UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA PERAK (KAMPUS SERI ISKANDAR)

FACULTY:

ARCHITECTURE, PLANNING AND SURVEY

COURSE CODE;

BSR 171 - BUILDING SERVICES I (AP1192E)

TOPIC:

WATER SUPPLY, SEWERAGE AND DRAINAGE SYSTEM

PREPARED BY:

NAME NO. STUDENT

MUHAMMAD FARIS IQBAL BIN RIDUAN 2020875202
AMIR HAKIM BIN SHAHRIN 2020809006
NOR ZAWANI BINTI CHE BAHAMAN 2020846292
HAZIQAH BINTI JALAL 2020871086
NUR IZZATI BINTI MOHAMAD FAUZI 2020490318

PROVIDED FOR:

DR. NOR DIANA BINTI AZIZ

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 TABLE OF CONTENT

CONTENT PAGES

Introduction to Water Supply, Sewerage and Drainage System 3-4

Building background 5

Schematic Drawing 6

Sewerage and Drainage System 7-8

Photograph Of All Equipment 9 - 11

Maintenance Schedule 12 - 13

Problem Building Service 14 - 15

Conclusion 16

References 17

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 1. INTRODUCTION

For this semester, Dr. Nor Diana has gave us an assignment that required us to study
about water supply system and sewerage & drainage system in a building 2 storeys and
below. Group 5 from AP1192E has choose a single-story house that located at Kampung
Simpang Kiri, Pontian, Johor. We need to study and explain all the system that related to the
house.

We, the member of the group together complete this task as best as possible. We also do
our best to give our best in this assignment despite the shortcomings on our part. In addition,
we have selected a suitable house among our group members to be used as an example in
this assignment. This is because, the house has a fairly good drainage system and there is a
lot of info we can find with respect to the title of the for this assignment. Last but not least,
we will discuss about the water supply, sewerage and drainge system for this house.

Water supply system, infrastructure for collecting, transmitting, treating, storing, and
distributing water for households, businesses, industry, and irrigation, as well as public
necessities like firefighting and street flushing. The provision of drinkable water is possibly
the most important of all municipal services. Water is used for drinking, cooking, cleaning,
removing trash, and other household requirements. Water delivery systems must also be
able to satisfy the needs of public, commercial, and industrial users. Water must meet both
quality and quantity standards in all circumstances.

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1.1 WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM

Water supply system is a system for the gathering, transmission, treatment, storage and
distribution of water from source to consumers, for instance, homes, commercial
establishments, industry, irrigation facilities and public agencies for water. Water supply also
delivers water from sources to customers, and provides services vital to the function of an
industrialized society and important to emergency response and recovery after disastrous
events.

1.2 SEWERAGE & DRAINAGE SYSTEM

A sewerage system or wastewater collection system is a network of pipes, pumping

stations, and appurtenances that convey sewage from its points of origin to some extent of
treatment and disposal. Sewerage also infrastructure that conveys sewage or surface runoff
(stormwater, meltwater, rainwater) using sewers. It encompasses components such as
receiving drains, manholes, pumping stations, storm overflows, and screening chambers of
the combined sewer or sanitary sewer. Sewerage ends at the entry to a sewage treatment
plant or at the purpose of discharge into the environment.

Drainage System is a method of removing surface or sub-surface water from a given area.
Drainage systems include all of the piping within a personal or property that conveys sewage,
rainwater, and other liquid waste to some extent of disposal. the most objective of a system
is to gather and take away waste systematically to take care of healthy conditions during a
building. Drainage systems are designed to eliminate wastewater as quickly as possible and
will prevent gases from sewers and septic tanks from entering residential areas.

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 2. BUILDING BACKGROUND

Age of building is 5 years. The building was built in 2015 and completed in 2016. Type of this
building is Single Story House. Location plan is Kampung Simpang Kiri, Permas, Pontian,
Johor.

Based on the map, there are none of huge

water tank to supply water around the
residential area. This house is belonging to
Mohamad Fauzi bin Abdul Aziz. There are
4 people that live in this house. The main
reason why chooses this location as their
house is because near to the grandparents’
house. 4 rooms and 2 bathrooms are built
in this house.

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3. SCHEMATIC DRAWING OF WATER, SEWERAGE AND DRAINAGE SYSTEM

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 4. SEWERAGE AND DRAINAGE SYSTEM

4.1 Definition Of Sewerage

Sewerage is the infrastructure that conveys sewage or surface runoff (stormwater, meltwater,
rainwater) using sewers. It encompasses components such as receiving drains, manholes,
pumping stations, storm overflows, and screening chambers of the combined sewer or
sanitary sewer. Sewerage ends at the entry to a sewage treatment plant or at the point of
discharge into the environment. It is the system of pipes, chambers, manholes, etc. that
conveys the sewage or storm water.

