻋﻧده‬
‫ت‬‫ ا‬
( I / They /We /you) have ('ve) + ………..
( He/ She /It) has ('s) + ………..
٦
 ‫ ا‬
( I / They /We /you) don't have + ………..
( He/ She /It) doesn't have + ………..
Exthey have a computer Hany has a green t-shirt. I have a cat
‫ال‬‫ ا‬
 What does he /she /it + have ? ‫ﻋﻧد اﻟﺳؤال ﻋن ﻣﺎ ﻋﻧد ﺷﺧص ﻧﺳﺗﺧدم‬
 What do you /they + have ?
What does Heba have ? → She has a puppet
What do they have ? → They’ve a puzzle
: ‫ ﻗﺑل اﻟﻔﺎﻋل‬Do - Does ‫؟ " ﻧﺿﻊ‬.... ‫ ﻓﻰ ﺻﯾﻐﺔ اﻟﺳؤال ﺑـــ "ھل‬
 Does he /she /it + have ?
 Do you /they + have ?
Do you have a parrot ? - Yes , I Do .
Does Mona have a hat ? - No, she doesn't
Exercises
1-I .............a box. (has – have - am)
2-They ...............a car. (has – have - having)
3-We ............... eggs. (has – have - having)
4- He .........breakfast at seven o'clock. ( has - have -having)
5- the dog..............meat. ( is - have -has)
6-............ she want a lizard? ( Is - Do -Does)
7-.............. you want eggs? ( Are - Do -Does)
8-Yes , they…………… ( is - do -does)
9-Did she play tennis? yes, she....... ( did - do -does)
10-What does ………….look like ? ( you - they - she )

Singular plural Singular plural ‫ﺣﺎﻻت ﺟﻤﻊ اﻻﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻔﺮد‬

book books doctor doctors s ‫ ﯾﺠﻤﻊ اﻻﺳﻢ ﻋﺎدة ﺑﺎﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬-١
apple apples egg eggs

bus buses glass glasses )‫ اذا اﻧﺘﮭﻰ اﻻﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻔﺮد ب‬-٢

dish dishes watch watches (s/ss/o/x/ch/sh
Potato Potatoes box boxes es ‫ﻧﺼﯿﻒ ﻟﮫ‬
photo photos video videos  ‫ﻣﺎ ﻋــــﺪا‬
kilo kilos zoo zoos
family families baby babies ‫ اذا اﻧﺘﮭﻰ اﻻﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻔﺮد ﺑﺤﺮف‬-٣
story stories party parties ‫ ﻣﺴﺒﻮق ﺑﺤﺮف ﺳﺎﻛﻦ ﺑﺪل‬y ‫ال‬
city cities lady ladies es ‫ وﺿﻊ‬i ‫اﻟﻰ‬y ‫ال‬
day days tray trays ‫ اذا اﻧﺘﮭﻰ اﻻﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻔﺮد ﺑﺤﺮف‬-٤
‫ ﻣﺴﺒﻮق ﺑﺤﺮف ﻣﺘﺤﺮك‬y ‫ال‬
٧
 boy boys toy toys
key keys valley valleys
leaf leaves loaf loaves ‫ اذا اﻧﺘﮭﻰ اﻻﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻔﺮد‬-٥
shelf shelves wife wives ‫ ﺗﺒﺪل اﻟﻰ‬fe ‫ او‬f ‫ب‬
thief thieves life lives es ‫ وﻧﻀﻊ ﺑﻌﺪھﺎ‬V
wolf wolves knife knives
roof roofs chef chefs
giraffe giraffes cliff cliffs
 ‫ﻣﺎ ﻋــــﺪا‬
: ‫ ا‬  ‫ذة‬ ‫ء‬‫ك ا‬ -٦

man men woman women child children

person people mouse mice sheep sheep
tooth teeth foot feet goose geese
fish Fish(es) ox oxen Deer Deer
: ‫ ا‬  ‫ء دا‬‫ك ا‬ -٧

trousers jeans shorts pants glasses scissors

gloves shoes socks sunglasses pliers slippers

/s/ ‫ف‬ ‫ت م‬

(‫ف‬‫ ا‬‫ت و‬‫ ا‬ ‫س ا‬‫ )ا‬:‫ ا‬  ‫ت‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ك‬
:‫ اذا ﺟﺎﺋت ﺑﻌد اﻟﺣروف اﻟﺗﺎﻟﯾـﺔ‬/s/ ‫ ﺗﻧطق‬-١
{ p – t – k – f – h – th ‫ – ث‬ph }
:‫ اذا ﺟﺎﺋت ﺑﻌد اﻟﺣروف اﻟﺗﺎﻟﯾـﺔ‬/z/ ‫ ﺗﻧطق‬-٢
{ b – d – g – v – y – th ‫ – ز‬y – r – m – n – w – l – ee – ea }

:‫ اذا ﺟﺎﺋت ﺑﻌد اﻟﺣروف اﻟﺗﺎﻟﯾـﺔ‬/iz/ ‫ ﺗﻧطق‬-٣

{ s – sh – ch – ĵ – dĵ‫ – ُدج‬z – ce – x - ss }

/S/
cats  caps ‫ت‬
ducks  beliefs ‫ات‬
months ‫ر‬ socks ‫ارب‬
tops (  )  graphs ‫م‬ ‫ر‬

/Z/
bees  cubs ‫ت ا‬‫ام‬‫ر ا‬
bags  beds ‫َّة‬ِ‫أ‬

٨
girls ‫ت‬ windows 
peas  balls ‫ات‬
years ‫ات‬ days ‫ا‬
gloves ‫زات‬ breathes ‫س‬‫ام‬

/iz/
beaches ‫اط‬ purses () ‫د‬‫س م‬‫أ‬
bushes ‫ات‬ foxes 
glasses ‫رة‬‫م‬ oranges ‫ل‬
fridges ‫ت‬ quizzes ‫ت‬
Exercise put the words in the plural

girl ................... bus ................... monkey ...................

cup ................... mouse ................... loaf ...................
beach ................... foot ................... tomato ...................
class ................... bike ................... day ...................
nurse ................... woman ................... goose ...................
leash ................... candy ................... city ...................
fox ................... child ................... plane ...................

in ( ‫ل‬‫اء ا‬‫ ا‬/‫ات ا‬ / ‫ل ا‬ / ‫ر‬‫ ا‬/ ‫ ا‬/ ‫ )ا‬ 
in ( May / 2015 / the class / summer / the evening /
the kitchen / the garden / street / the world / town)

on  ‫ت‬‫ا‬‫ ا‬‫ و‬/‫د‬ /‫زة‬‫ا‬/‫ا‬‫ ا‬ / ‫ء‬‫ ا‬ / ‫ر‬‫ ا‬/ ‫ )ا‬ 
(‫ت ا‬‫ا‬‫ ا‬ / ‫ة‬‫ وم‬ ‫اداة‬
th
(on Sunday / on 5 October / on foot / on the table
/ on TV / on computer / holiday/ birthday / the floor / a
bus …. )
(‫ت‬‫ ا‬/ ‫ ا‬/ ‫ ا‬)  
at ( home / school / night / seven o'clock / the top /
at
work /the bottom / a shelf …………… )

‫ن‬‫ ا‬ ‫وف‬

near ‫ ﻗﺮﯾﺐ‬across from ‫ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺠﺎﻧﺐ اﻻﺧﺮ‬
on ‫ ﻋﻠﻰ‬beside ‫ﺑﺠﺎﻧﺐ‬
in ‫ ﻓﻰ‬In front of ‫اﻣﺎم‬
under ‫ ﺗﺤﺖ‬behind ‫ﺧﻠﻒ‬
next to ‫ ﺑﺠﺎﻧﺐ‬above ‫ﻓﻮق‬

٩
 Exercise
Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions.
1 The bus arrived …………………………… 8:30 A.M.
2 There is a fence‫ر‬ …………………………… the house.
3-There’s a picture …………………………… the wall.
4-My birthday is ................Thursday.
5- Was there a cinema ................. from the house?
6-The restaurant opened …………………………………. 2004
7-we listen to music ....................the afternoon
8-The weather is always hot in Egypt.............August.
9- They go to school ..................foot
10- The ball is ................the box.
11- The bank is................the hotel and the school.
12- They are watching the film.............TV.
13-The children are swimming ……………… the pool.
14- He does his homework ..............night.

