இலங்கையில் எளிதிற் பாதிப்புக்குள்ளாகின்ற குடும்பங்களின் பராமரிப்புச் சம்பந்தப்பட்ட பெண்களின் ஊதியம் பெறாத பராமரிப்புப் பணி - ஒரு கொள்கை மீளாய்வு

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ngwhj guhkupg;Gg; gzpapy; (UCW) mjpf Neuj;ij nrytpLfpd;wdu;.
cyfpy; midj;Jg; ghfq;fspYk; cs;s ngz;fs; jq;fs; ehspd; xU Kf;fpa gFjpia Cjpak; ngWk; nraw;ghLfSf;F Nkyjpfkhf jq;fs; tPl;L kw;Wk; guhkupg;G
tfpgq;fpd; vjpu;ghu;g;Gfis G+u;j;jp nra;tjpy; nrytpLfpd;wdu;. lnad; vy;rd; (2017) jdJ nry;thf;F kpf;f ntspaPLfspy;; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;s tplaq;fspd; mbg;gilapy;
'FLk;gq;fs; kw;Wk; r%fq;fspy; Cjpak; ngwhj guhkupg;Gg; gzp kw;Wk; tPl;L Ntiyfs;> kf;fis ftdpj;Jf;nfhs;sy;> mtu;fspd; md;whlj; Njitfis G+u;j;jp
nra;jy;> kw;Wk; gps;isfs;> eyptile;j Kjpatu;fs;> Neha;tha;g;gl;ltu;fs; my;yJ CdKw;Nwhu; MfpNahiug; guhkupj;jy;” Nghd;wtw;wpy; ngz;fs; njhlu;e;J Kf;fpa
nghWg;Gf;fis tfpg;gjd; fhuzkhf Cjpa ,ilntspiaf; Fiwg;gj;jpy; Kd;Ndw;wj;ijf; fhzKbahJs;sJ.
,yq;ifapYs;s ngz;fs; kw;Wk; rpWkpfs;> FLk;g kw;Wk; guhkupg;G nraw;ghLfs; Kw;wpYk; ngz;zpd; tfpgq;Nf vd;w fyhrhu kw;Wk; r%f epajpia njhlu;e;J
filg;gpbf;fpd;wdu;.
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tiuaWf;fg;gLtjpy;iy. njhopyhsu; gil fzf;nfLg;G 2020MdJ nghUshjhu nray;epiyaw;w jd;ikf;F xU fhuzkhf ngupJk; ngz;fspd; UCW fhzg;gLk; 'tPl;L
Ntiyfspy; <LgLtij' tifg;gLj;Jfpd;wJ.
,t; mZFKiwahdJ> EAP ,y; cs;s mjpf Mz;fs; jq;fshy; nraw;wpwDld; njhopy;tha;g;Gfspy; <Lgltjw;Ff; fhuzkhf mike;Js;s mtu;fsJ FLk;gq;fspy;
cs;s ,isQu;fs;> Kjpatu;fs; kw;Wk; PWD MfpNahupd; guhkupg;ghsu;fshf ngz;fs; nraw;gLk; cz;ikia Gwf;fzpf;fpd;wJ. EAP ,y; cs;s ngz;fs; ngUk;ghYk;
FLk;gj;jpy;; kw;Wk; mtu;fspd; r%f tfpgq;Ffspy; mbf;fb UCW ,d; mjpf nghWg;Gf;fis ,izj;Jf; nfhs;fpd;wdu;. nfhtpl;-19 njhw;WNehahdJ ngz;fspd;
,dg;ngUf;fk; kw;Wk; r%fk; rhu;e;j nghWg;GfSld; mtu;fsJ Mf;ftsr; Rikfis mjpfupj;Js;sJ.
KjpNahu; kw;Wk; CdKw;w FLk;g cWg;gpdu;fisg; guhkupf;Fk; FLk;gq;fSf;F MjuT Njit vd;gij Vw;Gj;njuptpf;Fk; kw;Wk; mq;fPfupf;Fk; mur nfhs;iffs; vJTk;
fhzg;gLtjpy;iy. mt;thwhd FLk;gq;fSf;F muR ve;jtpjkhd cjtpAk; toq;Ftjpy;iy. FLk;gq;fisg; Gwf;fzpg;gjhy;> KjpNahu; kw;Wk; CdKw;w FLk;g
cWg;gpdu;fis jdpg;gl;l Kiwapy; ftdpj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;ba epiy Vw;gl;Ls;sJld; FLk;gj;jpy; cs;s ngz;fspd; nghWg;Gk; ePl;bf;fg;gLfpwJ.

mwpKfk;
'guhkupg;G” vd;w fUj;JUtpd; nghJthd r%fj;jpd; ,d;wpaikahj mq;fkhd Cjpak; ngwhj guhkupg;Gg; gzpahdJ (UCW)> 1. ,yq;ifj; njhopyhsu; gilf; fzf;nfLg;gpd; Fwpg;gpl;l
ehshe;j tPl;LNtiyfs; kw;Wk; rpwhu;fs;> Kjpatu;fs; kw;Wk; khw;whw;wy; cs;s fhyg;gFjpapy; gzpapy; <LgLk; {<Lgl;l my;yJ Ntiyapy;yhj
fz;Nzhl;lkhdJ 'Ntiy” cld; FLk;g cWg;gpdu;fisg; guhkupg;gij cs;slf;Ffpd;wJ. rk;gpujhakhf ,g;gzpfs;

midj;J egu;fSk; nghUshjhu uPjpahf nray;epiyapYs;s
rdj;njhif (EAP) vd Fwpg;gplg;gLfpd;wdu;. See Department
of Census and Statistics, “Sri Lanka Labour Force Survey Annual
njhlu;Gilajhf ,izj;Jg; ghu;f;fg;glhikapd; ngz;fspdhNyNa Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLfpd;wd. vt;thwhapDk;> nghUshjhuj;jpy;

mtu;fspd; xU Kf;fpakhd gq;fspg;Gf; fhzg;gLfpd;w NghjpYk;> Cjpak;
Report – 2020,” 7, accessed March 7, 2022, http://www.statistics.gov.
lk/LabourForce/StaticalInformation/AnnualReports/2020
2. Ibid, 8
fhuzj;jpdhy; mj;jifa gzpf;F nghJthf ngwhj guhkupg;Gg; gzpfisr; nra;gtu;fs; gy ehLfspy; njhopyhsu; gilapy; 3. Ibid, 12
Nru;j;Jf; fzf;fplg;gLtjpy;iy. 2020Mk; Mz;bd; ,yq;ifj; njhopyhsu; gil 4. Kottegoda, S.“Keynote: Importance of Recognising Unpaid Care
nghUshjhu kjpg;G toq;fg;gLtjpy;iy. fzf;nfLg;gpd; gpufhuk;> nghUshjhu uPjpahf nray;epiyapYs;s (EAP) 8.5 kpy;ypad;
Work. Bringing Unpaid Care Work from the Private to Public Arena –
Through the ‘Empowerment’ Looking Glass,” Women and Media
Collective, accessed March 7, 2022, https://womenandmedia.org/
nghUshjhuj;jpy;> 'Ntiy” vd;gJ gzk;rhu; rdj;njhifapy;> mz;zsthf 2.8 kpy;ypad; (34¤) ngz;fs; khj;jpuNk ,Ug;gjhf
kjpg;gplg;gLfpd;wJ.1 mNjrkak;> nghUshjhu uPjpahf nray;epiyaw;w rdj;njhifahd 5.
keynote-importance-of-recognising-unpaid-care-work/.
Ibid
tUthiar; Nru;f;Fk; nraw;ghL vd (EIP) 8.3 kpy;ypadpy; Rkhu; 6 kpy;ypad; (73.5¤) ngz;fs; fhzg;gLfpd;wdu;.2 EIP vd 6. Anusha Ban, “Triple Burden of Women: Conflicting
Gender Norms,” The Himalayan Times, March 2, 2018,
tifg;gLj;jg;gl;ltu;fspy; (ngz;fs; kw;Wk; Mz;fs; ,UghyhUk;) 45.3 rjtPjkhdtu;fs; https://thehimalayantimes.com/opinion/triple-burden-women-
tiuaWf;fg;gLtjhy;> epjpapay; mu;j;jq;fisf; “tPl;L Ntiyfspy; <LgLgtu;fs;” vd;W milahsg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wdu;. ,g;gpuptpy;

conflicting-gender-norms “xU ngz;zpd; ,dg;ngUf;f
tfpgq;F> guhkupg;G kw;Wk; NgZif (Foe;ij ngw;nwLj;jy;>
tsu;g;G kw;Wk; guhkupg;G)> tUkhdj;ij <l;Lk; nraw;ghLfSld;
nfhz;Ls;sJ. mjdbg;gilapy;> njhopyhsu; fhzg;gLk; ngz;fspd; rjtPjk; 60.3 Mf cs;s mNjrkak; Mz;fs; 3.7 rjtPjkhf
kl;LNk fhzg;gLfpd;wdu;.3
njhlu;Gila Mf;fts tfpgq;F kw;Wk; r%f epu;thfj;jpd;
tfpgq;fhdJ ngUk;ghYk; r%f kl;lj;jpyhd eltbf;iffs;>
tPl;L Ntiy> Rfhjhug; guhkupg;Gg; Nghd;w nraw;ghLfSld;
gilapy; cs;s ngz;fs; nghJthf mtu;fspd; njhlu;GilaJ.”
Mf;ftsk;> ,dg;ngUf;fk; kw;Wk; r%f NkNy Fwpg;gplg;gl;l tifg;gLj;jyhdJ> “guhkupg;G” vd;w fUj;JUtpd; nghJthd
fz;Nzhl;lj;Jld; njhlu;GilajhfNt md;wp> ‘Ntiy” cld; njhlu;Gilajhf
tfpgq;Ffs; vd %d;W Rikfisj; jhq;Fk; ,izj;Jg; ghu;f;fg;gLtjpy;iy. MfNt> mj;jifa gzpf;Fg; nghUshjhu kjpg;Gf;
nghWg;Gs;stu;fshf rpj;jpupf;fg;gLfpd;wdu;. toq;fg;gLtjpy;iy. khwhf> ,J ngUk;ghYk; FLk;gj;jpy; Nt&d;wpapUf;Fk; nghJeyj;
jd;ik kw;Wk; jd;dykw;w jd;ik Mfpatw;wpd; mbg;gilapy;> ngz;fs; guhkupg;G
toq;Feu;fs; vd;w Kf;fpa tfpgq;fpy; milahsg;gLj;jg;gl;Lr; rpj;jupf;fg;gLfpwhu;fs;.4
nghUshjhuj;jpy;> “Ntiy” vd;gJ gzk;rhu; tUthiar; Nru;f;Fk; nraw;ghL vd
tiuaWf;fg;gLtjhy;> epjpapay; mu;j;jq;fisf; nfhz;Ls;sJ.5 Nkhrupd; ghy;epiy
gFg;gha;Tf; fl;likg;ghdJ ngz;fspd; gzpia Vw;fdNt fhzg;gLk; tfpgq;Ffis
ePf;fhky; mtu;fs; Rkf;Fk; Nkyjpf tfpgq;Ffis Vw;Wf;nfhz;L %d;W nraw;fskhf
tifg;gLj;JfpwJ. mjdbg;gilapy;> njhopyhsu; gilapy; cs;s ngz;fs; nghJthf
mtu;fspd; Mf;ftsk;> ,dg;ngUf;fk; kw;Wk; r%f tfpgq;Ffs; vd %d;W Rikfisj;
jhq;Fk; nghWg;Gs;stu;fshfr; rpj;jpupf;fg;gLfpd;wu;.6 ngz;fspd; Cjpak; ngwhj
gzpapid ,izj;Jg; ghu;f;ifapy;> nghJthf Mz;fis tplg; ngz;fs; ePz;l

mwpKfk;
Neuk; Ntiy nra;gtu;fshff; fhzg;gLfpd;wdu;.7 nghUshjhuj;jpy; ngz;fspd; gpuhe;jpa ehLfshy; mwptpf;fg;gl;l Jupj epthuz epfo;r;rpfs; kw;Wk; mtrufhy 7. Rania Antonopoulos, “The Unpaid Care Work-paid Work Connection,” in Working Paper
gq;fspg;ig kjpg;gpLk; NghJ> epjprhu; Cjpaj;jpw;fhf (Mf;ftsg;gzp) nra;ag;gLk; eltbf;iffspy; ngz;fs; kw;Wk; guhkupg;Gg; gzpfspy; <LgLNthu; ntspg;gilahf No. 541 (Levy Economics Institute of Bard College, 2008), 20, https://www.econstor.eu/
bitstream/10419/31491/1/584728263.pdf.
NtiyAld;> ‘,dg;ngUf;fk;’ rhu;e;j gzpiaf; fl;lhakhff; fUj;jpw; nfhs;s cs;thq;fg;gltpy;iy.13 8. See note 4
Ntz;Lk;. Vnddpy;> ,dg;ngUf;fk; rhu;e;j Ntiyfs; epiwNtw;wg;glhj rkaj;jpy; 9. “Unpaid Work,” ILOSTAT (blog), accessed March 7, 2022, https://ilostat.ilo.org/topics/
unpaid-work/.
midj;J tPLrhu; nraw;ghLfSk; Klq;FtJld; Vida njhopyhsu;fs; “Mf;fts”
10. Anarkalee Perera, “Unpaid Care Work: The Overlooked Barrier in Women’s Economic
Ntiyfspy; <Lgl KbahJ fhzg;gLthu;fs;.8 Jujp~;ltrkhfj; njhd;W 1.1 #oy; epytug; gFg;gha;T - KjpNahu; Empowerment,” Groundviews (blog), September 14, 2017, https://groundviews.
org/2017/09/15/unpaid-care-work-the-overlooked-barrier-in-womens-economic-
njhl;L tUk; Cjpak; ngwhj guhkupg;Gg; gzpahdJ nfhs;if tFg;ghsu;fshy;
ftdpf;fg;glhJ fhzg;gLtJld; cj;jpNahfG+u;t Gs;sptpguq;fSf;Fs; mj;jifa kw;Wk; khw;whw;wy; cs;s FLk;g 11.
empowerment/.
See Esuna Dugarova, “Unpaid Care Work in Times of the COVID-19 Crisis: Gendered
gzpfs; gjpT nra;ag;gltpy;iy. ,J njhopyhsu; gilapy; ngz;fspd; gq;Nfw;gpd; cWg;gpdu;fspd; guhkupg;G toq;Feu;fshfg; Impacts, Emerging Evidence and Promising Policy Responses,” 19, accessed March
7, 2022, https://www.un.org/development/desa/family/wp-content/uploads/
sites/23/2020/09/Duragova.Paper_.pdf., UN Women, “COVID-19 and the Care
miuFiwahd kw;Wk; rkkw;w tpsf;fj;ij tpl;Lr;nry;fpwJ. NkYk; Cjpak; ngWk;
Ntiyapy; gzpaku;j;jg;glhj ngz; guhkupg;G toq;Feu;fs; nghUshjhu neUf;fbf;F
ngz;fs; Economy: Immediate Action and Structural Transformation for a Gender-Responsive
Recovery,” Policy Brief No.16, accessed March 7, 2022, https://www.unwomen.org/
sites/default/files/Headquarters/Attachments/Sections/Library/Publications/2020/
Policy-brief-COVID-19-and-the-care-economy-en.pdf., United Nations, “Policy Brief:
Mshfpd;whu;fs;. nghJthf UCW,d; mbg;gilapw; ghu;f;ifapy;> tajhdtu;fs; kw;Wk; khw;whw;wy; The Impact of COVID-19 on South-East Asia,” July 2020, https://www.unescap.org/
sites/default/d8files/2020-07/SG-Policy-brief-COVID-19-and-South-East-Asia-30-
cs;s FLk;g cWg;gpdu;fs; fhzg;gLk; FLk;gq;fspy; guhkupg;ghsu;fshfg; July-2020.pdf., UN Women, “Whose Time to Care? Unpaid Care and Domestic Work
during COVID-19,” accessed March 7, 2022, https://data.unwomen.org/sites/default/
cyfshtpa nfhs;if kw;Wk; epfo;r;rpj;jpl;l mstpyhd rkPgj;jpa Kaw;rpfs; ngz;fs; Fwpg;gplj;jf;f tfpgq;fpid toq;fp tUfpd;wdu;. ,J xU Gwf;fzpf;fg;gl;l files/inline-files/Whose-time-to-care-brief_0.pdf.
UCW,id mq;fPfupg;gJld; mjd; Gyg;gLk; jd;ikia mjpfupf;fpd;wJ. gFjpahf ,Ug;gjhy; KOikahd cyfshtpa Gs;sptpguq;fs; fhzg;glhtpl;lhYk;> 12. Helen Jaqueline McLaren et al., “Covid-19 and Women’s Triple Burden: Vignettes from
Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Vietnam and Australia,” Social Sciences 9, no. 5 (May 2020): 87, 2,
epiyNgwhd mgptpUj;jp ,yf;Ffspy; (SDG) UCW,id cs;slf;fpapUg;gJ ngUk;ghyhd KjpNahu; kw;Wk; CdKw;w FLk;g cWg;gpdu;fSf;F Kjd;ikahd https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci9050087.
,e;j mq;fPfhuj;jpd; xU Kf;fpa ntspg;ghlhFk;. cs;slq;fyhd tsu;r;rp kw;Wk; guhkupg;ghsu;fshfg; ngz;fNs tpsq;Ffpd;wdu;. KjpNahu; guhkupg;gpw;fhd 13. “Women’s Unpaid and Underpaid Work in the Times of Covid-19 | Oxfam in Asia,”
accessed March 14, 2022, https://asia.oxfam.org/latest/blogs/womens-unpaid-and-
Nkk;ghl;bw;fhd xU mtrpakhd $whf UCW,y; fhzg;gLk; njhlu;r;rpahd Nfs;tp epiyapy; ngz;fs; ngUk;ghd;ikahd gadhspfshff; fhzg;gLtjhy; underpaid-work-times-covid-19.
14. Razavi, S., “Long Term Care for Older People: The Role of Unpaid Care Work,” 2,
ghy;epiy Vw;wj;jho;Tfisf; ifahSk; Nehf;fpy;> SDG ,yf;F 5,d; fPohd tajhdtu;fspd; ngz;ikahf;fj;ij mtjhdpf;f KbfpwJ.14 accessed March 7, 2022, https://www.un.org/development/desa/ageing/wp-content/
uploads/sites/24/2017/11/Razavi_Paper_EGM_UCW-Older-Persons.pdf.
,yf;F 5.4 MdJ Cjpak; ngwhj guhkupg;G kw;Wk; tPl;L Ntiyfis mq;fPfupj;J 15. Dissanayake, L. and Weeratunga M. K. , “Features, Challenges and Opportunities of
kjpg;gpl ehLfpd;wJ.9 ,J UCW,d; nghUshjhu kjpg;G kw;Wk; nghUshjhuj;jpw; ,yq;ifapd; fle;j 2012Mk; Mz;bd; rdj;njhiff; fzf;nfLg;gpy; 2.5 kpy;ypad; Population Ageing: Sri Lankan Perspective,” UNFPA Sri Lanka, November 28, 2016, 1,
https://srilanka.unfpa.org/en/publications/features-challenges-and-opportunities-
ngz;fspd; gq;fspg;gpw;fhd mq;fPfhukhFk;.10 ru;tNjr mgptpUj;jp epWtdq;fspdhy; KjpNahu;fs; gjpthfpapUe;jdu;. 2015Mk; Mz;bd; xU gpd;njhlu; Ma;tpd;gb> population-ageing-sri-lankan-perspective.
mq;fPfupf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ Nghd;Nw nfhtpl;-19 njhw;WNehapd;NghJ UCW ,d; 65 Mz;LfSf;Fk; Nkyhdtu;fs; nkhj;j kf;fs; njhifapy; 9.4¤ MfTk;>
Kf;fpaj;Jtk; gw;wpa Gjpa tpsf;fj;ij ,t;tq;fPfhuk; Vw;gLj;jpAs;sJ.11 2045Mk; Mz;by; ,J 21¤ Mf mjpfupf;Fk; vdTk; kjpg;gplg;gl;Ls;sJ. 2037Mk;
njhw;WNehapd; fhytiuapw;F mg;ghy; jhf;fk; nrYj;Jk; tpjj;jpy; ngz;fs; Mz;lstpy; ,yq;ifapy; KjpNahu; rdj;njhif 5.1 kpy;ypadhf ,Uf;Fk; vd
vjpu;Nehf;Fk; Kk;Kidr; Rikfs; NkYk; mjpfupj;Js;sd.12 UCWahdJ 2016,y; jp]hehaf;f15 fzpg;gpl;Ls;shu;. ,J 25 tUl fhyg; gFjpf;Fs; KjpNahu;
r%fj;jpw;F ,d;wpaikahjJ kw;Wk; ifahsg;gl Ntz;ba xU tplakhf rdj;njhifapy; 103¤ mjpfupg;Gf;Fr; rkkhdjhf mikAk;. me;jtifapy;>
vLj;Jf;fhl;lg;gl;bUe;jhYk;> njhw;WNehapd;NghJ ,yq;if cl;gl Mrpag; fUTWjy; kw;Wk; ,wg;G tpfpjq;fspy; fhzg;gLk; tPo;r;rp epiy kw;Wk;