4.2 Definition Of Drainage

Drainage is the natural or artificial removal of a surface's water and sub-surface water from
an area with excess of water. The internal drainage of most agricultural soils is good enough
to prevent severe waterlogging (anaerobic conditions that harm root growth), but many soils
need artificial drainage to improve production or to manage water supplies.

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4.3 Function Of Sewerage

The function of sewerage system is used to collect the water and to clean it before returning
it to the environment. Sewerage system is very important as it give benefit for people to
transport the wastes or sewage away from their living places. Therefore, the system should
be functioning well because improper functioning system will lead to pollution and
contamination of several aspects of our surrounding which affect human health and life. So,
regular maintenance should be done to the manage sewerage system and appropriate
design have to apply to the new sewerage systems to ensure the sewerage systems are in
good and better condition. Lastly, is to protect water quality and public health. A series of
underground pipes and manholes, pumping stations, and other appurtenances convey
sewage from homes, businesses and industries to wastewater treatment plants where it is
cleaned and returned to the environment.

4.4 Function Of Drainage

Drainage is the method of removing surface or sub-surface water from a given area.
Drainage systems include all of the piping within a private or public property that conveys
sewage, rainwater, and other liquid waste to a point of disposal. The main objective of a
drainage system is to collect and remove waste matter systematically to maintain healthy
conditions in a building. Drainage systems are designed to dispose of wastewater as quickly
as possible and should prevent gases from sewers and septic tanks from entering residential
areas.

It is the arrangement provided in a house or building for collecting or conveying waste water
through drain pipes, by gravity, to join either a public sewer or a domestic septic tank is
termed as house drainage or building drainage.

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 5. PHOTOGRAPH OF ALL EQUIPMENT

NO. EQUIPMENT FUNCTION

1. Sink -used as a place for activities such

as hand washing or dishes.
-have grooves that allow water to
escape and sometimes have soap
storage.

2. - to get rid of human waste: urine

Toilet and feces.

3. Bottle Trap -to block insects, prevent foul

odors and gases from entering the
house through the exhaust pipeline

4. P Trap -to block insects, prevent foul

odors and gases from entering the
house through the exhaust pipeline

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5. S Trap -to block insects, prevent foul
odors and gases from entering the
house through the exhaust pipeline

6. Poly -The use of poly pipe is that it is

Pipe used for the installation of pipes
below the ground surface, concrete
walls and floors.

7. PVC Used for distribution pipes,

Pipe washing pipes and overflow pipes.
Not suitable for channeling hot
water.

8. Outer Threaded Poly Elbow -Connected with PVC pipe using

PVC type PT socket valve adapter
valve adapter.

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9. Deep Threaded Poly Tee -Connected to PVC pipe using
PVC valve socket adapter.
Can also be connected directly to
the tap.

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 6. MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE

In our house, water supply and drainage system might be the one that we did not care.
Because we use water and sewer system multiple times, of course the systems need
maintenance to ensure it can be used for a long period time. Many ways of maintenance that
we can try.

 Clean Every Drain Every Month

Pipes and sewers back up once water and waste can’t flow freely, which may happen
once gunk builds informed the within of your pipes. So, you must clean your drains
monthly, mistreatment using enzyme-based cleaner—not a chemical-based one that
may harm your pipes. If you like a homemade answer, send some sodium hydrogen
carbonate and vinegar down the drain, let the mixture work its magic for quarter-hour
some, and so rinse with boiling water.

 Flush Correctly
If you do not want any problem happen when you using your toilet, make sure you
did not flush any garbage into the toilet unless human waste. No diapers and
feminine hygiene are allowed. If we let this happen, the sewerage and drainage
system will get blocked and the toilet will clog.

 Never Pour Grease Down Your Kitchen Drain

All of your pipes eventually connect below your home at a main drain that carries
everything to the sewer line. Meaning if you put grease down your sink, it will go to
coat not just that pipe, however but each pipe on its but, and as well as, the main
sewer. The grease can transform to fatbergs. The fatbergs can cause disaster to
sewer system.

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 Keep Roots Away from Your Sewer Line
Make sure when you have sewer line in backyard of your house, make sure that you
remove any trees and large bushes because their roots can cause a clog to the
sewer and cause a damage.