:Form ‫ ا‬.١

s ‫ ب‬  he,she,it   ‫ أ‬.they ‫ و‬we‫ و‬you‫ و‬I ‫ ا‬  ‫ر ا‬  ‫رع ا‬‫ن ا‬
He, She, It + inf ‫ ﻣﺼﺪر‬+ ( s/es /ies)

١٠
 I ,We, You, They + inf (‫)ﻣﺼﺪر‬
: ‫ف ا‬‫م‬
(eats - runs - walks – sings) .‫د‬‫ ا‬‫ ا‬ s ‫ م‬.١
(washes - watches - crosses - goes – mixes) . z ‫ أو‬s ‫ أو‬ch ‫ أو‬sh ‫ أو‬o ‫ أو‬x  ‫ ا‬‫ ام‬ es ‫م‬.٢
(cries – tries) . ies ‫ف وم‬  ‫ف‬ ‫ق‬ y ‫ف‬ ‫ ا‬‫ إذا ام‬.٣
(enjoys - plays – prays)  s ‫( م‬a / e/ i / o/ u) ‫ك‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ق‬ y ‫ف‬ ‫ ا‬‫ إذا ام‬-٤
:Usage ‫ا‬‫ ا‬.٢
:‫ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪم اﻟﻤﻀﺎرع اﻟﺒﺴﯿﻂ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺒﯿﺮ ﻋﻦ‬
:habits ‫ ﻋﺎدات و اﻓﻌﺎل ﻣﺘﻜﺮرة‬.١
E.g. I go to school every day. Adel usually visits his relatives on Friday.
:facts ‫ ﺣﻘﺎﺋﻖ اﻟﺜﺎﺑﺘﺔ‬.٢
E.g. The sun rises in the east. The earth goes around the sun.
:‫ اﻟﻤﻮاﻗﻒ واﻻﻧﺸﻄﺔ ﻟﻤﺪة طﻮﯾﻠﺔ‬.٣
I live in Cairo / he works in factory / she likes English .
:Key words ‫ اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎت اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ‬.٣
verb to be  ‫ أو‬‫ ا‬‫ ا‬: ‫ار و‬‫وف ا‬‫ ظ‬ ‫رع ا‬‫ ا‬
Always ‫دا‬ %100 Usually ‫دة‬ %80 often  %70

sometimes ‫م‬‫ا‬ %50 hardly ever %10 never ‫ا‬‫ا‬ %0

e.g - they are usually late . - They sometimes talk on the phone
- he never plays football- she usually puts on make up..
‫ او او‬‫ ا‬‫ م‬ every day/ every week / every year/ ‫ ا‬‫وف ا‬‫ ا‬ ‫رع ا‬‫ ا‬-٢
:Negation ‫ ا‬.٤
‫ ( وﺑﻌﺪھﺎ ﻣﺼﺪر اﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬i/ they/ we / you ) ‫( (ﻣﻊ‬don't ) ‫ ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬-١
- they don't like pizza. I don't play football on Friday.
‫ ( وﺑﻌﺪھﺎ ﻣﺼﺪر اﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬he/ she /it ) ‫ ( ﻣﻊ‬doesn’t) ) ‫ ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬-٢
He doesn't want a parrot. - she doesn't want a kitten.
(s)    ‫ و‬doesn't ‫ن‬  never ‫ أن م‬-٣
Ex :Ahmed doesn't study English = Ahmed never studies English

: ‫ال‬‫ ا‬.5
‫ ا‬+Do + (you/they)+ ‫ر‬ + ‫ ا‬ ?
‫ ا‬+Does + (he/she/it/your+ ‫د‬ ‫)ا‬+ ‫ر‬ + ‫ ا‬ ?

√-When do you go to school? -- I go to school at 7 o'clock

√- Where does she live, Sara? -- She lives in America.
√- How does your father go to work? -- he goes by car.
Do + (you/they)+ ‫ر‬ + ‫ ا‬ ?
Does + (he/she/it/your+ ‫د‬ ‫)ا‬+ ‫ر‬ + ‫ ا‬ ?

ex-Do you like fish ? yes, I do /No, I don't

Do they play tennis?. yes, they do, No they don't
Exercise(1)
1-You ( do – does ) homework in the afternoon.
2-He ( has – have ) a snack at night.

١١
 3-She (don’t listen – doesn’t listen) to music .
4-They ( watch – watches ) videos in the evening.
5-You ( don’t wash – doesn’t wash) the car .
6-She ( clean - cleans ) up in the afternoon.
7-I (don’t – doesn’t) want a rabbit.
8-When does he ( plays - play ) football?
9-They ( goes - go ) to school on foot.
10-A donkey always ( walk - walks )
11- Where does she (lives - live) ?

Exercise(2)
Fill in the blanks with the simple present tense
1 Winter _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ after autumn. (come)
2 A dog _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (bark)
3 You _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ tired. (look)
4 the boys _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ mistakes. (make)
5 Ali _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ in a department store. (work)
6 Judy _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ English very well. (speak)
7 Tamer’s knee _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (hurt)
8 Monkeys _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ bananas. (like)
9 Samy always _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ sandwiches for lunch. (eat)
10 He _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ very fast. (type)

:Form ‫ ا‬.١

:‫ﯾﺗﻛون اﻟﻣﺎﺿﻲ اﻟﺑﺳﯾط ﻣن اﻟﺗﺻرﯾف اﻟﺛﺎﻧﻰ ﻟﻠﻔﻌل اﻟﻣﻧﺗظم ﺑﺄﺣد اﻟﺗراﻛﯾب اﻟﺗﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬
E.g. Play→ played / talk → talked . ‫د‬‫ ا‬‫ ا‬  ed  -١
E.g. live →lived / close → closed / bake →baked .e   ‫ن ا‬   d  .٢
E.g. study → studied/ carry→ carried . ‫ف‬ ‫ و‬y  ‫ن ا‬  y‫ف ا‬‫ و‬ied  .٣
.‫ ا‬‫ ا‬  ‫ك‬‫ و‬‫ك وا‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ و‬ ‫ف‬  ‫ن ا‬  ed ‫ و‬ ‫ف ا‬‫ ا‬ .٤
E.g. Stop stopped / drop dropped / hop hopped
fix → fixed / follow →followed . ‫وف‬‫ه ا‬    ‫ك‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ ( و‬x / y / w )‫ ب‬‫ اذا ام‬‫و‬
.ُ ‫ أن‬ ‫ذة‬‫ل ا‬‫ ا‬‫ ا‬.٥
E.g. buy bought / take took / build built see saw
:Usage ‫ا‬‫ ا‬.٢
:‫ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪم اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ اﻟﺒﺴﯿﻂ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺒﯿﺮ ﻋﻦ‬
.‫ ا‬ ‫أ وام‬ ‫ث‬ .١
E.g. E.g. I played football yesterday. I visited my aunt a week ago
:Key words ‫ا‬‫ت ا‬‫ ا‬.٣
Yesterday ‫ ا‬/ ago  / last ‫ ا‬/ in+  /
:Negation ‫ ا‬.٤
( didn't + ‫ر‬‫ ) ا‬‫ م‬‫ ا‬ 

١٢
  I didn't play football yesterday / he didn't go to school last week.
:‫ال‬‫ ا‬.٥
‫ ا‬ + did +  + ‫ر ا‬+‫ ا‬ ?
 What did you eat? I ate fish.
 where did you go yesterday? I went to the club
//// Did +  + inf …….? 
Did Amir see his friends? Yes, he did./No, he didn’t.