mwpKfk;
r%f-nghUshjhu Kd;Ndw;wq;fspd; tpisthd MAl;fhy mjpfupg;Gg; Nghd;w ,yq;ifapw; NghJkhd kw;Wk; Fiwe;j nrytpid Vw;gLj;Jk; KjpNahu; kw;Wk; 16. Asian Development Bank, “Growing Old Before Becoming Rich Challenges of an Aging Population in Sri Lanka”
nghJthd %g;Gww; fhuzpfshy; njw;fhrpahtpy;16 KjpNahu; rdj;njhif Jupjkhf khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;fSf;fhd guhkupg;Gr; Nritfs; fhzg;gLtjpy;iy. (Asian Development Bank, December 2019), 1, https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/557446/aging-
population-sri-lanka.pdf.
mjpfupf;Fk; ehLfspy; xd;whf ,yq;if fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.17 KjpNahu;fs; Jupjkhf mjpfupj;J tUk; tho;f;ifr; nryTfisf;22 fUj;jpw; nfhs;Sk;NghJ 17. See note 15
‘Rje;jpukhf tho;f;ifiaf; nfhz;L nry;yj; Njitahd ,aYikiaj; jLf;Fk; rKu;j;jp tWik xopg;Gj; jpl;lj;jpd; %yk; toq;fg;gLk; khjhe;jf; nfhLg;gdTfs; 18. Asian Development Bank, “Country Diagnostic Study on Long-Term Care in Sri Lanka,” 2, (Manila, Philippines: Asian
Development Bank, July 2021), https://doi.org/10.22617/TCS210218-2.
ePz;lfhy Neha;fs;> fhaq;fs; my;yJ GyDzu;thw;wypd; tPo;r;rpapd; fhuzkhf kw;Wk; KjpNahu; kw;Wk; khw;whw;wy; cilNahu; nfhLg;gdTfs;23 mjidg;
19. UNFPA, Fertility and Nuptiality: Thematic Report Based on Census of Population and Housing 2012 (Colombo, Sri
tajhFk;NghJ cs;spay;ghd nfhs;jpwdpy; tPo;r;rpia mDgtpf;fyhk;”18> MfNt> ngWNthupd; mbg;gilj; Njitfisf; $l <L nra;ag; NghJkhdjhf Lanka: United Nations Population Fund, 2017), 9, https://srilanka.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/UNFPA%20
Ageing%20Monograph%20Report_0.pdf.
ePz;lfhyg; guhkupg;gpd; Njit czug;gLfpd;wJ. rdj;njhifapy; kw;Wk; miktjpy;iy.24 Vida nray;Kiwrhu; rthy;fSk; ,e;jj; jpl;lq;fspd;
20. Disability Organizations Joint Front, “The State of Economic, Social and Cultural Rights of Persons with Disabilities
Kjpu;tile;j tajpdu;fspy; ngUk;ghydtu;fs; ngz;fshf ,Ug;gJk;> Mz;fs; nraw;wpwidj; jLf;fpd;wd.25 re;ij mbg;gilapyhd guhkupg;Gr; Nritfs; in Sri Lanka,” April 2017, 5, https://ices.lk/wp-content/uploads/2017/06/The-State-of-Economic-Social-and-
Cultural-Rights.pdf.
kw;Wk; ngz;fs;; gpwg;gpd;NghJ fzpf;fg;gLk; MAl;fhyj;jpd; mbg;gilapy; fpilf;fg;ngWk; ,lq;fspy; $l> mjpfupj;J tUk; tho;f;ifr; nryTfs; kw;Wk; 21. Disability Organizations Joint Front, “Submission for the Review of the Situation of Persons with
ngz;fs; ruhrupahf MW tUlq;fs; Mz;fis tpl mjpfkhf tho;thu;fs; gztPf;fkhdJ26 fl;lz mbg;gilapyhd guhkupg;gpid mZf Kbahj Disabilities in Sri Lanka UN Universal Periodic Review - Sri Lanka 2017 Third Cycle, 28th Session 2017,”
March 2017, 4, https://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Issues/Disability/RightAccessJusticeArticle13/CSO/
vd;W vjpu;ghu;f;fg;gLtJk; ,yq;ifapy; %g;Gwypd; ngz;ikahf;fj;ij mstpw;Ff; FLk;gq;fspd; tUkhdj;ijg; ghjpj;Js;sJ. ,e;egu;fspd; DisabilityOrganizationsJointFrontSrilanka.pdf.
ajhu;j;jepiyf;Ff; nfhz;L tUfpd;wJ.19 ,J tajhd ngz;fs; jq;fisg; guhkupg;ghdJ nghUshjhuf; nfhs;jpwd; tPo;r;rpapd; fhuzkhff; FLk;gq;fs; 22. vl;L khtl;lq;fs; ruhrup tho;f;ifr; nryTf;F mjpfkhf tho;f;ifr; nryTfisg; gjpT nra;fpd;wJld;
2022 [dtup khjj;jpw;fhd ruhrup tho;f;ifr; nryT kw;Wk; Njrpa tWikf; NfhlhdJ&.5908/= vd
ghJfhj;Jf; nfhs;tjw;fhd ,aYik gw;wpa mjhtJ Fwpg;ghf Cjpak; ngwhj kPJ Rikahf tpOfpwJ. NkYk;> fyhrhu tpOkpaq;fs; kw;Wk; eilKiwfs; kjpg;gplg;gl;lJ: “Official Poverty Line by District : January 2022” (Department of Census and Statistics), accessed
March 7, 2022, http://www.statistics.gov.lk/povertyLine/2022.
guhkupg;gpid toq;Fgtu;fspd; %g;Gwy;epiyg; ghJfhg;Gg; gw;wpa fupridia fhuzkhfg; ngz;fs; tPl;bNyNa guhkupg;Gg; gzpapid toq;f Ntz;Lk; vd 23. All these allowances fall short of the required minimum expenditure per person per month to fulfill the basic
vOg;GfpwJ. vjpu;ghu;f;fg;gLfpwhu;fs;. rdj;njhiff; fl;likg;gpy; kw;Wk; etPdkakhf;fypy; needs. See “Official Poverty Line by District : January 2022” (Department of Census and Statistics), accessed
March 7, 2022, http://www.statistics.gov.lk/povertyLine/2022. See also 2.2.2. below for more information on these
Vw;gLk; khw;wq;fs; fhuzkhff; ‘FLk;gj;jpd;” epiykhw;Wj; jd;ikapdhy; programmes.
guhkupg;gpw;fhff; FLk;gj;ij ek;gpapUf;Fk; ghuk;gupak; jpzpf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.27 24. 2022 ,y; rKu;j;jpf; nfhLg;gdT &.1900{¡ Kjy; &. 4500{¡ tiu> KjpNahu; nfhLg;gdT 2022 ,y;
mNjrkak;> ,yq;ifapy; Rkhu; 1.7 kpy;ypad; kf;fs;> mz;zsthf &.2500{¡> kw;Wk; khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;fSf;fhd nfhLg;gdT &.5000{¡.
25. See 2.3. below
rdj;njhifapy; 10 rjtPjkhdtu;fs; khw;whw;wy; cilNahuhf tho;fpd;wdu;.20
26. See Central Bank of Sri Lanka, “Consumer Price Inflation” (Central Bank of Sri Lanka), https://www.cbsl.gov.lk/en/
2020 Mz;bw;fhd njhopyhsu; gilf; fzf;nfLg;ghdJ> cly;uPjpahd Neha; ngz;fspd; nghUshjhug; gq;Nfw;G> murpaw; gpujpepjpj;Jtk; kw;Wk; Xa;T Neuk; measures-of-consumer-price-inflation- The National Consumer Price Index recorded a 12.9% year-on-year core
inflation rate or January 2022, the highest since November 2008.
my;yJ Cdepiy fhuzkhf EIP ,y; 8.6 rjtPjkhNdhu; nray;epiyaw;W kw;Wk; Ra guhkupg;gpw;fhd mZfy; Nghd;wtw;wpw; fhzg;gLk; ghy;epiy 27. K.D.M.S. Kaluthantiri, “Ageing and the Changing Role of the Family in Sri Lanka” (Australia, The Universtiy of
,Ug;gjhf ntspg;gLj;JfpwJ. khw;whw;wy; cs;stu;fspy; Mz;fs; 16.6 mbg;gilapyhd Vw;wj;jho;Tfis kPSUthf;fk; nra;tjpy; r%f vjpu;ghu;g;Gfs; Adelaide, 2014), 2, https://hekyll.services.adelaide.edu.au/dspace/bitstream/2440/93498/3/02whole.pdf. Also see
2.1 below
rjtPjkhfTk; kw;Wk; ngz;fs; 5.7 rjtPjkhfTk; fhzg;gLfpd;wdu;. khw;whw;wy; kw;Wk; mjd; tpisthd guhkupg;gpd; r%f mikg;ghdJ Kf;fpa fhuzpfspy; 28. See note 7, 17
rk;ge;jkhf mjpfhupfspd; xl;Lnkhj;j mZFKiwahdJ cupikfis xd;whf tpsq;Ffpd;wJ.28 xU ngz; nghUshjhur; nraw;ghLfisf; fhl;bYk;
mDgtpg;gij kWj;J> r%f gq;Nfw;wiyf; fl;Lg;gLj;jp mtu;fspd; jq;fpthOk; guhkupg;G toq;fisj; Nju;e;njLf;f Ntz;baepiy Vw;gLk;NghJ my;yJ mt;thW
epiyf;F Kf;fpaj;Jtk; mspf;fpwJ.21 vjpu;ghu;f;fg;gLk; NghJ> ,J xU FLk;gj;jpd; tho;f;ifj; juk; kw;Wk; tho;f;if
epiyia Nkhrkhfg; ghjpf;fpwJ.

mwpKfk;
1.2 Nehf;fk; kw;Wk; Fwpf;Nfhs; 1.4 tiutpyf;fzq;fs; 29. See Sri Lanka Demographic and Health Survey Report- 2016
http://www.statistics.gov.lk/Health/StaticalInformation/
DemographicAndHealthSurvey-2016FullReport
,e;j Ma;tpd; Fwpf;NfhshdJ> vspjpy; ghjpg;Gf;F cs;shfpd;w FLk;gq;fspd; guhkupg;Gr; Kjpatu;fs; vd;gJ 65 taJ kw;Wk; mjw;F Nkw;gl;ltu;fs; vd tiuaWf;fg;gLfpwJ. 30. “Social Protection (Partnership for Improving Prospects for
rk;ge;jg;gl;l ngz;fspd; Cjpak; ngwhj guhkupg;Gg; gzp(UCW) gw;wpa Ma;Tf;Fj; ,yq;ifapd; kpf rkPgj;jpa rdj;njhiff; fl;likg;G kw;Wk; Rfhjhuf; fzf;nfLg;gpd;gb Forcibly Displaced Persons and Host Communities (PROSPECTS)),”
accessed March 14, 2022, https://www.ilo.org/global/programmes-
Njitahd jfty;fis toq;Ftjd; Nehf;fpy; ,yq;ifapy; cs;s KjpNahu; kw;Wk; (2016) ,yq;ifapd; KjpNahu; rdj;njhif nkhj;jr; rdj;njhifapy; 10¤ Mff; and-projects/prospects/themes/social-protection/lang--en/index.
htm.
khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;fSf;fhd egu;fspd; (PWD) njhlu;ghd r%fg; ghJfhg;G fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.29
kw;Wk; r%fg; guhkupg;Gf; nfhs;iffs; gw;wpa mwpKf kPsha;tpid Nkw;nfhs;tjhk;.
Nehu;Ntj; J}jufj;jpd; epjpAjtpAld; ngz;fs; kw;Wk; Clff; $l;likg;gpdhy; (WMC)
,e;j Ma;tpd; Nehf;fq;fSf;fhfg; gad;gLj;jg;gLk; khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;fSf;fhd
nraw;;gLj;jg;gl;l “khw;wj;ij cUthf;Fjy;: r%f epiykhw;wj;jpw;fhd FWf;Fntl;Lj;
cupikfs; njhlu;ghd mq;fPfhuj;jpd; (CRPD) cWg;Giu 1,y; cs;s tiutpyf;fzj;jpd;
jiyaPLfs;” vd;w jpl;lj;jpd; xU gFjpahf ,f;nfhs;if kPsha;T Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLfpwJ.
mbg;gilapy;> khw;whw;wy; cilNahu; (PWD) r%fj;Jldhd jq;fs; KOikahd
kw;Wk; gaDs;s gq;Nfw;igj; jLf;Fk; tifapyhd Vidatu;fSldhd njhlu;gpidj;
Jz;bf;Fk; ePz;lfhy cly;> kd> mwpTrhu; my;yJ czu;r;rpf; FiwghLfisf;
1.3 Ma;TKiw nfhz;ltu;fshff; fUjg;gLfpdwu;.
,yq;ifapy; KjpNahu; kw;Wk; khw;whw;wy; cilNahu; njhlu;ghd r%fg; ghJfhg;G kw;Wk;

r%fg; guhkupg;Gf; nfhs;iffis KOikahf mwpe;J nfhs;tij ,e;j Ma;T Nehf;fkhff; ru;tNjr njhopyhsu; mikg;G (ILO) r%fg; ghJfhg;Gj; jpl;lq;fis tWik>
nfhz;Ls;sJ. MfNt> ,t;tha;thdJ> xU gz;gpayhd mZFKiwiaf; ifahs;tjd; ghjpg;Gepiy kw;Wk; r%fg; Gwf;fzpg;Gg; Nghd;w r%f mghaq;fis tho;f;ifr; rf;fuj;jpw;
%yk; nfhs;if mZFKiwfs; kw;Wk; mKypy; cs;s epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lq;fisg; Gupe;J Fiwg;gjw;Fk; jLg;gjw;Fk; tbtikf;fg;gl;l nfhs;iffs; kw;Wk; jpl;lq;fspd; njhFg;ghf
nfhs;tjw;fhd xU topKiwahf xU mwpKf kPsha;tpid Nkw;nfhs;fpd;wJ. vspjpy; milahsg;gLj;JfpwJ. cyf tq;fp 3 tifahd r%fg; ghJfhg;G kw;Wk; njhopyhsu;
ghjpf;fg;glf;$ba FLk;g cWg;gpdu;fspd; guhkupg;Gj; njhlu;ghfg; ngz;fspd; UCW gw;wpa jiyaPLfis milahsq; fhz;fpd;wJ30.
Ma;Tf;Fj; Njitahd jfty;fis toq;Fk; Nehf;fpy;> ,yq;ifapy; cs;s KjpNahu; 1. r%f ghJfhg;G tiy{r%f cjtpj;jpl;lq;fs;: jdpegu;fs; kw;Wk; FLk;gq;fs;
kw;Wk; CdKw;Nwhu;fSf;Fg; nghUj;jkhd r%fg; ghJfhg;G kw;Wk; r%fg; guhkupg;Gf; ePz;lfhy tWik> Vo;ik kw;Wk; ghjpg;Gepiyfisr; rkhspf;f cjTk; tifapy;
nfhs;iffis milahsq;fz;L kjpg;gpLtjw;F> rl;lq;fs;> xOq;F Kiwfs; kw;Wk; tbtikf;fg;gl;l gq;fspg;gw;w jiyaPLfshFk;. vLj;Jf;fhl;Lfshf epge;jidaw;w
nfhs;iffs; Nghd;w murhq;f Mtzq;fs;> mwpthu;e;j fl;Liufs;> ru;tNjr kw;Wk; Njrpa kw;Wk; epge;jidf;Fl;gl;l gzg; gupkhw;wq;fs;> gq;fspg;gw;w r%f Xa;T+jpaq;fs;>
Muha;r;rp Ma;Tfs;> Clff; fl;Liufs;> ,izatop Mjhuq;fs; kw;Wk; nghJthff; czT kw;Wk; nghUl; gupkhw;wq;fs;> nghJg; gzpfs; kw;Wk; fl;lzj; js;Sgb
fpilf;Fk; gpw Mtzq;fs; ,d;wpaikahjjhff; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. Mfpatw;iwf; Fwpg;gplyhk;.

mwpKfk;
,yq;ifapy; NghJkhd kw;Wk; Fiwe;j 2. r%ff; fhg;gPl;Lj; jpl;lq;fs;: KJikepiy> Neha;> ,ayhik my;yJ ,aw;if mopT 31. Gaëlle Ferrant , Luca Maria Pesando and Keiko Nowacka, “Unpaid
fhuzkhf jdpegu;fs; tUkhdjpy; Vw;gLk; jpBu; khw;wq;fisr; rkhspg;gjpy; mtu;fSf;F Care Work: The Missing Link in the Analysis of Gender Gaps in
nrytpid Vw;gLj;Jk; KjpNahu; kw;Wk; cjTtjw;fhf tbtikf;fg;gl;l gq;fspg;Gj; jiyaPLfshFk;. vLj;Jf;fhl;Lfspy;

Labour Outcomes” (OECD Development Centre, December 2014), 3,
https://www.oecd.org/dev/development-gender/Unpaid_care_work.
pdf.
gq;fspg;G KJikepiy> gpioj;J tho;gtu;fs; kw;Wk; khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;fSf;fhd
CdKw;Nwhu; guhkupg;G Nritfs; Xa;T+jpaq;fs;;> RftPd tpLKiw kw;Wk; kfg;NgW{je;ijau; eyd;fs;; kw;Wk; Rfhjhuf;
fhzg;gLtjpy;iy. Jupjkhf mjpfupj;J tUk; fhg;gPL Mfpait cs;slq;Ffpd;wd.
3. njhopyhsu; re;ijj; jpl;lq;fs;: Ntiyapd;ikahy; Vw;gLk; tUkhd ,og;gpypUe;J
tho;f;ifr; nryTfisf; fUj;jpy; nfhs;Sk; jdpegu;fisg; ghJfhf;f cjTk; my;yJ jpwd;fis cs;thq;Fk; jdpegu;fs;
NghJ rKu;j;jp tWik xopg;Gj; jpl;lj;jpd; %yk; njhopyhsu; re;ijfSld; ,ize;Jf;; nfhs;sj; Njitahd cjtpfis toq;Ftjw;fhf
tbtikf;fg;gl;l gq;fspg;Gld; $ba my;yJ gq;fspg;gw;w jpl;lq;fshf mikayhk;.
toq;fg;gLk; khjhe;j nfhLg;gdTfs; kw;Wk; vLj;Jf;fhl;Lfshf Ntiyapd;ik> fhg;gPL> Kd;$l;ba Xa;T Cf;fj;njhif> gapw;rp>
Ntiytha;g;G ,ilepiy Nritfs; kw;Wk; Cjpa khdpaq;fs; Mfpatw;iwf;
KjpNahu; kw;Wk; CdKw;Nwhu; nfhLg;gdTfs; Fwpg;gplyhk;.
mjidg; ngWNthupd; mbg;gilj; Njitfisf;
$l <Lnra;J nfhs;sg; NghJkhdjhf NkNy Fwpg;gpl;Ls;s %d;W tifahd epfo;r;rpjpl;lq;fSk; ,yq;ifapy; cs;s KjpNahu;
kw;Wk; khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;fSf;;Fg; nghUe;Jk; tifapy; fhzg;gLtjdhy; ,e;j Ma;tpd;
miktjpy;iy. Nehf;fq;fSf;fhff; fzf;nfLf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.
Cjpak; ngwhj guhkupg;Gg; gzp (UCW) vd;gJ xU FLk;gj;jpy; mjd; cWg;gpdu;fSf;fhf

toq;fg;gLk; midj;J Cjpak; ngwhj Nritfs; MFk;. ,jpy; jdpegu;fspd; guhkupg;G kw;Wk;
tPl;L Ntiyfs; mlq;Fk;. jd;dhu;tr; r%fg; gzpAk; UCW vdf; fUjg;gl;lhYk;> ,e;j Ma;tpd;
Nehf;fq;fSf;fhf mj;jifa gzpapid ,jd; tiutpyf;fzj;jpw;Fs; Nru;f;fg;gLtjpy;iy.
UCW MdJ jdpg;gl;l guhkupg;G (Neub guhkupg;G vd;Wk; miof;fg;gLfpwJ) kw;Wk; guhkupg;G
toq;Ftjw;fhd Kd;epge;jidfshd czT jahupj;jy;> nghUl;fspd; nfhs;tdT
kw;Wk; Rj;jk; nra;jy; Nghd;w guhkupg;Gj; njhlu;ghd eltbf;iffs; Mfpa ,uz;ilAk;
cs;slf;Ffpd;wJ. “,r;nraw;ghLfs; Ntiyahff; fUjg;gLfpd;wd> Vnddpy; Nfhl;ghl;lstpy;
mtw;iw epiwNtw;wpf; nfhs;Sk;NghJ %d;whk; egUf;Fg; gzk; nrYj;j Ntzba epiy
Vw;glhyk;.”31 KjpNahu; kw;Wk; PWD FLk;g cWg;gpdu;fisg; guhkupg;gJ njhlu;ghf UCW ,y;
cs;s ngz;fspd;; kPjhd jhf;fj;ijj; jPu;khdpf;Fk; Nehf;fpy;> KjpNahu; kw;Wk; PWD njhlu;ghd
r%f ghJfhg;Gf; nfhs;if fl;likg;G kw;Wk; jpl;lq;fis milahsq; fhz;gJ ,e;j Ma;tpd;
Fwpg;gpl;l ,yf;fhf mikAk;.

fz;Lgpbg;Gfs;
kPsha;tpd; fz;Lgpbg;Gfs; ehd;F Jizg; gpupTfspd; fPo; 2.1 ,yq;ifapy; ngz;fspd; Cjpak; ngwhj
xOq;fikf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. ,J ,yq;ifapy; ngz;fspd; UCW ,d; rl;l kw;Wk; guhkupg;Gg; gzp - rl;l kw;Wk; nfhs;if
nfhs;if epiyik gw;wpa RUf;fkhd tpsf;fj;Jld; Muk;gpf;fpd;wJ. mj;Jld;> epiyik gw;wpa xU RUf;fkhd gFg;gha;T
Fwpg;gpl;l Ntiyj;jpl;lq;fs; kw;Wk; epjp %yq;fs; cl;gl ,yq;ifapy; KjpNahu; ,yq;ifapy; cs;s rl;l kw;Wk; nfhs;iff; fl;likg;ghdJ ngz;fspd; UCW
gw;wp kpff;Fiwthd ftdj;ijr; nrYj;JfpwJ. ,yq;ifapd; murpayikg;ghdJ
kw;Wk; khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;fSf;fhd guhkupg;G kw;Wk; ghJfhg;gpw;fhd xt;nthUtupdJk; rkj;Jtj;ij mbg;gil cupikahf mq;fPfupf;fpwJ. ,J tpjp 12
(4) ,d; fPo; Fwpg;gplg;gl;ljd; gpufhuk; ‘,t;tpjpapy; Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;sit> ngz;fs;>
Fwpg;gpl;l rl;l kw;Wk; nfhs;iff; fl;likg;gpd; tpupthd Ma;tpidg; Foe;ijfs; my;yJ khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;fSf;fhd Kd;Ndw;wj;jpw;fhd rl;lk;>
gpd;njhlu;fpd;wJ. mNjNtis> mLj;j gpupT nghJ tWik xopg;G nfhs;iffs; Jizr; rl;lthf;fk; my;yJ epu;thf eltbf;if %yk; rpwg;G Vw;ghL nra;ag;gLtijj;
jLf;fhJ” vd;w cWjpahd rl;l eltbf;iff;fhd mq;fPfhuj;ij toq;FfpwJ. Fbkf;fspd;
kw;Wk; Ntiyj;jpl;lq;fspd; tpsf;fj;ij cs;slf;fpAs;sJ. Jizg; gpupT FOf;fs; gpd;jq;fpatu;fshf my;yJ mjpf ghJfhg;Gj; Njitg;gLgtu;fshff;
fUjg;gLk; gl;rj;jpy; cWjpahd eltbf;if Njitg;glyhk; vd;gij ,r;rl;lg;gpupT
ehd;fhdJ ,yq;ifapy; r%fg; ghJfhg;Gj; jpl;lq;fspy; cs;s ,ilntspfisg; mq;fPfupf;fpd;wJ. ,Ug;gpDk;> UCW,id Nkw;nfhs;Sk; ngz;fs;;rhu;ghf vt;tpjkhd
gw;wpa fz;Nzhl;lj;ij toq;FfpwJ. cWjpahd eltbf;ifAk; fUjg;gltpy;iy. tPl;bYk; nghUshjhuj; JiwapYk;
Mf;ftskhf ,Uf;ff;$ba tifapy;>UCW,y; <Lgl;Ls;s ngz; njhopyhsu; gpuptpid
<u;j;Jf; nfhs;Sk; nefpo;thd gzp Vw;ghLfisj; njhopy; toq;Feu;fs; jpl;ltl;lkhf
cUthf;ftpy;iy. KjpNahu; kw;Wk; khw;whw;wy; cilNahu; FLk;g cWg;gpdu;fisg;
guhkupf;Fk; FLk;gq;fSf;F MjuT Njit vd;gij Vw;Gj;njuptpf;Fk; kw;Wk; mq;fPfupf;Fk;
mur nfhs;iffs; vJTk; fhzg;gLtjpy;iy. mt;thwhd FLk;gq;fSf;F muR
ve;jtpjkhd cjtpAk; toq;Ftjpy;iy. FLk;gq;fisg; Gwf;fzpg;gjhy;> KjpNahu; kw;Wk;
CdKw;w FLk;g cWg;gpdu;fisj; jdpg;gl;l Kiwapy; ftdpj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;ba epiy
Vw;gl;Ls;sJld; FLk;gj;jpy; cs;s ngz;fspd; nghWg;Gk; ePl;bf;fg;gLfpwJ.