 Have Your Sewer Line Professionally Inspected and Cleaned Every Three
Years
If you want your sewer in a good condition, call a residential plumber inspect to check
up the condition every three years at least. This action is to keep the sewer line stay
in a good condition.

 Check up on All Pipes in House Once a Month

Make sure every month you checked up on every pipe that you have in your house. If
there are any leaking on the pipes, you will notice them. You can patch the leaking
area and avoid any accident.

 Do not Set the Water Pressure too High

Not only clog can damage the plumbing system but also sending too much water with
high pressure also can damage the plumbing system. The effects when the water
pressure is too high is the pipes will crack and leaks. If you discover your pressure is
too high, call in a pro to install a regulator.

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7._PROBLEMS IN BUILDING SERVICES

1) Leaking faucet

Leaking faucets are one of the common problems in the bathroom. Leaking faucets not
only wastewater, but the sound of water dripping is very annoying.

To solve this problem, the faucet needs immediate maintenance. Before removing the
faucet, make sure the water is turned off first. There is usually a valve located under the sink
that can be twisted. Also be sure to close the sink hole to prevent any screws from falling
inside. Then, start removing the components in the faucet one by one. Usually, we need a
spanner and a flat eye screw twister for this work. Take a picture with a smartphone first so
we can remember how to put it back on later. We can also identify what type of faucet (any
type of ball, cartridge, ceramic, or compression) to refer to the pictures on the Internet. We
may notice faulty components, whether the rubber is already loose, screws are loose, the
cover is broken and so on. We can first clean these components with vinegar. If it is clean
but still leaking, you can take the components to a hardware store to replace with new ones.

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2) The sink is leaking

Leaking sinks are also one of the most common problems in the bathroom in every home.
This may be due to the sink being clogged by something like hair.

The way to solve the problem is, close the water source first, either with the sink valve or
the main water source. After that, place the bucket under the sink and twist which part can
be removed, usually using only your hands. Clean and rinse the part so that the dirt can be
removed. Reinstall and notice if there are still any leaks. If after cleaning it still leaks, it may
be related to old components, such as loose rubber bands. You can take these components
to a hardware store for replacement.

3) The toilet is clogged

Clogged toilets are a common occurrence in all toilets caused by foreign objects that are
clogged in the toilet such as facial tissues, cigarette butts and even sanitary napkins.

There are many ways to deal with a clogged toilet, one of which is to use laundry bleach
by pouring 0.5 to 0.7 liters of bleach or clothes bleach such as Clorox into a toilet bowl. this
method is for severe clogged toilet problems with water filling the space in the toilet bowl.
Add a cup of powdered soap, for example laundry detergent, wait up to 20 to 30 minutes for
the chemical to recreate. then flush your toilet or flush with water.

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8._CONCLUSION

The conclusion is that a good drainage system is very important to a building structure
such as a house. This is because, water is something that is very important in our daily lives
because we really need clean water to do various things such as cooking, bathing and
others. Besides that, soil erosion will be reduced when a house is equipped with a
functioning drainage system because there is no residual water in the soil, which prevents it
from becoming muddy. Soil damage, which often causes soil erosion, can be avoided with
the use of drainage systems. This can help you not to have to manage the land on a regular
basis.

Besides that, you also don’t have to worry about coming in contact with microorganisms
that grow in muddy dirt. By using the services of a professional plumber, you can perform a
routine assessment of the status of your drainage system. Anything that could block the flow
of water should be cleaned. Then, you must have a good drainage system to be able to get
clean water on a daily basis. Although sometimes the matter requires a considerable
expense, but it is very worthwhile to invest in the matter to install the right drain around the
house area. This can help smooth the flow of water out of the pipe drainage without any
problems.

Based on all the descriptions that have been described at length above, then indeed a
good water drainage system can guarantee the cleanliness of the water used by the
occupants of their respective homes.

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9. REFERENCES

https://www.slideshare.net/arohthombre/water-supply-system-for-town-and-building

https://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp?ID=2913

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/water-supply-systems

https://www.britannica.com/technology/wastewater-treatment/Sewerage-systems

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sewerage

https://www.schoolofpe.com/blog/2017/08/basic-types-of-residential-drainage-systems.html

https://tscplumbing.com/10-expert-ways-to-take-care-of-pipes-and-drains/

https://www.propertyguru.com.my/property-guides/9-masalah-penyelenggaraan-rumah-baiki-
sendiri-37668

https://www.google.com/maps/search/No+57+kampung+simpang+kiri+82300+permas+ponti
an+johor/@1.3336761,103.4576004,712m/data=!3m1!1e3

https://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Difference_between_drains_and_sewers

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