/ed/  ‫ت م‬

:  ‫ل ا‬‫ ا‬‫ ا‬/ t / ‫ف‬  /ed/  ‫ م‬-١
{ p – k – sh – gh – ch – th – ss – e – x – (c)= s }
Ex. Baked - chopped – kissed - washed – laughed – brushed –walked -
fixed – joked –danced – bathed- sliced
:  ‫ل ا‬‫ ا‬‫ ا‬ / d / ‫ف‬  /ed/  ‫ م‬-٢
{ l – m – n – b – r – g – v –w – y – (s) = z }
Ex . called - cleaned – played –climbed –studied - used - loved – offered –
followed
:  ‫ل ا‬‫ ا‬‫ ا‬ / id / ‫ف‬  /ed/  ‫ م‬-٣
{d–t}
Ex. Visited – needed – wanted - greeted - dated

‫ ﻭﻓﻴﻪ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﻻ‬climb ‫ ﳚﺐ ﺍﻥ ﻧﺮﻛﺰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕ ﺍﻻﺧﲑ ﻭﻟﻴﺲ ﺍﳊﺮﻑ ﺍﻻﺧﲑ ﻻﻥ ﻓﻰ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺻﺎﻣﺘﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ‬: ‫ﻫﺎﻡ‬
e ‫ﺗﻨﻄﻖ ﻓﻰ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ‬

Present ‫رع‬ past  Present ‫رع‬ past 

Cook ‫ﯾﻄﺒﺦ‬ cooked See ‫ﯾﺮى‬ saw
Listen ‫ﯾﺴﺘﻤﻊ‬ listened Eat ‫ﯾﺎﻛﻞ‬ ate
Laugh ‫ﯾﻀﺤﻚ‬ laughed Take ‫ﯾﺎﺧﺬ‬ took
Climb ‫ﯾﺘﺴﻠﻖ‬ climbed Buy ‫ﯾﺸﺘﺮى‬ bought
Watch ‫ﯾﺸﺎھﺪ‬ watched Go ‫ﯾﺬھﺐ‬ went
Play ‫ﯾﻠﻌﺐ‬ Played Have ‫ﯾﻤﺘﻠﻚ‬ had
Wash ‫ﯾﻐﺴﻞ‬ washed Write ‫ﯾﻜﺘﺐ‬ Wrote
clean ‫ﯾﻨﻈﻒ‬ cleaned Win ‫ﯾﻔﻮز‬ won
want ‫ﯾﺮﯾﺪ‬ wanted drink ‫ﯾﺸﺮب‬ drank
talk ‫ﯾﺘﺤﺪث‬ talked do ‫ﯾﻔﻌﻞ‬ did
bake ‫ﯾﺨﺒﺰ‬ baked make ‫ﯾﻌﺪ‬/ ‫ﯾﺼﻨﻊ‬ made

١٣
walk ‫ﯾﻤﺸﻰ‬ walked feed ‫ﯾﻄﻌﻢ‬ fed

Exercise (1)
1-………………….he clean the tent ? - Yes , he did . ( Do - Does - Did )
2- Did she ............. the tent ? ( clean - cleaned - cleans )
3-Malak …………… lunch last week. ( cook - cooked - cooks)
4-They didn't ............. to school yesterday. ( go - went - goes)
5- What did you .........yesterday? ( ate - eat - eats)
6-We ................. take photos yesterday. ( don't - didn't - doesn't)
7-Did they see the show? No, they.........( don't - did - didn't)
8- I didn't ..........juice last Monday.( drinks - drank - drink)
Exercise (2)
Fill in the blanks with the correct simple past tense .
1- She ………… home alone. (go)
2-They .......................football yesterday.( play)
3-Heba and Ahmed .............. the mountain. ( climb )
4-we ............cotton candy yesterday. (eat )
5-She ............... tickets. (buy)
6-The boy............some litter on the ground.(drop)
7-My mother ...............some cookies. (bake)
8-I ................. my aunt a week ago.( visit)
9-Ahmed..............English yesterday. ( study)
10- we ...............lots of animals in the zoo. (see)

:Form ‫ ا‬.١

( am, is, are + verb + ing )  ‫رع ا‬‫ن ا‬ :‫ت‬‫ ا‬  -١
I am
He, She, It is + ( v + ing ).
We, You, They are
- Listen! She is playing the piano.
- They are cleaning the garden now

( am, is, are + not + verb + ing )  ‫رع ا‬‫ن ا‬ :‫ ا‬  -٢
I am not
He, She, It isn't + ( v + ing ).
We, You, They aren't

( am, is, are + inf…+ verb + ing )  ‫رع ا‬‫ن ا‬ :‫ال‬‫ ا‬  -٣
is he, she, it
What ( ‫ ا‬ ) + ( v + ing )…?
Are we, you, they
e.g- Are They playing tennis now? - No, they aren't.
- What are you doing now? - I'm reading a lesson.
١٤
 :‫ت‬
-: ِ ( ing ) ‫ ( وم‬e ) ‫ف‬ ، ( e ) ‫ف‬  ‫ن ا‬ ‫ إذا‬-١
move → moving come → coming live → living bake → baking
. ‫ا‬ 
dye dyeing singe‫ق‬ singeing be being
-: ‫ ( ِﻣﺛـل‬ing ) ‫ (ُﯾﻛرر اﻟﺣرف اﻷﺧﯾر وﻧﺿﻊ‬a – e – i – o – u )‫إذا ﻛﺎن اﻟﻔﻌل ﯾﻧﺗﮭﻲ ﺑﺣرف ﺳﺎﻛن ﻣﺳﺑوﻗﺎ ً ﺑﺣرف ﻣﺗﺣرك واﺣد‬-٢
cut → cutting put → putting get → getting drop→ dropping run→ running
: ‫ ﻣـﺎﻋـدا‬-
remember →remembering visit → visiting listen → listening
happen → happening enjoy → enjoying snow → snowing
-: ‫ ( ِﻣﺛـل‬ing )‫ ﻧﺿﻊ‬، ‫إذا ﻛﺎن اﻟﻔﻌل ﯾﻧﺗﮭﻲ ﺑﺣرف ﺳﺎﻛن ﻣﺳﺑوﻗﺎ ً ﺑﺣرﻓﺎن ﻣﺗﺣرﻛﺎن‬-٣
eat → eating read → reading need → needing see → seeing
-: ‫( ِﻣﺛـل‬ying )‫ وﻧﺿﻊ‬،‫ ﺗﺣذف‬ie ‫إذا ﻛﺎن اﻟﻔﻌل ﯾﻧﺗﮭﻲ ﺑﺣرف‬-٤
lie → lying die → dying tie→ tying

:Usage ‫ا‬‫ ا‬.٢

.‫ء ا‬‫ث أ‬ ‫ث‬   ‫رع ا‬‫ ا‬‫ م‬.١
E.g. they are playing football now.
My brother is reading a book at the moment
She isn’t working at the hospital today.
:Key words ‫ا‬‫ت ا‬‫ ا‬.٣
:‫اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎت اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ ﻛﻠﮭﺎ ﻛﻠﻤﺎت داﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﻀﺎرع اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ‬
(now ‫ن‬‫ ا‬- at the moment ‫ه ا‬  - Look! ‫ – ام‬at present ‫ن‬‫– ا‬
Listen! ‫ أم‬- Look out! – Watch out! ‫ر‬‫ا‬/‫س‬‫ا‬- today ‫)ا‬

Exercise (1)
1-Samy (am – is – are) writing.
2-The boys (am – is – are) running.
3-(We – She – I) are talking.
4-She isn’t (eating – eat – eats) a cake.
5- What are they (do – does – doing) ?
6-Children are (talks – talking – talk) on the phone.
7-Rami ( doesn't – isn't – aren't ) studying now.
8-Dad (am sitting – is sitting – are sitting ) in the café now.
9-Are They ( clean – cleaning – cleans ) the garden at the moment?
10-( Does – Is – Are) Mona eating an ice cream?

Exercise (2)
Fill in the blanks with the present continuous.
1- My mum .................... lunch now. ( make)
2- Tamer ………………...… his hair. (wash)
3- It ………………………… dark. (get)
4- The teachers ……….......... a meeting. (have)
5-You ......................... an email at the moment. (write)
6-The girls …………....… to music now. (listen)
7- The plane …………………… above the clouds. (fly)
8- We .....................to school. ( walk)
9-Hady and samir..............tennis.( play)
10-the train ………………………… through the tunnel. (pass)

١٥
 :Form ‫ ا‬.١
( was/were + verb + ing )  ‫ ا‬‫ن ا‬ :‫ت‬‫ ا‬  -١
i He, She, It was
We, You, They were
+ ( v) + ing
).
( was/were not + verb + ing )  ‫ ا‬‫ن ا‬ :‫ ا‬  -٢
i He, She, It was not
+ ( v) + ing
We, You, They were not
).
( was, were + sub…+ verb + ing ....?)  ‫ ا‬‫ن ا‬ :‫ال‬‫ ا‬  -٣
was he, she, it
What ( ‫ ا‬ ) + ( v + ing )…?
were we, you, they
- I was reading a book when my friend arrived.
- What were they doing yesterday? They were playing football
Was he/she (having lunch)? Yes, he/she was. No, he/she wasn’t.
:Usage ‫ا‬‫ ا‬.٢
.‫ ا‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ث ا‬   ‫ ا‬‫ ا‬‫ م‬.١
E.g. We were watching TV all the evening yesterday.
Tarek was eating dinner at noon yesterday.
.‫ ا‬ ‫ث آ‬   ‫ا‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ث‬  ‫ ا‬‫ ا‬-٢
I was having lunch when the phone rang
While/as I was having lunch , the phone rang
He was taking a nap when the panda walked

1-While /As/ ‫ﻣﺎﺿﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺿﻰ ﺑﺴـﻴـﻂ‬.