fz;Lgpbg;Gfs;
ngUk;ghyhd mgptpUj;jpaile;J tUk; ehLfspy; fhzg;gLtijg; Nghd;Nw tho;fpd;wdu;.36 mNjNtis> ehl;by; cs;s nghJ KjpNahu; guhkupg;Gr; Nritfspd; 32. Note 1
ngz;fspd; FLk;gq;fspy; Kjd;ikg; guhkupg;ghsu;fspd; tfpgq;F ,yq;ifapy; KOikahd nranyy;iy ,y;yhjjd; fhuzj;jpdhy;> nghUshjhu trjpfSld; 33. Note 12
epjp uPjpahf mstplg;gLtjpy;iy my;yJ Mf;ftsg; nghUshjhu mbg;gilapy; $ba KjpNahu; guhkupg;Gj; Njitg;gLk; FLk;gq;fs;> jdpahu; re;ij mbg;gilapyhd 34. Note 14, 8
tiuaWf;fg;gLtjpy;iy. njhopyhsu; gilf;fhd fzf;nfLg;gpy; njhopyhsu; vd;w guhkupg;igj; Nju;T nra;a Ntz;bajhf ,Uf;Fk;. my;yJ jdpahu; nrtpypau; 35. Ibid
tiutpyf;fzj;Jf;Fs; ‘tPl;L Ntiy’ cs;thq;fg;gLtjpy;iy> ,jd; %yk; mjd; guhkupg;gpy; mjpf nrytpdq;fs; fhzg;gLtjd; fhuzkhfg; nghUshjhu uPjpahf 36. Note 18, 9
nghUshjhu kjpg;ig kWj;J UCW-I nghUshjhu eltbf;iffSf;F ntspNa M.A.C.G Wijesundara, “An Exploratory Study on the Influence of
37.
rhj;jpakhdjhf ,y;iy vd;why;;> tajhdtu;fisg; guhkupg;gJ ngUk;ghYk; ngz; Globalization on the Modern Sri Lankan Family Unit: The Evolution
iftplg;gLfpd;wJ. njhopyhsu; gilf;fhd fzf;nfLg;G 2020MdJ nghUshjhu FLk;g cWg;gpdu;fspNyNa jq;fpapUf;Fk;. ghuk;gupa ,yq;ifr; r%fj;jpy; FLk;gk; vd;w of the Extended Family,” Journal of Society & Change XIV, no. 1
(March 2020): 49–66, 55
nray;epiyaw;w jd;ikf;F xU fhuzkhfg; ngupJk; ngz;fspd; UCWfhzg;gLk; ‘tPl;L Nfhl;ghL xNu FLk;gj;ij xl;bapUf;Fk; guk;giufSf;fpilNaahd cWg;gpdu;fis 38. Ibid, 57
Ntiyfspy; <LgLtij’ tifg;gLj;Jfpd;wJ.32 ,t; mZFKiwahdJ> EAP,y; cs;s cs;thq;fpa xU ePbf;fg;gl;l fl;likg;ghfg; Gupe;J nfhs;sg;gLfpd;wJ.37 ,t; cWg;gpdu;fs; 39. Note 27, 132
mjpf Mz;fs; jq;fshy; nraw;jpwDld njhopy;tha;g;Gfspy; <LgLtjw;Ff; fhuzkhf xd;whf ,ize;J> vspjpy; ghjpf;fg;glf;$ba FLk;g cWg;gpdu;fisg; guhkupg;gJ cl;gl 40. Kumara Thusitha and Dileni Gunewardena, “Disability and Poverty in
Sri Lanka: A Household Level Analysis,” 2015.
mike;Js;s mtu;fsJ FLk;gq;fspy; cs;s ,isQu;fs;> Kjpatu;fs; kw;Wk; PWD ngUk;ghyhd r%f nraw;ghLfis epiwNtw;wpdu;. vt;thwpUg;gpDk;;> rdj;njhiff;
MfpNahupd; guhkupg;ghsu;fshf ngz;fs; nraw;gLk; cz;ikiag; Gwf;fzpf;fpd;wJ. fl;likg;G khw;wq;fs;> cyfkakhf;fy;> efukakhf;fy; kw;Wk; ifj;njhopy;kakhf;fy;
EAP ,y; cs;s ngz;fs; ngUk;ghYk; FLk;gj;jpy;; kw;Wk; mtu;fspd; r%f tfpgq;fpy; Mfpatw;wpd; fhuzkhf ghuk;gupa FLk;gq;fspy; ,Ue;J mjpf FLk;gq;fis Nehf;fp
mbf;fb UCW ,d; mjpf nghWg;Gfis ,izj;Jf; nfhs;fpd;wdu;. nfhtpl;-19 efu;tij ,yq;ifapy; mtjhdpf;f Kbfpd;wJ.38 FLk;gq;fSf;Fs;shd jiyKiw
njhw;WNehahdJ ngz;fspd; ,dg;ngUf;fk; kw;Wk; r%fk; rhu;e;j nghWg;GfSld; ,ilntsp fhuzkhf ,isQu;fspd; ntspg; Gyk;ngau;T kw;Wk;; guhkupg;Gg; nghWg;Gfs;
mtu;fsJ Mf;ftsr; Rikfis mjpfupj;Js;sJ.33 gw;wpa fz;Nzhl;lq;fspy; Vw;gLk; khw;wq;fis xl;ba ,e;efu;thdJ> xU tPl;by;
FLk;g cWg;gpdu;fisg; guhkupg;gjw;fhd ngz;fspd; vz;zpf;ifiaf; Fiwg;gjw;Fg;
gq;fspj;Js;sJ.39
njw;fhrpahtpy; jdpj;J thOk; KjpNahu;fspd; tpfpjhrhuq;fs; kpff; Fiwthff;
fhzg;gLtj;Jld;;> ,e;epiyik gpuhe;jpaq;fspy; cs;s tYthd FLk;g tof;fq;fisAk;
kw;Wk; jdpj; jdpf; FLk;gq;fis epWTtij mDkjpf;fhj tWikiaAk; PWD njhlu;ghf> Fkhu kw;Wk; Fztu;jdtpd; mtjhdpg;gpd;gb “,yq;ifapy;
gpujpgypf;fpd;wJ.34 ,yq;if cl;gl gpuhe;jpa ehLfspy; guhkupg;gpw;fhd ngz;fspd; gy;gupkhz tWik xg;gPl;lstpy; Fiwthf ,Ue;jhYk;> khw;whw;wy; fhzg;gLk; kw;Wk;
nghWg;Gg; gw;wpa tYthd fyhrhu kw;Wk; r%f tof;fq;fisg; gpujpgypf;Fk; tifapy; fhzg;glhj FLk;gq;fSf;fpilNa gy;gupkhz tWik epiyfspy; NtWghL mjpfkhf
tajhd Mz;fs; Vida taJ te;j ngz;fSld;> ngUk;ghYk; mtu;fsJ kidtp cs;sJ”.40 khw;whw;wy; cs;s cWg;gpdu;fisf; nfhz;l FLk;gq;fspy; tWikapd;
my;yJ Foe;ijfSld; tho;tjw;fhd tha;g;Gf; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.35 ,yq;ifapy; cf;fpuk; Vida FLk;gq;fis tpl mjpfkhff; fhzg;gLtjhf mtu;fs; NkYk;
Kjpatu;fspy; ngUk;ghyhNdhu; Vida Jiwfis tpl ngUe;Njhl;lj; Jiwapy; jdpj;J njuptpf;fpd;wdu;. epjp neUf;fbfs; kw;Wk;; nghJ my;yJ murepjp mDruidapyhd

fz;Lgpbg;Gfs;
khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;fSf;fhd guhkupg;Gr; Nritfs; fhzg;glhik my;yJ mtw;iw cau;e;j rjtPjq;fspy; xd;whf ,yq;if murhq;fk; jw;Nghija Rfhjhu nrytpdq;fspy; 41. Binendri Perera, “The Perpetual Marginalization of People
mZFtjpy; cs;s rthy;fs; fhuzkhf> FLk;gq;fSf;Fs; fhzg;gLk; khw;whw;wy; 40¤f;Fk; mjpfkhd nghWg;ig tfpf;Fk; mNjNtisapy;> ifr;;nrytpdq;fs; Rfhjhu with Disabilities,” Groundviews (blog), December 3, 2021,
https://groundviews.org/2021/12/03/the-perpetual-marginalization-
cilNahu;fSf;fhd guhkupg;ghdJ jtwhky; ngz;fs; kPJ Rikahf mikfpd;wJ. nrytpdq;fspy; ghjpf;Fk; mjpfkhd mstpidr; Rl;bf;fhl;Lfpd;wd.44 Xu; mz;ika of-people-with-disabilities/.
,yq;ifapy; “khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;fSf;fhd Njitfs; mtu;fsJ FLk;gq;fSf;Fk; Ma;tpd;gb> mjpf mstpyhd ifr;nryTfs; jhdhfNt ViofSf;fhd tpisgadw;w 42. Ramani Gunatilaka, “To Work or Not to Work? Factors Holding
Women Back from Market Work in Sri Lanka”
ez;gu;fSf;Fk; xU Rikahf jdpahu; kakhf;fg;gLfpd;wJ” vd ngNuuh41 fUj;Jj; epjpg; ghJfhg;ghf khwhJ. ,r;nryTfs; ngUk;ghYk; gzf;fhuf; FLk;gq;fshy; (ILO- Asia Pacific Working Paper Series, October 2013), http://www.
oit.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---asia/---ro-bangkok/---sro-
njuptpf;fpwhu;> mjhtJ> murhq;fj; Jiwapy; khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;fSf;fhd nrytplg;gLfpd;wd.45 vt;thwhapDk;> ,J eLj;ju tUkhdf; FLk;gq;fspy; cs;s new_delhi/documents/publication/wcms_250111.pdf.
KOikahd kw;Wk; nghUj;jkhd jLg;G> rpfpr;ir kw;Wk; kWtho;Tg; guhkupg;G Kjpatu;fs; kw;Wk; khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;fSf;fhd Rfhjhur; nryTfSf;fhfj; jq;fsJ 43. Carolina Bloch, “Social Spending in South Asia—an Overview
of Government Expenditure on Health, Education and Social
,y;yhj re;ju;g;gj;jpy; FLk;gq;fs; guhkupg;gpd; nghWg;igj; Njhspy; Rkf;f Ntz;ba FLk;gq;fspy; jq;fpapUf;Fk; fl;lhaj;Jf;F cl;gLj;JtJld; ,r;nryTfs; ngUk;ghYk; Assistance” (International Policy Centre for Inclusive Growth
(IPC-IG) and UNICEF, 2020), 27, https://www.unicef.org/rosa/
epiyNaw;gLk;. fld;fs; my;yJ mJ Nghd;w topfspy; ngwg;gLtjdhy; ,it FLk;gq;fSf;Fr; media/10016/file/Social%20spending%20in%20South%20Asia.pdf.
Rikahf mikfpd;wd. ,f;;FLk;gq;fspy; cs;s Kjpatu;fs; kw;Wk; PWD FLk;g 44. Ibid, 28
45. Ibid, 29
cWg;gpdu;fSf;F nrtpypa cjtp Njitg;gl;lhy;> mj;jUzk; tiuapy; njhopypy; <Lgl;l
UCWMdJ guhkupg;G toq;Fk; ngz;fspd; vspjpy; ghjpg;GWk; jd;ikia mjpfupf;fpwJ.
ngz;fs; ngUk;ghYk; jq;fsJ njhopy;tha;g;gpid KOtJkhf iftpl;Ltpl;L UCWI
Kiwrhu; njhopyhsu; gilapy; cs;s ngz;fs; Xa;T ngw;wTld; gq;fspg;Grhu; my;yJ
Nkw;nfhs;tjd; %yk;; tPl;Lr; nryTfisr; Nrkpf;Fk; nghWg;gpid Vw;fpd;wdu;.
gq;fspg;G rhuhj Xa;T+jpaj; jpl;lj;jpw;fhd cupikiag; ngw;whYk;> njhopyhsu; gilapy;
ngz;fspd; gq;Nfw;G Mz;fis tpl miuklq;F Fiwthff; fhzg;gLtjdhy; Vw;gLk;
tUkhd ,og;gpd; fhuzkhfg; ngz;fs; mjpfk; ghjpg;GWk; epiyapy; cs;sdu;;. MfNt> ngz;fspd; cupikfs; njhlu;ghd murhq;fj;jpd; gpujhd nfhs;if Mtzkhd
KONeu UCW ,y; <LgLk; ngz;fs;> jq;fs; mbg;gilj; NjitfSf;fhfj; njhopy; 1993 mikr;ruit mq;fPfhuk; ngw;w ,yq;ifapd; ngz;fs; epajpr; rl;lk; Nghd;w
my;yJ gpw KjyPLfs; %yk; tUkhdk; <l;bf;nfhs;Sk; Vida FLk;g cWg;gpdu;fsplk; Vida nfhs;iffs; mjpfstpyhd njhopyhsu; gilg; gq;Nfw;G kw;Wk; ngz;fs;
epjp uPjpahfj; jq;fpapUg;ghu;fs;. mNj Neuj;jpy;> ePz;l kw;Wk; ciog;Gr; nrwpe;j Ntiy Ntiytha;g;igg; ngWtjw;fhd #oiy cUthf;Fjw;fhd Nfhuiy Kd;itj;jhYk;>
Neuq;fs; kw;Wk; ghJfhg;G eltbf;iffs; ,d;ikahy;> KO NeukhfNth my;yJ mJ UCW,y; ngz;fspd; <LghL ngz;fspd; Fiwe;jstpyhd njhopyhsu; gilg;
Cjpak;ngWk; NtiyfSf;F NkyjpfkhfUCW ,y; <LgLk; ngz;fs;> fhak; kw;Wk; ePz;l gq;Nfw;gpw;fhd xU %y fhuzkhff; fUJtjpy;iy. njhopy;tha;g;G> gapw;rpf;fhd
fhy gf;f tpisTfspd; mghaj;ij vjpu;nfhs;fpd;wdu;. Nkyjpfkhf> guhkupg;G kw;Wk; mZfy;> r%fg; ghJfhg;gpw;fhd cupik kw;Wk; njhopiytpl;L ,iltpyfTk;; kw;Wk;
tPl;L Ntiyfs; %yk; ngz;fspd; Neuj;ij Ntz;b epw;gJ r%fj;jpd; murpay; my;yJ tpyfypd; gpd;du; xU fhyj;jpw;Fg; gpwF kPz;Lk; ,ize;J nfhs;tjw;fhd cupik
fyhrhu tho;f;ifapy; ngz;fs; gq;Nfw;gijj; jLf;fpwJ.42 njw;fhrpag; gpuhe;jpaj;jpy; Nghd;wtw;wpy; rk re;ju;g;gq;fis ,e;epajpr;rl;lk; NfhUfpd;wJ. ,Ug;gpDk;$l>
mjpf murhq;f Rfhjhu nrytpdq;fs; nfhz;l ehlhf> mjthJ 8.6rjtPj nkhj;j ,e;j cj;juthjq;fs; fyhrhu tof;fq;fs; kw;Wk; KjpNahu; kw;Wk; PWD MfpNahupd;
murhq;f nrytpdq;fspy; Rfhjhu nrytpdk; nkhj;j cs;ehl;L cw;gj;jpapy; (GDP) guhkupg;Gf;Fg; NghJkhd> jFe;j kw;Wk; mZff;$ba Nritfs; ,y;yhik Nghd;w
1.7¤ Mff; fhzg;gl;lhYk; ,J NkYk; Kd;Ndw;wkilayhk;.43 gpuhe;jpaj;jpd; kpf fhuzq;fspdhy; ngz;fs; UCW I Nkw;nfhs;tijg; Gwf;fzpf;fpd;wd.

fz;Lgpbg;Gfs;
,e;epajpr;rl;lj;jpd;; fPo; epWtg;gl;bUf;Fk; ngz;fSf;fhd Njrpaf; FO> ngz;fspd; 2.2 ,yq;ifapy; KjpNahu; kw;Wk; PWD
cupikfs; kw;Wk; nghWg;Gfs; kPjhd midj;Jr; rl;lkd;w kw;Wk; mgptpUj;jprhu;
nfhs;iffspd; jhf;fj;ij kjpg;gpLtjw;fhd mjpfhuj;ijg; ngw;Ws;sJ| ghy;epiyg; guhkupg;G kw;Wk; ghJfhg;Gj; njhlu;ghd rl;l
ghFghL Fwpj;j KiwaPLfis tuNtw;W> guprPypj;J> Ma;T nra;J> mt;thwhd kw;Wk; nfhs;iff; fl;likg;G
KiwaPLfisj; Njitahd eltbf;iff;fhfr; rk;ge;jg;gl;l mjpfhupfSf;F gupe;Jiuj;jy;;
kw;Wk; ngz;fspd; epiy njhlu;ghd tplaq;fspy; nfhs;ifrhu; MNyhridfis ,yq;ifapy; KjpNahu; kw;Wk; khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;fSf;fhd r%fg; ghJfhg;Gj;
toq;Fjy;;. ,f;FOtpd; mjpfhukhdJ> ngz;fs; vjpu;Nehf;Fk;UCW Rikiaf; Fiwf;Fk; njhlu;ghd rl;l kw;Wk; nfhs;iff; fl;likg;ghdJ> jdpegu; cupikfis mq;fPfupg;gJ
nfhs;ifj; jiyaPLfis cs;thq;ff; $bajhfTk; kw;Wk; ngz;fspd; gzpg; gilg; Kjy; rPtNdhghak; kw;Wk; Rfhjhu toq;fy; tiuapyhd gpur;rpidfSf;Fj; jPu;T fhZk;
gq;Nfw;gpw;fhd #oiy vspjhf;FtjhfTk; mika Ntz;Lk;. ,f;FO %yk; UCW tifapy; gy rl;lk;> nfhs;iffs; kw;Wk; jpl;lq;fis cs;slf;fpAs;sJ. cjtpapd;
njhlu;ghd gpur;rpid vOg;gg;gl;l NghjpYk;> ,J njhlu;gpy; ,d;Dk; KOikahd epkpj;jk; FLk;gq;fspy; jq;fpthOk; epiyikia ve;j mstpw;F Fiwf;fg;gLfpd;wJld;
Kd;nkhopTfs; vJTk; tiuag;gltpy;iy. Rje;jpukhd tho;f;ifiar; nraw;gLj;JfpwJ vd;gjid mstpLk; Nehf;fpy; KjpNahu;
kw;Wk; khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;fSf;fhd r%fg; ghJfhg;Gj; njhlu;ghd rl;l kw;Wk;
nfhs;iff; fl;likg;gpd; nraw;gLjpwid kjpg;gpLtNj ,jd; Fwpf;NfhshFk;.
tpidj;jpwDs;s kw;Wk; nraw;wpwd; kpf;f rl;l kw;Wk; nfhs;iff; fl;likg;ghdJ
FLk;gj;jpy; cs;s ngz;fspd; UCW,d; Rikiaf; Fiwf;Fk; mNjNtis nraw;wpwd;
,d;ikahdJ ngz;fspd; Cjpak; ngwhj guhkupg;Gr; Rikia Nkhrkhfg; ghjpf;fpd;wJ.

fz;Lgpbg;Gfs;
CdKw;Nwhu; cupikfs; rk;ge;jkhd 2.2.1 ,iaGila rl;lk; kw;Wk; nfhs;iffs; 46. UNGA, Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
adopted on 24 January 2007, A/RES/61/106
Mu;tyu;fs; Rl;bf;fhl;Lfpd;w tifapy;> khw;whw;wy; cilNahu; Fwpj;j rl;l kw;Wk; nfhs;ifrhu; fl;likg;G 47. Note 20, 6
48. Ibid
,t;thwhd tpjpKiwfs; fhzg;gl;l NghjpYk;> 2016 Mk; Mz;L khrp khjk; 8 Mk; jpfjp khw;whw;wy; nfhz;l egu;fspd; cupikfs; 49. Article 28 of the CRPD
njhlu;ghd If;fpa ehLfspd; cld;gbf;ifia (CRPD)46 ,yq;if mq;fPfupj;Js;sJ.

njhlUk; cly;uPjpahd mZfy; gpur;rpidfs; khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;fSf;fhd mikg;Gfspd; $l;L Kd;dzp> If;fpa ehLfspd;
fhuzkhf> CdKw;wtu;fs;> fyhr;rhu nghUshjhu> r%f kw;Wk; fyhrhu cupikfSf;fhd FOtpw;F “,yq;ifapy;
CdKw;Nwhu;fspd; nghUshjhu> r%f kw;Wk; fyhrhu cupikfspd; epiy” vd;w
nraw;ghLfs; kw;Wk; nghOJNghf;Ffs;> Rfhjhu jiyg;gpyhd 2017Mk; Mz;L ntspapl;l epoy; mwpf;ifapy; gpd;tUkhW Fwpg;gpLfpwJ:
guhkupg;gpw;fhd KOikahd mZfy;> fy;tp “khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;fSf;fhd kw;Wk; ,jdbg;gilapy; ehl;by;

kw;Wk; Ntiy tha;g;Gfs; Nghd;wtw;wpypUe;J rl;lk; kw;Wk; tpjpfis tbtikg;gij Muk;gpg;gjw;Fk; ,J xU
Kf;fpakhd iky; fy;yhf ,Ue;jhYk; -mbg;gil ajhu;j;jq;fshd
gadila Kbahj epiyapy; cs;sdu;. khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;fs; mDgtpf;Fk; FiwghLfs;> tWik kw;Wk;
ghFghL Mfpait njhlu;fpd;wd.”47
mj;jpahtrpa mZfy; trjpfs; ,y;yhjjd;
fhuzkhf> CdKw;Nwhu;fs; mtu;fspd;
PWD ,d; cupikfs; kPwg;gLk; gl;rj;jpy;> khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;fspd; cupikfs;
tPLfs; my;yJ mz;ba r%fq;fSf;Fs; rk;ge;jkhd FOtplk; KiwaPLfisr; rku;g;gpf;fj; jdpegu;fs; kw;Wk; FOf;fSf;fhd
Kiwg;ghl;Lg; nghwpKiwia toq;Fk; CRPDf;fhd tpUg;gj;njupT newpKiwia
kl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;L> guhkupg;gpw;fhf FLk;gq;fis ,yq;if Vw;Wf; nfhs;stpy;iy. ,t;cld;ghl;il mq;fPfupg;gjd; %yk;> khw;whw;wy;
rjhTk; ek;gpapUf;f Ntz;bAs;sJ. epiyapd; mbg;gilapy; ghugl;rkpd;wp r%fg; ghJfhg;gpw;fhd PWDapd; cupikia
mq;fPfupg;gjw;Fk; kw;Wk; Fwpg;ghf khw;whw;wy; cs;s ngz;fs; kw;Wk; Atjpfs;>
kw;Wk; khw;whw;wy; cs;s KjpNahu;fSf;fhd r%fg; ghJfhg;Gj; jpl;lq;fs; kw;Wk;
tWikf; Fiwg;Gj; jpl;lq;fSf;fhd mZfiy cWjp nra;tjw;fhd Ntiyj;jpl;lq;fs;
cl;gl> ,t;Tupikiag; ghJfhg;gjw;Fk; Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;Fk; Njiitahd cupa
eltbf;iffis ,yq;if Nkw;nfhz;Ls;sJ.49 ,yq;if murpayikg;gpd; 12(4)

fz;Lgpbg;Gfs;
rl;lkhdJ> ‘khw;whw;wy; cs;Nshu;” cl;gl Fbkf;fspd; FOf;fspd; rYif mbg;gilapy; 1996Mk; Mz;bd; 28Mk; ,yf;f khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;; cupikfs; ghJfhg;Gr; 50. Adriana Cefis, “Barriers to Implementing the Convention on the
jho;e;jtu;fshf my;yJ mjpf ghJfhg;Gj; Njitg;gLtu;fshff; fUjg;gLk; gl;rj;jpy; rl;lkhdJ> khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;fSf;fhd Njrpa fTd;rpiy (NCPD) ];jhgpj;Js;sJ. Rights of Persons with Disabilities in Sri Lanka” (Colombo, Sri Lanka:
International Centre for Ethnic Studies, 2018), 62, https://ices.lk/wp-
cWjpahd eltbf;if vLf;fg;glyhk; vd;gij mq;fPfupf;fpwJ. (NCPD,d; nraw;wpwd; gw;wpa RUf;fkhd tpsf;fj;jpw;Ff; fPNo cs;s 2.2.3 Ig; content/uploads/2018/12/Barriers-to-Implementing.pdf.
ghu;f;fTk;). PWD,d; eyd; kw;Wk; ghJfhg;ig Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhd jpl;lq;fisg; 51. Note 20
52. International Centre for Ethnic Studies, “Women Living with

gupe;Jiuj;jy; kw;Wk; mKy;gLj;Jjy;> Gdu;tho;T Ntiyj;jpl;lq;fisr; nraw;gLj;Jjy;> Disabilities in Sri Lanka- Report Submitted to the Committee on the
,Ug;gpDk;> mikr;RfSf;F ,ilapyhd xUq;fpaf;fkpd;ik> epWtd tuyhw;wpid
PWDf;Fj; Njitahd Nritfis toq;Fjy; kw;Wk; njhopy; tha;g;gpw;Fj; Njitahd Elimination of Discrimination Against Women- 66th Session
mwpahik kw;Wk; khw;whw;wy; cilNahu; cupikfis eptu;j;jp nra;tjw;fhd mwpT (13 February–3 March 2017)” (Colombo, Sri Lanka, January 2017),
fy;tp kw;Wk; njhopw; gapw;rp Mfpatw;wpy; ,Ue;J gy;NtW eltbf;iffis https://ices.lk/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/ICES-Disability-
kw;Wk; jpwd; fhzg;glhik cs;spl;l epWtd> rlg;nghUs; kw;Wk; fyhrhuj; jilfs; Shadow-Report-31-Jan-17.pdf.
Nkw;nfhs;tjw;fhd mjpfhuj;ijf; fTd;rpy; ngw;Ws;sJ. njhopy; tha;g;gpw;fhd 53. Note 21
,yq;ifapy; cld;gbf;ifia KOikahf eilKiwg;gLj;Jtjpy; jilahf
Ml;Nru;g;G> fy;tp epWtdq;fspw;fhd mDkjp kw;Wk; nghJ ,lq;fSf;fhd cly;
,Ug;gjhfr; rhd;Wfs; njuptpf;fpd;wd.50 ,jd; tpisthf> cly;eyk;> Kiwahd fy;tp>
uPjpahd mZfy; Mfpatw;wpy; kl;LNk rkj;Jtk; kw;Wk; ghugl;rkw;w tpjpfs; rl;l
njhopy;Kiwg; gapw;rp> Nghf;Ftuj;J kw;Wk; nghUshjhu tha;g;Gfis mZFtjpy;
cWg;Giuapy; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. MdhYk;> CRPD,t; cupikfSf;fhd KO mstpyhd
cs;s jilfs; Nghd;w gy rthy;fis PWDfs; vjpu;nfhs;fpd;wdu;.51 khw;whw;wy;
nghWg;GWjpapid toq;Ftjpy;iy.53
cs;s ngz;fs; Fwpg;ghfg; ngz;fs; rhu;e;j gy jilfis vjpu;nfhs;fpwdu;. 2017 Mk;
Mz;by;> ,dj;Jtf; fw;iffSf;fhd ru;tNjr epiyak; (ICES) ngz;fSf;F vjpuhd
ghugl;r xopg;Gf; FOtpw;fhd (CEDAWFO) khw;whw;wYld; thOk; ngz;fs; gw;wpajdJ rl;lcWg;Giuapd; gpufhuk; “gpwtprhu; my;yJ gpwtp rhuw;w> jdJ cly;uPjpahd my;yJ
epoy; mwpf;ifapy;> Njrpakl;l jPu;khdq;fs; Nkw;nfhs;Sk; jsq;fspy;; gpujpepjpj;Jtk; kdeyk;rhu; ,aYikfspy; VNjDk; Fiwghl;bd; tpisthf> tho;f;ifapd; Njitfis
,y;yhik> Kiwahd fy;tp> Nghf;Ftuj;J kw;Wk; cl;;fl;likg;G kw;Wk; VJthf;fg;gl;l KOikahfNth my;yJ gFjpasthfj; jd;dhy; cWjpnra;J nfhs;s Kbahj
kw;Wk; cau; jukhd cjtpr; rhjdq;fspd; Njit Nghd;w gy gpur;rpidfis milahsk; ve;jnthU egUk;” vd;w tifapy; PWD,d; tpsf;fk;> khwhf tiuaWf;fg;gl;ljhf kw;Wk;
fz;Ls;sJ.52 xl;Lnkhj;jkhfg; ngz;fspd; Cjpak; ngwhj guhkupg;Gg; gzpapy;CRPDia njsptw;wjhff; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. ,J CRPD apd; tiutpyf;fzj;Jld; ,zq;fhj
KOikahf mKy;gLj;jj; jtwpajd; jhf;fq;fs; Fwpg;gplj;jf;fit. ,f;fhupaj; jtwhdJ> epiyapy; cs;sJ. Mifahy;> rl;l cWg;Giu KOikahf PWD,d; fz;zpak; kw;Wk;
khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;fs;; fz;zpaj;Jld; Rje;jpukhd tho;f;ifia elhj;Jtjw;Fj; Rje;jpuj;ijr; nraw;gLj;Jk; r%f ghJfhg;Gf;fhd mZfy; cl;gl PWD,d; cupikfisg;
Njitahd #oiy toq;Ftjw;fhd murpd; flikfis kiwKfkhf epuhfupg;gJld;> ghJfhg;gjw;Fg; NghJkhdjhf miktjpy;iy. khw;whw;wYf;fhd rl;l mZFKiwadhJ
murpdhy; Kf;fpakhff; fUjg;glhj FLk;gj;jpy; cs;s ngz;fspd; UWC,y; jq;fpapUf;f jq;fpthOk; epiyiaAk;> khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;fs; Rje;jpukhf tho;tjw;Fj; jFe;j
Ntz;ba jdpikg;gLj;jg;gl;l xU #oiy Nehf;fp mtu;fs; js;sg;gLfpwhu;fs;. trjpfs; ,y;yhjjhYk;> Njitg;gLk;NghJ jdpahu; guhkupg;G trjpfis ehLtjpy; mjpf
nryTfs; Vw;gLtjhYk; PWDia guhkupf;Fk; nghWg;ig kiwKfkhff; FLk;gq;fspd;
kPJk; Rkj;Jfpd;wJ. khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;fisg; ghukupf;Fk; FLk;gq;fSf;Fj;
Njitahd Vw;ghLfis toq;Ftjw;fhd mtrpaj;ijAk; ,r;rl;lk; Gwf;fzpj;Js;sJ.
1996 Mk; Mz;bd; rl;ltiuTf;Fg; gjpyhf 2006 Mk; Mz;L tiuT nra;ag;gl;L