2- ‫ﻣﺎﺿﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ‬ when ‫ﻣﺎﺿﻰ ﺑﺴﻴﻂ‬

:Key words ‫ا‬‫ت ا‬‫ ا‬.٣

:‫اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎت اﻟﺘﺎﻟﯿﺔ ﻛﻠﮭﺎ ﻛﻠﻤﺎت داﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ‬
(all + morning, afternoon, evening, night, time ), while , as , just as , when ,
between 6 and 8 , at ...o'clock yesterday , at...o'clock last, The whole/all day yesterday ‫ ا‬‫ل ا‬‫ط‬

Exercise (1)
1- What (are -- was -- were ) they doing yesterday evening?
2-I ( talked -- was taking -- talk) to my friend when the bus arrived.
3-My friend came while I ( played -- play -- was playing ) football.
4-He was( chopped -- chopping -- chops) the vegetables when the panda walked by
5-( Was - were -Are ) she talking on the phone?
6-He was ( washed - washes - washing) the car when the panda walked by
7- They ( was playing -- are playing -- were playing )at 6:00 yesterday.

Exercise (2)

١٦
Fill in the blanks with the correct past progressive tense .
1 They ........................... out the rubbish. (take)
2 Huda ........................... a storybook. (read)
3 Samy .............................. on the phone. (talk)
4 David ............................. his math exercise. (do)
5 We .......................... the birds. (feed)
6 The girl ......................... a horse in her notebook. (draw)
7 Ahmad ........................................ for his pencil. (look)
8 Some children ........................ a lot of noise. (make)
9- The cat ........................... the tree. ( climb)

: be going to + inf ‫ا‬ ‫ ا‬.١

: (‫ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻄﻴﻂ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﻴﺔﺍﻭ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺒﻖ ﻟﺤﺪﺙ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ )ﻟﻢ ﻧﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻟﻪ‬.١
:Form ‫ ا‬.١
(  ‫ن ا‬ :‫ت‬‫ ا‬  -١

I am
He, She, It is + ( going to ) + ‫ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬
We, You, They are
 She’s going to ride the bus. They are going to get a haircut.

 ‫ن ا‬ :‫ ا‬  -٢

I am not
He, She, It isn't + ( going to ) + ‫ﻣﺼﺪﺭ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬
We, You, They aren't
 He isn’t going to send an email. We aren’t going to download a video

 ‫ن ا‬ :‫ال‬‫ ا‬  -٣

is he, she, it
What ( ‫ ا‬ ) + ( going to ) + ‫?ﻣﺼﺪﺭ‬
are we, you, they
What are they going to have? They’re going to have French fries.
What’s he going to have? He’s going to have some spaghetti.
(will ) ‫ ﺯﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻂ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬- ٢
:Form ‫ ا‬.١
‫ ا‬  will ('ll) + inf  ‫ن‬ ‫دي‬‫ ا‬‫ ا‬‫ت) ا‬‫ ا‬.١
Ex. I will build a sandcastle. She will plant flowers. They will go skiing
‫ ا‬  will not (won't) + inf  ‫ن‬ ‫ ا‬‫) ا‬‫ ا‬.٢
Ex . she won't play in the leaves. We won't plant flowers
:Usage ‫ا‬‫ ا‬.٢
‫ ا‬ / ‫ث‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ث‬   
We will go to school next week.  He will travel to London tomorrow
succeed. E.g. If you study hard, you will :‫و‬‫ ا‬if  .٢
١٧
 ‫ون د‬ )‫ ا‬-٦ ‫ار ا‬‫ ا‬-٥ (‫) ا‬  -٤ ‫ة‬ ‫ض وط‬ -٣
: ‫ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻣﻊ ﺯﻣﻦ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻂ‬٣

tomorrow next week / month… ............. ‫د‬‫ ا‬‫ ا‬/ ‫ع‬‫ا‬

next ‫ ا‬/ ‫د‬‫ ا‬in the future ‫ ا‬ in 2030 (‫ ا‬ ) ...  
soon  in (‫ )ﻣﺪة ﻣﻦ اﻟﺰﻣﻦ‬time ‫ل‬ 

Exercise 1
Fill in the blanks with the future tense (am, is, are + going to)
1-I ................................... an e-mail to my uncle. (send)
2-We ................................ a film this evening . (see)
3-Heba................................a haircut. (get)
4- We................................... some kebab.(have)
5-Samy................................an ice cream.( buy)
6-What ..............you .......................... for lunch? (have)
7-There are a lot of clouds. I think It ............................. (rain)
8-I....................................computer games. (play)
9-Hassan’s playing really well. He..........................the game. (win)
Exercise 2
Fill in the blanks with the future tense (will)
1-I hope I …………………ready on time.( be)
2-If he works hard, he ……………………… his exams. (pass)
3-They .................... a match tomorrow.(play)
4-we ................... a sand castle in summer. (build)
5-she.................. flowers in winter. ( not plant)
6-He................... to the beach next summer.(go)
7-Your bag looks heavy. I .............. you carry it.(help)
8-his school ......................50 years old next year.( be)

Telling the time ‫اﺧﺑﺎر اﻟوﻗت‬

What time is it? It’s ………………
What is the time? It’s ………………
Can you tell me the time, please? Of course. It’s ………………

quarter half ‫ﻧﺻف‬ past ‫و‬ to ‫اﻻ‬

It’s …......…o’clock. It’s eleven o’clock. 11:00
It’s quarter past… It’s It’s quarter past ten. 10:15
quarter to…. It’s quarter to three. 2 :45
It’s half past…. It’s half past eight. 8 :30
‫ ؟‬‫ ا‬
1What's the time? ► It's three o'clock. or It's seven thirty
2What time does Hany go to school ? He goes to school at seven o'clock.

 ‫د‬‫ة و ا‬‫ض ا‬

1 – May I help you ? ‫ھل ﯾﻣﻛن أن اﺳﺎﻋدك ؟‬
‫ا‬ ‫د‬‫ا‬
١٨
 2 – Can I help you ? ‫ھل أﺳﺗطﯾﻊ أن أﺳﺎﻋدك ؟‬
 Yes , please . . ‫ﻧﻌم ﻣن ﻓﺿﻠك‬
 No , thank you . ‫ﻻ ﺷﻛرا‬

‫اح‬‫ا‬
Let's + ‫دﻋﻨﺎ ( اﻟﻤﺼﺪر‬/ ‫)ھﯿﺎ‬  Let's play football .
How about + V. + ing ? ‫ﻣﺎرأﯾﻚ‬  How about eating pizza ?
What about + V. + ing ? ‫ﻣﺎرأﯾﻚ‬  What about reading a story ?
 That's a good idea . . ‫ﻓﻛرة ﺟﯾدة‬ ‫اﻟرد ﺑﺎﻟﻣواﻓﻘﺔ‬
 sorry , I'm busy/ I can't . ‫ ﻻ اﺳﺗطﯾﻊ‬/‫اﺳف ﻣﺷﻐول‬ ‫اﻟرد ﺑﺎﻟرﻓض‬

Countable & Uncountable nouns

  ‫ وا‬ ‫ء ا‬‫ا‬

Countable nouns ‫ودة‬ ‫ء‬‫أ‬-١

‫ء ا‬‫ ا‬ ‫م‬   ‫ت‬‫ إذا ذ‬the ‫ أو‬a – an – one ‫د‬‫ ا‬   ‫ و‬‫ و‬ ‫ء ا‬‫ ا‬‫و‬
(  ‫ذ )و‬  ‫ود‬  ‫ن‬  ،‫ ا‬  ‫ آ‬ s  ‫ أن م‬
‫ﲨﻊ ﻋﺎﺩﻯ‬-١
- a car→ cars - a watch →watches - an apple→ apples - a baby → babies – a wife →wives →
: ‫ ﲨﻊ ﺷﺎﺫ ﳛﻔﻆ ﻣﺜﻞ‬-٢
( Child ‫ طﻔل‬children ‫أطﻔﺎل‬ - man ‫ رﺟل‬men ‫ – رﺟﺎل‬woman ‫ اﻣرأة‬women ‫ ﻧﺳﺎء‬loaf ‫ رﻏﯾف‬loaves ‫ارﻏﻔﺔ‬

‫ أو‬‫ت ا‬  an ‫ أو‬a ‫ أو‬s  ‫ أن م‬  ‫ء ا‬‫ ا‬ Uncountable Nouns   ‫ء ا‬‫ ا‬‫ أ‬-٢
: ‫ ا‬‫ و‬  ‫او‬two ‫ أو‬one ‫ و‬ ‫ و‬.‫د‬‫ا‬
( water –bread –turkey – coffee – soup – chicken – meat – juice – information - rubbish )

‫د‬‫ ا‬‫ م‬‫ و‬‫و‬‫ ا‬    ‫وم‬

a bottle of water ‫ زﺟﺎﺟﺔ ﻣن اﻟﻣﺎء‬a bowl of chicken /‫ﺳﻠطﺎﻧﯾﮫ ﻣن ﺷورﺑﺔ دﺟﺎج‬

a can of lemonade
a slice of turkey
a piece of cake
a piece of apple pie
soup / fruit salad ‫ﺳﻠطﺔ ﻓواﻛﮫ‬
‫ ﻋﻠﺑﮫ ﻣن اﻟﻠﯾﻣون‬a glass of orange ‫ﻛوب زﺟﺎﺟﻰ ﻣن ﻋﺻﯾر‬
juice ‫اﻟﻠﯾﻣون‬
‫ ﺷرﯾﺣﮫ ﻣن اﻟدﯾك‬a cup of coffee ‫ﻓﻧﺟﺎن ﻣن اﻟﻘﮭوة‬
a cup of tea ‫ﻓﻧﺟﺎن ﻣن اﻟﺷﺎى‬
‫ ﻗطﻌﺔ ﻣن اﻟﻛﯾك‬a loaf of bread ‫رﻏﯾف ﻣن اﻟﺧﺑز‬
‫ﻗطﻌﺔ ﻓطﯾر ﺗﻔﺎح‬

‫ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺬﻯ ﻳﻌﺪ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻔﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻟﻪ ﺟﻤﻊ ﻭ ﻧﺴﺄﻝ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬

How many +  ‫ود‬ ‫ أ‬+ did +  + have? ‫د‬‫ ا‬
EX :- - How many cups of tea did he drink?

١٩
 - He drank two cups of tea.

How many bottles of water did she have?

- She had three bottles.

‫ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺬﻯ ﻻ ﻳﻌﺪ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻔﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻻ ﺟﻤﻊ ﻭ ﻧﺴﺄﻝ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬

How much + { ‫د دا‬ } ‫ود‬  ‫ أ‬+ did + + have? ‫ ا‬
EX :- - How much juice did he drink?
- He drank two glasses of juice

2- How much water did she have?

- She had one bottle of water.

Punctuation ‫ﻋﻼﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﱰﻗﻴﻢ‬

 ‫ف‬ ‫ إ‬ ‫ف‬  ‫ت‬‫ ا‬  ‫ف‬ ‫ أول‬  ‫ا‬
: ‫اﻟﻛﻠﻣﺎت اﻟﺗﻲ ﯾﺟب أن ﺗﺑدأ ﺑﺣرف ﻛﺑﯾر‬
They are swimming. ( ) ‫( أول ﻛﻠﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺟﻣﻠــــــــــــﺔ‬١)
Ali – Hoda – Kareem – Mona/ Mr- Miss-Mrs-Dr ‫( أﺳﻣﺎء اﻷﺷﺧﺎص واﻻﻟﻘﺎب ﻣﺛل‬٢)
Cairo – Giza – Egypt – England – France ‫( أﺳﻣﺎء اﻟدول و اﻟﻣدن ﻣﺛل‬٤)
Alexandria Library/ Giza Zoo /Egyptian Museum ‫( اﻻﻣﺎﻛن اﻟﻣﺷﮭورة ﻣﺛل‬٥)
Saturday – Sunday – Monday ------ ‫( أﯾﺎم اﻷﺳﺑوع ﻣﺛل‬٦)
January – February – March ------ ‫( اﻟﺷﮭور‬٧)
Arabic – English ------‫( اﻟﻠﻐﺎت ﻣﺛل‬٨)
. ‫( ) أﻧﺎ ( داﺋﻣﺎ ﻛﺎﺑﯾﺗل ﻓﻰ اى ﻣﻛﺎن ﻓﻰ اﻟﺟﻣﻠﺔ‬I) ‫( اﻟﺿﻣﯾر‬٩)
‫ ﻧﻘطﺔ‬full stop ( . ) ‫( ﻓﻲ ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﺟﻣﻠﺔ ﻧﺿﻊ‬١٠)
‫ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ اﺳﺗﻔﮭﺎم‬Question mark ( ‫( ﻓﻰ ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﺳؤال ﻧﺿﻊ ) ؟‬١١)
(do – does – did – is – are – have – has – had – can – could – will – what – where
– when –who - Why - How many )
‫ وھﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬، ‫[ وﺗﺳﺗﺧدم ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻧداء أو اﻟﺗﻌﺟب‬Exclamation mark] (( !) ‫ ( ﻓﻰ ﻧﮭﺎﯾﺔ اﻟﺟﻣﻠﺔ‬١٢)
what a nice kite ! ‫اﻟﺗﻌﺟب ﺗﺟﻌﻠﻧﺎ ﻧﻣﯾز اﻟﻣﻘﺻود ﻣن اﻟﻛﻼم‬
‫ ﺑﻌد أﺳم اﻟﻣﻧﺎدى إذا ﺟﺎء أول اﻟﺟﻣﻠﺔ و ﻗﺑﻠﮫ إذا ﺟﺎء أﺧر اﻟﺟﻣﻠﺔ‬comma ( , ) ‫( ﻧﺳﺗﺧدم‬١٣)
‫ ﻓﻰ اﻟﻧﮭﺎﯾﺔ‬please, too ‫( وﻛذﻟك ﻟﻠﻔﺻل ﺑﯾن ﻛﻠﻣﺎت ﻣﺗﺳﻠﺳﺔ وﻗﺑل‬Yes, - No, - Excuse me,) ‫و ﺑﻌد‬
Ali's ‫' ( وﺗﺳﺗﺧدم ﻣﻊ اﻟﻣﻠﻛﯾﺔ‬m – 's – 're – n't – 'll – 'd ) ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬.apostrophe ( ' ) ‫( ﻧﺿﻊ‬١٤ )
book

Punctuate the following sentences (three) ‫اوﺟد ﺛﻼث ﻋﻼﻣﺎت ﺗرﻗﯾم‬

1. did you see Hoda s book
……………………………………………………………………………
2. Heba went to the giza zoo last week
……………………………………………………………………………
3. Who s playing football with ali
……………………………………………………………………………
4. ahmed and Mary can see saturn
……………………………………………………………………………
5 which one do you want Mona
……………………………………………………………………………
6 this is alaa and Eman
……………………………………………………………………………
7 we study english on thursday .

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 ……………………………………………………………………………
8 What is ahmed s job
……………………………………………………………………………
9 where is kareem s school ?
……………………………………………………………………………
10 well, it s time to go
……………………………………………………………………………
11- is Samy going to come on monday
……………………………………………………………………………
12 i saw a parrot a monkey and an eagle last Friday
……………………………………………………………………………
13 wow ! what a nice kite
……………………………………………………………………………
14 heba and Sara will go to aswan
……………………………………………………………………………
15 let s play football on Tuesday
……………………………………………………………………………
16 last saturday she went to the zoo.
.....................................................................................................
17- Are azza and radwa friends
.....................................................................................................
18-ahmed and Ali were at the chemist s
.....................................................................................................
19-we visited Alexandria library yesterday.
.....................................................................................................
20-how many books did Asmaa s brother buy yesterday
.....................................................................................................