fz;Lgpbg;Gfs;
2016 Mk; Mz;by; GJg;gpf;fg;gl;l khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;fSf;fhd cupikfs; 2003Mk; Mz;bd; ,yq;iff;fhd khw;whw;wy; njhlu;ghd Njrpaf; 54. Note 55, 53
rl;l%ykhdJ 2006 Mk; Mz;bypUe;J Fwpg;gplj;jf;f fhyj;ijf; fle;Jtpl;l NghjpYk; nfhs;ifahdJ> khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;fs; jq;fspd; cupikfs; kw;Wk; 55. Asian Development Bank, “Disabled People and Development -
ghuhSkd;wj;jhy; mq;fPfupf;fg;glhj epiyapy; tiuT nrad;Kiw kw;Wk; mjd; nghWg;Gfisr; nraw;gLj;Jtjw;Fk;> fpilf;ff;$ba tsq;fspy; rkkhd gq;fPl;il Sri Lanka Country Report” (Asian Development Bank, June 2005), 8,
https://think-asia.org/bitstream/handle/11540/6143/Disabled%20
cs;slf;fq;fs; Mu;tyu;fspd; tpku;rdj;Jf;F cs;shfpAs;sJ.54 cj;juthjk; nra;tjw;Fk; Njitahd xU njspthd nfhs;if ,y;yhikf;fhd xU people%20and%20development%20-%20Sri%20Lanka%20
country%20report%20Jun05.pdf?sequence=.
jPu;T topahf khw;whw;wy; cilNahu; cupikfSf;fhd ,af;fj;jpd; miog;gpd; Ngupy; 56. Auditor General, “Visually Handicapped Trust Fund - 2019 Audit
mwpKfg;glj;jg;gl;lJ. ,f;nfhs;ifahdJ> Ntiy kw;Wk; njhopy; tha;g;ig RahjPdkhfj; Statement” (National Audit Office, Sri Lanka, 2020), 4, https://naosl.
fl;Gydw;Nwhu; Gdu;tho;T ek;gpf;if epjpakhdJ 1992Mk; Mz;bd; ,y.9> gov.lk/web/images/audit-reports/upload/2019/FUNDS_19/3_VII/

Nju;e;njLg;gJ kw;Wk; njhopy; toq;Feu;fs; %yk; khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;fSf;fhd Visually-Handicapped-Trust-Fund--2019--E.pdf.
fl;Gydw;Nwhu; Gdu;tho;T ek;gpf;if epjpar; rl;lj;jpd; fPo; epWtg;gl;lJ.
epahakhd jq;Fkpl trjpfis toq;FtJ> twpatu;fspd; nghUshjhu> r%f kw;Wk;
,yq;if murpayikg;gpd; Njitapd; gpufhuk; fzf;fha;thsu; ehafj;jpd; xg;GjYf;F
murpay; uPjpahd tYT+l;ly;fSf;fhfr; nraw;gLj;jg;gLk; tWik xopg;G r%fg;
,zq;f ,e;epjp fzf;fha;Tf;F cl;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ. fl;Gydw;Nwhu; my;yJ fl;Gydw;w
ghJfhg;G Ntiyj; jpl;lq;fspy; cs;slq;FtJ. njhopw; gapw;rp kw;Wk; jpwd; Nkk;ghL>
gps;isfSf;fhd fy;tp kw;Wk; njhopw; gapw;rp trjpfis Cf;Ftpg;gjw;Fk; mjd;
fy;tp kw;Wk; cau; fy;tp tha;g;Gfs;;> Foe;ijfspd; tpNrl Njitfis Kd;$l;bNa
%yk; njhopy; tha;g;Gfis cUthf;Fjy; kw;Wk; Ranjhopy; kw;Wk; Njitahd
fz;lwpjy; kw;Wk; mjw;Fj; Njitahd jiyaPLfs; cs;slq;fyhd jukhd MNuhf;fpak;
topfhl;ly;fSf;Fj; Njitahd epjp cjtpfis toq;Fjw;fhfTk; ,e;epjp epWtg;gl;lJ.
kw;Wk; Gdu;tho;Tf;fhd Nkk;gl;l mZfy;> ,yq;ifapd; midj;Jf; Fbkf;fSf;Fk;
cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gLk; nghUl;fis re;ijg;gLj;Jtjw;fhd trjpfSk; toq;fg;gLfpd;wd.
ghFghlw;w rkkhd r%f ghJfhg;G> nghUj;jkhd cjtpr; rhjdq;fs; kw;Wk; njhopEl;gk;>
NkYk;> ,e;epjpahdJ tPl;L trjpfis cWjpnra;tjw;Fk;; kw;Wk; gadhspfSf;fhd
cs;slq;fyhd jPu;khdk; Nkw;nfhs;Sk; topKiwfSf;fhd mDkjp> kw;Wk; nghJ
nraw;ghLfis mKy;gLj;Jtjw;Fk; Njitahd cjtpia toq;Ffpd;wJ. rk cupikfs;
murpay; tho;f;ifapy; gq;Nfw;wy; Nghd;w rl;luPjpahd Vw;ghLfisf; nfhz;Ls;sJ.
kw;Wk; rk re;ju;g;gq;fis fl;Gydw;wtu;fs; ngw;Wf; nfhs;tijj; jLf;Fk; epiyikfis
r%fq;fspy; ,Ue;J PWDia gpupj;J itf;Fk; cj;jpfSf;fhd Cf;fj;ij ,f;nfhs;if
xopf;fj; Njitahd eltbf;iffis vLf;Fk; mjpfhuj;ijAk; ek;gpf;if epjpak; mjd;
Fiwg;gJld; rptpy; r%fj;jpy;; kw;Wk; midj;J kl;lq;fspYkhd mgptpUj;jp kw;Wk;
Nehf;fq;fspy; xd;whff; nfhz;Ls;sJ.55 2019Mk; Mz;bw;fhd fzf;fha;thsu;
eyd;Gupj; jpl;lq;fspy; cs;thq;Ftjd; %yk;;PWDfspd; cupikfs; kw;Wk; nghWg;Gfis
ehafj;jpdhy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;l epjpepiy mwpf;iffspd; fzf;fha;thdJ> Vida
Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;Fk; ghJfhg;gjw;Fk; r%fkl;l Gdu;tho;tpidg; gupe;Jiuf;fpd;wJ.
gpur;rpidfSf;F kj;jpapy; Fwpg;ghf> epjpg;gw;whf;Fiw fhuzkhff; fl;Gydw;wtu;fs;
PWD njhlu;ghd gpur;rpidfisj; jPu;g;gjpy; ,f;nfhs;if NghjpasT KOikahdjhff;
jq;fs; fy;tpg; gbg;Gfs; my;yJ njhopw;gapw;rpfisg; gpd;gw;Wtjw;F my;yJ
fhzg;gl;lhYk;;> PWD ,d; guhkupg;ghsu;fSf;fhd tPl;L kw;Wk; r%fg; guhkupg;G kw;Wk;
jahupf;fg;gl;l cw;gj;jpg; nghUl;fSf;fhd re;ijg;gLj;jy; trjpfis toq;Ftjw;Fj;
Jizahsu; tha;g;Gr; nryTfisf; fz;lwpe;J mtw;iw jPu;f;fj; jtWfpd;wJ. KOikahf
Njitahd tPl;L trjpfis Vw;gLj;Jtjd; Nehf;fpy; ve;jnthU nraw;ghLfSk;
eilKiwg;gLj;jg;glhjjd; fhuzkhff; nfhs;if mKyhf;fk; gw;wpa jfty;fs;
Nkw;nfhs;sg;gltpy;iy vd;gij mtjhdpj;Jf; Fwpg;gpl;Ls;sJ.56 ,it midj;Jk;
kpfTk; mupjhfNt fhzg;gLfpd;wd. vt;thwhapDk;> nfhs;ifapd; tpjpfs; KOikahf
rl;lj;jpd; ,uz;L Kf;fpa Nehf;fq;fshf ,Ug;gjhy;> nghUshjhu Rje;jpuj;ij
eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gl;lhy;> PWDfs; FLk;gj;jpd; kPJ jq;fptho;tJ Fiwtile;J UCW,y;
,yFgLj;Jtjd; %yk; fl;Gydw;w khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;fspd; tho;f;ifia
<LgLk; ngz;fspd; guhkupg;Gr; Rikiaf; Fiwj;Jg; ngz;fs; njhopyhsu; gilapy;
Nkk;gLj;Jtjpy; fhzg;gLk; epjpapd; nraw;wpwd; Nfs;tpf;FwpahfpAs;sJ.
,ize;J nfhs;tjw;fhd mjpf tha;g;Gfis cUthf;Ffpd;wJ.

fz;Lgpbg;Gfs;
2009 nrg;lk;gu; 18Mk; jpfjpaplg;gl;l xOq;FKiw %yk; jpUj;jg;gl;l 2006Mk; Ml;Nru;g;Gj; jpl;lj;jpy; Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;s Njitahd jFjpfis Ml;Nru;g;Gf;Fs;shdtu;fs;; 57. HRCSL, “Human Rights Commission of Sri Lanka - Annual Report
Mz;bd; khw;whw;wy; cilNahu; (mZif) tpjpKiw ,y. 1> gpufhuk; nghJ ngw;wpUf;f Ntz;baJld; kw;Wk; mtu;fspd; khw;whw;wy; epiy flikfis 2017” (HRCSL, 2017), 22, https://www.hrcsl.lk/wp-content/
uploads/2020/01/English-2017.pdf.
fl;blq;fs;> nghJ ,lq;fs; kw;Wk; nghJr; Nritfs; fpilf;fg; ngWk; ,lq;fs;>PWD epiwNtw;Wtjw;Fj; jilahf mikaf;$lhJ.59 MapDk;> khw;whw;wy; cilNahu; 58. See note 14 and Sarah Hannan, “Barrier-Free Access in Public
%yk; vspjhfTk; ghJfhg;ghfTk; mZFtjw;fhf tbtikf;fg;gly; Ntz;Lk;. NkYk;> cupikfs; rk;ge;jkhd Mu;tyu;fs;> ,r;Rw;WepUgj;jpd; rl;l Vw;ghLfs; jpwk;gl Spaces | Proper Access Still Blocked,” The Morning - Sri Lanka
News, October 11, 2020, http://www.themorning.lk/barrier-free-
tpjpKiwfs; eilKiwf;F te;jjd; 11 Mz;LfSf;Fs; jw;NghJs;s midj;Jg; mKy;gLj;jg;gLd;wJ vd;gij kWf;Fk; mNjNtisapy; PWDf;fhd tha;g;Gfspd; access-in-public-spaces-proper-access-still-blocked/.
nghJf; fl;blq;fSk;> Njitahd khw;wq;fis Nkw;nfhs;tjd; %yk; tpjpKiwfSf;F mjpfgl;r xJf;fPl;bw;fhfg; gupe;J thjpLfpd;wdu;.60 Rw;WepUgj;jpd; cs;slf;fj;jpd; 59. Public Administration Circular No. 01/9 dated 29 January 1999
and Public Administration Circular No. 27/88 of 18 August 1988,
,zq;f Ntz;Lk;. PWD kdpjhgpkhdg; nghJg; gzpfs;> guhkupg;G toq;Feu;fs; cl;gl rupahd tpisitg; gw;wpf; $Wtjhapd;> mjpy; fhzg;gLk; NkNyhl;lkhd rl;l Vw;ghLfs;; http://citizenslanka.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/01-1999e.pdf.
60. Note 20, 9

kw;wtu;fspy; jq;fpapUg;gij tiuaWg;gjpy; cjTfpd;w mNjNtis ,jd; %yk; PWD khw;whw;wy; epiy kw;Wk; jq;Fkpl trjpapd; Njitiaf; nfhz;Ls;s cjtpahsu;
,d; tho;f;ifj; juk;Nkk;gLtJld; kw;Wk; Cjpak; ngwhj guhkupg;Gg; gzpahsu;fspd; tuk;Gepiyiaf;; fUj;jpw; nfhs;shikia mtjhdpf;f KbtJld; Rw;WepUgk; PWD ,d;
guhkupg;Gr; RikiaAk; Fiwf;fpwJ. kdpj cupikfs; epiyikiaf; fz;fhzpf;Fk; xU cupikfis Ngr;rstpy; kl;LNk toq;ff;$Lk; vd;gijf; Fwpj;J epw;fpd;wJ. PWDf;F
RahjPd Mizf;FOthd ,yq;if kdpj cupikfs; Mizf;FO (HRCSL)> 2017,y; jdpahu; Jiwapy; njhopy; tha;g;Gfis toq;Ftjpy; KOikahd rl;l Vw;ghLfs;
nghJ epWtdq;fspd; Njrpa khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;fSf;fhd mZfy; jzpf;ifia ,y;yhik gw;wpa ftdk; nrYj;jg;gly; mtrpak;.
Nkw;nfhz;lJ.57 MapDk;> khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;fSf;fhd cupikfs; rk;ge;jkhd
Mu;tyu;fs; Rl;bf;fhl;Lfpd;w tifapy;> ,t;thwhd tpjpKiwfs; fhzg;gl;l NghjpYk;>
fy;tpf;fhd mZfyhdJNkyjpf njhopw;gapw;rp kw;Wk; njhopyhsu; re;ijapy;
njhlUk; cly;uPjpahd mZfy; gpur;rpidfs; fhuzkhf> khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;> fyhrhu
fhzg;gLk; Ntiy tha;g;Gfs; %yk; gadilatjw;F Kf;fpahdkhf mikAk;.1978
nraw;ghLfs; kw;Wk; nghOJNghf;Ffs;> Rfhjhug; guhkupg;gpw;fhd KOikahd mZfy;>
murpayikg;gpd; 27(2) (h) rl;lkhdJ> “fy;tpawptpd;ikia Kw;wpYk;
fy;tp kw;Wk; Ntiy tha;g;Gfs; Nghd;wtw;wpypUe;J gadila Kbahj epiyapy;
xopf;fg;gLtijAk;> midj;J kl;lq;fspYk; fy;tpf;fhd KOjshtpa kw;Wk; rkkhd
cs;sdu;.58 mj;jpahtrpa mZfy; trjpfs; ,y;yhjjd; fhuzkhf> PWDfs; mtu;fspd;
mZfYf;fhd cupikia midj;J egu;fSf;Fk; cWjp nra;tijAk;” cWjpg;gLj;j
tPLfs; my;yJ mz;ba r%fq;fSf;Fs; kl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;L> guhkupg;gpw;fhff; FLk;gq;fis
muR flikg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,Ug;gpDk;> ,J tof;fpl;L epiyehl;l Kbahj mur nfhs;ifapd;
vg;NghJk; ek;gpapUf;f Ntz;bAs;sJ.
topfhl;Ljy; Nfhl;ghLfs; kl;LNk. MfNt> eilKiwg;gLj;jf;$ba rl;l mjpfhuk;
fhzg;gLtjpy;iy. 1997 fhu;j;jpif 25Mk; jpfjp ,yf;fk; 1003{5 tu;j;jkhdp
Mtzp 18> 1988 ,d; nghJ epu;thf Rw;WepUg ,y. 27{88 MdJ nghJr; mwptpj;jy; %yk; mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;l 14 taJ tiuahd fl;lhaf; fy;tp> 1998Mk;
Nritj; Jiwapy; fhzg;gLk; ntw;wplq;spy; 3¤I PWDfSf;F xJf;fPL nra;tJld; Mz;L ij khjk; eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. 2016 Mk; Mz;L rpj;jpiu 20Mk;
midj;J mikr;Rf;fs;> jpizf;fsq;fs; kw;Wk; $l;Lj;jhgdq;spYk; ,r;Rw;WepUgj;ij jpfjp 1963{30 Mk; ,yf;f tu;j;jkhdp mwptpj;jypd; %yk; ,t;tanjy;iy 16
mKy;gLj;Jtjw;fhd mwpTWj;jiy toq;Ffpd;wJ. ,Ug;gpDk; mDkjpf;fgl;l

fz;Lgpbg;Gfs;
tUlq;fshf mjpfupf;fg;gl;lJ. ,f;fl;lhar; rl;lkhdJ khw;whw;wy; cila gps;isfSf;Fk; mZfy; Neaf;fy;tp epWtdq;fs; fy;tp tha;g;Gfis toq;Ftjd; %yk; PWD,id 61. Yolanthika Ellepola, “Talkingeconomics - Sri Lanka’s Invisible
nghUj;jkhff; fhzg;gl;l NghjpYk;> mj;jifa gps;isfspy; 34¤ vt;tpjkhd tYT+l;LtJld;> Rje;jpuk; kw;Wk; Rahl;rpia ,ayr; nra;tjd; %yk; nghUshjhu Children: The Need for Inclusive Education for Children with
Special Needs,” accessed March 7, 2022, https://www.ips.lk/
fy;tpiaAk; ngwtpy;iy. nghJ kw;Wk; jdpahu; fy;tp Kiwikfspy; PWDf;F fy;tp tha;g;GfSf;F toptFf;fpd;wJ. talkingeconomics/2016/04/25/sri-lankas-invisible-children-the-
need-for-inclusive-education-for-children-with-special-needs/.
toq;Ftjpy; epGzj;Jtk; fhzg;glhik kw;Wk; tsf; fl;Lg;ghLfs; fhuzkhf mwpTrhu; 62. HRCSL, “Human Rights Commission of Sri Lanka - Annual Report
FiwghLfs; nfhz;l fLikahfg; ghjpf;fg;gl;l gy gps;isfs; ghlrhiy nry;tijj; 2018” (HRCSL), 55, accessed March 7, 2022, https://www.hrcsl.lk/
wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Annual-Report-2018-English.pdf.
jtpu;g;gij Muk;gepiy Ma;T ntspg;gLj;Jfpd;wJ. ,jDld;> epjp neUf;fbfs; KjpNahu; Fwpj;j rl;l kw;Wk; nfhs;iff; fl;likg;G 63. Sections 15, and 25-30 of the Act
fhuzkhfg; nghJg; Nghf;Ftuj;jpw;fhd mZfy; ,y;yhik> my;yJ Fwpg;ghf
fpuhkg;Gwq;fspy; cl;fl;likg;G mgptpUj;jpapd;ik Nghd;w fhuzpfs; ghlrhiyfs; 2011,y; jpUj;jg;gl;l 2000Mk; Mz;bd; 09Mk; ,yf;f KjpNahu; cupikfs;
kw;Wk; gpw fy;tp epWtdq;fSf;fhd PWD,d; mZfiy NkYk; kWf;fpd;wd. ghJfhg;Gr; rl;lk; ,yq;ifapy; KjpNahu;fspd; eyd; kw;Wk; cupikfis Nkk;gLj;Jjy;
kw;Wk; ghJfhj;jy; kw;Wk; mtu;fspd; Rakupahij> fz;zpak; kw;Wk; Rje;jpuj;Jld;
tho;tjw;fhd cjtpfisg; Guptjw;F KjpNahu;fSf;fhd Njrpa rigia (NCE)
khw;whw;wy; cilNahu; cau;fy;tp epWtdq;fSf;fhd mZfy; njhlu;ghd epWTfpwJ. ,r;rl;lkhdJ> KjpNahUf;fhd eyd;Gup kw;Wk; gfy;Neug; guhkupg;G
Kf;fpakhdNjhu; gupe;Jiuia 2018 ,y; HRCSL toq;fpaJ.62 ,J murpayikg;gpd; ikaq;fis epWTtij Cf;Ftpf;fTk; kw;Wk; Njitahd Rfhjhuf; fhg;GWjp kw;Wk;
11 kw;Wk; 12(1) rl;lq;fspd; kPwy;fisf; fz;lwpe;J> rfyUf;Fk; fy;tpf;fhd ghFghlw;w gpw Nritfis mwpKfg;gLj;jTk; NCEapid Ntz;bepw;Fk; mNjNtis> rl;lj;jpd;
rkkhd mZfiy cWjp nra;tjw;fhd murpd; flikia typAWj;Jk; mNjNeuj;jpy; gpupT 13MdJ> ,yq;ifapd; ghuk;gupa tpOkpaq;fspd; mbg;gilapy; FLk;g myfpid
ghjpf;fg;gl;ltUf;fhd ,og;gPl;il toq;fTk; gupe;Jiuj;jJ. ru;tNjr juepiyfs; kw;Wk; tYg;gLj;Jtjw;fhd jpl;lq;fisg; gupe;Jiug;gJk;> KjpNahu;fs; Fwpj;j flikfis
cs;ehl;Lr; rl;lq;fs; kw;Wk; nfhs;iffSf;F ,zq;f gy;fiyf;fofq;fSf;Fs; ,isa jiyKiwapduplk; tsu;g;gjw;fhd nghUj;jkhd eltbf;iffis vLg;gJk;>
khw;whw;wy; cilNahu; cs;slq;fyhd fy;tpia Cf;Ftpf;fTk; kw;Wk; NCE,d; xU nraw;ghlhf mikAk;. rl;lj;jpd; ,uz;lhk; gFjpahdJ gps;isfs;
gy;fiyf;fofq;fspd; fy;tp kw;Wk; fy;tprhuh Copau;fs; kw;Wk; gpw nghJ Copau;fSf;F jq;fs; ngw;Nwhu;fSf;F Nrkpg;Gf; fl;lzq;fs; cs;slq;fyhfg; guhkupg;G toq;Ftij
khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;fSf;fhd cupikfs; kw;Wk; cs;slq;fy; gw;wpa gapw;rpia fl;lhag;gLj;JfpwJ. mjdbg;gilapy;> gps;isfs; ,y;yhj Mjutw;w KjpNahu;fs; my;yJ
toq;fTk; ,g;gupe;Jiug;G gy;fiyf;fof khdpaq;fs; Mizf;FOtpw;F cj;jutpl;lJ. gps;isfshy; iftplg;gl;l KjpNahu;fSf;F khj;jpuNk cupa jq;Fkpl trjpfis muR
HRCSL,d; gupe;Jiu mKy;gLj;jg;gl;ljh vd;gij cWjp nra;tjw;fhd vt;tpj Nkyjpf toq;Fk;. xU FLk;gj;jpYs;s Kjpatu;fisg; guhkupj;Jf; nfhs;sf;$ba ngz;fspd;
jfty;fSk;; fpilf;ftpy;iy. vt;thwhapDk;> mj;jifa cj;juTfisj; njhlu;r;rpahf vz;zpf;if Ntfkhff; Fiwe;J tUtjhy;> NkNy 2.1,y; fye;Jiuahlg;gl;l FLk;gk;
mKy;gLj;jhjJ cau;fy;tp epWtdq;fSf;fhd cly; uPjpahd mZfiyj; jLf;fpwJld; vd;w fUj;JUtpd; khWk; jd;ikahdJ Kjpatu;fis guhkupj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;ba
,jd; %yk; PWD ,d; mbg;gil kdpj cupikfs; kPwg;gLfpd;wd. khw;whw;wy; epiy flikia czu;j;JfpwJ. KjpNahu;fspd; guhkupg;gpw;fhff; FLk;gk; kw;Wk; r%fj;jpd;

fz;Lgpbg;Gfs;
,yq;ifapd; ghuk;gupa tpOkpaq;fspd; kPjhd rl;lg;G+u;t jq;fp tho;epiyahdJ> ghuk;gupakhfg; guhkupg;G toq;Feu;fs; vd;w
tfpgq;fpidg; ngz;fs; Vw;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W vjpu;ghu;f;fg;gLtJ mtu;fs; kPJ epahakw;w
64. Silvia Stefanoni and Camilla Williamson, “Review of Good
Practice in National Policies and Laws on Ageing” (UNFPA and
mbg;gilapy; FLk;g myfpid nghWg;igr; Rkj;JfpwJ vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ. ,J gpd;du; guhkupg;G toq;Fk; ngz;fspd;
HelpAge International, October 2015), ii, https://www.helpage.org/
download/56150b0176b2a.
nghUshjhu tha;g;Gfisf; Fiwg;gJld; kw;Wk; ngz;fs; jhq;fpf;nfhs;s NeupLk; “National Charter for Senior Citizens and National Policy for
tYg;gLj;Jtjw;fhd jpl;lq;fisg;
65.
Senior Citizens Sri Lanka,” 2006, 24, https://www.povertyportal.lk/