What (‫ﻣﻔﻌول‬/‫ﺣدث‬/‫ ﻣﺎذا) ﻓﻌل‬/ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ How tall ‫ﻛم طول اﻟﻘﺎﻣﺔ‬
When ‫ﻣﺗﻰ ﻟﻠوﻗت‬ How wide ‫اﺗﺳﺎع‬/‫ﻛم ﻋرض‬
Where ‫أﯾن ﻟﻠﻣﻛﺎن‬ How many ‫ﻛم ﻟﻠﻌدد‬
Who ‫ اﻟﻣﻔﻌول‬/‫ﻣن ﻟﻠﻔﺎﻋل اﻟﻌﺎﻗل‬ How much ‫ﻟﻠﺳﻌر‬/‫ﻛم ﻟﻠﻛﻣﯾﺔ‬
Whom ‫ﻣن ﻟﻠﻣﻔﻌول اﻟﻌﺎﻗل‬ How often (‫ﻛم ) ﻟﻌدد اﻟﻣرات‬
Which ‫ أﯾﮭﻣﺎ‬/ ‫أي‬ How many times (‫ﻛم ) ﻟﻌدد اﻟﻣرات‬
Why ‫ اﻟﻐرض‬/(‫ﻟﻣﺎذا ) ﻟﻠﺳﺑب‬ How far (‫ﻛم ) ﻟﺑﻌد اﻟﻣﺳﺎﻓﺔ‬
What time ‫ﻣﺎاﻟوﻗت‬ How long (‫ اﻟطول‬/ ‫ﻛم ) ﻟﻠﻣدة‬
What size ‫ﻣﺎ اﻟﻣﻘﺎس‬ How fast (‫ﻛم ) ﻟﻠﺳرﻋﺔ‬
What colour ‫ﻣﺎ ﻟون‬ How deep (‫ﻛم ) ﻟﻠﻌﻣق‬
What kind / sort ‫ﻣﺎ ﻧوع‬ How high (‫ﻛم ) ﻟﻼرﺗﻔﺎع‬
Whose ( ‫ ﻣﻠك ﻣن ) ﻟﻠﻣﻠﻛﯾﺔ‬/ ‫ﻟﻣن‬ How good ‫ﻣﺎ ﻣدى اﺟﺎدﺗك‬
How ‫ اﻟوﺳﯾﻠﺔ‬/‫ اﻟﻣواﺻﻼت‬/ ‫ﻛﯾف ﻟﻠﺣﺎل‬ How old ‫ﻛم اﻟﻌﻣر‬
What number ‫ﻣﺎ اﻟرﻗم‬ How big ‫ﻛم اﻟﺣﺟم‬
: ‫ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺎﻗﺼﺔ ﺍﻟﱴ ﲟﻌﲎ )ﻫﻞ( ﻓﻰ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﳉﻤﻠﺔ ﻭﻫﻰ‬-٢

1. Verb to (be) -------------------- am – is – are – was – were

2. Verb to (do ) -------------------- do – does – did
3. Verb to (have) ------------------have – has – had
4. Modal verbs -------------------- can – could – will –would- should – must-may-might

٢١
 -: ‫ﻛﻴﻒ ﻧﺠﺎﻭﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﺆﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻰ‬

‫ا ؟‬   { What is this ? – What is it ? } ‫ال‬‫ن ا‬ ‫ إذا‬- ١

. { It is + ‫ ﺗﻜﻮن اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ }أﺳﻢ اﻟﺸﺊ‬
Ex what is this ? it is a book.
‫ء ؟‬   { What are these ? – What are those ? } ‫ال‬‫ن ا‬ ‫ إذا‬- ٢
. { they are + ‫ ﺗﻜﻮن اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ }أﺳﻢ اﻟﺸﺊ ﺟﻤﻊ‬
Ex what are these ? they are books.
‫ن ؟‬‫ ا‬  ‫ أو‬ ‫ذا‬ .  { What is he / she doing ? } ‫ال‬‫ن ا‬ ‫ – إذا‬٣
{ He / She is + verb + ing } ‫ ﺗﻜﻮن اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬
Ex-what is he doing? He is playing
‫ن ؟‬‫ن ا‬  ‫ذا‬ .  { What are they doing ? } ‫ال‬‫ن ا‬ ‫ – إذا‬٤
{ they are + verb + ing } ‫ ﺗﻜﻮن اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬
Ex-what are they doing? they are reading
‫ ؟‬ .  { Do/ Does? } ‫ال‬‫ن ا‬ ‫ – إذا‬٥
{yes/ no } ‫ ﺗﻜﻮن اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬
Do you/they want a parrot ? ‫اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬ - Yes , I/we/they do/ No , I/they don't .
Does he/ she want a lizard ? ‫ اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬- Yes, he/she does / No, he/she doesn't.
‫ ؟‬ ‫ ا‬.  { Where is the  ? } ‫ال‬‫ن ا‬ ‫ – إذا‬٦
. { it is +( on/in/under/ next to) + ‫ ﺗﻜﻮن اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ }اﻟﻤﻜﺎن‬
Ex-where is the book? It is on the table
‫ ؟‬ .  { is/ are? } ‫ال‬‫ن ا‬ ‫ – إذا‬٧
{yes/ no } ‫ ﺗﻜﻮن اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬
Is it a parrot ? ‫ اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬- Yes , it is / No , it isn’t
Is he/she happy ? ‫ اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬- Yes , he/she is / No , he/she isn’t
Are they pens ? ‫ اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬- Yes , they are / No , they aren’t.
Are you okay ? ‫ اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬- Yes , I am / No , I am not
‫ج ؟‬/ / ‫ذا‬ .  {what does he/she want/like/need} ‫ال‬‫ن ا‬ ‫ – إذا‬٨
{He / She wants/likes/needs + ‫ ﺗﻜﻮن اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ } اﻟﺸﻰ‬
What does he want/like? He wants/likes meat.
‫ ؟‬ .  { Can? } ‫ال‬‫ن ا‬ ‫ – إذا‬٩
can you see a bag ? ‫ اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬- Yes , I can / No , I can't
can he see a tree ? ‫ اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬- Yes , he can / No , he can't
‫د‬‫ ا‬   ‫ او‬   ‫ال‬ –١٠
What does ( he – she – it ) look like ? He – She – It (is)+ ‫اﻟوﺻف‬
What does she look like? She is tall and thin
{ It's + ……o’clock }  { What time is it } ‫ م‬‫ ا‬ ‫ال‬ –١١
What time is it? It's seven o'clock/ it is two thirty
 ‫ ز‬ ‫ن ا‬‫ ( و‬When  ) ‫ م‬‫ ا‬ ‫ال‬‫ ا‬-١٢
(at night/in the evening / in the afternoon/In the morning)
1 - When do you wash the car ? ‫ﻣﺘﻰ ﺗﻐﺴﻞ اﻟﺴﯿﺎرة ؟‬
I wash the car in the morning . .‫أﻧﺎ أﻏﺴﻞ اﻟﺴﯿﺎرة ﻓﻰ اﻟﺼﺒﺎح‬
2 - When does he wash the car ? ‫ﻣﺘﻰ ھﻮ ﯾﻐﺴﻞ اﻟﺴﯿﺎرة ؟‬

٢٢
 He washes the car in the morning . .‫ھﻮ ﯾﻐﺴﻞ اﻟﺴﯿﺎرة ﻓﻰ اﻟﺼﺒﺎح‬
()  ‫ او ا‬‫ ا‬ ‫ال‬‫ ا‬  (How) ‫ اداة ا‬‫ م‬-١٣
How does he/she go to school? He/she goes to school by bus
How do you/they go to school? I /they go to school by car
‫ م‬‫( و‬ )  ‫ ا‬ ‫ال‬‫ ا‬  (Whose)ً‫ اداة ا‬‫ م‬-١٤

   ‫ت‬  

‫اول ا‬     
I my mine
He his his
she her hers
it its __________
they their theirs
we our ours
you your yours
Whose + ‫د‬ ‫ا‬+is this/that? ‫د‬
It is +(  + ‫ (او )ا‬ )
Whose +  ‫ا‬+are these/those? 
They are +(  + ‫ (او )ا‬ )
Ex. whose book is this? It is my book/mine.
Ex. whose books are those? They are her books/hers
(‫د‬ )  ‫د‬‫ ا‬ ‫ال‬‫ ا‬  (How many)ً‫ اداة ا‬‫م‬-١٥
How many + ‫………………………… اﺳم ﺟﻣﻊ‬..?
How many books are there? There are five books.
How many brothers have you got? I have got two brothers
( ) ‫ ا‬ ‫ال‬‫ ا‬  (How much)ً‫ اداة ا‬‫ م‬١٦
How much + is +this/that ‫د او‬ ‫د ?ا‬
It is + ‫د‬+ pound(s)
How much + are + these /those ‫ او‬ ‫ ?ا‬
They are + ‫ﻋﺪد‬+ pound(s)
Ex – how much is the pen? It's two pounds.
How much are the peaches? They are four pounds
‫ ؟‬ .  { Was/ Were? } ‫ال‬‫ن ا‬ ‫ – إذا‬١٧
{yes/ no } ‫ ﺗﻜﻮن اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬
Was he/she at the school ? ‫ اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬- Yes , he/she was / No , he/she wasn’t
Were they at the hall ? ‫ اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬- Yes , they were / No , they weren’t.
were you at the bedroom ? ‫ اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬- Yes , I was / No , I was not
‫ ا‬ ‫ر او ا‬‫ ا‬  (Which )ً‫ اداة ا‬‫ م‬١٨
Which + ‫ اﺳم‬+ is/are + ‫ ﺻﻔﺔ ﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺔ‬, ١‫ اﺳم‬or ٢‫? اﺳم‬
Which vehicle is faster , plane or train ?
‫ ا‬ ‫ال‬‫ ا‬  (Why )ً‫ اداة ا‬‫ م‬١٩
Why couldn't you catch the bus? Because I got up late . ‫ﺳﺑب‬
Why did he go to the market ? To buy some vegetables . ‫ﻏرض‬
‫ات‬‫د ا‬  ‫ال‬‫ ا‬  (many times ) How often= how ً‫ اداة ا‬‫ م‬-٢٠

٢٣
 ( always –once – twice – three times – never- every week )‫أﺟﺎﺑﺔ ب‬
How often do you go to the library ?
I go to library twice a week .
: ‫ل‬ ‫ او‬  ‫ال‬‫ ا‬  (Who)ً‫ اداة ا‬‫ م‬-٢١
Who played football? samy played football. ‫ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬
Who did you go to Cairo with? I went to Cairo with my family. ‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮل‬

‫ة‬ ‫ او‬‫ ا‬ ‫ أن‬ ‫ت‬‫ وا‬، ‫د وا‬‫ ا‬ (‫ )ا‬‫ ا‬‫ م‬‫ و‬،  ‫ ا‬   ‫ ا‬-١
:( v to be )  ‫ن‬‫و‬
 The new dress. The dress is new .
 Strong boys. They are strong.
Ahmed is a careful driver. The weather is hot
‫م‬ /‫ا‬/ ‫دا او‬ ‫ف‬‫ن ا‬ ‫اء‬ ‫ ا‬  -٢
Huda is tall.  Amira and Doha are tall.
 Samy is short Nady and Hany are short
(be – get – become – go – grow – turn)   ‫ل‬‫ه ا‬  ‫ ا‬ -٣
The food went bad. He grows angry. The sea turned rough.
(look – seem – appear – sound)    ‫و‬  ‫ل‬‫ه ا‬ ‫ءت‬ ‫إذا‬- ٤
He looks happy Your job sounds really interesting. You seem very quiet today

‫ ﺻﻔﺔ‬+ er + than : ‫ م‬‫ وا‬  ‫ن‬ ‫ة ا‬‫ت ا‬ ‫ ا‬ ‫رم‬‫ ا‬-١

slow slower than Fast faster than

cold colder than nice nicer than
hot hotter than small smaller than
fat fatter than big bigger than
tall taller than short shorter than
Examples :
1-Aswan is hotter than Cairo. 2-Noha is taller than Tamer .
3-The whale is bigger than the dolphin.
: ‫ م‬  ‫ ا‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ ا‬‫ت ا‬ ‫ ا‬ ‫رم‬‫ ا‬-٢
more/less +  + than
The lion is more dangerous than the elephant .
The car is more expensive than the tablet.

: ‫ة م‬‫ت ا‬ ‫ ا‬ ‫ ا‬ ‫رم‬‫ ا‬-١

the +  + est

٢٤
 slow the slowest Fast the fastest
old the oldest nice the nicest
thin the thinnest small the smallest
fat the fattest big the biggest
tall the tallest short the shortest

1- Ali is the fastest boy in the class.

2- Mona is the shortest girl.
3- The elephant is the biggest animal.
4-The giraffe is the tallest animal.
: ‫ م‬‫ت ا‬ ‫ ا‬ ‫ ا‬ ‫رم‬‫ ا‬-١
the most/least + 

The lion is the most dangerous animal in the forest .

This is the most expensive dress in the shop .

‫ھﺬه اﻟﺼﻔﺎت ﺗﺤﻔﻆ ﻛﻤﺎ ھﻰ‬

good better than the best
bad / ill worse than the worst
little less than the least
many / much more than the most

Exercise (1) Fill in the blanks with the correct comparative and superlative .

comparative superlative
hard .................................. ..................................
small .................................. ..................................
cute .................................. ..................................
slow .................................. ..................................
clever .................................. ..................................
rich .................................. ..................................
happy .................................. ..................................
big .................................. ..................................
fast .................................. ..................................
easy .................................. ..................................
Exercise (2) Fill in the blanks with the correct comparative and superlative .

exciting .................................. ..................................

beautiful .................................. ..................................
good .................................. ..................................
dangerous .................................. ..................................
interesting .................................. ..................................
difficult .................................. ..................................
useful .................................. ..................................

٢٥
 comfortable .................................. ..................................

Family and kindred ‫رب‬‫ وا‬‫ا‬

Father ‫أب‬ Mother ‫ أم‬Son ‫اﺑن‬ Girl ‫ﺑﻧت‬
Daughter ‫اﺑﻧﺔ‬ Brother ‫ أخ‬Sister ‫أﺧت‬ Boy ‫وﻟد‬
Husband ‫زوج‬ Wife ‫ زوﺟﺔ‬Baby ‫رﺿﯾﻊ‬ Man ‫رﺟل‬
Child ‫طﻔل‬ Aunt ‫ ﺧﺎﻟﺔ‬، ‫ ﻋﻣﺔ‬Uncle ‫ ﺧﺎل‬، ‫ﻋم‬ Woman ‫اﻣرأة‬
grandfather ‫ﺟد‬ grandmother ‫ﺟدة‬

Food ‫ت‬‫و‬‫ وا‬‫ا‬

meal ‫وﺟﺑﺔ‬ dinner ‫ﻋﺷﺎء‬ fish ‫ﺳﻣك‬ butter ‫زﺑدة‬
Breakfast ‫ﻓطﺎر‬ Rice ‫أرز‬ pizza ‫ﺑﯾﺗزا‬ ketchup ‫ﻛﺎﺗﺷب‬
Supper ‫ﻋﺷﺎء‬ Bread ‫ﺧﺑز‬ spaghetti ‫ﻣﻛروﻧﺔ‬ cereal ‫طﻌﺎم ﻣن اﻟﺣوب‬
Lunch ‫ﻏداء‬ Salad ‫ﺳﻠطﺔ‬ chicken ‫ﻟﺣم دﺟﺎج‬ popcorn ‫ﻓﯾﺷﺎر‬
snack ‫وﺟﺑﺔ ﺧﻔﯾﻔﺔ‬ Pickles ‫ﻣﺧﻠل‬ meat ‫ﻟﺣﻣﺔ‬ cheese ‫ﺟﺑن‬
eggs ‫ﺑﯾض‬ beans ‫ﻓول‬ kebab ‫ﻛﺑﺎب‬ burger ‫ﺑرﺟر‬
tea ‫ﺷﺎى‬ coffee ‫ﻗﮭوة‬ water ‫ﻣﺎء‬ juice ‫ﻋﺻﯾر‬

Fruits and vegetables ‫ات‬‫ وا‬‫ا‬‫ا‬

Grapes ‫ﻋﻧب‬ lemon ‫ ﻟﯾﻣون‬vegetables ‫ ﺧﺿروات‬onion ‫ﺑﺻﻠﺔ‬
Fruits ‫ﻓواﻛﮫ‬ cherry ‫ ﻛرﯾز‬Potatoes ‫ ﺑطﺎطس‬garlic ‫ﺛوم‬
apples ‫ﺗﻔﺎح‬ fig ‫ ﺗﯾن‬tomatoes ‫ طﻣﺎطم‬mushroom ‫ﻋﯾش اﻟﻐراب‬
bananas ‫ﻣوز‬ peach ‫ ﺧوخ‬carrot ‫ ﺟزرة‬lettuce ‫ﺧس‬
oranges ‫ﺑرﺗﻘﺎل‬ mango ‫ ﻣﺎﻧﺟﺔ‬peas ‫ ﺑﺳﻠﺔ‬cabbage ‫ﻛرﻧب‬
strawberry ‫ﻓراوﻟﺔ‬ plum ‫ ﺑرﻗوق‬corn ‫ ذرة‬yam ‫ﺑطﺎطﺎ‬