Kk;Kidr; Rikfis mjpfupf;fpd;wJ. rl;l kw;Wk; nfhs;if fl;likg;ghdJ> muR> resource-library/national-charter-for-senior-citizens-and-national-
policy-for-senior-citizens-sri-lanka-730a311cbbd026865ba0ab4c
gupe;Jiug;gJk;> KjpNahu;fs; Fwpj;j flikfis jdpegu; kw;Wk; FLk;gj;jpw;fpilNa nghWg;G vt;thW gfpug;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;gij epiyehl;l b818fbef.html.
Ntz;Lk;.64 66. Camilla Williamson, “Policy Mapping on Ageing in Asia
,isa jiyKiwapduplk; tsu;g;gjw;fhd and the Pacific Analytical Report” (UNFPA and HelpAge
International), accessed March 7, 2022, https://www.helpage.org/
download/55c2288abe5b6.
nghUj;jkhd eltbf;iffis vLg;gJk;> NCE gq;Fdp 2006,y; mikr;ruitahy; mq;fPfupf;fg;gl;l %j;j Fbkf;fSf;fhd Njrpa
epajpr;rl;lk; kw;Wk; %j;j Fbkf;fSf;fhd ,yq;ifj; Njrpaf; nfhs;ifahdJ
,d; xU nraw;ghlhf mikAk;. KjpNahu;fspd; %g;Gwy; rk;ge;jkhf khl;upl;by; ,lk;ngw;w 2MtJ cyff; $l;lj;jpd; gupe;Jiufis
guhkupg;gpw;fhf FLk;gk; kw;Wk; r%fj;jpd; kPjhd mbg;gilahff; nfhz;lJ. ,e;epajpr;rl;lkhdJ> ,yq;ifapd; %j;j Fbkf;fspd;
cupikfs; kw;Wk; nghWg;Gfis Kd;itg;gJld;> Rje;jpuk;> fz;zpak;> gq;Nfw;G>
rl;lg;G+u;t jq;fptho; epiyahdJ> ngz;fs; RaepiwT kw;Wk; ey;y tho;f;ifj; juk; Mfpatw;wpd; kjpg;Gfis gyg;gLj;JfpwJ. Vida
%j;j Fbkf;fs; my;yJ guhkupg;G toq;Feu;fspd; cupikfspy; jiyaplhky;> mtu;fspd;
kPJ epahakw;w nghWg;ig Rkj;JfpwJ vd;gJ cupikfisg; nghWg;Gld; nray; gLj;Jtjpy;> FLk;gk;> guhkupg;G toq;Feu;fs;> Rfhjhug;
Fwpg;gplj;jf;fJ. guhkupg;G epGzu;fs; kw;Wk; guhkupg;G toq;Fk; epWtdq;fs; kPjhd %j;j Fbkf;fspd;
nghWg;Gfspd; ,iz mwpf;ifAk; ,jpy; cs;slq;fpwJ. %j;j Fbkf;fs;> guhkupg;G
toq;Feu;fs; my;yJ Rfhjhu epGzu;fSf;fhd guhkupg;G> Rfhjhuk; kw;Wk; eyd;Gupj;
jpl;lq;fspd; juk; kjpg;gPL nra;ag;gl Ntz;ba mj;jpahtrpa tpjpKiwfis epajpr;rl;lk;
nfhz;Ls;sJ.65 Kf;fpakhf> ,J rdj;njhif %g;Gwypd; r%f> nghUshjhu kw;Wk;
murpay; tpisTfisAk; fUj;jpy; nfhs;tJld;> ,jd; gFg;gha;T tajhdtu;fis
r%fj;jpy; KOikahf xUq;fpizg;gjw;F toptFf;fpd;wJ.66 nfhs;ifahdJ Fwpg;ghf
KjpNahu;fis midj;Jtpj tWikf; Fiwg;G %Nyhghaq;fspy; cs;slf;FtJld;>
mtu;fspd; fz;zpaj;ijg; ghJfhf;fTk; kw;Wk; nghUshjhu uPjpahfj; jq;fs;
FLk;gq;fisj; jq;fpapUf;fhky; tho;tjw;Fk; Njitahd nghUshjhu Rje;jpuj;jpd;
Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ijAk; Vw;Gj; njuptpf;fpd;wJ. Nkyjpf nghWg;Gfs;> ngz;fSf;fhd
Ntiy tha;g;Gfis trjpnra;jy;> njhopytha;g;G kw;Wk; Xa;T+jpaj; jpl;lq;fspy;
ghFghl;ilj; jLj;jy;> ngz;fs; ngUk;ghd;ikahf tpsq;Fk; guhkupg;ghsu;fs; kPJ
Rkj;jg;gl;Ls;s Rikiaj; jzpg;gjw;fhd eltbf;iffs; %yk; FLk;gj;jpYs;s Cjpak;

fz;Lgpbg;Gfs;
ngwhj guhkupg;ghsu;fSf;fhd Mjuit Nkk;gLj;Jjy; kw;Wk; ngz;fSf;F vjpuhd KjpNahu; kw;Wk; PWDf;fhd FWf;F ntl;L ,iaGilikahd rl;l 67. Ibid, 26
midj;J tifahd ghFghLfisAk; ePf;Fjy; Mfpatw;iw cs;slf;Fk;. ,e;epajpr;rl;lk; kw;Wk; nfhs;iff; fl;likg;G 68. Sections 2.1.1 to 2.1.5 of the National Elderly Health Policy of 2017
kw;Wk; nfhs;if> Mrpah grpgpf; gpuhe;jpaj;jpy; xU rpwe;j eilKiw vLj;Jf;fhl;lhff; 69. Ibid, Section 2.3.3
fUjg;gLfpd;wJ.67 ,Ug;gpDk;> nfhs;ifahdJ KOikahf mKy;gLj;jg;gLtjid 1999Mk; Mz;bd; 33Mk; ,yf;f rl;lj;jpd; %yk; jpUj;jg;gl;l 1996Mk; Mz;bd;
cWjpg;gLj;j vt;tpj MjhuKk; fhzg;gLtjpy;iy. gaDs;s tifapy; nraw;gLj;Jtjpy; 17Mk; ,yf;f r%fg; ghJfhg;Gr; rigapd; rl;lj;jpdhy; ,yq;if r%fg; ghJfhg;Gr;
cs;s FiwghLfs; cs;slf;fj;jpd; gad;ghl;il> Fwpg;ghf FLk;gj;jpd; kPjhd guhkupg;Gr; rig ];jhgpf;fg;gl;lJ. Ranjhopy;> Kiwrhuhj; Jiw kw;Wk; Vida mur Xa;T+jpak;
Rikiaf; Fiwg;gjpy; kw;Wk; FLk;gj;jpy; cs;s ngz;fspd; UCW,id mjpfupg;gjd; ngwhj Jiwfspy; <Lgl;Ls;stu;fSf;F mtu;fspd; KJik tajpy; kw;Wk; khw;whw;wy;
%yk; nry;Ygbaw;wjhf;Ffpd;wJ. epiy Vw;gbd; Xa;T+jpak; kw;Wk; r%fg; ghJfhg;Gg; gpujpyhgq;fis Vw;gLj;JtNj
,r;rl;lj;jpd; Fwpf;NfhshFk;. rl;lk; Fwpg;gpl;l tifapdUf;F Xa;T+jpaj; jpl;lq;fis
epiy ehl;bapUe;j NghjpYk;> fl;lzk; nrYj;Jtjpy; cs;s gw;whf;Fiw kw;Wk; gpw
2017 Mk; Mz;bd; Njrpa KjpNahu;fSf;fhd Rfhjhuf; nfhs;ifahdJ>
nrad;Kiwrhu; rthy;fs; jpl;lq;fisg; gytPdg;gLj;Jfpd;wd. (,t; Xa;T+jpaj; jpl;lq;fs;
njhw;whj Neha;fspd; guty;> jdpikg;gLj;jy;> fz;zpak; kw;Wk; Rje;jpukpd;ik>
gw;wpa Nkyjpf jftYf;F fPNo cs;s 2.2.2Ig; ghu;f;fTk;)
nghUshjhu ];jPukw;w jd;ik kw;Wk; Fiwthd r%fg; ghJfhg;G Kiwikfs;
Kjpatu;fspd; MNuhf;fpaj;ij vjpu;kiwahfg; ghjpf;fpd;wJ vd;gij Vw;Gj; njuptpg;gJld;
kw;Wk; ePz;l fhyg; guhkupg;G> tYthd Gdu;tho;T Nritfs;> gfy;Neug; guhkupg;Gr; NkNy Fwpg;gpl;l rl;lq;fs; kw;Wk; nfhs;iffSf;F Nkyjpfkhf> gy Njrpa Rfhjhuf;
Nritfs; kw;Wk; tPl;lbg;gilapyhd guhkupg;G Mfpait Njitg;gLk; KjpNahu; nfhs;iffs; KjpNahu; kw;Wk; khw;whw;wy; epiyapy; cs;stu;fspd; tho;f;ifia
Rfhjhuj;ij jw;Nghija Rfhjhu KiwikahdJ NghJkhd mstpy; Nehf;fkhff; Nkk;gLj;Jk; tifapy; Rfhjhug; guhkupg;Gr; Nritfis toq;Ftijf; Fwpg;gpLfpd;wd.
nfhz;bUf;ftpy;iy. Neha;j;jtpu;g;G> epthuzk;> Neha;j;jzpg;G> Gdu;tho;Trhu; kw;Wk; mjdbg;gilapy;> ,yq;ifj; Njrpa Rfhjhuf; nfhs;if 2016 - 2025 MdJ>
ePz;l fhyg; guhkupg;G Mfpait cs;slq;fyhd rpwe;j MNuhf;fpaj;ij KjpNahu;fs; khw;whw;wy; epiyia milahsq; fhZjy; kw;Wk; Kd;$l;bNa fz;lwpjy; Mfpait
NgZtjw;fhf KOikahd Rfhjhug; ghJfhg;Gr; Nritfs; fpilg;gij cWjp nra;tJ gpwg;gpw;F Kd;du;> gpwg;gpy; kw;Wk; mjw;Fg; gpd;du; Vw;glf;$ba khw;whw;wy; epiyfspd;
nfhs;ifapd; Fwpf;Nfhs;fspy; xd;whFk;.68 MfNt> FLk;gg; guhkupg;G Kiwik mjpf jPtpuj;ijf; Fiwf;fyhk; vd;gij mq;fPfupf;fpd;wJ. Rfhjhu epiyia Nkk;gLj;Jjy;
Rikahf ,Uf;fyhk; vd;gij Vw;Gj;; njuptpj;jhYk;> ghuk;gupa FLk;g cjtp mikg;gpid kw;Wk; KjpNahu; kw;Wk; PWDfspd; jq;fptho; epiyiaf; Fiwj;jy; Mfpatw;wpd;
,f;nfhs;if tYg;gLj;JfpwJ. FLk;gq;fshy; KOehl; guhkupg;ig toq;f Kbahjjhy;> mtrpaj;ij Neha;j; jLg;Gr; Rfhjhu ,yf;fhf ,f;nfhs;if NkYk; milahsg;gLj;JfpwJ.
Fwpg;gplj;jf;f tifapy;> KjpNahu;fSf;fhd gfy;Neug; guhkupg;G trjpfis toq;Ftjd; ,yq;ifapy; tpgj;Jfs; kw;Wk; mtrufhy epiyfs; njhlu;ghd jLf;ff;$ba ,wg;G
Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ij ,J milahsq; fz;Ls;sJ.69 ,J rpwe;j epWtd kw;Wk; kdpj kw;Wk; khw;whw;wy; epiyiaf; Fiwg;gjw;fhf> cau;juj;jpyhd Neha; epthuzg; guhkupg;G
tsq;fis toq;Ftjw;fhd %Nyhghaq;fs;> KjpNahu; guhkupg;Gg; gw;wpa Ma;T kw;Wk; kw;Wk; KO mstpyhd tpgj;J kw;Wk; Rfhjhug; guhkupg;gpd; midj;J epiyfspYk;
gapw;rp kw;Wk; KJikapy; Vw;gLk; khw;whw;wy; epiyiaj; jLg;gjw;fhfg; gupe;J NgRk; mtrufhyr; Nritfs; toq;fypd; mtrpaj;ijAk; ,J mq;fPfupf;fpwJ. khw;whw;wy;
Kaw;rpfisAk; cs;slf;Ffpd;wJ.

fz;Lgpbg;Gfs;
cs;stu;fs; jq;fsJ md;whlr; nraw;ghLfis RakhfNt epiwNtw;wpf; nfhs;Sk; tifapyhd KjpNahu; Rfhjhug; guhkupg;ig Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhd khtl;l kl;lj;jpyhd nraw;ghLfis 70. Note 18, 15
r%f mbg;gilapyhd KOikahd Gdu;tho;Tg; guhkupg;gpid toq;Ftjd; mtrpaj;ij mKy;gLj;Jtjw;fhd topfhl;Ljiy toq;Fjy;> kUj;Jtkidfspy; KjpNahu; Neag;
,f;nfhs;if xU Gdu;tho;T ,yf;fhf milahsq; fhz;fpd;wJ. gpupTfis epWTjy; kw;Wk; NghJkhd kdpj tsq;fs; kw;Wk; epjp cjtp fpilg;gjid cWjp
nra;jy; Nghd;wit %yk; KjpNahu;fs; kw;Wk; PWD,w;fhd juk;kpf;f Rfhjhug; guhkupg;gpid
Nkk;gLj;Jtjpy; Kjd;ikj; jpl;lkhdJ Ntz;b epw;fpd;wJ.
NkYk;>2016 - 2025 Rfhjhu Nritfis mgptpUj;jp nra;tjw;fhd Njrpa %Nyhghaf;
fl;likg;ghdJ KjpNahu; kw;Wk; khw;whw;wy; cilNahu; Nea#oypd;ik> capu;g;Gs;s cly;
eyj;Jldhd %g;Gwy; gw;wpa tpopg;Gzu;tpd;ik> KjpNahu; guhkupg;Gj; njhlu;ghd cs;thupahd r%f elkhLk; rpfpr;irafq;fs;;> mWitr; rpfpr;irfs; my;yJ mJNghd;w %Nyhghfq;fis
kw;Wk; JiwfSf;fpilNaahd xj;Jiog;G ,y;yhik> KjpNahu; guhkupg;gpy; jdpj;Jtkhd Vw;gLj;Jtjd; %yk; KjpNahu;fs; kw;Wk; PWDfSf;Fj; Njitahd Rfhjhu Nritfis
Nrit epiyaq;fs; kw;Wk; epGzj;Jtu;fs; ,y;yhik kw;Wk; %g;Gwy; rdj;Njhif njhlu;ghd toq;Ftjw;fhd eltbf;iffs; xl;Lnkhj;j Rfhjhuf; nfhs;ifapy; fhz Kbtjpy;iy. r%f
gpur;rpidfs; vd Kjpatu;fisf; Fwpj;J ,sk; jiyKiwapdupilNa rupahd kdg;ghq;F Nritfis toq;Ftjw;Fj; Njitahd kdpj tsq;fs; Rfhjhuj; Jiwapy; fhzg;glhikahy;
,y;yhik Mfpatw;iw milahsq; fhz;fpd;wJ. KjpNahu;fSf;fhd Neha;jzpg;Gg; ,e;epiyikia Nkhrkilar; nra;fpd;wJ. ,j;jifa eltbf;iffs; ,y;yhikahdJ
guhkupg;gpd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ijAk; kw;Wk; ,t;thwhd egu;fspd; tho;f;ifj; juj;ij Nkk;gLj;Jk; vspjpy; ghjpf;fg;glf;$ba gadhspfs; kUj;Jtkidfis ehLtjw;fhd Nghf;Ftuj;J
nghUl;L khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;fSf;fhd Rw;Wr;#oy;rhu; jilfisf; Fiwg;gijAk; ,J kw;Wk; mjw;fhd nryTfisj; Njbf;nfhs;tjpy; Rikia Vw;gLj;JfpwJ. ,e;egu;fspd;
milahsq;fz;L nfhs;fpd;wJ. FLk;gq;fs; mtu;fspd; Kjd;ikg; guhkupg;ghsu;fshf kw;Wk; vspjpw; ghjpf;fg;glf;$ba
mtu;fspd; FLk;g cWg;gpdu;fspd; ey;tho;Tf;Fg; nghWg;ghdtu;fshf ,Ug;gjdhy;
mtu;fs; Rikg; gLj;jg;gLfpd;wdu;. NkYk;> Kiwahd ePz;l fhyg; guhkupg;Gr; NritahdJ
NkYk;> Njrpa Rfhjhu %Nyhgha Kjd;ikj; jpl;lj;jpd; 2016 - 2025 njhFjp.
jw;NghJs;s Nfs;tpiaf; $lg; G+u;j;jp nra;aKbahJ jPtpug; gw;whf;Fiwahff; fhzg;gLfpd;w
III Gdu;tho;Tr; Nritfs;> Njitahd cjtpr; Nritfs; ,d;ikahdJ> PWDapdiu FLk;g
mNjNtis> Kjpatu;fSf;fhd ePz;l fhyg; guhkupg;Gf;fhd Nfs;tp mjpfupj;J tUfpd;wJ.
cWg;gpdu;fspy; mjpfkhfj; jq;fpapUf;f Ntz;ba epiyf;F Mshf;FtJld; PWD kw;Wk;
,J guhkupg;gpd; Nfs;tpapw;Fk; mjd; epuk;gYf;Fk; ,ilNaahd Fwpg;gplj;jf;f ,ilntspia
FLk;g cWg;gpdu; Mfpa ,UrhuhiuAk; nghUshjhu uPjpahf capu;g;Gs;sjhfTk; r%f uPjpahf
cUthf;fpAs;sJld; KjpNahUf;fhd ePz;l fhy cWjpaspf;fg;gl;l guhkupg;gpd; mtrpaj;ijf;
cs;thq;fg;gLtijAk; jLf;f KbAk; vd;gij Vw;Gj; njuptpf;fpd;wJ. KjpNahu;fSf;Fk;
nfhs;if tFg;ghsu;fs; Fiwj;J kjpg;gpLtjhy; ,J Nkhrkilfpd;wJ.70
,J nghUj;jkhf mikAk;. Mifahy;> Rfhjhu trjpfis Nkk;gLj;Jjy;> Neha;j;jtpu;g;G
kw;Wk; Rfhjhu Nkk;ghL> jpwd; mgptpUj;jp kw;Wk; gupe;J NgRjy; %ykhd KjpNahu; kw;Wk;
PWDMNuhf;fpak; gw;wp Rfhjhug; ghuhkupg;ghsu;fisf; $Uzu;r;rpA+l;ly; cs;slq;fyhf

fz;Lgpbg;Gfs;
2.2.2 r%f ghJfhg;Gj; jpl;lq;fs; cupik fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. ,jdbg;gilapy;> tho;f;ifj; Jiztu;fs; kw;Wk; mtu;fspy; 71. Ravi P. Rannan-Eliya Vindya Eriyagama, “Assessment of the
jq;fpapUf;Fk;; Foe;ijfs; ,t;Xa;T+jpaj;ijg; ngWtjw;fhd cupikAilatu;fshtu;. Employees’ Provident Fund in Sri Lanka,” Research Studies:
Demographic Transition and Pension Series No. 3 (IPS & ILO, August
KjpNahu; kw;Wk; PWD,w;Ff; fpilf;ff;$ba r%fg; ghJfhg;Gj; jpl;lq;fs; gzk; kw;Wk; xU mur Copau; kuzj;ijj; jOTk; re;ju;g;gj;jpy; mtuJ khw;whw;wy; cs;s gps;isfs; 2003), 14, https://www.ips.lk/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/05_
Assessment-of-the-employee-ips.pdf.
gz;lk; my;yJ Nritg; gupkhw;wq;fs; Kjy; Xa;T+jpaq;fs;> fhg;GWjpj; jpl;lq;fs; tajpidg; nghUl;gLj;jhky; Xa;T+jpaj;jpw;fhd cupikia ngw;Wf; nfhs;fpd;wdu;.
kw;Wk; tho;thjhu mgptpUj;jpj; jpl;lq;fs; tiu gy;NtW jpl;lq;fis cs;slf;Ffpd;wd.
,Ug;gpDk;> ,j;jpl;lq;fspd; tpidj;jpwd; kw;Wk; gad;tpisT Mfpait Nghjhik>
PSPS,w;;Fj; jFjpaw;w mur Copau;fSf;fhf mur Copau; Nrk epjpak; (PSPF)
mZfy;> jhq;Fik kw;Wk; juk; Nghd;w rpy rthy;fshy; NtWgLfpd;wd.
fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. ,J jw;fhypf xg;ge;jj;jpd; fPOs;s muRj; Jiw Copau;fSk;
jFjpngWk; xU tiuaWf;fg;gl;l gq;fspg;G Xa;T+jpaj; jpl;lkhFk;. cWg;gpdu;fs; jq;fs;
Xa;T+jpak; kw;Wk; tUkhdg; gupkhw;wj; jpl;lq;fs; rk;gsj;jpy; 8%I gq;fspf;Fk; mNjNeuj;jpy; murhq;fk; rk;gsj;jpy; 12%I gq;fspf;fpd;wJ.
Kiwrhu; Jiw Copau;fSf;fhdJ