Animals ‫ت‬‫ام‬‫ا‬
cow ‫ﺑﻘرة‬ canary ‫ﻋﺻﻔور‬ turtle ‫ﺳﻠﺣﻔﺎه‬ lion ‫اﺳد‬
goat ‫ﻣﻌزة‬ kitten ‫ﻗطﺔ ﺻﻐﯾرة‬ cheetah ‫اﻟﻔﮭد‬ bear ‫دب‬
horse ‫ﺣﺻﺎن‬ parrot ‫ﺑﺑﻐﺎء‬ elephant ‫ﻓﯾل‬ panda ‫دب اﻟﺑﻧدا‬
donkey ‫ﺣﻣﺎر‬ puppy ‫ﻛﻠب ﺻﻐﯾر‬ monkey ‫ﻗرد‬ eagle ‫ﻧﺳر‬
sheep ‫ﺧروف‬ lizard ‫ﺳﺣﻠﯾﺔ‬ giraffe ‫زراﻓﺔ‬ kangaroo ‫اﻟﻛﻧﻐر‬
tiger ‫ﻧﻣر‬ camel ‫ﺟﻣل‬ chicken ‫ﻓرﺧﺔ‬ deer ‫ﻏزاﻟﺔ‬
rabbit ‫ارﻧب‬ duck ‫ﺑطﺔ‬ buffalo ‫ﺟﺎﻣوﺳﺔ‬ fox ‫ﺛﻌﻠب‬

Numbers ‫اد‬‫ا‬
One 1 eight 8 fifteen 15 forty 40
two 2 nine 9 sixteen 16 fifty 50
three 3 ten 10 seventeen 17 sixty 60
four 4 eleven 11 eighteen 18 seventy 70
five 5 twelve 12 nineteen 19 eighty 80
six 6 thirteen 13 twenty 20 ninety 90
seven 7 fourteen 14 thirty 30 hundred 100

Jobs ‫ظ‬‫ا‬
doctor ‫دﻛﺗور‬ farmer ‫ﻓﻼح‬ pilot ‫طﯾﺎر‬ actor ‫ﻣﻣﺛل‬
teacher ‫ﻣدرس‬ barber ‫ﺣﻼق‬ musician ‫ﻣوﺳﯾﻘﺎر‬ dentist ‫طﺑﯾب اﺳﻧﺎن‬
nurse ‫ﻣﻣرﺿﺔ‬ waiter ‫ﺟرﺳون‬ clerk ‫ﻣوظف ﻛﺗﺎﺑﻰ‬ chemist ‫ﺻﯾدﻟﻰ‬
vet ‫طﯾﯾب ﺑﯾطرى‬ chef ‫رﺋﯾس اﻟطﮭﺎة‬ cook ‫طﺑﺎخ‬ cashier ‫ﺻراف ﻧﻘود‬
firefighter ‫رﺟل ﻣطﺎﻓﻰ‬ singer ‫ﻣﻐﻧﻰ‬ artist ‫ﻓﻧﺎن‬ engineer ‫ﻣﮭﻧدس‬
police officer ‫رﺟل ﺑوﻟﯾس‬ baker ‫ﺧﺑﺎز‬ player ‫ﻻﻋب‬

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 Months of the year ‫ﺷﻬﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬
January ‫ﯾﻧﺎﯾر‬ July ‫ﯾوﻟﯾو‬
February ‫ﻓﺑراﯾر‬ August ‫أﻏﺳطس‬
March ‫ﻣﺎرس‬ September ‫ﺳﺑﺗﻣﺑر‬
April ‫أﺑرﯾل‬ October ‫أﻛﺗوﺑر‬
May ‫ﻣﺎﯾو‬ November ‫ﻧوﻓﻣﺑر‬
June ‫ﯾوﻧﯾﮫ‬ December ‫دﯾﺳﻣﺑر‬

Days of the week ‫ع‬‫ ا‬‫أ‬

Saturday ‫اﻟﺳﺑت‬ Wednesday ‫اﻷرﺑﻌﺎء‬

Sunday ‫اﻷﺣد‬ Thursday ‫اﻟﺧﻣﯾس‬
Monday ‫اﻻﺛﻧﯾن‬ Friday ‫اﻟﺟﻣﻌﺔ‬
Tuesday ‫اﻟﺛﻼﺛﺎء‬ week ‫أﺳﺑوع‬

places ‫ا‬
museum ‫ ﻣﺗﺣف‬restaurant ‫ ﻣطﻌم‬airport ‫ ﻣطﺎر‬theatre ‫ﻣﺳرح‬
zoo ‫ ﺣدﯾﻘﺔ‬bakery ‫ ﻣﺧﺑز‬campsite ‫ ﻣﻌﺳﻛر‬shop ‫ﻣﺣل‬
‫ﺣﯾوان‬
beach ‫ ﺷﺎطﻰ‬Chemist's ‫ ﺻﯾدﻟﯾﺔ‬Department ‫ر‬ ‫ ﻣﺗﺟ‬park ‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﺣدﯾﻘ‬
store ‫دد‬ ‫ﻣﺗﻌ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬
‫اﻻﻗﺳﺎم‬
library ‫ ﻣﻛﺗﺑﺔ‬bookshop ‫ ﻣﺣل ﻛﺗب‬Post office ‫ ﻣﻛﺗب ﺑرﯾد‬garden ‫ﺣدﯾﻘ‬‫ﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻧزل‬
school ‫ ﻣدرﺳﺔ‬hospital ‫ ﻣﺳﺗﺷﻔﻰ‬bank ‫ ﺑﻧك‬supermarket ‫وﺑر‬ ‫ﺳ‬
‫ﻣﺎرﻛت‬
hotel ‫ ﻓﻧدق‬cinema ‫ ﺳﯾﻧﻣﺎ‬factory ‫ﻣﺻﻧﻊ‬

Adjectives ‫ت‬‫ا‬
tall ‫طوﯾل‬ hot ‫ﺣﺎر‬ delicious ‫ﻟذﯾذ‬ careful ‫ﺣرﯾص‬
short ‫ﻗﺻﯾر‬ cold ‫ﺑرد‬ good ‫ﺟﯾد‬ quiet ‫ھﺎدىء‬
fat ‫ﺳﻣﯾن‬ hungry ‫ﺟوﻋﺎن‬ bad ‫ﺳﻰء‬ slow ‫ﺑطﻰء‬
thin ‫رﻓﯾﻊ‬ thirsty ‫ﻋطﺷﺎن‬ strong ‫ﻗوى‬ fast ‫ﺳرﯾﻊ‬
young ‫ﺻﻐﯾر اﻟﺳن‬ happy ‫ﺳﻌﯾد‬ weak ‫ﺿﻌﯾف‬ big ‫ﻛﯾﯾر‬
old ‫ﻛﺑﯾر اﻟﺳن‬ sad ‫ﺣزﯾن‬ busy ‫ﻣﺷﻐول‬ small ‫ﺻﻐﯾر‬
cute ‫ﺟذاب‬ great ‫ﻋظﯾم‬ fresh ‫طﺎزج‬ little ‫ﻗﻠﯾل اﻟﻛﻣﯾﺔ‬
nice ‫ﻟطﯾف‬ wild ‫ﻣﺗوﺣش‬ few ‫ﻗﻠﯾل اﻟﻌدد‬ much ‫ﻛﺛﯾر اﻟﻛﻣﯾﺔ‬
near ‫ﻗرﯾب‬ clean ‫ﻧظﯾف‬ true ‫ﺻﺣﯾﺢ‬ new ‫ﺟدﯾد‬

Colours ‫ان‬‫ا‬
red ‫اﺣﻣر‬ blue ‫ازرق‬ pink ‫وردى‬
yellow ‫اﺻﻔر‬ black ‫اﺳود‬ purple ‫اورﺟواﻧﻰ‬
green ‫اﺧﺿر‬ brown ‫ﺑﻧﻰ‬ gray ‫رﻣﺎدى‬
orange ‫ﺑرﺗﻘﺎﻟﻰ‬ white ‫اﯾﯾض‬ silver ‫ﻓﺿﻰ‬

Sea animals and insects ‫ات‬‫ وا‬‫ت ا‬‫ام‬‫ا‬

whale ‫ ﺣوت‬octopus ‫ اﺧطﺑوط‬ant ‫ﻧﻣﻠﺔ‬
shark ‫ ﺳﻣﻛﺔ اﻟﻘرش‬lobster ‫ اﺳﺗﺎﻛوزا‬bee ‫ﻧﺣﻠﺔ‬
crab ‫ ﻛﺎﺑورﯾﺎ‬bug ‫ ﺣﺷرة اﻟﺑق‬butterfly ‫ﻓراﺷﺔ‬
eel ‫ ﺛﻌﺑﺎن اﻟﺑﺣر‬fly ‫ ذﺑﺎﺑﺔ‬flea ‫ﺑرﻏوث‬
dolphin ‫ دوﻟﻔﯾن‬spider ‫ ﻋﻧﻛﺑوت‬caterpillar ‫دودة‬

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