Copau; Nrk epjpak; (EPF) kw;Wk; Copau; ek;gpf;ifg; nghWg;G epjpak; (ETF) Mfpait
ehl;bYs;s xl;Lnkhj;j Kjpatu;fisAk; cs;slf;fpa KOikahd Xa;T+jpaj; jpl;lk;
Kiwrhu; jdpahu; Jiw Copau;fSf;fhd gpujhd gzp Xa;T eyd; Gupj; jpl;lq;fshFk;.
,yq;ifapy; fhzg;gLtjpy;iy. eilKiwapYs;s Xa;T+jpaj; jpl;lq;fs; KjpNahu;fspd;
EPF vd;gJ xU tiuaWf;fg;gl;l gq;fspg;Gj; jpl;lkhFk;. ,jpy; gzpahsu;fs; kw;Wk;
xU gFjpapdiu kl;LNk cs;slf;Ffpd;wd. Xa;T+jpaj; jpizf;fsj;jpdhy;
njhopy; toq;Feu;fs; KiwNa cWg;gpdupd; nkhj;j tUkhdj;jpy; 8¤ kw;Wk; 12¤
eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gLk; mur Copau;fspd; Xa;T+jpaj; jpl;lk; (PSPS)> xU
gq;fspg;ig toq;Ffpd;wdu;. ,J murhq;fj;jpd; gq;fspg;Gfs; my;yJ khdpaq;fis
gq;fspg;gw;w ,yq;ifapd; kpfg;ngupa r%ff; fhg;GWjpj; jpl;lkhFk;. Fiwe;jgl;rk;
ek;gpapUg;gjpy;iy. Mz;fSf;F 55 taJk;> ngz;fSf;F 50 taJk; epiwtile;jTld;>
120 khj NritAld; Xa;T+jpak; ngwj; jFjpahd Nritapy; gzpGuptNj jFjpf;fhd
cWg;gpdu;fs; jq;fsJ Xa;T+jpag; gyd;fis xNu jlitapy; nkhj;jkhfg; ngwj;
msTNfhyhFk;. PSPS vd;gJ xU tiuaWf;fg;gl;l eyd;Gupj; jpl;lkhf miktJld;
jFjpAilatu;fshtu;. Fbg;ngau;r;rpapd;NghJ my;yJ ngz;fs; jpUkzj;jpd; gpd;du;
,jd;khjhe;j Xa;T+jpakhdJ> Nritapd; fhyj;jpw;F Vw;g> ,Wjpr; rk;gsj;jpd; xU
epue;jukhfg; gzpaplj;ij tpl;L ntspNaWk;NghJ ,f;fhy tiuaiwapw;F Kd;du;
rjtPjkhff; fzf;fplg;gLfpd;w eyd;Gupj; jpl;lkhFk;. jq;fptho;NthUf;fhd ,wg;Gg;
EPF,d; gyd;fis cWg;gpdu;fshy; Nfhug;glyhk;. EPF jpl;lj;jpd; gpujhd Nehf;fkhdJ>
gzpf;nfhil kw;Wk; gzpapy; ,Uf;Fk;NghJ tpgj;Jf;Fs;shjy; ,ayhikf;Fl;gLk; mur
KJikf; fhyj;jpy; cWg;gpdu;fSf;fhd ghJfhg;ig cWjp nra;tjhFk;. vdpDk;>
Copau;fSf;F toq;fg;gLk; nkhj;jg; gzpf;nfhil Mfpad PSPS,d; fPo; fpilf;Fk; gpw
,j;jpl;lkhdJ mjd; cWg;gpdu;fSf;F Xa;T+jpaj;ijNah my;yJ rPuhd tUkhdj;ijNah
ed;ikfshFk;.
mtu;fs; Xa;T ngw;wjd; gpd;du; toq;Ftjpy;iy. ngUk;ghYk; nkhj;jj; njhifapd;
KjyPl;by; ,Ue;J <l;btUk; tl;b Fiwe;j gjpyPl;L tUkhdj;ij cWg;gpdu;fs; <l;Lk;
PSPS,d; fPohd fl;lha gq;fspg;Gj; jpl;lkhd fztid ,oe;Njhu;> kidtpia Cjpaj;Jld; xg;gplf;$bajhf ,y;iy.71 NkYk;> Kiwrhuhj; Jiwapy; cs;s %d;wpy;
,oe;Njhu; kw;Wk; mdhijfs; Xa;T+jpaj; jpl;lj;jpd; (W&OP) fPo; xU mur Copau;
kuzj;ijj; jOtpdhy;> mtupy; jq;fp tho;gtu;fs; Xa;T+jpaj;ijg; ngw;Wf;nfhs;tjw;fhd

fz;Lgpbg;Gfs;
,uz;L tPjkhd njhopyhsu;fs; gyd;fspy; ,Ue;J jtpu;f;fg;gl;Ls;sjd; fhuzkhf gq;fspg;G toq;fhj jd;ikAila PSPS r%fg; ghJfhg;Gr; nrytPdj;jpy; mz;zsthf 72. René Leon Solano, “Sri Lanka Must Increase Its Efforts to Protect
EPF jpl;lkhdJ tuk;Gf;Fl;gl;l nranyy;iyiaf; nfhz;Ls;sJld;;> ,jd; tpisthf 5673 rjtPjj;ij tfpg;gJ xU ftiyf;Fupa tplakhFk;. jpyfuj;d kw;Wk; [atu;jd and Promote the Human Capital of the Elderly,” October 1, 2021,
https://blogs.worldbank.org/endpovertyinsouthasia/sri-lanka-must-
Xa;T ngw;wtu;fs; rpy Ntisfspy; tWikf; Nfhl;bd; fPo; tho;fpd;wdu; my;yJ tUkhd MfpNahupd; 2014Mk; Mz;bd; Xu; Ma;tpd;gb> nkhj;j r%fg; ghJfhg;Gr; nrytpy; increase-its-efforts-protect-and-promote-human-capital-elderly.
,og;ig <Lnra;Ak; Nehf;fpy; Kiwrhuhg; gzpfis Nkw;nfhs;fpd;wdu;.72 80¤,w;Fk; mjpfkhd njhif murJiw Copau;fis cs;thq;fpa Kiwrhu; Jiw 73. Ganga Tilakaratna Sahan Jayawardana, “Social Protection in Sri
Lanka: Current Status and Effect on Labor Market Outcomes,” in
Copau;fSf;fhf xJf;fg;gLfpwJ. MdhYk; nkhj;j KjpNahu; rdj;njhifapy; 20-30¤ SARNET Working Paper No.3, 2015, 21, https://www.researchgate.
net/profile/Ganga-Tilakaratna/publication/316542698_
kl;LNk Xa;T+jpa mD$yq;fisg; ngWfpd;wdu;.74 Xa;T+jpa mD$yq;fisg; ngWk; Tilakaratna_G_and_S_Jayawardena_2015_’Social_Protection_in_Sri_
ETFMdJ> nkhj;j khjhe;j rk;ghj;jpaj;jpy; 3¤ gq;fspg;ig njhopy; toq;Feu; Lanka_Current_Status_and_Effect_on_Labour_Market_Outcomes’_
KjpNahu; rdj;njhiff;F vjpuhf tuTnryTj; jpl;l xJf;fPLfspd; rjtPjq;fSf;F ,ilNa SARNET_working_paper_No_3_South_Asia_Research_Network_
gq;fspf;f Ntz;ba fl;lha gq;fspg;Gj; jpl;lkhFk;. Ntiy ,ilaPl;bd;NghJ taijg; for_Employment_and_Socia/links/5902f043a6fdcc8ed511a986/
cs;s Vw;wj;jho;T> PSPS kw;Wk; Kiwrhu; Jiw Copau;fSf;Ff; fpilf;Fk; gpw Xa;T+jpaj; Tilakaratna-G-and-S-Jayawardena-2015-Social-Protection-in-Sri-
nghUl;gLj;jhky; ETFI ngw;Wf; nfhs;syhk;. NkYk;> ETF MdJ Rfhjhuk; kw;Wk; fy;tp Lanka-Current-Status-and-Effect-on-Labour-Market-Outcomes-
jpl;lq;fspd; kPs; kjpg;gPl;bid Ntz;b epw;fpd;wJ. Xa;T+jpa mD$yj; jpl;lq;fSf;F SARNET-working-paper-No-3-South-Asia-Research-Network-for-
njhlu;ghd eyd;Gupj; jpl;lq;fisAk; toq;FfpwJ. rfy cWg;gpdu;fSk; MAs; fhg;GWjpj; Employment-and-Soci.pdf?_sg%5B0%5D=FUR70SVNrTqspKtnvMj
ntspNa ,Uf;Fk; KjpNahu; rdj;njhifapy; ngUk;ghyhNdhupd; nghUshjhu ghjpg;Gfs; BfDynKLg6GMW6vFrV2yP7sbqgTEBV4vGsuUMWdiS64bryCHNCO
jpl;lk; kw;Wk; khw;whw;wy; epiy fhuzkhf Vw;gLk; Ntiy ,og;gpd;NghJ epjp cjtp OPhLPdIj8-rlfAA2A.v9j2pIu8n9UxuqqIU9o-mU6UcldQusgMb8LMs
mjpfupg;gJld;> mtu;fs; FLk;gq;fspy; jq;fpthOk; epiy mjpfupf;fpd;wJ. 3OdzwO7htikWEgor4LzZVb6cUOlR8u-3okhcRAMOO2ZzwXc9Q&_
toq;Fk; epue;ju khw;whw;wy; epiyj; jpl;lj;jhy; ghJfhf;fg;gLfpd;whu;fs;. sg%5B1%5D=6ZxkO7W-RRVOoAkqKmAmMp5Qo-Fou-0-zXuN9K-
YYBL5gQcIAEqQhn-4UXDdt4-Rq7F7IE9CJKQf6CEbSLpMyOIAWSh
5UlXaPlvWuI2Pr_dp.v9j2pIu8n9UxuqqIU9o-mU6UcldQusgMb8LMs
3OdzwO7htikWEgor4LzZVb6cUOlR8u-3okhcRAMOO2ZzwXc9Q&_
mf;u`huf; fhg;GWjpahdJ Xa;T+jpak; ngWk; mur Copau;fSf;Ff; fpilf;Fk;. iepl=.
74. Ibid
,jpy; &.600>000 tiuapyhd khw;whw;wy; cilNahu; fhg;GWjpAk; mlq;Fk;. ,yq;if
ntspehl;L Ntiy tha;g;Gg; gzpafk; (SLBFE) 18-65 taJila kw;Wk; SLBFE ,y;
gjpTnra;ag;gl;l ,yq;ifg; Gyk;ngau; njhopyhsu;fSf;fhd fhg;GWjpj; jpl;lj;ij
toq;Ffpd;wJ. gjpTf; fl;lzj;jpy; ,Ue;J jtidf; fl;lzq;fs; fopf;fg;gLfpd;wd.
(Jd;GWj;jy;> Neha;> tpgj;J Nghd;wtw;wpd; fhuzkhf) ehL jpUk;Gjy;> ntspehl;by;
gzpGupAk; NghJ kuzj;ijj; jOTjy; kw;Wk; ,yq;iff;F te;J %d;W khjq;fSf;Fs;
kuzj;ijr; re;jpj;jy; kw;Wk; epue;ju my;yJ gFjpasT khw;whw;wy; Nghd;wtw;wpd;NghJ
mD$yq;fs; toq;fg;gLk;. SPPS jpl;lkhdJ KO my;yJ gFjpasT khw;whw;wy; epiy
Vw;gl;lhy; khw;whw;wy; epiy mD$yq;fis toq;Ffpd;wJ.

fz;Lgpbg;Gfs;
Kiwrhuhj; Jiw Copau;fSf;fhdJ 9. rpW Njapiy mgptpUj;jp mjpfhu rigapdhy; toq;fg;gLk; rpW Njapiy tptrhapfs; 75. Ashani Abayasekara, “Pension Coverage in Sri Lanka” (The 14th
Pension Experts Meeting, Seoul, Korea, June 13, 2019), https://ips.lk/
njhopyhsu; gilapy; Rkhu; 60 rjtPjkhd gzpahsu;fs; Kiwrhuhj; Jiwapy; kw;Wk; mjidr; rhu;e;j Copau;fSf;fhd uz;jY Xa;T+jpaj; jpl;lk; wp-content/uploads/2019/06/PPT_Pensions-in-SL1_FINAL_AA.pdf.
gzpGupe;jhYk;> Kiwrhuhj; Jiw njhopyhsu;fSf;fhd r%f ghJfhg;Gj; jpl;lq;fspd; 10. ifj;jwp nerT mikr;rpdhy;; toq;fg;gLk; ifahy; ,af;fg;gLk; ,ae;jpuq;fspd; 76. Ibid
gutiyf; FiwthfNt fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. rpy jd;dhu;tg; gq;fspg;G Xa;T+jpak; kw;Wk; Jzp nerthsu;fSf;fhd ud;rY Xa;T+jpaj; jpl;lk;
77. “Budget Speech- 2022,” 26, accessed March 7, 2022, https://www.
treasury.gov.lk/api/file/91c69189-9b2f-4ab2-8e90-53213a60cddd.
fhg;GWjpj; jpl;lq;fs; Kiwrhuhj; Jiwj; njhopyhsu;fspd; Fwpg;gpl;l FOf;fSf;Nf
11. ghuk;gupa ifj;njhopy; kw;Wk; rpWnjhopy; Kaw;rpfs; mgptpUj;jp mikr;rpdhy;
fpilf;fpd;wd.75 ,it:
toq;fg;gLk; fpj;Jy; cw;gj;jpfspy; <Lgl;Ls;stu;fSf;fhd uz;jpa Xa;T+jpaj; jpl;lk;
1. tptrha kw;Wk; fkeyf; fhg;GWjpr; rig (AAIB) toq;Fk; tptrhapfspd; Xa;T+jpak;
kw;Wk; r%fg; ghJfhg;G eyj; jpl;lk; (FMPS)
,Ug;gpDk;> ,j;jpl;lq;fs; Fiwe;j gunty;iy> nray;epiyaw;w mq;fj;Jtk;>
2. flw;nwhopy; mikr;rpdhy; toq;fg;gLk; kPdtu; Xa;T+jpak; kw;Wk; r%fg; ghJfhg;G
Fiwe;j mstpyhd mD$yq;fs;> mjpf epu;thfr; nryTfs; kw;Wk; gytPdkhd epjp
eyj;jpl;lk; (FSHPS)
epiyNgw;Wj;jd;ik Nghd;w gy gpur;rpidfshy; ghjpf;fg;gLtJld; ,tw;iwf; Fiwthd
3. epjp kw;Wk; jpl;lkply; mikr;rpdhy;; toq;fg;gLk; Vida Copau;fSf;fhd nraw;wpwd; nfhz;l Xa;T+jpa mD$yj; jpl;lq;fshf khw;Wfpd;wd.76 UCW ,y;
Xa;T+jpak; kw;Wk; r%fg; ghJfhg;G eyj; jpl;lq;fs;. <Lgl;Ls;s Kiwrhuhj; Jiwj; njhopyhsu;fs; kw;Wk; ngz;fspy; fzprkhd gFjpapdu;
4. 1999,d; r%fg; ghJfhg;G rig(jpUj;jr;) rl;lk; ,y. 33,d; fPo; mur Xa;T+jpaj;ijg; gzk;rhu; eyj; jpl;lq;fspy; ,Ue;J ngUkstpy; ntspNawpAs;sdu;. NkYk; mtu;fspd;
ngw;Wf; nfhs;sj; jFjpaw;w Ranjhopyhsu;fSf;fhd Xa;T+jpaj; jpl;lk; (SPPS) nghUshjhu Vo;ik epiy kw;Wk; cjtp kw;Wk; guhkupg;gpw;fhf tpupe;j FLk;gj;ijj;
(RuFk). jq;fpapUg;gjw;fhd mtu;fspd; ghjpg;G epiyia mjpfupf;fpd;wJ. jw;NghJ Xa;T+jpak;
5. fiyQu;fSf;fhd rutjp Xa;T+jpaj; jpl;lk; ltu;-`hy; kd;wk; kw;Wk; fyhrhu ngwhj %j;j Fbkf;fSf;fhd gq;fspg;G Xa;T+jpaj; jpl;lj;ij epWt epjp mikr;ru; jdJ
mYty;fs; jpizf;fsj;jhy; toq;fg;gLfpwJ. tuT nryTj; jpl;l ciu- 2022 ,y; Kd;nkhope;jhu;. jw;NghJ Xa;T+jpak; ngwhj %j;j
Fbkf;fSf;fhd gq;fspg;G Xa;T+jpa jpl;lnkhd;iw ];jhgpg;gjw;fhd Nahridia epjp
6. MAu;Ntjj; jpizf;fsj;jpdhy; toq;fg;gLk; MAu;Ntj itj;jpau;fSf;fhd
mikr;ru; jdJ tTnryTj;jpl;l ciu- 2022 ,y; Kd;nkhope;jhu;.77
n`yntj nuftuz Xa;T+jpaj; jpl;lk;
7. Njrpa mUq;fiyfs; Nguitapdhy; toq;fg;gLk; ifg;gzpahsu;fSf;fhd rpg;rtpu
Xa;T+jpaj; jpl;lk;
8. fpuhkpa ifj;njhopy; kw;Wk; Ranjhopy; Nkk;ghl;L mikr;rpdhy; fpuhkpa
ifj;njhopy;fSf;F toq;fg;gLk; fk;jpupa Xa;T+jpaj; jpl;lk;

fz;Lgpbg;Gfs;
iwe;j tUkhdk; <l;Lk; FLk;gq;fspy; ,Ue;J KjpNahu; kw;Wk; PWD

F Fiwe;j mstpyhd fy;tpawpT kw;Wk; ngUe;Njhl;lq;fspd; Gtpapay; miktplk; Nghd;w 78. Note 20, 10
f;fhd tUkhdg; gupkhw;wk; fhuzq;fshy; ngUe;Njhl;lj; Jiwapy; cs;s PWDfs; mD$yq;fis mZFtjpy;iy. 79. Note 46
COVID-19 njhw;WNeha; Klf;fepiy fhyq;fspy; PWDfs; jq;fs; r%fg; ghJfhg;Gf; 80. Note 48, 24
tWikahy; ghjpf;fg;gl;l KjpNahu;fSf;fhd tUkhdg;; gwpkhw;Wj;
nfhLg;gdTfisg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;Sk;NghJ mjpfhupfis mZFtjpy; rpukq;fis 81. “List of Elders Homes,” accessed March 7, 2022, file:///C:/Users/
jpl;lj;jpd; fPo;> tUkhdk; ,y;yhj 70 taJ my;yJ mjw;F Nkw;gl;l taJilatu;fs; User/AppData/Local/Temp/Elder%20homes%202021.pdf.
vjpu;nfhz;ldu;.79
KjpNahu;fSf;fhd Njrpa nrayfj;jpy; (NSE) ,Ue;J &.2000{¡ ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjw;fhd
cupikAz;L. NSE,d; Rw;W epUg ,y. NSE/EL/01/2018 MdJ ,Jnjhlu;Gila
nrad;Kiw kw;Wk; jFjpfhz; msTNfhy;fis xOq;FgLj;Jfpd;wJ. Kjd;ikg; jdpahu; Xa;T+jpak; kw;Wk; fhg;GWjpj; jpl;lk;
ngWeupd; ,wg;Gf;Fg; gpwF 70 kw;Wk; mjw;F Nkw;gl;l taJila ngWeu;fspd; xU gpuhe;jpa Ma;thdJ> ,yq;if cl;gl njw;fhrpag; gpuhe;jpaj;jpy; jd;dhu;t Rfhjhu
tho;f;ifj; Jiztu;fs; ,t;tUkhdj;ijg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjw;fhd cupikiag; fhg;GWjp kw;Wk; Vida jdpahu; %y Rfhjhu nrytpdq;fs; gutyhff; fhzg;gLtjpy;iy
ngWthu;fs;. khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;fSf;fhd Njrpa nrayfk; (NSPD) khjhe;jf; vdf; fz;lwpe;Js;sJ.80 jdpahu; cilik Kfhikj;Jt epWtdq;fs; kw;Wk; fhg;GWjp
nfhLg;gdthf &.3000{¡I khw;whw;wy; nfhz;l jho;e;j tUkhdk; <l;Lk; toq;Feu;fs; rfy tUkhd kl;lj;jpdUf;Fk; gy;NtW jd;dhu;tg; gq;fspg;G Xa;T+jpa
FLk;gq;fSf;Ftoq;Ffpd;wJ. tuT nryTj; jpl;lf; fl;Lg;ghLfs; fhuzkhff; kw;Wk; fhg;GWjpj; jpl;lq;fis toq;Ffpd;wdu;. vdpDk;> ,it ngUk;ghYk; eLj;ju
Fiwe;jstpyhd jFjptha;e;j egu;fis cs;thq;fpapUg;gJ ,j;jpl;lj;jpd; Kf;fpa kw;Wk; cau;-eLj;ju tUkhdk; nfhz;l FLk;gq;fspd; cWg;gpdu;fshy; kl;LNk
FiwghlhFk;. NkYk;> “ntb`pbMtuz NfgfU” jpl;lj;jpd; fPo; Mjutw;w Kjpatu;fs; ehlg;gLfpd;wd. Fiwe;j eLj;ju tUkhdk; nfhz;l FLk;gq;fs; kw;Wk; Viofs; ,tw;iw
xU mDruizahsuplkpUe;J khjhe;jk; &.500.00I ngw;Wf;nfhs;s KbAk;. ve;jnthU mZFtjpy;iy.
FbapUg;ghsUk;> epWtdKk; my;yJ fk;gdpAk; mDruizahsuhf tpsq;fyhk;.
,t;mD$yq;fis mZFtjpy; gy jilfs; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. ,j;jpl;lq;fspd; %yk;
fpilf;Fk; gzk;rhu; mD$yq;fspd; gw;whf;Fiw gpujhd ftiyf;Fupa tplakhFk;. gy KjpNahu; ,y;yq;fs; kw;Wk; PWD guhkupg;G ,y;yq;fs;
r%fg; ghJfhg;Gj; jpl;lq;fspd; fPo; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk; gzg; gupkhw;wq;fs; jdpegu;fspd;
mbg;gilj; Njitfisf; $lg; G+u;j;jp nra;J nfhs;sg; NghJkhdjhff; fhzg;gLtjpy;iy. ,yq;ifapy; Ntfkhf %g;GwyilAk; rdj;njhifahdJ KjpNahu; guhkupg;G
jw;NghJ>tuTnryTj; jpl;lr; rpf;fy;fs; fhuzkhf> Xa;T+jpa mD$yj;jpd; tpfpjhrhu NritfSf;fhd Nfs;tpia mjpfupj;Js;sJ. KjpNahu; cupikfs; ghJfhg;Gr; rl;lk;
kw;Wk; gfpu;e;jspg;Gf;F toptFf;Fk; tifapy;> cjtp NfhUk; jFjpAs;s KjpNahu; kw;Wk; kw;Wk; 2011Mk; Mz;bd; jpUj;jj;jpd; gpufhuk; midj;J KjpNahu; guhkupg;Gr; Nrit
PWDrdj;njhiffspy; xU gpuptpdUf;F khj;jpuNk cjtp toq;fg;gLfpd;wJ. ,t; toq;Feu;fSk; Njrpa KjpNahu; fTd;rpypy; gjpT nra;ag;gly; fl;lhakhFk;. khfhz r%f
mD$yq;fisg;; ngWtjpy; PWD ,w;;fhd tpz;zg;gr; nrad;Kiwr; rpf;fyhdJ kw;Wk; Nritfs; jpizf;fsq;fs; ,e;j ,y;yq;fspd; Nkw;ghu;it> tifg;gLj;jy; kw;Wk; kjpg;gPL
cupik NfhUgtu;fs; murhq;fj;jpd; gy gbKiwfspy; jq;fpapUf;f Ntz;ba mNjNtis Mfpatw;iw Nkw;nfhs;fpd;wd. jw;rkak; nkhj;jk; 34981 KjpNahu; ,y;yq;fs; khfhz
,j;Nju;Tr; nrad;Kiw murpay; MjuT kw;Wk; ghFghLfspy; rpf;fpf; nfhs;fpd;wJ.78 r%f Nritfs; jpizf;fsj;jhy; fz;fhzpf;fg;gLfpd;wJld; mtw;wpy; ngUk;ghyhdit
gpujhdkhf rpq;fs nkhop NgRk; mjpfhu epiyia top elj;Jtjpy; cs;s rpukq;fs;>

fz;Lgpbg;Gfs;
ru;Nthjah kw;Wk; n`y;g; V[; Nghd;w mur rhu;gw;w epWtdq;fs; my;yJ jdpahu; nranyy;iy kw;Wk; mjpf jhq;Fikia cWjpnra;tJ Kf;fpakhdjhFk;. 82. Note 81
epWtdq;fshy; epu;tfpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.82 jdpegu;fs; my;yJ jdpahu; fk;gdpfshy; eilKiwf;fpad;w khw;wPlhf tPl;bNyNa guhkupg;G toq;Ftjw;fhd KjpNahu; guhkupg;G 83. Note 18, 31
elhj;jg;gLk; fl;lzk; mwtpLk; rpy KjpNahu; ,y;yq;fSk; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. ,y;yq;fisg; gw;wp r%fj;jpy; xU kdg;ghq;Fg;ngau;r;rp mtrpakhFk;. xUNtis 84. Ibid, 27
nfhs;ifj; jpUj;jq;fs; %yk; ,jw;F cjtpahf ,Uf;fyhk;. 85. Ibid, 32
86. See “Caring of Mentally Retarded Persons,” Department

gy jdpahu; kw;Wk; mur epWtdq;fs; xU fl;lzj;jpw;fhf KjpNahu;fSf;fhd tPl;L of Social Services, accessed March 7, 2022, https://
www.socialservices.gov.lk/web/index.php?option=com_
mbg;gilapyhd nrtpypa Nritia toq;Ffpd;wd. 2006 Mk; Mz;bd; 21 Mk; ,yq;ifapy; PWDw;fhd ngUk;ghyhd guhkupg;G ,y;yq;fs; jd;dhu;t mbg;gilapNyNa content&view=article&id=25&Itemid=134&lang=en.
,yf;f jdpahu; kUj;Jt epWtdq;fspd; (gjpT) rl;lk; kw;Wk; 22 gq;Fdp 2007 ,d; elhj;jg;gLfpd;wd. Xuq;fl;lg;gl;l kw;Wk; nghUshjhu uPjpahfg; gpd;jq;fpa
,y. 1489/18mjptpNrl tu;j;jkhdpapd; gpufhuk; ,r;Nrit toq;Feu;fs; jdpahu; gpd;dzpapidf; nfhz;lPWD,w;fhf g;uPjpGu r%fq;fs;> jah epthr> re;jPgdp
kUj;Jt epWtdkhf khfhz Rfhjhu Nritfs; gzpg;ghsu; %yk; jdpahu; Rfhjhuj; N`hk; Nghd;w murrhu;gw;w epWtdq;fs; guhkupg;G ,y;yq;fis topelj;Jfpd;wd.
Jiw xOq;FgLj;Jk; rigapy; (PHSRC) tUlhe;jk; gjpT nra;jy; Ntz;Lk;.83 Nrit ,e;epWtdq;fs; khfhz r%f Nritfs; jpizf;fsq;fspy; gjpT nra;ag;gly; Ntz;Lk;.
toq;Feu;fs;PHSRC toq;Fk; topfhl;ly;fspd; gpufhuk; nraw;gl Ntz;baJld; PWD,w;fhd midj;Jg; guhkupg;G ,y;yq;fspd; Nkw;ghu;it> tifg;gLj;jy; kw;Wk;
topfhl;ly;fSf;F ,zq;fhj ve;jnthU Nrit toq;FeiuAk; epWj;jp itg;gjw;fhd kjpg;gPL Mfpait NkNy Fwpg;gpl;l jpizf;fsq;fspd; nghWg;ghFk;. ,t;,y;yq;fs;
mjpfhuk; toq;;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,yq;ifapy; Rkhu; 25 tPl;L nrtpypag; guhkupg;G cjtprhu; ed;nfhilfis ek;gpapUg;gJld; ngUk;ghYk; ,t;,lq;fspd; guhkupg;Gr;
Nrit toq;Feu;fs; nraw;gLtJld;> njhopw;Jiwiaf; fz;fhzpj;jy; kw;Wk; nryTfisf; $l <Lfl;Ltjw;Fg; NghJkhdjhf miktjpy;iy. r%f Nritfs;
xOq;FgLj;Jtjpy; fhzg;gLk; FiwghLfs; fhuzkhf ,tw;wpd; rupahd vz;zpf;if jpizf;fsk; ngw;Nwhu; my;yJ ghJfhtyu;fs; ,y;yhj Ma;twpjpwd; FiwghLs;s
njupatpy;iy. mtu;fspd; Nritfs; nghJthff; Fiwe;j tUkhdk; nfhz;l rpWtu;fSf;fhd xU ciwtplj;ijg; gupghypf;fpd;wJ. czT kw;Wk; kUj;Jt trjpfisf;
FLk;gq;fshy; Rkf;f Kbahj epiy fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.84 nfhz;l jq;Fkpl trjpfs; ,ytrkhf toq;fg;gLfpd;wd.86 NSPDMdJ fLikahd
NjitAilatu;fSf;fhf tpf;Nlhupah ,y;yj;ij elhj;Jfpd;wJ. ,t;,y;yq;fspd;
guhkupg;Gf;fhf xJf;fg;gLfpd;w mur epjp NghJkhdjhf ,y;yhjjd; fhuzkhf
jq;Fkpl trjpAs;s ,y;yq;fs; kw;Wk; KjpNahu;fSf;fhd tPl;Lr; nrtpypag;
mjpfhupfs; ,t;,lq;fis epiy epWj;Jtjw;fhd ed;nfhilfspy; jq;fpAs;sdu;. epjpg;
guhkupg;G Nritfspd; tpidj;jpwdw;w gjpT kw;Wk; fz;fhzpg;Gr; nrad;Kiwia
gw;whf;FiwahdJ toq;fg;gLfpd;w Nritfspd; juj;ij kw;Wk; mjd; fhuzkhf
eptu;j;jp nra;tjw;fhd Gjpa xOq;FgLj;jy; tpjpKiwfs; tiuT nra;ag;gLtJ
FbapUg;ghsu;fspd; tho;f;ifj; juj;ijAk; ghjpf;fpd;wJ.
mtjhdpf;fg;gLfpwJ.85 ,t; midj;J trjpfspd; juk; kw;Wk; MSifia Nkk;gLj;Jk;
mNjNeuk; KjpNahu; FbapUg;ghsu;fspd; tho;f;ifj; juj;ij Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;Fk;>
FLk;gj;jpy; jq;fpapUg;gijf; Fiwg;gjw;Fk;> ,r;Nritfis mZFtjpy; gue;j

fz;Lgpbg;Gfs;
KjpNahu;fs; kw;Wk; PWDf;fhd Vida Nritfs; nranyy;iy kw;Wk; nraw;wpwd; njsptw;wjhf tpsq;Ffpd;wd. Gw;WNeha;> rpWePuf 87. Note 18, 19
Neha; kw;Wk; ,Uja Neha;fshy; mtjpAWk; Fiwe;j tUkhdq; nfhz;l FLk;gq;fisr; 88. Ibid, 26
mur kw;Wk; mur rhuh epWtdq;fshy; toq;fg;gLk; gy;NtW tpjkhd Nritfs; Nru;e;j Kjpatu;fSf;F &.25>000{¡ epjp cjtp toq;Fk; “MNuhf;ah” kUj;Jt cjtpj; 89. See “Sri Lankadhara Society - The Elders Day Care Centre,”
accessed March 7, 2022, https://srilankadhara.org/inner_pages/
KjpNahUf;F ntt;NtW kl;lj;jpyhd rhjfk; kw;Wk; nraw;wpwDld; fpilf;fpd;wd. jpl;lk; kw;Wk; gjpT nra;ag;gl;l KjpNahu; ,y;yq;fspy; trpg;gtu;fSf;F mWit rpfpr;ir elders_day_care_centre.html.
NSEMy; toq;fg;gLk; KjpNahu;fSf;fhd milahs ml;ilfis kw;Wk; itj;jparhiy mDkjpr; nryTfis <Lfl;Ltjw;fhd epjpAjtp toq;Fk; 90. See “Services and Projects provided by the Department,”
Department of Social Service- Western Province, accessed March
itj;jpUg;gtu;fSf;F mur kw;Wk; jdpahu; Jiw Nritfspy; Kd;Dupik “Rtr`d” KjpNahu; Neha;j; jpl;lk; Nghd;w Rfhjhuj; jpl;lq;fSf;Fk; NSE cjTfpwJ. 7, 2022, http://ssd.wp.gov.lk/en/?page_id=828., “Services for
the Disabled,” The Department Of Social Welfare, Probation and
toq;fg;gLtJld;> epiyahd itg;GfSf;Ff; $Ljy; tl;b kw;Wk; kUe;J tiffSf;fhd jFjpfhz; msTNfhy;fisg; G+u;j;jp nra;gtu;fs; ,j;jpl;lq;fSf;F tpz;zg;gpf;f Child Care Service Affairs, accessed March 7, 2022, http://www.
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js;Sgbfs; Mfpatw;iwAk; toq;Ffpd;wJ. ,Ug;gpDk;> ngUk;ghYk; milahs Ntz;baJld; tuTnryTj; jpl;l xJf;fPLfshy; mDkjpf;fg;gLk; mstpw;F khj;jpuNk disabled.html.
ml;ilf;F vt;tpj mq;fPfhuKk; toq;fg;gLtjpy;iy my;yJ ml;il itj;jpUg;gjd; cjtp toq;fg;gLk;> ,jdhy; cjtp Njitg;gLk; gyUf;F cjtp fpilf;fhky; Nghfpd;wJ. 91. Note 18, 24
jd;ikapdhy; Kjpatu;fSf;F vt;tpj rYiffSk; my;yJ mD$yq;fSk; khfhz r%f Nritfs; jpizf;fsq;fSk;; kUj;Jt kw;Wk; rj;jpurpfpr;ir cjtpfis90 92. See examples “Free Eye Check-Up Camp - Gift of Vision by JKF
and CCS,” Elephant House, accessed March 7, 2022, https://
toq;fg;gLtjpy;iy vd;W rhd;Wfs; njuptpf;fpd;wd.87 murhq;f epWtdq;fs; kw;Wk; toq;Ffpd;wd> ,it NkNy cs;s mNj tuk;GfSf;F cs;shfpd;wd. NkYk;> Rfhjhu www.elephanthouse.lk/corporate/sustainability/community-
development/health.html., “Suwanetha - The Only Dedicated Eye
,yhg Nehf;fw;w epWtdq;fshy; elhj;jg;gLk; KjpNahu;fSf;fhd gfy;Neug; kUj;Jt mjpfhupapd; gpuNjr mYtyfq;fs; jq;fs; gFjpapy; KjpNahu; mZff;$ba Hospital in Sri Lanka,” Suwanetha Eye Hospital, accessed March
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93. Ministry of Health, “Vision 2020 Sri Lanka the Right to Sight National
nraw;ghLfspy; <LgLtjw;fhd xU jsj;ij toq;FfpwJ. jw;NghJ> NSEMdJ epWtdq;fs; jq;fs; $l;lhz;ik r%fg; nghWg;G (CSR) myFfs; kw;Wk; ,yhg Programme for Prevention of Blindness Sri Lanka- Comprehensive
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Njrpa mstpy; 662 gfy;Neug; guhkupg;G ikaq;fis khfhz r%f Nritfs; Nehf;fw;w epWtdq;fs; %yk; gunty;iyfz; Kfhk;fs; kw;Wk; fz;Giu https://www.iapb.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/Sri-Lanka-
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tiu epjp cjtp toq;FfpwJ.88 n`y;g; V[; rpwpyq;fh> rpwpyq;fhju r%fk; kw;Wk; mbg;gilapy; elhj;Jfpd;wd.92 nghJ kUj;Jtkidfspy; fz; rpfpr;irf;fhd kUe;Jfs;
Vida mur rhu;gw;w epWtdq;fSk; gfy;Neug; guhkupg;G epiyaq;fSf;F cjtp ,ytrkhff; fpilf;fpd;w NghjpYk; mjpAau;thd kw;Wk; tpiyAau;e;j kUe;Jfs;
toq;Ffpd;wd. ngUk;ghYk; ,r;Nritfisg; ngWk; Kjpatu;fs; nghUshjhu uPjpahfg; Fiwe;j ifapUg;gpy; kl;LNk fpilf;fpd;wd. MfNt> fz; rpfpr;ir Njitg;gLk;
gpd;jq;fpa FOf;fisr; Nru;e;jtu;fshff; fhzg;gLfpd;wdu;. rpwpyq;fhju r%fk; KjpNahu; mWit rpfpr;ir kw;Wk; kUe;Jr; nrytpdq;fSf;fhf ed;nfhilahsu;fisNa
Nghd;w rpy epWtdq;fs;> KjpNahu;fs; jq;fsJ ,lj;jpw;fhd Nghf;Ftuj;J kw;Wk; ek;gpapUf;f Ntz;bAs;sJ.93 Nghjhik> KjpNahu; Nea mZfy; kw;Wk; juk; Mfpait
kUj;Jt nrytpdq;fSf;fhd nfhLg;gdit toq;Ffpd;wd. ,J mj;jifa guhkupg;G ,r;Nritfs; midj;jpYk; fhzg;gLk; nghJthd rthy;fshFk;> ,J Kjpatu;fs;
trjpfis mZFtjpy; fhzg;gLk; ,ilntspiaf; Fiwf;fpd;wJ.89 NkYk;>NSE Rje;jpukhd tho;f;ifiaf; nfhz;L nry;tjw;fhd KOikahd kw;Wk; jhq;FikAs;s
,d; topfhl;Ljypd; fPo; gpuNjr kl;lj;jpyhd KjpNahu; FOf;fs; KjpNahu;fspd; guhkupg;gpd; Vw;ghLfspd; mtrpaj;ij vLj;Jf;fhl;Lfpd;wJ. ,t;thwhd Vw;ghL
Nrit mZfiy ,yFgLj;Jtjw;Fk;> nfhs;ifahf;fj;jpy; mtu;fsJ fUj;Jfisg; Kjpatu;fspd; FLk;gq;fs; kPJ Rkj;jg;gLk; guhkupg;gpd; Rikiaf; Fiwg;gJld; ngz;
gupe;Jiug;gjw;Fk; cUthf;fg;gLfpd;wd. ,e;epiyaq;fs; kw;Wk; FOf;fspd; guhkupg;ghsu;fspd; njhopyhsu; gilg; gq;Nfw;gpid ,aYikg;gLj;Jfpd;wJ.

fz;Lgpbg;Gfs;
,t; ,y;yq;fspd; guhkupg;Gf;fhf xJf;fg;gLfpd;w NkYk;> Rfhjhu mikr;R kw;Wk; rpy mur rhu;gw;w epWtdq;fs; KjpNahu; kw;Wk; 94. Note 18, 26
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mjpfhupfs; ,t;,lq;fis epiyepWj;Jtjw;fhd jq;fs; gFjpapy; trpf;Fk; Kjpatu;fisg; ghu;itaplr; nrd;W fz;fhzpf;fj; Njitahd
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ed;nfhilfspy; jq;fpAs;sdu;. epjpg; gapw;rpfisj; njhz;lu;fSf;F toq;Ffpd;wJ. ,jd; tpisthf mtu;fs; guhkupg;Gj;
Njitg;gLk; KjpNahu;fs; gw;wpa jftiy mg;gFjpapy; cs;s Rfhjhu kUj;Jt mjpfhup
gw;whf;FiwahdJ toq;fg;gLfpd;w mYtyfj;jpw;F toq;FtNjhL> tajhd xUtUf;F cjtp rhjdk; Njitg;gl;lhy;
n`y;g; V[; rpwpyq;fhitj; njhlu;G nfhs;thu;fs;.94 mikr;rhdJ ehl;by; gue;J
Nritfspd; juj;ij kw;Wk; mjd; fhuzkhf fhzg;gLk; mur kUj;JtkidfSld; ,ize;J gy Gdu;tho;T epiyaq;fis
FbapUg;ghsu;fspd; tho;f;ifj; juj;ijAk; itj;jpUf;fpd;wJ. ngUk;ghyhd epiyaq;fs; cseyg; Gdu;tho;Tg; gpupTfshff;
fhzg;gLk; mNjNtis uhfktpy; cs;s Klf;F thj kw;Wk; Gdu;tho;T kUj;Jtkid
ghjpf;fpd;wJ. ehL KOtJk; cs;s mur kUj;Jtkidfspy; ,Ue;J gupe;Jiuf;fg;gLk; NehahspfSf;F
Gdu;tho;Tr; Nritfis toq;Ffpd;wJ. Gs;sp tpguq;fspd; mbg;gilapy;> Gdu;tho;Tr;
NritfshdJ> vy;iyg; Gwq;fspy; cs;s Nkhrkhd mZfy;epiy> kdpj kw;Wk; epjp
tsf; fl;Lg;ghLfs; kw;Wk; Nkhrkhd gpd;njhlu;; guhkupg;G cs;spl;l gy FiwghLfshy;
mtjpAWtJld;> ,J Nehahsu;fspd; tpisT kpf;f Gdu;tho;itg; ghjpf;fpd;wJ.95
khw;whw;wy; cs;s gps;isfSf;fhd tho;tspg;Gj; jpl;lq;fs; ,y;yhjJ xU ghupa
gpur;rpidahff; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. Vnddpy; Muk;gepiyj; jiyaPLfs; ,d;ikahy;
tpNrlNjit epiyapd; jPtpuk; mjpfupg;gJld; kw;Wk; fhyk; nry;yr;nry;y ,uz;lhk; epiy
khw;whw;wYf;Fk; toptFf;fyhk;.96
r%f Nritfs; jpizf;fsj;jpd; r%f kl;lg; Gdu;tho;Tj; jpl;lk; kw;Wk; NSPD

Mfpait Fiwe;j tUkhdq; nfhz;l Kjpatu;fs; kw;Wk; PWD,w;Fg; gytpjkhd
cjtpr; rhjdq;fis toq;Ffpd;wd. KjpNahu; kw;Wk; khw;whw;wy; cjtpr; rhjdq;fis
toq;FtJ mtu;fsJ md;whl tho;it Rje;jpukhf mDgtpf;fTk;> tho;f;ifj; juj;ij
Nkk;gLj;jTk; cjtpahf miktJld;> mjd; %yk; FLk;gj;jpd; kPjhd guhkupg;Gr; RikAk;
FiwtilAk;. ,Ug;gpDk;;> ngUk;ghYk; cjtpr; rhjdq;fs; xg;gPl;lstpy; tpiykpf;fjhf

fz;Lgpbg;Gfs;
,Ug;gJ> gy egu;fSf;F> eLj;ju tUkhdk; nfhz;ltu;fisf; $l mtw;iwf; nfhs;tdT ];jhgpf;fg;gl;l ,yq;ifj; njhopy; toq;Feu; rk;Nksdj;jpd; gpuj;jpNafg; gapw;rp 97. Note 18, 29
nra;tjhdJ <Lfl;l Kbahj epiyikf;Fj; js;spAs;sJ.97 jpizf;fsj;jpdhy; kw;Wk; khw;whw;wy; ts epiyak; Nghd;w jpwd; gapw;rp trjpfisj; jdpahu; JiwAk; 98. Note 20, 8
toq;fg;gLk; rhjdq;fs; tiuaWf;fg;gl;l mstpy; tpepNahfpf;fg;gLfpd;wikahy; gy toq;Ffpd;wJ.100 rpy jdpahu; Jiwg; gapw;rp tha;g;Gfs; fl;lzk; mwtpLfpd;wikahy;> epjp 99. See http://menhandy.org/about.html, http://www.rccisl.org/About-Us.
html, https://chitralane.lk/
jFjpahd egu;fSf;Fj; Njitahd cjtp fpl;lhky; Ngha;tpLfpd;wJ. uPjpahd Kl;Lf;fl;ilfs; PWDf;fhd mZfy;rhu; jilia cUthf;Ffpd;wd.
100. “Disability Resource Centre – The Employers’ Federation of Ceylon,”
The Employers Federation of Ceylon, accessed March 7, 2022,
https://employers.lk/disability-resource-centre/.
16 Kjy; 35 taJila jpUkzkhfhj khw;whw;wy; cilNahUf;F Neubg; gq;fPl;L NSPD MdJ Fiwe;j tUkhdq; nfhz;l FLk;gq;fisr; Nru;e;j khw;whw;wy; 101. Note 57, 5
Vw;ghLfs;> cl;fl;likg;G trjpfs;> jpwd; Nkk;ghL kw;Wk; njhopw;gapw;rp> tho;thjhu cilNahUf;fhd Ranjhopy; tha;g;G cjtpj; jpl;lj;ijr; nraw;gLj;JfpwJ. 102. “Services for Persons with Disablilities,” State Ministry of Samurdhi,
Household economy, Micro finance, Self -Employment business
mgptpUj;jp kw;Wk; NritfSf;fhd rpwe;j mZfy; Nghd;w gy Nritfis Nju;e;njLf;fg;gl;l gadhspfSf;F mjpfgl;rkhf &.25>000w;F cl;gl;l epjpAjtp development, accessed March 7, 2022, http://stateminsamurdhi.gov.
lk/web/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=30&Itemid
Nkw;Fwpg;gpl;l jpl;lk; toq;Ffpd;wJ. vdpDk;> jpwd; Nkk;ghl;Lj; jpl;lq;fspd; toq;fg;gLfpwJ. gpujhdkhf> tiuaWf;fg;gl;l re;ij tha;g;Gfs;> tq;fpfs; my;yJ =151&lang=en#payment-of-rs-5-000-00.
juk;> mq;fPfhuk; kw;Wk; ,Ug;G Mfpait jw;Nghija re;ijf; Nfs;tpfisg; Ez;epjpf; fld; jpl;lq;fspy; ,Ue;J epjp trjpfisg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjpy; cs;s rpukq;fs; 103. Notes 20 and 21
104. http://stateminsamurdhi.gov.lk/web/index.php?option=com_co
gpujpgypf;fhikapdhYk; kw;Wk; midj;J PWD,w;Fk;; mZff;$ba Kiwapy; kw;Wk; NghjpasT gapw;rp ,y;yhik fhuzkhff; Fwpg;ghf mur kw;Wk; mur rhu;gw;w ntent&view=article&id=30&Itemid=151&lang=en#payment-of-
rs-5-000-00
,j;jpl;lq;fs; NghJkhd msT fpilf;fikapdhYk; khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;fspdhy; epWtdq;fs; khw;whw;wy; cila ngz;fSf;F toq;Fk; tof;fkhd Ranjhopy; tha;g;G
Nfs;tpf;Fs;shf;fg;gLfpd;wd. njhopEl;gk; kw;Wk; njhlu;ghly; trjpfs; cjtpfs; ntw;wpAwhj mNjNtis epjp ];jpuj;jd;ik kw;Wk; ghJfhg;ghd Cjpa Ntiy
,d;ikahdJPWDf;fs; ,g;gapw;rpfs; %yk; gadiltjpy; fhzg;gLk; kw;nwhU tha;g;GfisAk; Fiwf;fpd;wJ.101
jilahf cs;sJ. tpjptpyf;fhd gps;isfSf;fhd nkd;`z;b ghlrhiy> njhlu;ghly;
FiwghLs;stu;fSf;fhd Gdu;tho;T epiyak;(RCCI) kw;Wk; tpNrl NjitfSila
NkYk;> gpd;tUk; xU Kiw khj;jpuk; toq;fg;gLk; nfhLg;gdTfs; jFjpngWk;
gps;isfSf;fhd rpj;uh Nyd; ghlrhiy99 Nghd;w ,yhg Nehf;fw;w mu rhu;gw;w
PWDfSf;Ff; fpilf;fpd;wd: Gjpa tPnlhd;iw epu;khzpg;gjw;F &. 250>000>
epWtdq;fs; fy;tp tha;g;GfisAk; kw;Wk; PWDf;fhd njhopw; gapw;rpiaAk;
RanjhopYf;fhf &. 25>000 tiuf;Fk; kw;Wk; mWit rpfpr;ir> kUe;J kw;Wk;
toq;Ffpd;wd. fy;tp epWtdq;fs; fl;lzk; mwtplhj NghjpYk;> tiuaWf;fg;gl;l
Nghf;Ftuj;Jf;F &.20>000 tiuf;Fk;> kw;Wk; fy;tp cjtpahf &.10>000 tiuf;Fk;.102
Gtpapay; uPjpahd Nrit vy;iy kw;Wk; epiyaq;fSf;fhd Nghf;Ftuj;Jr; nryTfis
,Ug;gpDk;> tpNrl Njit cilNahu; cupikfs; mikg;Gfs; %yk; ru;tNjr fz;fhzpg;G
<LnfhLf;Fk; epjp trjpapd;ik Mfpait ngUk;ghyhd jFjpAs;s gps;isfs;
mikg;GfSf;F tof;fkhfr; rku;g;gpf;fg;gLk; rhl;rpaq;fspd; gb> ,Wf;fkhd jFjpfhz;
,e;epWtdq;fis mZFtijj; jLf;fpd;wd. Mifahy;> mtu;fspd; KO Neug;
msTNfhy;fs;> Gtpapay;rhu; nranyy;iyapy; cs;s gpur;rpidfs;> mZfy; rhu;e;j
guhkupg;Gg; ngUk;ghYk; FLk;gj;jpd; nghWg;ghf mikAk; mNjNtis mtu;fspd;
rthy;fs; kw;Wk; nfhLg;gdtpd; gw;whf;Fiw> murpay; MjuT kw;Wk; ghFghL Mfpait
Rje;jpukhd tho;f;ifia ,ayr;nra;Ak; tho;f;ifj; jpwd;fis toq;Fk; fy;tp
,r;Nritfspd; nraw;wpwidf; fLikahfg; ghjpj;Js;sJ.103> 104
tha;g;Gfis mtu;fs; jtwptpLfpd;wdu;. gy;NtW khw;whw;wy; cilatu;fisg;
gapw;Wtpg;gjw;Fk; njhopy; tha;g;gpw;fhd mtu;fSila nfhs;jpwid Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;Fk;

fz;Lgpbg;Gfs;
2.2.3 nghWg;ghd epWtdq;fs; Rfhjhu mikr;R> midj;Jj; Njrpa Rfhjhuk; njhlu;ghd nfhs;iffis mKy;gLj;Jtjw;Fk;> 105. Note 20, 5
Kjpatu;fs; kw;Wk; PWDfs; jq;fs; tho;f;ifj; juj;ij Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;Fk;> jq;fptho;
NCPD kw;Wk; NSPD,w;fhd kj;jpa mikr;rhf rKu;j;jp> tjptplg; nghUshjhuk;> Ez;fld;> epiyiaf; Fiwg;gjw;Fkhd jukhd Rfhjhu mZfiy cWjp nra;tjw;Fk; nghWg;ghf
Ranjhopy; kw;Wk; tpahghu mgptpUj;jp ,uh[hq;f mikr;R fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. PWD> tpsq;Ffpd;wJ. fy;tp mikr;R kw;Wk; cau;fy;tp kw;Wk; neLQ;rhiyfs; mikr;R fy;tp
guhkupg;G toq;Feu;fs; kw;Wk; tpNrl NjitAilNahupd; cupikfSf;fhfg; gupe;J NgRk; njhlu;ghd nfhs;iffis mKy;gLj;Jtjw;Fg; nghWg;ghf tpsq;FtJld; ,J PWDf;fhd
mikg;Gfis cs;slf;fpajhf NCPDI xU RahjPdkhf KbntLf;Fk; epWtdkhf cUthf;Fk; cs;slq;fyhd fy;tp mZfiy ,ayr; nra;fpwJ.
Fwpg;gpl;l Nehf;fq;fs; ,Ue;jNghjpYk;> nfhs;if cUthf;fk; kw;Wk; PWD kw;Wk; tpNrl
NjitAilNahupd; cupikfis Nkk;gLj;Jtjpy; NCPD MdJ tiuaWf;fg;gl;l kw;Wk;
tpidj;jpwdw;w epWtdkhf PWD kw;Wk; Mu;tyu;fshy; fUjg;gLfpwJ.105 NkYk;>ru;tNjr ,yq;if kw;Wk; ru;Nthja rpukjhd ,af;fk; Nghd;w gy mur rhu;gw;w kw;Wk;
jdpahu; Jiw epWtdq;fs;> KjpNahu;fs; kw;Wk;PWDf;F r%f ghJfhg;Gj; jpl;lq;fs; kw;Wk;
Nritfis toq;Ffpd;wd.
NSE kw;Wk; r%f Nritfs; jpizf;fsj;jpw;fhd kj;jpa mikr;rhf Kjd;ikr; Rfhjhu
Nrit> njhw;WNeha; kw;Wk; nfhtpl; Neha; fl;Lg;ghl;L ,uh[hq;f mikr;Rf; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.
jpizf;fskhdJ Kd;du; r%f tYg;gLj;jy; mikr;rpd; fPo; fhzg;gl;lJ.n`y;g; V[; rpwpyq;fh KjpNahu; kw;Wk; PWDf;fhd ghJfhg;G kw;Wk; Nritfis toq;Ftjw;fhd xl;Lnkhj;j
kw;Wk; ru;Nthjah Nghd;w gy mur rhu;gw;w epWtdq;fs; r%f Nritfs; jpizf;fsj;jpd; r%f epWtdf; fl;likg;ghdJ KjpNahu; guhkupg;G kw;Wk; tpNrl Njit epiyf;fhd gy;Jiwrhu;
mbg;gilapyhd Gdu;tho;Tj; jpl;lj;jpw;F cjTtjpy; <Lgl;Ls;sd. mZFKiwf;Fg; gjpyhf xU jd;dpaYf;fhd mZFKiwiag; gpd;gw;Wfpd;wikahy;
ghjpf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. KjpNahu; kw;Wk; PWDf;F Nritfis toq;Ftjw;fhd cs;@u; epu;thf
myFfisf; nfhz;l xU Njrpa xUq;fpizg;Gg; nghwpKiw ,d;ikahdJ Fiwe;jstpyhd
khfhz r%f eyd;> ed;dlj;ij kw;Wk; rpWtu; guhkupg;Gr; Nritfs; jpizf;fsq;fs; KjpNahu; jq;fptho; epiyf;F toptFf;fj; Njitahd Nritfs; kw;Wk; jftYf;fhd mZfiyj;;
,y;yq;fisg; Ngzpg; guhkupj;Jf; fz;fhzpf;fpd;wd. cjtpr; rhjdq;fs;> Ranjhopw; gapw;rp jLf;fpd;wJ. r%fg; ghJfhg;Gj; jpl;lq;fisf; fz;fhzpg;gjw;Fk; Nkhrb kw;Wk; Coiyj;
kw;Wk; epjp kw;Wk; cl;fl;likg;G trjpfs; Nghd;wit %yk; ,j;jpizf;fsq;fs; PWDf;F cjT jLg;gjw;Fk; cWjpahd nghWg;Gf;$wy; nghwpKiwapd;ikahdJ ,j;jpl;lq;fspd; tuk;gPLfis
toq;Ffpd;wd. NkYk; mjpfupf;fpd;wd.
EPF MdJ ,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fpahy; (CBSL) epu;tfpf;fg;gLk; epjpAld; njhopyhsu;

jpizf;fsj;jpdhy; epu;tfpf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. ETFMdJ Copau; ek;gpf;ifg; nghWg;G epjpar;
rigapdhy; epu;tfpf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. Nju;e;njLf;fg;gl;l egu;fSf;fhd ntt;NtW Xa;T+jpaj;
jpl;lq;fisg; gpw mikr;Rfs; epu;tfpf;fpd;wd. SLBFE MdJ Gyk;ngau; njhopyhsu;fSf;fhd
fhg;GWjpj; jpl;lj;jpw;Fg; nghWg;ghf cs;sJ.

fz;Lgpbg;Gfs;
2.2.4 epjp %yq;fs; kw;Wk; nrytpdg; Nghf;F 2022Mk; Mz;bd; tuT nryTj; jpl;lj;jpy; ,uhZt tPuu;fspd; Xa;T+jpak;> ,wg;G kw;Wk; 106. “Budget Highlights,” Ministry of Finance, accessed March 7, 2022,
fhaq;fspd; Nrit ,og;gPL Mfpatw;wpw;fhf &.312.6 kpy;ypad; xJf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.106 https://www.treasury.gov.lk/web/budget-highlights/section/
social%20protection.
fle;j tuTnryTj; jpl;l Mz;by; rku;g;gpf;fg;gl;l jpl;lkplg;gl;l nrytpd vjpu;ghu;g;Gfspd; KjpNahu;fs; cjtpf;fhf &.6>575 kpy;ypad;> ,we;j ,uhZt tPuu;fspd; ngw;Nwhu;fspd; 107. “Fiscal Management Report 2022” (Ministry of Finance, November
mbg;gilapy; xt;nthU epWtdj;jpw;Fk; xJf;fg;gl;l Njrpa tuTnryTj; jpl;lj;jpypUe;J r%fg; ghJfhg;Gf;fhf &.1>571 kpy;ypad;> kw;Wk; tpNrl NjitAilNahu; kw;Wk; 12, 2021), 34, https://www.treasury.gov.lk/api/file/546a705a-2fc2-
4a9f-a78b-b686693c3aab.
nraw;ghLfis eilKiwg;Lj;Jtjw;Fj; Njitahd mur epWtdq;fSf;fhd rpWePuf NehahspfSf;fhd cjtpahf &.1>460 kpy;ypad; cs;slq;fyhf 2020 Mk; 108. “Fiscal Management Report 2015” (Ministry of Finance and
ngUk;ghyhd epjp fpilf;fpd;wJ. ,Ug;gpDk;> nrytpdq;fspy; cs;s gw;whf;FiwahFk; Mz;by; murhq;fj;jpd; r%f eyd; kw;Wk; ghJfhg;G tifr; nrytpdk; &.14>258 planning, October 24, 2014), 39, https://www.treasury.gov.lk/api/
file/075fd729-658f-4572-9ddc-943ca6fa6fa8
njhifapid <Lfl;lTk; Nkyjpf jpl;lq;fis nraw;gLj;jTk; mur epWtdq;fs; kpy;ypadhf fhzg;gl;lJ. KjpNahu;fspd; cjtpf;fhf &.6>589 kpy;ypad;> ,we;j
epjptoq;Fk; epWtdq;fspd; cjtpapy;jq;fpAs;sd. epjp toq;Fk; epWtdq;fshf> ,uhZt tPuu;fspd; ngw;Nwhu;fspd; r%fg; ghJfhg;Gf;fhf &.1>519 kpy;ypad;> tpNrl
If;fpa ehLfs; (UN) Kftuhz;ikfs;> cyf tq;fp kw;Wk; Mrpa mgptpUj;jp tq;fp NjitAilNahu; kw;Wk; rpWePuf NehahspfSf;fhd cjtpf;fhf &.4>411 kpy;ypad; Nghd;w
Nghd;w muRfSf;fpilNaahd mikg;Gfs;; gpupj;jhdpa cau; ];jhdpfuhyak;> ru;tNjr nrytpdq;fSld;> 2021Mk; Mz;by; xl;Lnkhj;j nrytpdk; &.15>613 kpy;ypadhf
mgptpUj;jpf;fhd mnkupf;fh ,uh[hq;f Kftuhz;ik(USAID) Nghd;w ,Ujug;G cau;e;Js;sJ.107 ,Wjpahd nrytpdj;ij 2020Mk; Mz;bd; nrytpdj;Jld; xg;gpLk;
epjptoq;Fk; epWtdq;fs; my;yJ ru;tNjr mur rhu;gw;w epWtdq;fshfTk; ,Uf;fyhk;. NghJ xU rLjpahd mjpfupg;igf; fhl;Lfpd;wJ vd;whYk; mjw;fhd fhuzq;fs;
njspTgLj;jg;gltpy;iy. ,g;Gs;sptptuq;fis 2013108 ,d; nrytpdj;Jld; xg;gPl;lstpy;
ghu;f;ifapy;> ehl;by; Ntfkhf mjpfupj;JtUk; KjpNahu;fspd; rdj;njhiff;F Kw;wpYk;
cWg;gpdu;fspd; gq;fspg;Gfs; %yk; gq;fspg;G Xa;T+jpak; kw;Wk; fhg;GWjpj; jpl;lq;fs;;
tpj;jpahrkhf> KjpNahu;fs; njhlu;ghd nrytpdk; (2013 ,y; &.1>586 kpy;ypad;)
epjpaspf;fg;gLfpd;w mNjNtis jdpahu; Jiw xJf;fPL ,yhg Nehf;ifr;; rhu;e;jjhf
fzprkhf mjpfupf;ftpy;iy vd;gJ njspthfpd;wJ. Mifahy;> Kjpatu;fs; Rje;jpukhf
,Ug;gjhy; fl;lzk; mwptplg;gLfpd;wJ. Mur rhu;gw;w epWtdq;fs; ngUk;ghYk; jdpegu;
thOk; jpwidg; ghjpf;fpd;w kw;Wk; FLk;gq;fs; kPjhd guhkupg;Gr; Rikiaf; Fiwg;gjpy;
kw;Wk; epWtd epjp toq;Feu;fs; %yk; gadhspfSf;fhd Nritfis toq;Ftjw;fhfj;
vjpu;nfhs;Sk; gy r%fg; ghJfhg;Gr; rthy;fs;> mj;jifa Nritfis toq;Ftjw;Fj;
jq;fs; nrhe;j epjpiaj; jpul;Lfpd;wd.
Njitahd mur epjp tsq;fis NghJkhd msT xJf;fPL nra;ahjNj fhuzkhf
,Uf;fyhk;. khwhf>PWDf;fhd cjtp 2013 ,y; &.353 kpy;ypadpy; ,Ue;J 2021
,y; &.4>411 kpy;ypadhf rLjpahf mjpfupj;Js;sJ. ,j;jifa mjpfupg;Gf; fhzg;gl
NghjpYk;> Ke;ija gFjpfspy; fUj;J toq;;fg;gl;ljd; gpufhuk;> PWD ,d; tho;f;ifj;
juj;ij Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhd mj;jifa tuT nryTj; jpl;l xJf;fPLfspd; tpidj;jpwdhd
gad;ghL Fwpj;j ftiyfis vOg;Gk; tifapy; Nritfis mZFtjpYk; Rje;jpukhf
tho;tjpYk; PWDfs; gy rthy;fis vjpu;nfhs;fpd;wdu;.

fz;Lgpbg;Gfs;
KjpNahu; kw;Wk; PWDf;F Nritfis toq;Ftjw;fhd cs;@u; epu;thf njhiyJ}ug; gFjpfspy; trpf;Fk; Kjpatu;fs; kw;Wk; PWDfspd; NritfSf;fhd
Nkk;gLj;jg;gl;l mZfiyg; ghjpf;Fk; tifapy; njhiyJ}ug; gFjpfspy; Ng&e;J
myFfisf; nfhz;l xU Njrpa xUq;fpizg;G nghwpKiw ,d;ikahdJ Nritfis Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhd tuT nryTj; jpl;l xJf;fPLfs; 2020 ,y; &.4>600
kpy;ypadpypUe;J 2021,y; &.2>900 kpy;ypadhff; Fiwe;Js;sd. ,Ug;gpDk;>
Fiwe;jstpyhd jq;fptho; epiyf;F toptFf;fj; Njitahd Nritfs; Nritfis mZFtjpy; rhjfkhd jhf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;Jk; tifapy;> nghJthf>
kw;Wk; jftYf;fhd mZfiyj;; jLf;fpd;wJ. r%fg; ghJfhg;Gj; jpl;lq;fisf; Nghf;Ftuj;J tiyaikg;gpd; nraw;wpwd;> nfhs;ssT kw;Wk; ,izg;ig Nkk;gLj;Jk;
Nehf;fpy; \&.9>204 kpy;ypad; nrytplg;gl;lJ.
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mjpfupf;fpd;wd. epjp xJf;fg;glhik fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. r%fg; ghJfhg;G kw;Wk; eyd;Gupr; nryTfSf;fhd
Njitahd epjpiag; ngWtjpy; Vida mgptpUj;jprhu; Kd;DupikfSld; Nghl;bapl
Ntz;bAs;sjhy; KjpNahu; kw;Wk; PWDf;F NghjpasT Nrit toq;Ftijj; jLf;fpd;wJ.
,e;epiyikapd; tpisthf> ,j;jifa Nritfisg; ghJfhg;gjpy; cs;s cjtpahsu;
nryTfs; jdpahu; Jiwapd; Rikfis mjpfupg;gJld;> FLk;g tUkhdk; kw;Wk;
FLk;gq;fspd; tho;f;ifj; juj;ijAk; ghjpf;fpd;w mNjNtis> KjpNahu; kw;Wk; PWD
FLk;g cWg;gpdu;fspd; tho;f;ifiaAk; ghjpf;fpd;wJ.

fz;Lgpbg;Gfs;
2.3 nghJthd tWik xopg;Gf; nfhs;iffs; ,jd; tpisthf eyd;Gupr; nrytpdq;fspd; kpfg;ngUk; gFjp rKu;j;jpj; jpl;lj;jpw;fhf
xJf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. 2020Mk; Mz;by; ,j;jpl;lj;jpw;fhd nryT &.35>087 kpy;ypadhff;
109. B. Skanthakumar, “Budget 2022: Brace for Austerity,” SSA Sri Lanka,
January 4, 2022, http://ssalanka.org/budget-2022-brace-austerity-
kw;Wk; epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lq;fs; fhzg;gl;lJld; ,J 2021 ,y; 38>844 kpy;ypadhf mjpfupj;jJ. xU jrhg;j 110.
b-skanthakumar/.
Sánchez Ramos, Karen Melissa and Karimi, Abdul Matin, “Social

Protection in Sri Lanka: An Analysis of the Social, Economic and
fhyg;gFjpapy;> 2013,y; gpujhd tWik xopg;Gj; jpl;lkhd rKu;j;jpapd; tuT nryTj; jpl;lk; Political Effectiveness of the Samurdhi Program,” Munich Personal
rKu;j;jpj; jpl;lkhdJ ,yq;ifapy; twpatu;fSf;fhd gpujhd kw;Wk; kpfg;ngupa RePEc Archive (MPRA) Paper No. 102558, July 24, 2020, 6, https://
&.13>084 Mf ,Ue;jJ. xUNtis mjpfupj;j epjpAjtpapd; tpisthf> ,yq;ifapd; mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/102558/1/MPRA_paper_102558.pdf.
r%fg; ghJfhg;G Kaw;rpahFk;. twpatu;fisg; gpujhd nghUshjhu kw;Wk; r%ff;
r%f cjtpj; jpl;lkhdJ njw;fhrpag; gpuhe;jpaj;jpy; 31 rjtPjj;;jhy; tWikapy; ,uz;lhtJ 111. Note 48, 39
fl;likg;Gfspy; xUq;fpizg;gjd; %yk; tWikia xopg;gJ ,j;jpl;lj;jpd; ePz;l
ngupa jhf;fj;ij Vw;gLj;JfpwJ.112 112. Ibid, 16
fhyf; Fwpf;NfhshFk;. ,yq;ifapd; tWikapd; msit vLj;Jf;fhl;Lk; tifapy; 113. Brian Walsh and Stephane Hallegatte, “Socioeconomic Resilience
in Sri Lanka Natural Disaster Poverty and Wellbeing Impact
rdj;njhifapy; 23 rjtPjkhdtu;fs; rKu;j;jpg; gadhspfshff; fhzg;gLfpd;wdu;. Assessment,” Policy Research Working Paper 9015, 2019, 26 https://
,j;jpl;lkhdJ jw;NghJ tho;thjhu mgptpUj;jpj; jpl;lk;> re;ijg;gLj;jy; Cf;Ftpg;Gj; MapDk;> rKu;j;jpj; jpl;lk; gw;wpa gy Ma;Tfspd; gb> ,j;jpl;lkhdJ tWikf; documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/173611568643337991/pdf/
Socioeconomic-Resilience-in-Sri-Lanka-Natural-Disaster-Poverty-
jpl;lk;> r%f Nkk;ghl;Lj; jpl;lk;> r%f kl;l epWtdq;fspd; jpl;lk;> jfty; njhopEl;gj; jpl;lk;> Fiwg;Gf;Fg; gq;fspf;Fk; xU Kf;fpakhd r%f ghJfhg;G tioj;jpl;lkhf fhzg;gl;lhYk;> and-Wellbeing-Impact-Assessment.pdf.
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115. Note 123

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cupikAs;s FLk;gq;fisj; njupT nra;tjw;fhd nghJthd msTNfhy;fs;:
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(v) tPl;L epiyikfs; kw;Wk;; (vi) FLk;gj;jpd; rdj;njhiff; fl;likg;G. vt;thwpUg;gpDk;>
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nra;tjw;Fk; Nrkpg;G kw;Wk; KjyPl;L fyhrhuj;ij tsu;g;gij Cf;Ftpg;gjw;Fkhhd
ntspapltpy;iy. ,yq;ifapd; nkhj;j cs;ehl;L cw;gj;jpapy; 1%f;Fk; FiwthfNt r%f
murhq;fj;jpd; Kd;nkhopag;gl;l %Nyhghaj;ijg; gfpu;e;J nfhz;lhu;.114 twpa FLk;gq;fs;
cjtpf;fhfr; nrytplg;gLfpwJ. ,jpy; ngUk;ghyhdit Vida jpl;lq;fis tpl rKu;j;jpf;
,j;jpl;lj;jpy; cs;thq;fg;glhikf;fhd xU ghupa gpur;rpidahf murpay; jiyaPLfs;
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fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.115

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nrytpdk; Njitahd mstpYk; Fiwthff; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. Fiwthd tuT nryTj; jpl;l xJf;fPLfs;

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ghJfhg;G Kiwikapd;; ,aYikiag; gw;wpa ftiyfis vOg;Gfpd;wJld;> kpf eilKiwr; rhj;jpakhd gupe;Jiufis toq;Ffpd;wJ. “r%fj;jpd; ey;tho;T kw;Wk; “Quick Guide to What and How: Unpaid Care Work– Entry Points
to Recognise, Reduce and Redistribute”, Women’s Economic
Kf;fpakhf> UCW,y; ,j;jifa FiwghLfspd; jhf;fk; gw;wpa ftiyfisAk; kdpjts Nkk;ghl;bd; epiyNgwhd jd;ikf;Fg; Nghjpa mstpyhd guhkupg;G kw;Wk; Empowerment Series, 2 https://www.oecd.org/dac/gender-
development/47565971.pdf
Vw;gLj;Jfpd;wJ. MfNt> rl;lq;fs; kw;Wk; nfhs;iffspd; Klq;fy; epiyiag; gpw r%f ,dg;ngUf;f nraw;ghLfs; mtrpak; vd;gij Vw;Gj; njuptpj;Jf; nfhz;L>
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CRPD FSHPS NCE PSPF SLBFE W&OP

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,yq;ifapy; vspjpw; ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shfpd;w FLk;gq;fspd; guhkupg;Gr; rk;ge;jg;gl;l ngz;fspd;

fz;Nzhl;lkhdJ 'Ntiy” cld; FLk;g cWg;gpdu;fisg; guhkupg;gij cs;slf;Ffpd;wJ. rk;gpujhakhf ,g;gzpfs;

njhlu;Gilajhf ,izj;Jg; ghu;f;fg;glhikapd; ngz;fspdhNyNa Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLfpd;wd. vt;thwhapDk;> nghUshjhuj;jpy;

tiuaWf;fg;gLtjhy;> epjpapay; mu;j;jq;fisf; “tPl;L Ntiyfspy; <LgLgtu;fs;” vd;W milahsg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wdu;. ,g;gpuptpy;

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,yq;ifapy; vspjpw; ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shfpd;w FLk;gq;fspd; guhkupg;Gr; rk;ge;jg;gl;l ngz;fspd;

,yq;ifapy; vspjpw; ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shfpd;w FLk;gq;fspd; guhkupg;Gr; rk;ge;jg;gl;l ngz;fspd;

,yq;ifapy; KjpNahu; kw;Wk; khw;whw;wy; cilNahu; njhlu;ghd r%fg; ghJfhg;G kw;Wk;

,yq;ifapy; vspjpw; ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shfpd;w FLk;gq;fspd; guhkupg;Gr; rk;ge;jg;gl;l ngz;fspd;

nrytpid Vw;gLj;Jk; KjpNahu; kw;Wk; cjTtjw;fhf tbtikf;fg;gl;l gq;fspg;Gj; jiyaPLfshFk;. vLj;Jf;fhl;Lfspy;

Cjpak; ngwhj guhkupg;Gg; gzp (UCW) vd;gJ xU FLk;gj;jpy; mjd; cWg;gpdu;fSf;fhf

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,yq;ifapy; vspjpw; ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shfpd;w FLk;gq;fspd; guhkupg;Gr; rk;ge;jg;gl;l ngz;fspd;

,yq;ifapy; vspjpw; ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shfpd;w FLk;gq;fspd; guhkupg;Gr; rk;ge;jg;gl;l ngz;fspd;

,yq;ifapy; vspjpw; ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shfpd;w FLk;gq;fspd; guhkupg;Gr; rk;ge;jg;gl;l ngz;fspd;

,yq;ifapy; vspjpw; ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shfpd;w FLk;gq;fspd; guhkupg;Gr; rk;ge;jg;gl;l ngz;fspd;

njhlu;ghd If;fpa ehLfspd; cld;gbf;ifia (CRPD)46 ,yq;if mq;fPfupj;Js;sJ.

guhkupg;gpw;fhd KOikahd mZfy;> fy;tp “khw;whw;wy; cilNahu;fSf;fhd kw;Wk; ,jdbg;gilapy; ehl;by;

,yq;ifapy; vspjpw; ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shfpd;w FLk;gq;fspd; guhkupg;Gr; rk;ge;jg;gl;l ngz;fspd;

ghu;f;fTk;). PWD,d; eyd; kw;Wk; ghJfhg;ig Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhd jpl;lq;fisg; 51. Note 20

52. International Centre for Ethnic Studies, “Women Living with

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fl;Gydw;Nwhu; Gdu;tho;T ek;gpf;if epjpakhdJ 1992Mk; Mz;bd; ,y.9> gov.lk/web/images/audit-reports/upload/2019/FUNDS_19/3_VII/

,yq;ifapy; vspjpw; ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shfpd;w FLk;gq;fspd; guhkupg;Gr; rk;ge;jg;gl;l ngz;fspd;

60. Note 20, 9

,yq;ifapy; vspjpw; ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shfpd;w FLk;gq;fspd; guhkupg;Gr; rk;ge;jg;gl;l ngz;fspd;

,yq;ifapy; vspjpw; ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shfpd;w FLk;gq;fspd; guhkupg;Gr; rk;ge;jg;gl;l ngz;fspd;

Senior Citizens Sri Lanka,” 2006, 24, https://www.povertyportal.lk/

Ntz;Lk;.64 66. Camilla Williamson, “Policy Mapping on Ageing in Asia

,yq;ifapy; vspjpw; ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shfpd;w FLk;gq;fspd; guhkupg;Gr; rk;ge;jg;gl;l ngz;fspd;

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,yq;ifapy; vspjpw; ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shfpd;w FLk;gq;fspd; guhkupg;Gr; rk;ge;jg;gl;l ngz;fspd;

­Kiwrhu; Jiw Copau;fSf;fhdJ

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,yq;ifapy; vspjpw; ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shfpd;w FLk;gq;fspd; guhkupg;Gr; rk;ge;jg;gl;l ngz;fspd;

,yq;ifapy; vspjpw; ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shfpd;w FLk;gq;fspd; guhkupg;Gr; rk;ge;jg;gl;l ngz;fspd;

­ iwe;j tUkhdk; <l;Lk; FLk;gq;fspy; ,Ue;J KjpNahu; kw;Wk; PWD

,yq;ifapy; vspjpw; ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shfpd;w FLk;gq;fspd; guhkupg;Gr; rk;ge;jg;gl;l ngz;fspd;

nfhs;ifj; jpUj;jq;fs; %yk; ,jw;F cjtpahf ,Uf;fyhk;. 85. Ibid, 32

86. See “Caring of Mentally Retarded Persons,” Department

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,yq;ifapy; vspjpw; ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shfpd;w FLk;gq;fspd; guhkupg;Gr; rk;ge;jg;gl;l ngz;fspd;

r%f Nritfs; jpizf;fsj;jpd; r%f kl;lg; Gdu;tho;Tj; jpl;lk; kw;Wk; NSPD

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,yq;ifapy; vspjpw; ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shfpd;w FLk;gq;fspd; guhkupg;Gr; rk;ge;jg;gl;l ngz;fspd;

EPF MdJ ,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fpahy; (CBSL) epu;tfpf;fg;gLk; epjpAld; njhopyhsu;

,yq;ifapy; vspjpw; ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shfpd;w FLk;gq;fspd; guhkupg;Gr; rk;ge;jg;gl;l ngz;fspd;

,yq;ifapy; vspjpw; ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shfpd;w FLk;gq;fspd; guhkupg;Gr; rk;ge;jg;gl;l ngz;fspd;

,yq;ifapy; vspjpw; ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shfpd;w FLk;gq;fspd; guhkupg;Gr; rk;ge;jg;gl;l ngz;fspd;

Sánchez Ramos, Karen Melissa and Karimi, Abdul Matin, “Social

115. Note 123

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,yq;ifapy; vspjpw; ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shfpd;w FLk;gq;fspd; guhkupg;Gr; rk;ge;jg;gl;l ngz;fspd;

z Recognition - mq;fPfhuk; (r%fj;jpy; guhkupg;gpd; tfpgq;fpw;fhd mq;fPfhuk; kw;Wk;

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,yq;ifapy; vspjpw; ghjpg;Gf;Fs;shfpd;w FLk;gq;fspd; guhkupg;Gr; rk;ge;jg;gl;l ngz;fspd;

Kiwrhu; Jiw Copau;fSf;fhdJ

iwe;j tUkhdk; <l;Lk; FLk;gq;fspy; ,Ue;J KjpNahu; kw;Wk; PWD